Unit 1 LIfe Choices 动词不定式（核心语法精练）英语北师大版必修第一册

**基本信息** 该专项以动词不定式为核心，通过“知识回顾-考点夯基-综合提升”三阶体系，系统梳理句法功能及时态语态变形，实现从概念理解到语境应用的语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|2表格（7功能+5变形）|句法功能分类（主/表/宾等）+时态语态变形规则|从基础用法到形式变化，构建完整知识网络| |考点夯基|单选6题+成分判断6题+填空5题|功能识别（成分判断）+形式应用（填空）|直接对应知识回顾，强化基础考点| |综合提升|语法填空2篇+阅读2篇+写作2篇|语境综合运用（语法填空）+功能语境判断（阅读）+表达输出（写作）|从单句到语篇，实现知识迁移与语言能力提升|

Unit 1 Life Choices 核心语法精练 （动词不定式） 目录 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、指出画线部分不定式在句中所作成分 3 三、用括号内动词的适当不定式形式填空 4 三、综合提升 4 一、语法填空 4 二、阅读理解 6 三、写作………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8 动词不定式核心用法 不定式句法功能 核心用法 典型例句 作主语 1. 不定式放句首作主语，谓语用单数 2. 常用 it 作形式主语，不定式后置（避免头重） ①To make new friends is my wish. ②It’s important to concentrate in class. 作表语 放在系动词后，说明主语内容 / 目标 My dream is to graduate from a key university. 作宾语 及物动词后接 to do 作宾语：want/hope/plan/decide/try 等 I plan to volunteer for after-school activities. 作宾语补足语 动词 + sb.+to do；否定式 tell/ask sb. not to do My teacher told me to form good habits. 作定语 不定式后置修饰名词，表 “要去做的……” I have a lot of homework to finish. 作状语 目的、原因、结果状语 To cut down pressure, I work out every day. 特殊结构：疑问词 + to do what/when/how/where + to do，可作主 / 宾 / 表 I don’t know how to balance study and hobbies. 不定式六种时态语态变形 形式 结构 例句 一般主动 to do I want to improve myself. 一般被动 to be done The task needs to be finished today. 进行式 to be doing He seems to be thinking about his plan. 完成主动 to have done I’m happy to have made progress. 完成被动 to have been done The work is said to have been completed. 一、单项选择（考查不定式功能与变形） 1. It’s a great chance ________ us to rise to the new challenges. A. for learn B. to learn C. learning D. learn 【答案】B 【解析】考查不定式作真正主语，固定句型 It’s +n.+for sb. to do sth.，不定式作后置真正主语，故选 B。 2. My ambition ________ to apply for a volunteer club. A. is B. to be C. to do D. being 【答案】A 【解析】考查不定式作表语，句子缺少系动词，主语 ambition 后用 to apply 作表语，完整结构 My ambition is to apply…，故选 A。 3. The teacher encouraged me ________ more confident every day. A. be B. being C. to be D. to being 【答案】C 【解析】考查不定式作宾补，固定搭配 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事，故选 C。 4. I have lots of plans ________ in advance before the new term. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 【答案】B 【解析】考查不定式作后置定语，plans to make 要制定的计划，不定式修饰名词表将来动作，故选 B。 5. She went to the library ________ look for books about life choices. A. so that B. in order to C. for D. because 【答案】B 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语，in order to do 用来表目的，故选 B。 6. He seemed ________ finish all homework before dinner. A. to have B. have C. having D. had 【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配 seem to do，此处表已完成动作用 to have done，故选 A。 二、指出画线部分不定式在句中所作成分 1. It is stressful to deal with heavy study pressure. 【答案】真正主语 【解析】it 为形式主语，to deal with heavy study pressure 是不定式作句子真正主语。 2. My biggest goal is to balance study and rest well. 【答案】表语 【解析】系动词 is 后不定式说明主语 goal 的内容，作表语。 3. I decide to volunteer to take part in school activities. 【答案】宾语 【解析】及物动词 decide 后接不定式作宾语。 4. My parents told me not to be addicted to short videos. 【答案】宾语补足语 【解析】动词 me 为宾语，not to be addicted 补充说明宾语的状态，作宾补。 5. I have many good habits to form in senior high. 【答案】后置定语 【解析】不定式 to form 修饰前面名词 habits，表 “要养成的习惯”。 6. She gets up early to make plans every morning. 【答案】目的状语 【解析】不定式表早起的目的，在句中作目的状语。 三、用括号内动词的适当不定式形式填空 1. It’s important ________ (concentrate) on teachers’ words in class. 【答案】to concentrate 【解析】it 作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。 2. Her wish ________ (graduate) from a famous university comes true. 【答案】to graduate 【解析】不定式作后置定语修饰 wish。 3. The coach asks us ________ (not give) up when facing challenges. 【答案】not to give 【解析】ask sb. not to do 不定式否定作宾补。 4. He is happy ________ (make) great progress these days. 【答案】to have made 【解析】动作先于 is 发生，用不定式完成式 to have done。 5. We need something ________ (cut) down our study stress. 【答案】to cut 【解析】不定式作后置定语修饰 something。 一、语法填空（25-26 高一上・单元检测） Passage A（25-26 高一上・单元检测） 阅读短文，填入一个合适单词或括号内动词不定式正确形式 As a new freshman, I try my best 1.________ (keep) a balanced life. I choose 2.________ (volunteer) for after-school groups 3.________ reduce my pressure. I have lots of tasks 4.________ (finish) every day. My teacher told me 5.________ (be) more responsible and reminded me 6.________ not waste time on short videos. It’s necessary 7.________ form good habits 8.________ face new challenges bravely. I feel lucky 9.________ (meet) such kind teachers, and I plan 10.________ (make) full use of my three years here. 【答案】 1．to keep 2．to volunteer 3．to 4．to finish 5．to be 6．to 7．to 8．to 9．to have met 10．to make 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以高一新生视角，运用不定式描写高中适应生活，讲述平衡作息、参与志愿、直面学业挑战的日常，全面考查不定式作状语、宾语、宾补、定语、完成式、形式主语六大考点。 1．考查不定式作目的状语，固定搭配 try one’s best to do sth. 意为 “尽某人最大努力做某事”，不定式作目的状语，故填 to keep。 2．考查不定式作宾语，动词 choose 后只能接不定式作宾语，固定结构 choose to do sth. “选择做某事”，故填 to volunteer。 3．考查不定式作目的状语，空格后 reduce 是动词原形，不定式用来表示 “加入社团” 的目的是减压，故填 to。 4．考查不定式作后置定语，名词 tasks 是动作 “完成” 的逻辑宾语，不定式后置修饰名词，表 “待完成的任务”，故填 to finish。 5．考查不定式作宾语补足语，固定搭配 tell sb. to do sth. “告诉某人做某事”，不定式补充说明宾语 me 的动作，作宾补，故填 to be。 6．考查不定式否定结构 remind sb. not to do sth. “提醒某人不要做某事”，否定词 not 后仍需要不定式符号 to，故填 to。 7．考查 it 作形式主语固定句型 It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.，真正主语是后面不定式短语，故填 to。 8．考查不定式作目的状语，不定式表 “养成好习惯” 的目的是勇敢迎接挑战，故填 to。 9．考查不定式完成式 to have done，动作 “遇见和蔼的老师” 发生在主句 feel lucky（现在感到幸运）之前，动作存在先后顺序，需要用不定式完成式，故填 to have met。 10．考查不定式作宾语，动词 plan 后接不定式作宾语，plan to do sth. “计划做某事”，故填 to make。 Passage B（25-26 高一上・月考提升模拟） 阅读短文，填入一个合适单词或括号内动词不定式正确形式 It is important 1.________ (build) good learning habits as high school students. I decide 2.________ (apply) useful study methods 3.________ improve my grades. I have many difficulties 4.________ (deal) with at first. My head teacher encouraged me 5.________ (concentrate) on every class and warned me 6.________ spend too much time online. I’m glad 7.________ (receive) so much useful advice. I prepare 8.________ (organise) my daily schedule 9.________ stay under less pressure. I hope 10.________ become more confident step by step. 【答案】 1．to build 2．to apply 3．to 4．to deal 5．to concentrate 6．not to 7．to have received 8．to organise 9．to 10．to 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕高中生学习习惯展开，侧重不定式作形式主语、宾语、宾补、后置定语、目的状语、完成式综合考点，结合本单元 balance、concentrate、schedule 等核心词汇命题。 1．考查 it 作形式主语句型 It’s important to do sth.，不定式 to build 是句子真正主语，故填 to build。 2．考查不定式作宾语，decide to do sth. 固定搭配，不定式作动词 decide 的宾语，故填 to apply。 3．考查不定式作目的状语，运用学习方法的目的是提高成绩，不定式表目的，故填 to。 4．考查不定式后置定语，名词 difficulties 是 deal with 的逻辑宾语，不定式后置修饰名词，表 “需要处理的难题”，故填 to deal。 5．考查不定式作宾补，encourage sb. to do sth. “鼓励某人做某事”，不定式补充宾语 me 的动作，作宾补，故填 to concentrate。 6．考查不定式否定结构 warn sb. not to do sth. “警告某人不要做某事”，空格缺少不定式符号 to，故填 not to。 7．考查不定式完成式 to have done，“收到老师建议” 发生在主句 I’m glad 之前，动作有先后，用完成式，故填 to have received。 8．考查不定式作宾语，prepare to do sth. “准备做某事”，不定式作 prepare 的宾语，故填 to organise。 9．考查不定式作目的状语，整理日程的目的是减少压力，不定式表目的，故填 to。 10．考查不定式作宾语，hope to do sth. “希望做某事”，不定式作 hope 的宾语，故填 to。 二、阅读理解 Passage A（基础配套阅读） Many teenagers find it hard to deal with heavy study pressure. To stay energetic every day, they need to form regular learning and workout habits. Some students choose to join colourful school clubs to relax themselves after class. Teachers often encourage them to make plans in advance so they won’t stay up late for homework. It’s a great way to balance study and hobbies. If you have lots of worries to solve in daily life, you can talk to your teachers to get practical advice. 1. 文中 “To stay energetic” 在句中充当什么句子成分？ A. 主语 B. 目的状语 C. 后置定语 D. 宾语补足语 【答案】B 【解析】不定式短语置于句首，用来引出后文 “养成运动学习习惯” 的目的，解释动作的用意，在整句话中作目的状语，故选 B。 2. 短语 “worries to solve” 中不定式 to solve 修饰哪个名词？ A. teachers B. plans C. worries D. hobbies 【答案】C 【解析】不定式 to solve 后置修饰前面名词 worries，含义为 “需要去解决的烦恼”，不定式作后置定语，修饰先行名词 worries，故选 C。 3. 固定结构 “find it hard to deal with” 中 it 的语法功能是？ A. 真正宾语 B. 形式宾语 C. 主语 D. 定语 【答案】B 【解析】固定句型 find + it + 形容词 + to do，it 为形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式短语 to deal with heavy study pressure，故选 B。 Passage B（提升配套阅读） It takes time to rise to all new challenges in senior high. To become more responsible for our choices, we should volunteer to take part in different after-school activities. Many students plan to cut down screen time to avoid being addicted to short videos. Our head teacher tells us to concentrate on textbooks to make great progress. We have many valuable chances to improve ourselves if we make full use of spare time to learn new skills. 1. “to rise to all new challenges” 在句型 It takes time to… 中作？ A. 真正主语 B. 目的状语 C. 定语 D. 宾补 【答案】A 【解析】句型 It takes + 时间 + to do，it 是形式主语，后面不定式 to rise to… 是句子真正主语，故选 A。 2. “to improve ourselves” 修饰前面哪个名词？ A. chances B. skills C. videos D. textbooks 【答案】A 【解析】不定式 to improve 后置修饰名词 chances，意为 “提升自我的机会”，作后置定语，故选 A。 3. “to avoid being addicted to short videos” 在句中作？ A. 主语 B. 目的状语 C. 表语 D. 同位语 【答案】B 【解析】前文 “减少刷手机时间” 的目的是避免沉迷短视频，不定式表动作目的，作目的状语，故选 B。 三、应用文写作 Writing 1 书信（基础篇） 假定你是李华，给英国笔友 Tom 介绍我的高中学习生活规划，要求不少于 6 处动词不定式 范文 Dear Tom, I’m writing to share my whole study plan for senior high with you. It’s very important for me to form good learning habits from the very first day. I decide to volunteer to take all kinds of after-school activities to cut down heavy study pressure. I have plenty of clear goals to achieve in the next three years, such as to concentrate carefully on every lesson and to balance my study and spare-time hobbies. My teacher told me not to be addicted to short videos which waste plenty of time. I’m fully ready to rise to all new challenges to make steady progress little by little. I also hope to make more friendly classmates to talk with when I feel anxious. Yours, Li Hua 不定式标注 to form / to volunteer / to take / to cut / to achieve / to concentrate / to balance / not to be / to rise / to make / to make 词数：112 Writing 2 演讲稿（提升篇） 主题 My Ways to Face High School Challenges，要求大量不定式综合运用 范文 Dear classmates, It’s my great honour to stand here and share my ways to face high school challenges. It takes lots of efforts to adjust ourselves to busy high school life. We need to learn to organise our daily schedule to keep a balanced lifestyle. I choose to take part in volunteer work to reduce my stress and learn to communicate with more students. We have many useful skills to master if we try our best to listen carefully in class. Our teachers encourage us to make plans in advance to avoid staying up late. We must learn to be responsible for every choice we make and refuse to waste time on meaningless online short videos. I believe we all have enough courage to fight for our bright future step by step. Thank you! 不定式标注 to stand / to face / to adjust / to organise / to keep / to take / to reduce / to master / to listen / to make / to avoid / to be / to waste / to fight 词数：136 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Life Choices 核心语法精练 （动词不定式） 目录 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、单项选择 2 二、指出画线部分不定式在句中所作成分 2 三、用括号内动词的适当不定式形式填空 3 三、综合提升 3 一、语法填空 3 二、阅读理解 4 三、写作 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5 动词不定式核心用法 不定式句法功能 核心用法 典型例句 作主语 1. 不定式放句首作主语，谓语用单数 2. 常用 it 作形式主语，不定式后置（避免头重） ①To make new friends is my wish. ②It’s important to concentrate in class. 作表语 放在系动词后，说明主语内容 / 目标 My dream is to graduate from a key university. 作宾语 及物动词后接 to do 作宾语：want/hope/plan/decide/try 等 I plan to volunteer for after-school activities. 作宾语补足语 动词 + sb.+to do；否定式 tell/ask sb. not to do My teacher told me to form good habits. 作定语 不定式后置修饰名词，表 “要去做的……” I have a lot of homework to finish. 作状语 目的、原因、结果状语 To cut down pressure, I work out every day. 特殊结构：疑问词 + to do what/when/how/where + to do，可作主 / 宾 / 表 I don’t know how to balance study and hobbies. 不定式六种时态语态变形 形式 结构 例句 一般主动 to do I want to improve myself. 一般被动 to be done The task needs to be finished today. 进行式 to be doing He seems to be thinking about his plan. 完成主动 to have done I’m happy to have made progress. 完成被动 to have been done The work is said to have been completed. 一、单项选择（考查不定式功能与变形） 1. It’s a great chance ________ us to rise to the new challenges. A. for learn B. to learn C. learning D. learn 2. My ambition ________ to apply for a volunteer club. A. is B. to be C. to do D. being 3. The teacher encouraged me ________ more confident every day. A. be B. being C. to be D. to being 4. I have lots of plans ________ in advance before the new term. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 5. She went to the library ________ look for books about life choices. A. so that B. in order to C. for D. because 6. He seemed ________ finish all homework before dinner. A. to have B. have C. having D. had 二、指出画线部分不定式在句中所作成分 1. It is stressful to deal with heavy study pressure. 2. My biggest goal is to balance study and rest well. 3. I decide to volunteer to take part in school activities. 4. My parents told me not to be addicted to short videos. 5. I have many good habits to form in senior high. 6. She gets up early to make plans every morning. 三、用括号内动词的适当不定式形式填空 1. It’s important ________ (concentrate) on teachers’ words in class. 2. Her wish ________ (graduate) from a famous university comes true. 3. The coach asks us ________ (not give) up when facing challenges. 4. He is happy ________ (make) great progress these days. 5. We need something ________ (cut) down our study stress. 一、语法填空（25-26 高一上・单元检测） Passage A（25-26 高一上・单元检测） 阅读短文，填入一个合适单词或括号内动词不定式正确形式 As a new freshman, I try my best 1.________ (keep) a balanced life. I choose 2.________ (volunteer) for after-school groups 3.________ reduce my pressure. I have lots of tasks 4.________ (finish) every day. My teacher told me 5.________ (be) more responsible and reminded me 6.________ not waste time on short videos. It’s necessary 7.________ form good habits 8.________ face new challenges bravely. I feel lucky 9.________ (meet) such kind teachers, and I plan 10.________ (make) full use of my three years here. Passage B（25-26 高一上・月考提升模拟） 阅读短文，填入一个合适单词或括号内动词不定式正确形式 It is important 1.________ (build) good learning habits as high school students. I decide 2.________ (apply) useful study methods 3.________ improve my grades. I have many difficulties 4.________ (deal) with at first. My head teacher encouraged me 5.________ (concentrate) on every class and warned me 6.________ spend too much time online. I’m glad 7.________ (receive) so much useful advice. I prepare 8.________ (organise) my daily schedule 9.________ stay under less pressure. I hope 10.________ become more confident step by step. 二、阅读理解 Passage A（基础配套阅读） Many teenagers find it hard to deal with heavy study pressure. To stay energetic every day, they need to form regular learning and workout habits. Some students choose to join colourful school clubs to relax themselves after class. Teachers often encourage them to make plans in advance so they won’t stay up late for homework. It’s a great way to balance study and hobbies. If you have lots of worries to solve in daily life, you can talk to your teachers to get practical advice. 1. 文中 “To stay energetic” 在句中充当什么句子成分？ A. 主语 B. 目的状语 C. 后置定语 D. 宾语补足语 2. 短语 “worries to solve” 中不定式 to solve 修饰哪个名词？ A. teachers B. plans C. worries D. hobbies 3. 固定结构 “find it hard to deal with” 中 it 的语法功能是？ A. 真正宾语 B. 形式宾语 C. 主语 D. 定语 Passage B（提升配套阅读） It takes time to rise to all new challenges in senior high. To become more responsible for our choices, we should volunteer to take part in different after-school activities. Many students plan to cut down screen time to avoid being addicted to short videos. Our head teacher tells us to concentrate on textbooks to make great progress. We have many valuable chances to improve ourselves if we make full use of spare time to learn new skills. 1. “to rise to all new challenges” 在句型 It takes time to… 中作？ A. 真正主语 B. 目的状语 C. 定语 D. 宾补 2. “to improve ourselves” 修饰前面哪个名词？ A. chances B. skills C. videos D. textbooks 3. “to avoid being addicted to short videos” 在句中作？ A. 主语 B. 目的状语 C. 表语 D. 同位语 三、应用文写作 Writing 1 书信（基础篇） 假定你是李华，给英国笔友 Tom 介绍我的高中学习生活规划，要求不少于 6 处动词不定式 Writing 2 演讲稿（提升篇） 主题 My Ways to Face High School Challenges，要求大量不定式综合运用 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $