Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单词讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

本讲义聚焦人教版高一英语必修一Unit 5核心知识点，系统梳理Section A-D的重点词汇（如native, attitude, refer to等）、固定搭配（如native language, attitude to/towards）、句式（如It was a time when..., be of + adj. +名词）及定语从句关系副词用法，构建从基础词汇到综合运用的学习支架。 该资料特色在于词汇讲解结合语境例句（如despite引导让步状语的实例），语法部分通过对比（如base的动词、名词用法及搭配）培养思维品质，句式归纳（如no matter wh-结构）提升语言能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固词汇语法，查漏补缺，助力学习能力发展。

人教版高一英语必修一Unit 5 Languages Around the World Section A 1. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土产的 n. 本地人；本国人 native language / tongue 母语 a native speaker 说本族语的人 native land / country / city 故乡/祖国/故里 be native to 原产于 be home to 是……的所在地/出产地 2. attitude n. 态度；看法 attitude to / towards 对……的态度 have / take / adopt an attitude to / towards 对……持某种态度 a positive / negative attitude to / towards 对……积极/消极态度 an attitude of mind 心态 altitude n. 海拔 3. refer to refer … to 把……移交给；把……托付给 refer to … as 把……称为 refer to the dictionary = look up a word in a dictionary 查词典 refer to one's notes 查阅某人的笔记 refer to sb. 指的是某人 be referred to as 被称为…… reference n. 参考；查阅；提及；涉及 in / with reference to 关于 for future reference 供日后参考 Section B 1. despite prep. 即使；尽管 = in spite of despite the fact that … 尽管…… despite what you say 不管你怎么说 eg. Despite / In spite of the terrible weather, we continued to work in the field. 2. ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 ups and downs of life 人生的起起落落 ups and downs of one's career 某人事业的兴衰 ups and downs of a country 国家的荣辱 3. base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据；基地；基础 base sth. on / upon sth. 以……为基础/根据 be based on / upon 基于…… be based on a true story base sth. in 以……为据点 base opinions on facts at the base of 在……基础上 have a broad base of the masses 在广泛的群众基础 return to the air base 返回空军基地 based adj. 以(某事)为基础的 a strong financial base 雄厚的财政基础 basis n. 基础 on the daily basis 每天…… on an equal basis 在平等的基础上 on the basis of 在……的基础上 basic adj. 基本的；必需的 a basic factor 一个基本的因素 basically adv. 基本上；从根本上说 4. date back to = date from 追溯到 常用于一般现在时，没有进行时态和被动语态。 date back to / date from + 表具体的时间名词 a law dating back to the 17th century out of date 过时的 up to date 最新的；现代的 5. variety n. 变体；异体；多样化 vary v. 变化 various adj. 各种各样的 varied adj. 各种各样的 a variety of = varieties of 各种各样的 various flowers = a variety of flowers = varieties of flowers vary between … and … vary from … to … vary in 在……方面有差异 vary with 随……而变化 a variety of + 可数名词复数 → 谓语复数 the variety of + 可数名词复数 → 谓语单数 6. character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点；性格 characteristic n. 特点，特征 adj. 典型的；独特的 Chinese characters 汉字 cartoon characters 卡通人物 a major / minor character 主角/配角 a man of good character 品性良好的人 have a strong / weak character 性格坚强/软弱 be characteristic of 是……的特色 7. major adj. 主要的；重要的 n. 主修课程 vi. 主修 majority n. 大多数；大部分 a major factor / problem / obstacle / change / city / incident major in History 主修历史 the majority of 大多数 the vast majority 绝大多数 be in the majority 占多数 8. means n. 方式；方法；途径（单复数同形），谓语动词由修饰词来决定 eg. All the possible means have been tried, but not a means has worked. a means of … 一种……的方式 by means of 依靠……方法 by all means 当然行，可以 by no means = not by any means 决不 eg. By no means can we give in to the enemy. 9. regard vt. 把……视为；看待 n. 尊重；关注 regarding prep. 关于；至于 regard … as = be regarded as 把…看作；认为…是 have high regard for 敬佩 hold sb. in high regard 敬重某人 give one's regards to 代……向……问候 with / in regard to 关于；至于 10. global adj. 全球的；全世界的 globe n. 球体；地球仪；地球 globally adv. 全球地 global warming / climate change 全球变暖/气候变化 the global ecology / economy 全球生态/经济 the globe 地球；世界 以-al结尾的形容词： globe — global nature — natural music — musical tradition — traditional person — personal 11. affair n. 公共事务；事件；关系 political / foreign / international / personal / public / private affairs family affairs 家事 12. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值 appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 appreciative adj. 感激的；表示赞赏的 appreciate music / your ability to solve problems appreciate (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事 appreciate your help 感激你的帮助 fully appreciate the importance of … 充分认识到…的重要性 I would appreciate it if … 如果……我会非常感激。 句式 1. It was a time when… “这/那是一段……的时期”（定语从句） This was a time when … There was a time when … There was a time when I was buried in the shell research. It/This/That is the first/second…time (that) 这/那是第一/二次……（从句用现在完成时） eg. It is the first time (that) I have visited the Great Wall. It was the first time (that) I had visited the Great Wall. 2. be of + adj. +名词 = be +副词+该名词的形容词形式，可作表语、定语（修饰名词） eg. be of great use = be greatly useful be of great value = be greatly valuable be of great benefit = be greatly beneficial be of great help = be greatly helpful be of no help = be helpless be of no use = be useless 3. no matter wh-/how 引导的让步状语从句 no matter how = however no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter which = whichever no matter what = whatever eg. No matter how / However hard he tried, he didn't catch up with the monitor. Wherever you are, you must obey the laws. 4. not only … but also Section C Discovering Useful Structures 语法：定语从句：关系副词的用法 1. struggle n. 难事；斗争；努力；奋斗；搏斗 vi. 斗争；奋斗；努力 struggle for / to do sth. 努力争取/做某事 struggle with 同……搏斗；与……竞争 struggle against 为反对……而斗争；与…抗争 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 It is a struggle for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是件难事 2. tongue n. 舌头；语言 put / stick out one's tongue 伸出舌头 mother / native tongue 母语 a sharp tongue 说话尖酸刻薄 on the tip of one's tongue 话到嘴边；差点儿说出 3. point of view 观点；看法 a different point of view from my point of view I think = in my view = in my opinion / view as far as I am concerned = as for me 4. the more…the more… 越……就越…… the +比较级 (+主谓), the +比较级 (+主谓) 越来越…… 比较级+and+比较级 more and more+部分双音节或多音节形容词原级 eg. The more, the better. The harder you study, the greater progress you'll make. stronger and stronger more and more important Section D 1. beg vt.&vi. 恳求；祈求；哀求；乞讨 beg for sth. 请求得到某物 beg sb. for sth. 向某人祈求某物 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 恳求某人做某事 beg sb. not to do sth. 恳求某人不要做某事 beg for food 讨饭 beg for a living 靠乞讨维生 beg for mercy 求饶 beg for peace 乞求和平 I beg your pardon. 请再说一遍吧。 beggar n. 乞丐 2. depend on = depend upon 依靠；依赖；信赖；取决于 depend on sb./sth. 依赖/取决于某人/某物 depend on sb. for sth. 依靠某人获得某物 depend on sb./sth. (doing/to do) sth. 相信某人/某物做某事 depend on it that … It all depends. / That depends. 那得看情况 3. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相等的；相同的；平等的 v. 等于；比得上 equally adv.平等地；同等(重要)地 equality n.平等；相等 be without equal 无与伦比 be created equal 生而平等 have no equal in 在……方面无人能敌 be equal to 与…相等；比得上 all/other things being equal 如果一切如愿的话 A equals B in … A在……比得上B。 equal rights 平等的权利 equal pay for equal work 同工同酬 of equal size / length / height 同等大小/长度/高度 equal the world record 与世界纪录持平 4. bridge the gap 消除差距/隔阂；分歧 bridge the divide 消除分歧 a bridge between … and … “和…之间的桥梁/纽带” a strong bridge a wooden bridge 5. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查询 demanding adj.(工作)要求高的；费力的；(人)苛求的 in (great) demand 需求(非常)大的；受欢迎的 on demand 一经要求 meet / satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand sth. of / from sb. 要求某人某事 demand that… (should) do… 要求…… 后接虚拟语气的宾语从句的动词： 一坚持 insist 二命令 order, command 四建议 advise、recommend、suggest, propose 五要求：request、require、demand、urge、desire 6. description n. 描写(文字)；形容 describe vt. 描写；描述 give / provide / issue a description of … 描述…… write a description of … 描写…… beyond description 难以形容；无法描述 fit / match / answer one's description 与某人的描述相符 describe … as 把……描述为…… 7. relate vt. 联系；讲述 relate to… 与……相关；涉及；谈到 related adj.相关的；有亲属关系的 relative adj.相对的 n.亲戚 relatively adv.相对地 relation n.关系 relationship n.关系 relate sth. to sb. 向某人讲述某事 be related to … 与…相联系 relate … to 把…与…联系起来 relate to the case 与此案相关 relative to 关于……的 in relation to… 关于/根据…… be linked / connected to / with 与…连接；与…有联系 relatively speaking 相对来说 句式 1. what引导表语从句、主语从句、宾语从句以及同位语从句，what在从句中充当主语、表语或宾语补足语。 eg. That's what I mean by pants.（表语从句） What he said yesterday is very moving.（主语从句） Please tell me what happened last night.（宾语从句） I have no idea what happened to Jack.（同位语从句） 2. have trouble / difficulty / problems with sth. have trouble / difficulty / problems (in) doing sth. have a hard / difficult time (in) doing sth. have no trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 3. Would you mind doing sth.? Would you mind sb./sb.'s doing sth.? Would you mind if + 一般过去时？ Do you mind if + 一般现在时？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $