Welcome Unit 词汇 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

本讲义聚焦人教版高一英语必修一Welcome Unit核心知识，系统梳理15个重点词汇（含词性、搭配及拓展用法）、2个核心句型（What if…?和find+宾补结构）、八大基本句子结构及8个必考“熟词生义”，构建从基础词汇到语法应用再到词汇深度理解的递进学习支架。 该资料通过多维度词汇拓展（如“design”的设计义与故意义辨析）、系统句型语法分析（如八大句子结构实例解析）及实用熟词生义归纳，助力学生提升语言能力（词汇句型灵活运用）和思维品质（一词多义辨析）。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识，弥补词汇语法盲点，培养自主学习能力。

人教版高一英语必修一Welcome Unit Listening and speaking Section A 1. exchange n. 交换；交流 vt. 交换；交流；交易；兑换 exchange students 交换生 exchange activities 交流活动 cultural exchange 文化交流 make an exchange 进行交换 in exchange for 交换……；调换 拓展：exchange sth for sth 拿……交换…… exchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物 exchange ideas 交流想法 2. lecture n. 讲座；讲课；教训 vi. (开)讲座；讲课 vt. 训斥 give a lecture 举办讲座 go to/attend a lecture 参加讲座 拓展：lecture in/on 开……的讲座 lecture sb. about/on sth 训斥某人某事 lecture sb. about doing sth 训斥某人做了某事 lecturer n. (尤指英国大学的)讲师；演讲者 3. design n. 设计 vt. 设计；筹划 designer n. 设计者 a special design 独特的设计 by design = on purpose / by intention 故意地 拓展：design … for 为……设计 design … to do sth 设计……来做某事 be designed for 为……设计 be designed to do sth 被设计用来做…… eg. The designer was selected to design a new logo for the company. The course is designed for beginners. well / badly designed 设计精良/糟糕 specially designed 专门设计的 4. formal adj. 正式的；正规的 formally adv. 正式地 informal adj. 非正式的 a formal dinner 正式晚宴 a formal occasion 正式场合 a formal agreement 正式协议 an informal meeting 非正式会议 an informal visit 非正式拜访 informal clothes 便服 5. anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的，担心的；渴望的 anxiously adv. 焦急地；担心地 anxiety n. 焦虑；渴望 be anxious for sb./sth. 为某人忧虑；渴望某物 be anxious about sth. 为某事担心 be anxious to do sth. 渴望做…… with anxiety 焦虑地 （表渴望的短语）：long to do; long for; desire for; desire to do; be keen on; be keen to do; be thirsty for 6. annoyed adj. 恼怒的；气恼的 annoy vt. 使恼怒；打扰 annoying adj. 使生气的，使恼怒的 annoyance n. 烦恼 be annoyed with sb. 对某人生气 be annoyed about / at sth. 对……恼火 be annoyed that 对……生气（恼火） be annoyed to do sth. 对做某事感到生气 to one's annoyance 让某人生气的是 7. frightened = afraid = scared adj. 惊吓的；害怕的 frighten v. 使惊吓 frightening adj. 引起恐惧的 fright n. 恐怖 be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕（做）某事 be frightened that … 害怕…… frighten … away / off 吓走，吓跑 8. senior adj. 级别（或地位）高的 n. 较年长的人 junior adj. 地位（或职位）低下的 n. 青少年；职位较低者 be senior/junior to 比……高/低；比……年长/年幼 a senior citizen 老年人 senior high school 高中 junior high school 初中 be senior/junior to sb. by … year(s) 比……年长/年幼……岁 9. impression n. 印象；感想 make an impression 留下印象 first impression 第一印象 leave/make an impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象 (be) under the impression that …（通常指）误以为…… impress vt. 使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象；vi. 留下印象；引人注目 拓展：impress sb. with/by sth. 某事给某人留下很深的印象 sb. be impressed with sth. 某人对某事印象深刻 impress sth. on sb. = impress on sb. sth. 向某人强调某事的重要性 impressive adj. 令人钦佩的 10. concentrate vi. & vt. 集中（注意力）；聚精会神 concentration n. 专心；专注；集中 concentration on 对……的关注 concentrate on (doing) sth. 集中精力做某事 concentrate (one's efforts / attention) on 全神贯注于；集中精力于 同义短语（集中注意力于）： fix / focus one's attention on pay attention to put one's heart into be absorbed / buried in be devoted to 11. experiment n. 实验；试验 v. 进行实验 experimental adj. 实验性的 do / perform / conduct / carry out an experiment 做实验 complete an experiment 完成实验 experiment with sth. 用某物进行实验 experiment on sb./sth. 利用某人/某物进行实验 12. leave … alone 不打扰；不惊动 leave … alone：不管；不理；让……单独待着 Leave me alone. 别管我。 leave aside 搁置一边；不考虑 leave behind 忘记带走；留下；超过 leave for 动身去 leave out 遗漏；不包括；忽视，冷落 leave sth. alone 别碰某物 13. awkward adj. 令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的 awkwardly adv. awkwardness n. 尴尬；笨拙 an awkward child 笨拙的孩子 an awkward excuse 拙劣的借口 an awkward situation 尴尬的境地 an awkward question 棘手的问题 an awkward instrument 使用不便的工具 be/feel awkward about 对……感到不自在 make things awkward 使事情变得棘手 It is awkward that … 麻烦的是…… 14. explore v. 探索；勘探 explorer n. 探险者；勘探者 exploration n. 探索；开发 explore the sea 探索海洋 explore the outer space 探索太空 explore the secret 探寻秘密 explore the possibility of 探寻……的可能性 explore carefully 仔细探索 explore scientifically 科学探索 explore for 勘探 15. confident adj. 自信的；有把握的 confidence n. 信心；信任 be confident about/of sth. 对某事有把握/有信心 be confident that … 确信/有把握…… have/show confidence in 对……有信心 lack confidence in 在……方面缺乏信心 with confidence 自信地 句型 What if…? 要是……会怎么样呢？ eg. What if no one talks to me? = What will happen / What will I do if no one talks to me? find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 I find most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful! find用法归纳： find + n./pron. + adj. find + n./pron. + adv. find + n./pron. + 现在分词（表主动或正在进行） find + n./pron. + 过去分词（表被动或已经完成） find + n./pron. + 介词短语 find it + 宾补 + 不定式（it为形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语） Section B. Discovering Useful Structures 分析基本句子结构 S 主语 V 谓语 O 宾语 P 表语 A 状语 DO 直接宾语 IO 间接宾语 C 补语 八大基本句子结构 1. S+Vi (不及物动词). All of us laughed! S　　　V 2. S+Vt + O I miss my grandma. S　Vt　　O 3. S+V+P（主系表 S+Link.V+P） The teacher was kind and friendly. S　　　V　　P 4. S+V+OC I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. S　V　　　　　　　　O　　　　　　　OC 5. S+V+IO+DO He told us a funny story. S　V　IO　　DO 6. S+V+A He talked so much. S　V　　A 7. S+V+O+A I had my first maths class at senior high school. S　V　　　O　　　　　A 8. There be … 句型 There is a lot to explore at senior high. forward adv. (=forwards) 向前；前进 adj. 向前的；前进的 搭配：move forward 前进 put forward 提出 拓展： backward adv. 向后 adj. 向后的 afterward adv. 以后；后来 upward adv. 向上；往上 adj. 向上的；朝上的 downward adv. 向下；朝下 adj. 向下的 look forward to 盼望；期待（to是介词） 动词+副词+介词短语： look back on 回顾、回忆起 look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起 look up to sb. 仰慕；尊敬 look out for 注意；当心；留意 动词+介词短语： get down to 开始认真做 run out of 用完 think highly of 高度评价 break away from 摆脱 add up to 总计达到 live up to 不辜负 catch up with 赶上 put up with 忍受 make up for 弥补 get on/along with 与……相处 Welcome Unit Section C Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing and Building Up your Vocabulary 1. take notes = make notes 记笔记 take notes of the meeting 记录会议内容 take notes of the key points 记录要点 take notes of useful words and phrases 记录有用的单词短语 辨析： take notes of 做笔记；记录 take note of 注意到 compare notes (with sb.) （与某人）交换意见 2. organise (-se) vt. 组织；筹备；安排 vi. 组建；成立 organisation n. 组织 organised adj. 有序的；有组织的 organiser n. 组织者 organise a birthday party 筹备生日派对 organise an army 组建军队 WHO = the World Health Organisation 世界卫生组织 a large international organisation 大型国际组织 well / badly / carefully organised 组织完善/糟糕/周密 3. goal n. 目标；球门；射门 goalkeeper n.守门员 set a goal 设立目标 achieve/reach one's goal 实现目标 have a short-term/long-term goal 有短期/长期目标 score a goal 进球得分 keep goal 守门 4. improve v. 改进；改善 improvement n. 改善；提高 improve English / writing skills 提升英语/写作能力 improve our living conditions 改善我们的生活条件 make great improvement 取得巨大进步 5. curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 curiously adv. 好奇地 curiosity n. 好奇心 be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 好奇想去做某事 It's curious that … 真是奇怪 satisfy / meet one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 arouse one's curiosity about 激起对……的好奇心 with curiosity = curiously 好奇地 Welcome Unit 8个必考“熟词生义” 1. lecture 熟义：n. 讲座；讲课 生义：v. 训斥；教训 eg. Dad lectured me for being late. 2. design 熟义：v./n. 设计 生义：n. 故意（by design = on purpose） eg. He broke the vase by design, not by accident. 3. impress 熟义：v. 使钦佩；给……留下印象 生义：v. 使意识到（impress on/upon） eg. My teacher impressed on me the value of honesty. 4. company 熟义：n. 公司 生义：n. 陪伴 eg. I miss your company. 5. goal 熟义：n. 目标 生义：n. 球门；进球得分 eg. He kicked the ball into the goal. 6. flash 熟义：v./n. 闪光；闪耀 生义：v.（念头）闪现；（眼神）闪烁（表露情绪） 读后续写例句： A terrible idea flashed into my mind. Her eyes flashed with anger. 7. forward 熟义：adv. 向前；adj. 向前的 生义：v. 发送；转发；促进 eg. Please forward this email to your classmates. This will help forward your career. 8. concentrate 熟义：v. 集中注意力 concentrate on 生义：v. 使集中；浓缩 eg. concentrated juice（浓缩果汁） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $