Unit 5 Music 核心词汇、短语及句式 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

该高中英语讲义以人教版高一必修二Unit 5 Music为核心，通过对比表格梳理易混词汇（如classical与classic），用知识框架图整合短语拓展（如come up with系列辨析）及句式结构（如as引导的非限制性定语从句），系统呈现词汇、短语、语法的内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“词汇-短语-句式”三维联动设计，如compose的派生词拓展及“很可能”的多种表达对比，培养语言能力与思维品质。每个知识点配例句及错误纠正（如prove sb. wrong的正确用法），基础生可掌握规范表达，优秀生能深化辨析，助力教师实施分层教学，支持学生自主复习时精准突破薄弱点。

人教版高一英语必修二Unit 5 Music Section A 1. classical adj. 古典的；经典的 classical music/literature/theory 古典音乐/文学/学说 a classical musician 一名古典音乐家 classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 a classic example/mistake/case 一个典型的例子/错误/案例 2. energy n. 能源；能量；精力 full of energy = energetic 精力充沛的 have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事 devote one's energies to… 把某人精力投入…… put a lot of energy into… 投入很大的精力在…… green energy 绿色能源 energetic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的 be energetic in doing sth. 积极做某事 an energetic tennis player 一位精力充沛的网球运动员 feel energetic 感觉精力充沛 句式 Sb. is likely to do sth. 某人有可能做某事 =It is likely that…从句 Sb. is unlikely to do sth. 例：If everyone in society can give a helping hand to each other, it is more likely that society will become more harmonious. “很可能”的多种表达： It is possible for sb. to do sth. It is possible that… It is probable that… Section B 1. come up with 想出；提出（主意、问题、计划） come up with an idea /a plan A question came up in the meeting. We came up with a question in the meeting. 拓展短语辨析 put up with 容忍，忍受 keep up with 跟上；熟悉；了解 catch up with 追得上，赶得上 end up with 以…结束/告终 2. compose vt.作曲；创作；组成 composition n.成分；作品；作文 a composition by Mozart revise a composition compose/write music to express his feelings. compose/write a song compose a letter/poem/speech be composed of 由…组成/构成 例：The audience is composed largely of romantic young people. composer n.作曲家；著作者 3. opportunity n.机会；时机 have the opportunity to do sth. take/seize/use an opportunity miss/lose/waste an opportunity give/offer sb. an opportunity 例：I would appreciate it if you could offer me an opportunity to appear on stage. chance n.机会 a chance to do sth. take a chance 冒险；碰运气 The chances are… = It is likely that… 4. perform vi. &vt.表演；履行；执行 perform music /one's promise /one's duty /an operation 演奏音乐 履行某人的诺言 尽某人的职责 做手术 perform an experiment /well/badly/poorly 做实验 表现好/不好/差 performance n.表演；演奏；表现 give performances /a performance 表演 put on a performance 上演节目 a brilliant performance 出色的表演/表现 a poor performance 不好的表演/表现 performer n.表演者；演员 a skillful performer 熟练的表演者 例：I found that watching her perform this ordinary task with such enthusiasm was both calming and beautiful. 5. ordinary adj.普通的；平凡的 ordinary people 普通人 in the ordinary way 一般地；通常地 out of the ordinary 不寻常 an ordinary-looking man 一个相貌普通的人 例：In the ordinary way, you are supposed to read at least two articles every day if you really want to improve your reading ability. 6. enable vt.使能够；使可能 enable sb. to do sth. 同义表达：be able to do sth. / be capable of doing sth. 例：Such structured thinking will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. 7. prove vt.证明；展现；linking v.证明是 prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事 prove one's point 证明某人的观点 prove sb. wrong/innocent 证明某人是错误的/无辜 prove that …证明…… It is proved that …已证明 prove (to be) + adj./n. 证明是…… 错误：prove sb. that … 正确：prove to sb. that… 8. award vt.授予；奖励 award sb. sth. (for…) =award sth. to sb. (for…) （因…）把…授予/颁发给某人 give sb. an award 给某人颁奖 win /receive /get an award for sth. 因某事赢得/得到/获奖项 an award ceremony 颁奖仪式 9. fall in love with (表动作，不与时间段连用) They fell in love with each other two years ago. be in love with (表状态，可与时间段连用) They have been in love with each other for two years. 例：Many foreign tourists fall in love with China the first time they pay a visit to this great country. 同类动作/状态词组对比 fall asleep 入睡 | be asleep 睡着 catch fire 起火 | be on fire 着火 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 | be in trouble 处于困境 10. original adj.原来的；独创的；n.原件；原作 the original plan 原来的计划 original documents 原始文件 an original thought 一个独到的想法 originally adv.原来；起初 origin n.起源；源头；起因；出身 by origin 出身；血统 in origin 源头上 the origin of the word 词源 the origins of life on earth 地球上生命的起源 11. stage n.时期；阶段；舞台 take the center stage 成为焦点；占据中心位置 at this/that stage 在这个/那个阶段 in the early/later/final stage 在初期/后期/最终阶段 go through a stage 经历某一时期 get to/reach a stage 到达某一阶段 go on stage 登上舞台 set the stage for sth. 使某事成为可能；为某事铺平道路 句式：at the stage + where/in which +定语从句 12. altogether adv.全部；completely=in total How much do I owe you altogether? not altogether 不完全（表示部分否定） an old custom that has vanished altogether 13. thus adv.如此；因此 =in this manner/way 同义：therefore adv.因此 例：They reduced the use of plastic bags; thus, they made a contribution to environmental protection. 14. nowadays adv.现在；目前 同义短语：at the present time; at present; up to now 例：In contrast to the past, people nowadays have access to a large amount of knowledge through the Internet. 句式 as引导的非限制性定语从句 ① as“正如，如同”引导非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容。 ② as在从句中可作主语或宾语。 ③ as可位于句首，句中或句后，一般用逗号与主句隔开。 as is announced/reported 正如所宣布/报道的那样 as is known to all 众所周知 as you can see 如你所见 as has been said above 如上所述 as is often the case 情况常之如此 例：As is often the case, positive thinking helps him overcome difficulties. Section C 1. gradually adv.逐渐地 gradual adj.逐渐的；循序渐进的 a gradual change in climate a gradual process a gradual increase in the number of people owning cars have gradually changed 例：You should learn to say to yourself, "This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable." You will then gradually become more patient. 2. capable adj.有能力的；有才能的 be capable of (doing) sth. a strong capable woman capable hands incapable adj.没有能力；不能自理的 例：I love our English teacher very much because she is capable of making her class interesting and lively. 3. relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的) 减轻或消除；(不快局面的)宽慰、放松或解脱；救济 in relief 如释重负地 much to one's relief = to one's great relief 使某人非常欣慰 It is a relief to do sth. 做某事令人欣慰。 breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气 What a relief! 终于放心了！ relieve vt.减轻；缓解 relieve anxiety / stress 消除焦虑 / 缓解压力 4. cure vt.治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题)；矫正 n.药物；治疗 cure +疾病 治愈某种疾病 cure +人 治愈某人的病 cure sth. 解决某种问题 cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病；纠正某人不良行为/态度 There is no cure for… 没有办法治愈…；没有办法解决… 结构相同短语： warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人 rob sb. of sth. 抢某人的某物 rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某事 accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人犯有某罪 suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事 5. absorb vt.吸收；承受；理解；使全神贯注 be absorbed in 被……吸引；专心致志 “全神贯注于/专心于”表达汇总： be buried / lost in focus / concentrate on focus / fix / concentrate one's mind/attention on keep one's mind on put one's heart into devote oneself to 6. previous adj.先前的；以往的 previous to 在…以前 the previous day previous experience previously adv.以前，先前 例：① No previous experience is necessary for this position. ② Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert new information into long-term memory. 7. unemployed adj.失业的；待业的 become unemployed the unemployed 失业人群 employ vt.雇佣 employ sb. as sth. employ sb. to do sth. employment n.就业；工作；使用 unemployment n.失业；失业人数 seek/find employment full-time/part-time employment the employment of AI 人工智能的使用 an area of high/low unemployment 失业率高/低的地区 8. impact n.巨大影响；强大作用；冲击 have/make an impact on… have no impact on… 同义短语：have an effect/influence on… have no effect on… make a difference (to) make no difference (to) 例：A healthy body can have a positive impact on your thoughts and emotions, enabling you to make better decisions. 9. aim n.目的；目标 vi.&vt.力求达到；旨在；瞄准；对准；vt.目的旨在 with the aim of … 以…目的 the aim of sth. 某事的目的 achieve one's aim 达到某人的目标 take aim at 瞄准；把目标对准 aim for 力求达到… aim to do sth. 力求做某事 be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事 be aimed at sb. 针对某人 aim (sth.) at… (把某物)瞄准/对准… aimless adj.无目标的 aimlessly adv.漫无目的地 例：The aim of the Habitat Restoration Team is to protect the local ecosystem. 句式 过去分词（短语）作状语：让步、条件、方式、原因、时间、伴随。 ① Overcome with guilt, I decided to make up for the mistake. ② My childhood is quite happy compared with hers. ③ Asked about his future plans, he said he wanted to be a scientist. Section D 1. set sth. up 安装好(设备或机器)；set up 设立；建立；设置 set up roadblocks 设置路障 set up a tent 搭建帐篷 Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. 拓展短语： set out to do sth.着手做；出发 set about doing sth.着手做 set down 记下；写下 set off/aside 出发；留出 put up 建造；张贴；提出 build up 增强；树立 make up 构成；编造 pick up 捡起；学会 bring up 抚养；养育 turn up 出现；调高 2. equipment n.设备；装备（不可数名词） a piece of equipment 一件设备 camping equipment 露营装备 medical equipment 医疗设备 necessary equipment 必要的设备 equip vt.装备；配备；使能够胜任 equip…with… 用…装备… be equipped with 配备有… equip sb. for sth. / equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能胜任某事 3. try out 参加……选拔(或试演)；试用；试验；测试 try out for sth. 参加……选拔 try out a new performer for the performance 为演出试用一名新演员 try out all types of foreign dishes 品尝各种异国菜肴 拓展短语 try on 试穿 try for 试图获得；力争赢得 try one's best (to do sth.) 竭尽所能做某事 have a try 试一试 4. talent n.天才；天资 have （a） talent for 有…天赋 show （a） talent for 显示出……天赋 a man of many talents 一名多才多艺的男子 talented adj.有天赋的；有才能的 a talented actor/artist 一名有天赋的演员/艺术家 gift n.天赋；天才；才能 gifted adj.有天赋的；有才华的 be gifted with 具有……天赋 be gifted in/at 在……方面有才能 例：Caroline doesn't have a natural talent for music but she makes up for it with hard work. 5. assume vt.认为；假设 assume sb./sth. to be 认为某人/某物是…… Let's assume (that)… 我们假设…… It is generally /usually assumed that… 普遍/通常认为…… assuming conj.假设……为真；假如 Assuming (that)… 假定… assumption n.假设 make an assumption 作出假设 be based on an assumption 以假设为基础 on the assumption that…假设… 6. addition n.添加；加法 in addition 除此之外，另外 in addition to +n./pron./动词ing =besides /as well as /apart from 例：In addition to being smart, one should be kind to others. Doing sports is beneficial to our health. In addition, sports can also relieve stress and make us feel relaxed. 7. ache vi.疼痛；渴望 n.疼痛 headache / stomachache / backache ache for home 渴望回家 ache to do sth.渴望做某事 ache to see her the ache of his loneliness an ache in my heart 例：I'm aching for the championship because I have been dreaming so long. 8. treatment n.治疗；对待；处理 give sb. treatment 为某人治疗 get/have/receive treatment for… 就……接受治疗 need /require treatment 需要治疗 hospital/medical treatment 入院/药物治疗 treat vt.治疗；医治；处理 treat sb. for sth. 治疗某人的… treat…with… 用……治疗…… 9. from （then） on 从(那)时起 from now on from today / tomorrow / that day / that moment on 10. lean v.(leant/leaned) 倚靠；倾斜 lean forward/back 向前倾/向后靠 lean against/on 靠在/倚在……上 lean toward 偏向；向…倾斜 lean sth. against/on sth. 使…斜靠在…上 lean on 依靠 例：The couple lean on each other for support. 11. get through (设法)处理；完成；通过(考试)；接通(电话)；渡过(难关) get through the driving test get through the hard times I can't get through to his office. 拓展短语 get over 克服；从疾病(或震惊)中恢复 get hold of 抓住 get rid of 摆脱 get down to 开始认真考虑；着手处理 get away with 偷走；做坏事而不受惩罚 get on/along well with 与…相处得好 12. moreover adv.而且；此外 近义词组：besides；furthermore；in addition；what's more 13. satisfaction n.满足；满意；欣慰 with satisfaction to one's satisfaction get satisfaction from sth. express satisfaction great / deep satisfaction personal satisfaction job satisfaction a sense / feeling of satisfaction a smile / look of satisfaction satisfy vt.使满足；满足 satisfied adj. satisfying adj.令人满意的 be satisfied with sb./sth. 例：① You should feel satisfied at the end of meal, but not too full. ② She nodded with satisfaction when she saw the neatly arranged books on the shelf. 14. various adj.各种不同的 for various reasons 由于种种原因 in various sizes 大小不一 vary v.不同；变化 variety n.变化；多样化 a variety of = varieties of = various 各种各样的 = all kinds/sorts/types of vary in 在…方面不同 vary with sth. 随…而变化 vary between …and… 从……到……不等 vary from…to… vary from person to person 因人而异 15. somehow adv.以某种方式(方法)；不知怎么地，（由于某种未知的原因) 同义：anyhow/anyway Anyhow, I will go back home to celebrate the Spring Festival. I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how. somewhat adv.稍微，有点儿，有几分 = a little / rather 例：She felt somewhat uncomfortable. 16. reaction n.反应；回应 in reaction to 对…作出反应 a reaction to 对…的反应 a chain reaction 连锁反应 plants' reaction to weather react v.回应；起效应 react to 对…起反应 how to react to the suggestion react with 与……起化学反应 句式 1. A time when…一段……的时期 Have you ever faced a time when things look dark and you had no hope at all? This was a time when… 这是一段…的时期…… There was a time when…曾经有一段时期 …… This was a time when the two countries were at war. There was a time when my little sister was afraid to sleep alone. It/This/That Is the first/second… time (that)，从句用现在完成时。 It/This/That was the first/second… time (that)，从句用过去完成时。 例：It is the first time I have visited the Great Wall. It was the first time I had visited the Great Wall. 2. so…that… 3. crowd crowd n.人群；一群人 a crowd of /crowds of people 一群/成群人 a big/huge/large/vast crowd 一大群人 vt.挤满；使拥挤 crowd into the centre of New York City crowded adj.拥挤的 crowd into one's mind 涌上某人的心头 crowd in on sb. (问题或想法)涌上(心头)；涌入(脑海) a crowded street be crowded with the streets crowded with traffic 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $