Unit 4 Our Memory（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统整合了Unit 4 "Our Memory"单元内容，涵盖主题分类词汇（名词、动词等）、实用短语、交际句型、核心语法（定语从句）及写作指导，搭建从基础词汇积累到语法应用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过"音标-拼写-翻译-例句"四维呈现词汇，标注语法易错点（如who/which指代区别），设计写作万能结构与扣分避雷清单，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。例如词汇部分配音标提示和情景翻译，写作提供"开头-中间-结尾"模板，助力学生自主高效复习，教师可精准开展针对性教学。

Unit 4 Our Memory 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、名词： ___________ /pəˈzɪʃn/ 位置；地方 ____________________________________________ 翻译：你能记起你钱包的位置吗。 ___________ /ˈsædnəs/ 悲伤；难过 ____________________________________________ 翻译：眼泪流露了她深深的悲伤。 ___________ /tʃeɪn/ 链条；一连串 ____________________________________________ 翻译：记忆就像一连串故事。 ___________ /ˈlektʃə(r)/ 讲座；讲课 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我从这场记忆讲座中学到很多技巧。 ___________ /ˈɡrænsʌn/ 孙子；外孙 ____________________________________________ 翻译：老人给他的孙子讲故事。 ___________ /keɪs/ 情况；实例 ____________________________________________ 翻译：就我的情况而言，我很容易忘事。 ___________ /ˈɒprə/ 歌剧 ____________________________________________ 翻译：上周末我们看了一场歌剧。 ___________ /ˈtɪkɪt/ 票；入场券 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我找不到我的音乐会门票。 ___________ /ˈwɒlɪt/ 钱包 ____________________________________________ 翻译：他把钱包丢在机场了。 ___________ /ˈpɪknɪk/ 野餐 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我依然记得我们那次愉快的野餐。 ___________ /ˈeəpɔːt/ 机场 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们会在机场接你。 ___________ /ˈɡʌnʃɒt/ 枪声 ____________________________________________ 翻译：一声响亮的枪声打破了寂静。 ___________/tekˈniːk/ 技巧；方法 ____________________________________________ 翻译：这是一个实用的记忆技巧。 ___________ /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ 段落；短文 ____________________________________________ 翻译：读这篇短文并且复述它。 ___________ /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ 图像；画面 ____________________________________________ 翻译：在脑海中构建一个清晰画面。 ___________ /ɡrɑːf/ 图表；曲线图 ____________________________________________ 翻译：这张图表展示我们记忆的变化。 ___________ /ˈendʒɪn/ 发动机 ____________________________________________ 翻译：这辆车的发动机发出奇怪声响。 ___________ /ˈfjuːəl/ 燃料 ____________________________________________ 翻译：脑力需要能量供给。 ___________/əˈdres/ 地址 ____________________________________________ 翻译：请写下你的家庭地址。 ___________ /ˈpɑːswɜːd/ 密码；口令 ____________________________________________ 翻译：不要把电脑密码告诉别人。 ___________ /əˈkaʊnt/ 账户 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我忘记了我的网上账户。 ___________ /blʌd/ 血；血液 ____________________________________________ 翻译：血液在我们身体里流动。 ___________/wuːnd/ 伤口 ____________________________________________ 翻译：这个小伤口很快愈合。 ___________/mɔːl/ 购物中心 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们在购物中心遇见彼此。 ___________ /ˈnəʊtbʊk/ 笔记本 ____________________________________________ 翻译：把重点写在你的笔记本上。 ___________ /ˈskwɪrəl/ 松鼠 ____________________________________________ 翻译：松鼠储存坚果过冬。 ___________/nʌt/ 坚果 ____________________________________________ 翻译：松鼠爱吃坚果。 ___________ /ˈdɒlfɪn/ 海豚 ____________________________________________ 翻译：海豚可以认出自己的同伴。 ___________ /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ 纲要；轮廓 ____________________________________________ 翻译：复述之前列一个纲要。 ___________ /buːst/ 帮助；增长 ____________________________________________ 翻译：睡眠对你的记忆有提升作用。 2、 动词： ___________ /pəˈzɪʃn/ 安置；使处于 ____________________________________________ 翻译：他把书放在桌子上。 ___________ /riˈækt/ 作出反应；回应 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们的大脑对不同信息作出反应。 ___________ /ˌriːˈtel/ 复述；重述 ____________________________________________ 翻译：试着用自己的话复述这个故事。 ___________ /ˈmeməraɪz/ 记住；熟记 ____________________________________________ 翻译：一天之内记住所有生词很难。 ___________ /tɪk/ 给…… 打钩 ____________________________________________ 翻译：在试卷上给正确答案打钩。 ___________ /rɪˈkɔːl/ 回忆起；回想起 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我想不起他的名字。 ___________/buːst/ 促进；使增长 ____________________________________________ 翻译：运动可以提升你的脑力。 ___________/dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论；谈论 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们将在课堂上讨论记忆问题。 ___________ /vjuː/ 看；观看 ____________________________________________ 翻译：你可以在脑海中想象这幅画面。 ___________ /ɪnˈkriːs/ 增加；增长 ____________________________________________ 翻译：阅读可以增长我们的知识。 ___________ /wuːnd/ 使受伤 ____________________________________________ 翻译：锋利的石头弄伤了他的手。 ___________ /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ 辨认出；认可 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我一开始没有认出你。 ___________ /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ 概述 ____________________________________________ 翻译：请概述文章的主要观点。 ___________ /dɪˈvaɪd/ 分成；划分 ____________________________________________ 翻译：把长文章划分成小片段。 ___________ /ˈpɑːdn/ 原谅 ____________________________________________ 翻译：请原谅我的过错。 三、形容词 adj. 1. ___________ /ˈsteɪbl/ 稳定的；稳固的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们学习需要稳定的环境。 ___________ /ˌɡrəʊnˈʌp/ 成年的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：他拥有成年人的思维。 ___________ /ˌʃɔːtˈtɜːm/ 短期的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：短期记忆会很快消失。 ___________ /ˌlɒŋˈtɜːm/ 长期的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们希望获得长期记忆。 ___________ /ˈlaɪkli/ 可能的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：你很可能很快就会忘记它。 ___________ /ɪˈfektɪv/ 有效的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：这是一种有效的学习方法。 ___________ /waɪld/ 野生的；自然生长的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：一些野生动物记忆力很好。 ___________ /ˌwʌnsaɪzfɪtsˈɔːl/ 通用的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：没有万能通用的记忆方法。 四、副词 adv. ___________ /ˈfʊli/ 完全地 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我不能完全理解这条规则。 短 语 run out of sth 用完；耗尽 例句：I have run out of my energy. 翻译：我已经耗尽了精力。 mix up 混淆；弄乱 例句：Don’t mix up these two words. 翻译：不要把这两个单词弄混淆。 put sth to good use 有效利用某物 例句：Put your memory skills to good use. 翻译：好好运用你的记忆技巧。 go through 经历；仔细察看 例句：Go through your notes before the test. 翻译：考试前仔细浏览你的笔记。 happen to 发生于；碰巧 例句：Something strange happened to me yesterday. 翻译：昨天我遇到一件奇怪的事。 keep … in mind 记在心中；记住 例句：Keep these rules in mind. 翻译：记住这些规则。 in sb's case 就某人的情况而言 例句：In her case, music helps her remember things. 翻译：就她的情况来说，音乐帮助她记忆。 to start with 首先 例句：To start with, read the whole article. 翻译：首先，通读整篇文章。 wear out 磨损；耗尽 例句：Too much work will wear you out. 翻译：过多的工作会耗尽你的精力。 divide sth into 把某物分成…… 例句：Divide the cake into four pieces. 翻译：把蛋糕分成四份。 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1、 描述记忆与遗忘： I still clearly recall what happened on that day. 我依然清楚地回想起那天发生的事。 Sometimes it is hard for me to memorize new information. 有时候我很难记住新信息。 My short‑term memory is not very good, so I often forget small things. 我的短期记忆不太好，所以我经常忘记小事。 It’s likely that you will forget these facts soon without review. 如果不复习，你很可能很快就会忘掉这些知识点。 I can’t remember exactly where I put my things. 我记不清我把东西放在哪里了。 Some old memories stay in our long‑term memory for many years. 有些旧记忆会在我们的长期记忆中留存很多年。 二、交际口语句： Pardon? I didn’t catch what you said just now. 能再说一遍吗？我刚才没听清你说的话。 Could you retell the main idea in your own words? 你能用自己的话复述主要内容吗？ 三、谈论记忆技巧与学习方法： One effective way to improve memory is to create pictures in your mind. 提升记忆力的一个有效方法是在脑海中构建画面。 We can divide a long passage into small parts to remember it better. 我们可以把长段落划分成小段，更好地记住它。 Putting these skills to good use will help you learn faster. 好好运用这些技巧会帮你学得更快。 There is no one‑size‑fits‑all method for memory. 不存在万能通用的记忆方法。 To start with, you should make an outline before retelling the text. 首先，在复述课文前你应该列一个纲要。 Keeping important points in mind is helpful for your study. 把重点记在心里对你的学习很有帮助。 语法 定语从句（that /which/who） 写作 记忆 / 提高记忆力的方法 一、知识点精讲 run out (of) 用完；耗尽 run out：主语是物，无被动 Time has run out. 时间已经耗尽。 run out of：主语是人 I have run out of energy. 我已经耗尽精力。 mix up 混淆，弄乱 mix up A and B 把 A 和 B 混淆 Don’t mix up these two words. 不要把这两个单词弄混。 put sth to good use 充分利用某物 Put your memory skills to good use. 好好运用你的记忆技巧。 go through 浏览；仔细查看；经历 Go through your notes before exams. 考试前浏览你的笔记。 keep…in mind 记住…… Keep these tips in mind. 记住这些技巧。 in one’s case 就某人的情况而言 In my case, taking notes helps me a lot. 就我而言，记笔记对我帮助很大。 happen to sb 发生在某人身上；碰巧 Something strange happened to me. 一件奇怪的事发生在我身上。 wear out 耗尽；磨损 Too much work will wear you out. 太多工作会耗尽你的精力。 二、核心语法精讲 定语从句（that /which/who） 本单元核心语法：由 that, which, who 引导的限制性定语从句 作用：修饰前面的名词，相当于中文 “…… 的”。被修饰的名词叫先行词；that /which/who 叫关系代词，连接主句和从句，在从句中充当主语或宾语。 1. who 指代人 1）作主语 The girl who has a good memory likes learning new things. 记忆力好的那个女孩喜欢学习新事物。 先行词 the girl 是人，who 在从句里做主语，不能省略。 2）作宾语 The man who you met is my grandpa. 你见到的那位男士是我的爷爷。 who 作宾语时，可以省略：The man you met is my grandpa. 2. which 指代物 1）作主语 The technique which helps us memorize words is useful. 帮助我们记单词的这个技巧很有用。 which 作主语，不能省略。 2）作宾语 The passage which we read is about memory. 我们读的那篇短文是关于记忆的。 which 作宾语，可以省略：The passage we read is about memory. 3. that 既可指人，也可指物 ①指物 = which The memory that lasts long is long‑term memory. 可以长久保存的记忆就是长期记忆。 ②指人 = who The student that took notes got good grades. 记笔记的那个学生取得了好成绩。 总结：关系代词作宾语时可以省略；作主语绝对不能省略。 二、只能用 that，不能用 which 的情况（考试高频） 1. 先行词是不定代词：all, everything, nothing, something 等 Everything that you learn will stay in your brain. 你所学的一切都会留存在你的大脑中。 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 This is the most effective way that I have known. 这是我所知道最有效的方法。 三、只能用 which，不能用 that 的情况 介词后面，只能用 which This is the method with which you can improve your memory. 这就是你可以用来提升记忆力的方法。 三、单元写作清单 一、必考写作题目 How to Improve Our Memory（如何提高记忆力） My Ways to Remember Things（我的记忆方法） 二、必背高分单词（作文专用） effective 有效的 technique 方法、技巧 memorize 记忆、熟记 recall 回忆 boost 提升、促进 divide 划分 fully 完全地 likely 可能的 三、作文万能短语（必须用上） short-term memory 短期记忆 long-term memory 长期记忆 divide…into… 把……分成 create clear images 构建画面 make an outline 列提纲 put … to good use 充分利用 keep … in mind 牢记 in my case 就我而言 四、满分句型（每篇作文至少用3句） 1. There is no one-size-fits-all way to improve our memory. 没有提升记忆力的万能方法。 2. It is likely that we will forget things without reviewing. 不复习的话我们很可能会遗忘。 3. One effective way to memorize things is to create pictures in our mind. 有效的记忆方法是在脑海中构建画面。 4. Good sleep and exercise can boost our memory. 充足睡眠和运动可以提升记忆力。 5. We can divide long information into small parts to remember better. 我们可以拆分内容帮助记忆。 五、加分语法（定语从句，必加！） 1. The ways that we use can help us remember things better. 我们使用的方法可以帮助我们更好记忆。 2. Students who have good habits usually have better memory. 有好习惯的学生通常记忆力更好。 六、万能写作结构（直接套） 开头 Memory is very important in our study and life. However, many of us easily forget what we have learned. Here are some useful ways to improve our memory. 中间（两点/三点式） To start with, we can divide long passages into small parts. It is a very effective technique. Besides, creating clear images in our mind helps us memorize things well. What’s more, enough sleep can boost our memory. 结尾 In my case, these methods work well. There is no one-size-fits-all way. If we keep practicing, our memory will become better and better. 七、扣分避雷清单（必看） 1. 不要写 discuss about（错误） 2. 定语从句不要加多余代词（that it 错！） 3. 不要写 I am likely to that…（错） 4. 字数控制 80–110 词 5. 每段用连接词：To start with / Besides / What’s more 八、满分范文（可直接默写） How to Improve Our Memory Memory plays an important role in our study. But sometimes we forget new things easily. Here are some effective ways to improve our memory. To start with, we can divide long information into small parts. It is a useful technique. Besides, we can create clear images in our mind when we learn new knowledge. What’s more, enough sleep can boost our memory. In my case, these methods help me a lot. There is no one-size-fits-all way. If we put good methods to good use, we will have better memory. 易错点01 who、which 指代搞错 【错因辨析】 who、which 指代搞错 who 只能指代人；which 只能指代物；that 人、物都可以 ❌ The book who I read is interesting. ✅ The book that /which I read is interesting. 易错点02 只用 that 不用 which 的两种情况 【错因辨析】 ①先行词是 all, everything, nothing 等不定代词 ✅ Everything that you learn is helpful. ②先行词有最高级、序数词修饰 ✅ This is the most effective way that I know. 易错点03 run out / run out of 两大易混 【错因辨析】 - run out （物作主语）用完，耗尽 Time has run out. 时间用完了。 - run out of（人作主语）用完…… I have run out of my energy. 我耗尽了精力。 ❌ I run out of time.（人做主语，正确） ❌ Time has run out of.（run out 无 of） 一、单项选择 1．It’s ________ to make outlines when you learn long texts. A．anxious B．effective C．sandy D．narrow 2．We will ________ a special lecture about how to improve our memory tomorrow. A．go through B．take on C．come across D．drop out of 3．________, drawing pictures can help us memorize difficult information. A．Above all B．To start with C．In addition D．With ease 4．You can ________ your spare time ________ to practice memory games. A．put; to good use B．keep; in mind C．divide; into D．run; out of 5．Many ________ have trouble remembering long passwords in daily life. A．thinkers B．grown-ups C．inventors D．villagers 6．Don’t use a one-size-fits-all learning method, it won’t ________ every learner’s need. A．memorize B．suit C．react D．organize 7．We should take notes ________ writing down every word. A．instead of B．because of C．thanks to D．as for 8．We should ________ the key points in mind all the time. A．keep B．boost C．wear D．recall 9．Daily review can stop short-term memory from ________ quickly after class. A．wearing out B．building up C．putting to good use D．going through 10．It is ________ that you will forget some small details over time. A．stable B．likely C．wholly D．widely 二、阅读理解 Not long ago, a photo of the football players in my college showed up on my phone as a “memory”, which was kept through the digital memory. I was surprised to see the photo at first and sweet memories flashed into my mind. In the photo, the players from the football team hugged together in excitement after they won the game. At that time, I took a photo of them with my phone. It recorded the friendship and the happiness. Then, I fell into the habit of taking photos of everything. More and more photos filled my phone so I almost forgot this photo. Thanks to the digital memory, I could enjoy the happy time again. People had to make an effort to record things in the past. But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory. We put what we want to remember into our smartphones. Most of the photos that I have kept on my phone—and in the cloud now—bring happy memories back to me. However, not all the digital memories are happy. Some are sad. When I see the photos of my lost pet, I am worried. Because they make me recall something I want to forget. Usually, digital memories are sent to me non-stop and without any human-like feelings. That drives me crazy. It’s hard to say clearly when the digital memory spread rapidly. These digital memories, whether happy or sad, break into our lives. In my job as a reporter, I have spent the past five years taking different photos. They will always be there, whatever. 11．How did the writer feel when he saw the photo at first? A．Excited. B．Afraid. C．Bored. D．Surprised. 12．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．The college. B．The photo taken by the writer. C．The football team. D．The game held long ago. 13．How do people record things easily now? A．By using smartphones. B．By valuing time. C．By creating memories with feelings. D．By developing good habits. 14．Why does the writer mention his lost pet? A．To hide some sadness in his life. B．To help people run away from the past. C．To show his dislike of some digital memories. D．To explain the digital memory is very easy to use. 15．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The photos on phones record the past for people. B．The players in the football team liked taking photos. C．People today have to remember lots of happy times. D．The digital memory started when the writer became a reporter. 三、单词拼写 16．You should try to ________ (记住) these English words by reading them aloud every morning. 17．I beg your ________ (原谅) for my rudeness. 18．This medicine will be ________ (有效的) for your cold. 19．The workers spent the whole morning checking the broken car ________（发动机）carefully. 20．The robbers tried hard to find out the ________ (密码，口令) to get into the cave. 四、完成句子 21．我想知道为什么有些人能过目不忘。 I wonder ________ some people ________ remember everything after reading once. 22．你能告诉我怎样有效地组织学习材料吗？ Can you tell me ________ to ________ study materials effectively? 23．她做了一场关于如何提升记忆力的演讲。 She gave a speech about ________ ________ ________ memory. 24．没人知道他的记忆力为什么在短时间内下降这么多。 No one knows ________ his memory ________ so much in a short time. 25．我记不住你让我买什么东西了。 I can’t remember ________ things you asked me ________ ________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Our Memory 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、名词： position /pəˈzɪʃn/ 位置；地方 例句：Can you remember the position of your wallet? 翻译：你能记起你钱包的位置吗。 sadness /ˈsædnəs/ 悲伤；难过 例句：Tears showed her deep sadness. 翻译：眼泪流露了她深深的悲伤。 chain /tʃeɪn/ 链条；一连串 例句：Memory works like a chain of stories. 翻译：记忆就像一连串故事。 lecture /ˈlektʃə(r)/ 讲座；讲课 例句：I learned many tips from the memory lecture. 翻译：我从这场记忆讲座中学到很多技巧。 grandson /ˈɡrænsʌn/ 孙子；外孙 例句：The old man told stories to his grandson. 翻译：老人给他的孙子讲故事。 case /keɪs/ 情况；实例 例句：In my case, I forget things easily. 翻译：就我的情况而言，我很容易忘事。 opera /ˈɒprə/ 歌剧 例句：We watched an opera last weekend. 翻译：上周末我们看了一场歌剧。 ticket /ˈtɪkɪt/ 票；入场券 例句：I can’t find my concert ticket. 翻译：我找不到我的音乐会门票。 wallet /ˈwɒlɪt/ 钱包 例句：He left his wallet at the airport. 翻译：他把钱包丢在机场了。 picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ 野餐 例句：I still recall our happy picnic. 翻译：我依然记得我们那次愉快的野餐。 airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ 机场 例句：We will meet you at the airport. 翻译：我们会在机场接你。 gunshot /ˈɡʌnʃɒt/ 枪声 例句：A loud gunshot broke the silence. 翻译：一声响亮的枪声打破了寂静。 technique /tekˈniːk/ 技巧；方法 例句：This is a useful memory technique. 翻译：这是一个实用的记忆技巧。 passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ 段落；短文 例句：Read the short passage and retell it. 翻译：读这篇短文并且复述它。 image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ 图像；画面 例句：Create a clear image in your mind. 翻译：在脑海中构建一个清晰画面。 graph /ɡrɑːf/ 图表；曲线图 例句：The graph shows our memory change. 翻译：这张图表展示我们记忆的变化。 engine /ˈendʒɪn/ 发动机 例句：The car’s engine makes strange noise. 翻译：这辆车的发动机发出奇怪声响。 fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ 燃料 例句：Mental energy needs fuel. 翻译：脑力需要能量供给。 address /əˈdres/ 地址 例句：Please write down your home address. 翻译：请写下你的家庭地址。 password /ˈpɑːswɜːd/ 密码；口令 例句：Don’t tell others your computer password. 翻译：不要把电脑密码告诉别人。 account /əˈkaʊnt/ 账户 例句：I forgot my online account. 翻译：我忘记了我的网上账户。 blood /blʌd/ 血；血液 例句：Blood runs through our bodies. 翻译：血液在我们身体里流动。 wound /wuːnd/ 伤口 例句：The small wound healed soon. 翻译：这个小伤口很快愈合。 mall /mɔːl/ 购物中心 例句：We met each other in the shopping mall. 翻译：我们在购物中心遇见彼此。 notebook /ˈnəʊtbʊk/ 笔记本 例句：Write important points in your notebook. 翻译：把重点写在你的笔记本上。 squirrel /ˈskwɪrəl/ 松鼠 例句：The squirrel keeps nuts for winter. 翻译：松鼠储存坚果过冬。 nut /nʌt/ 坚果 例句：Squirrels like eating nuts. 翻译：松鼠爱吃坚果。 dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/ 海豚 例句：The dolphin can recognize its friends. 翻译：海豚可以认出自己的同伴。 outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ 纲要；轮廓 例句：Make an outline before you retell. 翻译：复述之前列一个纲要。 boost /buːst/ 帮助；增长 例句：Sleep gives a boost to your memory. 翻译：睡眠对你的记忆有提升作用。 2、 动词： position /pəˈzɪʃn/ 安置；使处于 例句：He positioned the book on the desk. 翻译：他把书放在桌子上。 react /riˈækt/ 作出反应；回应 例句：Our brains react to different information. 翻译：我们的大脑对不同信息作出反应。 retell /ˌriːˈtel/ 复述；重述 例句：Try to retell the story in your own words. 翻译：试着用自己的话复述这个故事。 memorize /ˈmeməraɪz/ 记住；熟记 例句：It’s hard to memorize all new words in one day. 翻译：一天之内记住所有生词很难。 tick /tɪk/ 给…… 打钩 例句：Tick the correct answers on your paper. 翻译：在试卷上给正确答案打钩。 recall /rɪˈkɔːl/ 回忆起；回想起 例句：I cannot recall his name. 翻译：我想不起他的名字。 boost /buːst/ 促进；使增长 例句：Exercise can boost your brain power. 翻译：运动可以提升你的脑力。 discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论；谈论 例句：We will discuss memory problems in class. 翻译：我们将在课堂上讨论记忆问题。 view /vjuː/ 看；观看 例句：You can view the picture in your mind. 翻译：你可以在脑海中想象这幅画面。 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ 增加；增长 例句：Reading can increase our knowledge. 翻译：阅读可以增长我们的知识。 wound /wuːnd/ 使受伤 例句：The sharp stone wounded his hand. 翻译：锋利的石头弄伤了他的手。 recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ 辨认出；认可 例句：I did not recognize you at first. 翻译：我一开始没有认出你。 outline /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ 概述 例句：Please outline the main ideas of the text. 翻译：请概述文章的主要观点。 divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ 分成；划分 例句：Divide the long text into small parts. 翻译：把长文章划分成小片段。 pardon /ˈpɑːdn/ 原谅 例句：Please pardon my mistake. 翻译：请原谅我的过错。 三、形容词 adj. 1. stable /ˈsteɪbl/ 稳定的；稳固的 例句：We need a stable environment for study. 翻译：我们学习需要稳定的环境。 grown‑up /ˌɡrəʊnˈʌp/ 成年的 例句：He has grown‑up thinking. 翻译：他拥有成年人的思维。 short‑term /ˌʃɔːtˈtɜːm/ 短期的 例句：Short‑term memory disappears quickly. 翻译：短期记忆会很快消失。 long‑term /ˌlɒŋˈtɜːm/ 长期的 例句：We hope to get long‑term memory. 翻译：我们希望获得长期记忆。 likely /ˈlaɪkli/ 可能的 例句：It is likely that you will forget it soon. 翻译：你很可能很快就会忘记它。 effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ 有效的 例句：This is an effective learning way. 翻译：这是一种有效的学习方法。 wild /waɪld/ 野生的；自然生长的 例句：Some wild animals have good memory. 翻译：一些野生动物记忆力很好。 one‑size‑fits‑all /ˌwʌnsaɪzfɪtsˈɔːl/ 通用的 例句：There is no one‑size‑fits‑all way to remember things. 翻译：没有万能通用的记忆方法。 四、副词 adv. fully /ˈfʊli/ 完全地 例句：I cannot fully understand this rule. 翻译：我不能完全理解这条规则。 短 语 run out of sth 用完；耗尽 例句：I have run out of my energy. 翻译：我已经耗尽了精力。 mix up 混淆；弄乱 例句：Don’t mix up these two words. 翻译：不要把这两个单词弄混淆。 put sth to good use 有效利用某物 例句：Put your memory skills to good use. 翻译：好好运用你的记忆技巧。 go through 经历；仔细察看 例句：Go through your notes before the test. 翻译：考试前仔细浏览你的笔记。 happen to 发生于；碰巧 例句：Something strange happened to me yesterday. 翻译：昨天我遇到一件奇怪的事。 keep … in mind 记在心中；记住 例句：Keep these rules in mind. 翻译：记住这些规则。 in sb's case 就某人的情况而言 例句：In her case, music helps her remember things. 翻译：就她的情况来说，音乐帮助她记忆。 to start with 首先 例句：To start with, read the whole article. 翻译：首先，通读整篇文章。 wear out 磨损；耗尽 例句：Too much work will wear you out. 翻译：过多的工作会耗尽你的精力。 divide sth into 把某物分成…… 例句：Divide the cake into four pieces. 翻译：把蛋糕分成四份。 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1、 描述记忆与遗忘： I still clearly recall what happened on that day. 我依然清楚地回想起那天发生的事。 Sometimes it is hard for me to memorize new information. 有时候我很难记住新信息。 My short‑term memory is not very good, so I often forget small things. 我的短期记忆不太好，所以我经常忘记小事。 It’s likely that you will forget these facts soon without review. 如果不复习，你很可能很快就会忘掉这些知识点。 I can’t remember exactly where I put my things. 我记不清我把东西放在哪里了。 Some old memories stay in our long‑term memory for many years. 有些旧记忆会在我们的长期记忆中留存很多年。 二、交际口语句： Pardon? I didn’t catch what you said just now. 能再说一遍吗？我刚才没听清你说的话。 Could you retell the main idea in your own words? 你能用自己的话复述主要内容吗？ 三、谈论记忆技巧与学习方法： One effective way to improve memory is to create pictures in your mind. 提升记忆力的一个有效方法是在脑海中构建画面。 We can divide a long passage into small parts to remember it better. 我们可以把长段落划分成小段，更好地记住它。 Putting these skills to good use will help you learn faster. 好好运用这些技巧会帮你学得更快。 There is no one‑size‑fits‑all method for memory. 不存在万能通用的记忆方法。 To start with, you should make an outline before retelling the text. 首先，在复述课文前你应该列一个纲要。 Keeping important points in mind is helpful for your study. 把重点记在心里对你的学习很有帮助。 语法 定语从句（that /which/who） 写作 记忆 / 提高记忆力的方法 一、知识点精讲 run out (of) 用完；耗尽 run out：主语是物，无被动 Time has run out. 时间已经耗尽。 run out of：主语是人 I have run out of energy. 我已经耗尽精力。 mix up 混淆，弄乱 mix up A and B 把 A 和 B 混淆 Don’t mix up these two words. 不要把这两个单词弄混。 put sth to good use 充分利用某物 Put your memory skills to good use. 好好运用你的记忆技巧。 go through 浏览；仔细查看；经历 Go through your notes before exams. 考试前浏览你的笔记。 keep…in mind 记住…… Keep these tips in mind. 记住这些技巧。 in one’s case 就某人的情况而言 In my case, taking notes helps me a lot. 就我而言，记笔记对我帮助很大。 happen to sb 发生在某人身上；碰巧 Something strange happened to me. 一件奇怪的事发生在我身上。 wear out 耗尽；磨损 Too much work will wear you out. 太多工作会耗尽你的精力。 二、核心语法精讲 定语从句（that /which/who） 本单元核心语法：由 that, which, who 引导的限制性定语从句 作用：修饰前面的名词，相当于中文 “…… 的”。被修饰的名词叫先行词；that /which/who 叫关系代词，连接主句和从句，在从句中充当主语或宾语。 1. who 指代人 1）作主语 The girl who has a good memory likes learning new things. 记忆力好的那个女孩喜欢学习新事物。 先行词 the girl 是人，who 在从句里做主语，不能省略。 2）作宾语 The man who you met is my grandpa. 你见到的那位男士是我的爷爷。 who 作宾语时，可以省略：The man you met is my grandpa. 2. which 指代物 1）作主语 The technique which helps us memorize words is useful. 帮助我们记单词的这个技巧很有用。 which 作主语，不能省略。 2）作宾语 The passage which we read is about memory. 我们读的那篇短文是关于记忆的。 which 作宾语，可以省略：The passage we read is about memory. 3. that 既可指人，也可指物 ①指物 = which The memory that lasts long is long‑term memory. 可以长久保存的记忆就是长期记忆。 ②指人 = who The student that took notes got good grades. 记笔记的那个学生取得了好成绩。 总结：关系代词作宾语时可以省略；作主语绝对不能省略。 二、只能用 that，不能用 which 的情况（考试高频） 1. 先行词是不定代词：all, everything, nothing, something 等 Everything that you learn will stay in your brain. 你所学的一切都会留存在你的大脑中。 2. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰 This is the most effective way that I have known. 这是我所知道最有效的方法。 三、只能用 which，不能用 that 的情况 介词后面，只能用 which This is the method with which you can improve your memory. 这就是你可以用来提升记忆力的方法。 三、单元写作清单 一、必考写作题目 How to Improve Our Memory（如何提高记忆力） My Ways to Remember Things（我的记忆方法） 二、必背高分单词（作文专用） effective 有效的 technique 方法、技巧 memorize 记忆、熟记 recall 回忆 boost 提升、促进 divide 划分 fully 完全地 likely 可能的 三、作文万能短语（必须用上） short-term memory 短期记忆 long-term memory 长期记忆 divide…into… 把……分成 create clear images 构建画面 make an outline 列提纲 put … to good use 充分利用 keep … in mind 牢记 in my case 就我而言 四、满分句型（每篇作文至少用3句） 1. There is no one-size-fits-all way to improve our memory. 没有提升记忆力的万能方法。 2. It is likely that we will forget things without reviewing. 不复习的话我们很可能会遗忘。 3. One effective way to memorize things is to create pictures in our mind. 有效的记忆方法是在脑海中构建画面。 4. Good sleep and exercise can boost our memory. 充足睡眠和运动可以提升记忆力。 5. We can divide long information into small parts to remember better. 我们可以拆分内容帮助记忆。 五、加分语法（定语从句，必加！） 1. The ways that we use can help us remember things better. 我们使用的方法可以帮助我们更好记忆。 2. Students who have good habits usually have better memory. 有好习惯的学生通常记忆力更好。 六、万能写作结构（直接套） 开头 Memory is very important in our study and life. However, many of us easily forget what we have learned. Here are some useful ways to improve our memory. 中间（两点/三点式） To start with, we can divide long passages into small parts. It is a very effective technique. Besides, creating clear images in our mind helps us memorize things well. What’s more, enough sleep can boost our memory. 结尾 In my case, these methods work well. There is no one-size-fits-all way. If we keep practicing, our memory will become better and better. 七、扣分避雷清单（必看） 1. 不要写 discuss about（错误） 2. 定语从句不要加多余代词（that it 错！） 3. 不要写 I am likely to that…（错） 4. 字数控制 80–110 词 5. 每段用连接词：To start with / Besides / What’s more 八、满分范文（可直接默写） How to Improve Our Memory Memory plays an important role in our study. But sometimes we forget new things easily. Here are some effective ways to improve our memory. To start with, we can divide long information into small parts. It is a useful technique. Besides, we can create clear images in our mind when we learn new knowledge. What’s more, enough sleep can boost our memory. In my case, these methods help me a lot. There is no one-size-fits-all way. If we put good methods to good use, we will have better memory. 易错点01 who、which 指代搞错 【错因辨析】 who、which 指代搞错 who 只能指代人；which 只能指代物；that 人、物都可以 ❌ The book who I read is interesting. ✅ The book that /which I read is interesting. 易错点02 只用 that 不用 which 的两种情况 【错因辨析】 ①先行词是 all, everything, nothing 等不定代词 ✅ Everything that you learn is helpful. ②先行词有最高级、序数词修饰 ✅ This is the most effective way that I know. 易错点03 run out / run out of 两大易混 【错因辨析】 - run out （物作主语）用完，耗尽 Time has run out. 时间用完了。 - run out of（人作主语）用完…… I have run out of my energy. 我耗尽了精力。 ❌ I run out of time.（人做主语，正确） ❌ Time has run out of.（run out 无 of） 一、单项选择 1．It’s ________ to make outlines when you learn long texts. A．anxious B．effective C．sandy D．narrow 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你学习长篇文章时，列提纲是有效的。 根据“make outlines when you learn long texts”可知，列提纲是一种学习方法，推测出这种方法应该是有效的。anxious焦虑的；sandy含沙的；narrow狭窄的，均不符合语境。 2．We will ________ a special lecture about how to improve our memory tomorrow. A．go through B．take on C．come across D．drop out of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：明天我们将经历一个关于如何提高记忆力的特别讲座。 go through经历/参加；take on承担/呈现；come across偶然遇见；drop out of退出。根据句意表达“参加讲座”，“go through”在特定语境下可表示“参加（讲座/课程）”，且其他选项均不符合搭配。应填go through。 3．________, drawing pictures can help us memorize difficult information. A．Above all B．To start with C．In addition D．With ease 【答案】B 【详解】句意：首先，画画能帮助我们记忆难懂的信息。 Above all最重要的是；To start with首先；In addition此外；With ease轻松地。根据“drawing pictures can help us memorize difficult information.”，表达引出第一个论点或理由。应填To start with。 4．You can ________ your spare time ________ to practice memory games. A．put; to good use B．keep; in mind C．divide; into D．run; out of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以充分利用你的业余时间来练习记忆游戏。 put...to good use好好利用；keep...in mind把……记在心里；divide...into...把……分成……；run out of用完。根据“your spare time”可知，是要利用空闲时间，A项符合语境。 5．Many ________ have trouble remembering long passwords in daily life. A．thinkers B．grown-ups C．inventors D．villagers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多成年人在日常生活中很难记住长密码。 根据“have trouble remembering long passwords in daily life”可知，日常生活中经常需要处理各类账户且容易忘记密码的通常是成年人，thinkers思考者；inventors发明家；villagers村民。均不符合语境。 6．Don’t use a one-size-fits-all learning method, it won’t ________ every learner’s need. A．memorize B．suit C．react D．organize 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要使用一刀切的学习方法，它不会适合每个学习者的需求。 memorize记忆；suit适合；react反应；organize组织。根据“Don’t use a one-size-fits-all learning method”可知，一刀切的方法不能适用于所有人，结合“every learner’s need”可知此处指无法“适合”每个学习者的需求，应填suit。 7．We should take notes ________ writing down every word. A．instead of B．because of C．thanks to D．as for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该记笔记，而不是写下每一个单词。 instead of而不是；because of因为；thanks to多亏；as for关于。instead of是介词短语，后面接动词的-ing形式，题目中空格后正好是writing（动名词）。代入句子逻辑通顺：记重点笔记，而非逐字抄写。 8．We should ________ the key points in mind all the time. A．keep B．boost C．wear D．recall 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该一直把要点记在心里。 keep保持；boost促进；wear穿；recall回忆。根据固定搭配“keep...in mind”意为“牢记，把……记在心里”，符合语境。应填keep。 9．Daily review can stop short-term memory from ________ quickly after class. A．wearing out B．building up C．putting to good use D．going through 【答案】A 【详解】句意：日常复习可以阻止短期记忆在课后迅速消失。 wearing out磨损、耗尽；building up建立、增强；putting to good use充分利用；going through经历。根据“stop…from…”结构可知，此处指防止某种负面情况发生。日常复习是为了防止记忆消退，wear out在此处引申为记忆流失，符合语境；其他选项均为正面或中性动作，不符合逻辑。 10．It is ________ that you will forget some small details over time. A．stable B．likely C．wholly D．widely 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着时间的推移，你忘记一些小细节是可能的。 stable稳定的；likely可能的；wholly完全地；widely广泛地。根据句意及固定句型“It is likely that…”可知，此处表示“很可能……”，符合语境。应填likely。 二、阅读理解 Not long ago, a photo of the football players in my college showed up on my phone as a “memory”, which was kept through the digital memory. I was surprised to see the photo at first and sweet memories flashed into my mind. In the photo, the players from the football team hugged together in excitement after they won the game. At that time, I took a photo of them with my phone. It recorded the friendship and the happiness. Then, I fell into the habit of taking photos of everything. More and more photos filled my phone so I almost forgot this photo. Thanks to the digital memory, I could enjoy the happy time again. People had to make an effort to record things in the past. But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory. We put what we want to remember into our smartphones. Most of the photos that I have kept on my phone—and in the cloud now—bring happy memories back to me. However, not all the digital memories are happy. Some are sad. When I see the photos of my lost pet, I am worried. Because they make me recall something I want to forget. Usually, digital memories are sent to me non-stop and without any human-like feelings. That drives me crazy. It’s hard to say clearly when the digital memory spread rapidly. These digital memories, whether happy or sad, break into our lives. In my job as a reporter, I have spent the past five years taking different photos. They will always be there, whatever. 11．How did the writer feel when he saw the photo at first? A．Excited. B．Afraid. C．Bored. D．Surprised. 12．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．The college. B．The photo taken by the writer. C．The football team. D．The game held long ago. 13．How do people record things easily now? A．By using smartphones. B．By valuing time. C．By creating memories with feelings. D．By developing good habits. 14．Why does the writer mention his lost pet? A．To hide some sadness in his life. B．To help people run away from the past. C．To show his dislike of some digital memories. D．To explain the digital memory is very easy to use. 15．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．The photos on phones record the past for people. B．The players in the football team liked taking photos. C．People today have to remember lots of happy times. D．The digital memory started when the writer became a reporter. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文主要写了数字记忆既有留存美好回忆的好处，也会带来伤感回忆的烦恼，早已融入人们的生活。 【详解】11．根据第一段中“I was surprised to see the photo at first and sweet memories flashed into my mind.”可知，作者最初看到照片时感到惊讶。 12．根据第二段中“At that time, I took a photo of them with my phone. It recorded the friendship and the happiness.”可知，当时作者用手机给他们拍了一张照片。这张照片记录下了他们的友谊以及那份快乐。“It”指代的是作者用手机拍摄的那张照片。 13．根据第三段中“But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory. We put what we want to remember into our smartphones.”可知，现在人们能通过智能手机轻松记录事物。 14．根据第四段中“However, not all the digital memories are happy. Some are sad. When I see the photos of my lost pet, I am worried. Because they make me recall something I want to forget.”可知，作者提到失去的宠物是为了说明一些数字记忆会带来不愉快的回忆，从而表达他对这类数字记忆的不喜欢。 15．文章第三段指出“People had to make an effort to record things in the past. But now we can do something like that easily through the digital memory.”，说明手机上的照片为人们记录过去。 三、单词拼写 16．You should try to ________ (记住) these English words by reading them aloud every morning. 【答案】memorize 【详解】句意：你应该试着每天早上大声朗读这些英语单词来记住它们。本句中“try to”为固定搭配，意为“试图/努力做某事”，后接动词原形。括号内中文提示“记住”对应的英文单词为“memorize”。 17．I beg your ________ (原谅) for my rudeness. 【答案】pardon 【详解】句意：我为我的粗鲁请求你的原谅。根据中文提示“原谅”及固定搭配可知，此处是“beg one’s pardon”，表示“请求某人原谅”。 18．This medicine will be ________ (有效的) for your cold. 【答案】effective 【详解】句意：这种药对你的感冒会有效果。空处位于“be”动词之后，需填形容词作表语。“有效的”对应形容词effective，符合语境。 19．The workers spent the whole morning checking the broken car ________（发动机）carefully. 【答案】engine 【详解】句意：工人们花了一整个上午仔细检查这个故障汽车发动机。engine是名词，含义为“发动机；引擎”符合句意，the特指这辆故障汽车对应的那一台发动机，故用单数形式；car engine是常用搭配，表示“汽车发动机”。故填engine。 20．The robbers tried hard to find out the ________ (密码，口令) to get into the cave. 【答案】password 【详解】句意：强盗们努力想弄清楚进入山洞的密码。句中动词短语find out后需接名词充当宾语，括号中文提示为“密码，口令”；名词password表示“密码、口令”，符合本句语义。 四、完成句子 21．我想知道为什么有些人能过目不忘。 I wonder ________ some people ________ remember everything after reading once. 【答案】 why can 【详解】原句中“想知道为什么”、“能”是关键词。wonder后接宾语从句，表达原因用引导词why，在从句中作原因状语；“能够”使用情态动词can，放在主语some people之后、实义动词remember之前。故填why；can。 22．你能告诉我怎样有效地组织学习材料吗？ Can you tell me ________ to ________ study materials effectively? 【答案】 how organize 【详解】原句中“怎样”、“组织”是关键词。tell sb.后使用“疑问词+不定式”结构；表达“怎样”用疑问词how；“组织”对应的单词是organize，to后面使用动词原形。故填how；organize。 23．她做了一场关于如何提升记忆力的演讲。 She gave a speech about ________ ________ ________ memory. 【答案】 how to improve 【详解】原句中“如何提升”是关键词，“如何”译为疑问词how，“提升”译为动词improve。介词about后接“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，表示“如何做某事”，故填how to improve。 24．没人知道他的记忆力为什么在短时间内下降这么多。 No one knows ________ his memory ________ so much in a short time. 【答案】 why has declined/declined 【详解】原句中“为什么”和“下降”是关键词，No one knows后面接的是宾语从句，中文“为什么”对应连接词why。“下降”常用动词decline，动作“记忆力大幅下降”是已经发生、且最终造成了现在“没人知道原因”这个局面的完成状态，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，主语为第三人称，用现在完成时has declined；若仅描述过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时declined。 25．我记不住你让我买什么东西了。 I can’t remember ________ things you asked me ________ ________. 【答案】 what to buy 【详解】原句中“什么东西”和“买”是关键词，中文“什么东西”对应的英文常用表达为“what things”，题干已给出things，因此第一空填what；表示“买”的动词为buy，固定搭配“让某人做某事”，英文表达为ask sb. to do sth.。句中已给出asked me，因此后面接动词不定式，即to和buy。句中包含宾语从句，从句部分“what things you asked me to buy”作remember的宾语，使用陈述语序。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $