内容正文:
Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 精品讲义2027春季高一(下)英语新教材人教版必修三
第9讲 节日体验短文写作(教师版)
读结构:三幕骨架与时间顺序
【课时安排】
本讲为 Unit 1 Reading for Writing"节日体验短文写作"第1课时,建议用时1—2课时。本讲聚焦"读",解决"节日体验短文长什么样、骨架怎么搭、衔接怎么连";第10讲聚焦"写",解决"怎么写活、怎么成文"。两讲一读一写,先后递进,但各自独立可上。
【学习目标】
1. 能按"引入—展开—收束"三幕划分节日体验短文的段落结构,并说出每幕承担的功能;
2. 能识别并运用 first、then、after that 等时间顺序词,使节日活动叙述有先后逻辑;
3. 能提炼"活动+感受"双行句式,并仿照三幕骨架搭建一段节日体验。
一、撞墙导入:这页"流水账"差在哪
【测试材料·一段平淡的春节】
I went to my grandparents’ home. We had a big dinner. We set off fireworks. We watched TV. We ate dumplings. Then we went home. I had a good time.
【点拨】
先读这段写春节的文字。它有没有先后顺序?有——先到、吃饭、放炮、看电视,顺序不差。可读完什么感觉?像不像一份"活动清单"?能记住任何一个具体的画面吗?几乎不能。情绪呢?只有最后一句干巴巴的 I had a good time,空泛得可以套到任何一次聚会。
这段文字的毛病,是“只有活动,没有层次结构,没有感受”。活动虽然按先后排着(有 Then 做时间标记),但全被压在同一层上,读者分不清哪个是背景、哪个是核心、哪个是收尾。“有先后”不等于“有结构”——结构要能区分事件的主次和功能。它把所有事拉成一条线,读者只看到“做了什么”,看不到“现场什么样、我当时什么感受”。节日体验短文要让人“看见画面、感到情绪”,而这一切,得先从一个清晰的骨架开始。
【判断·哪句最有骨架】
此处"骨架"指一句话能否同时交代"先后顺序""具体动作""画面/情绪"三个要素,三者齐全则骨架清晰。
A. We had dinner and watched TV.
B. After the big family dinner, we set off fireworks in the yard, our laughter echoing in the cold night air.
C. We did many things at Spring Festival.
选 B。
(1)为何不选A:A的两个动作由"and"连接,英语中"and"不表示先后,只表示并列,读者无法判断"先吃饭还是先看电视",这是学生写作中最常见的时间逻辑混乱。
(2)为何不选C:C句"We did many things"是对事件的总结而非呈现。学生易将此类"总括句"误认为"展开句",实则总括句只能用在引入(预告下文)或收束(回顾全文)处,不能替代具体活动描写。它没有交代"做了什么事"的具体动作,也没有画面或情绪,因此不属于"骨架清晰"的句子。
【过渡】从"流水账"到"三幕结构":为什么需要三幕?
“撞墙导入”指出的问题是“没有结构、没有感受”。但学生还得想明白:三幕结构为什么能治流水账?病根在“事件层级”的缺失——不是所有活动都同等重要,文章要区分“背景事件”(引入)、“核心事件”(展开)和“收束事件”(收束)。三幕结构就是对事件的层级管理,而不只是分段。有了层级,读者才知道“先看到什么、再看到什么、最后记住什么”。这条逻辑链,把“流水账之病”和“三幕之药”接了起来。
二、精讲:节日体验短文的三幕骨架
【核心知识】三幕结构
节日体验短文,写的是"我参加/庆祝一个节日的亲身经历",说到底是一篇第一人称的记叙文。绝大多数这类短文都走同一个"三幕"结构:引入—展开—收束。这三幕不是可有可无的格式,而是三件不同的事:让读者知道是什么、带读者经历一遍、告诉读者这段经历意味着什么。缺了任何一幕,文章要么像没头没尾,要么像半截话。
第一幕·引入(Introduction)
任务:交代背景——何时、何地、何事。让读者一上来就知道"我去参加了一个什么节日、在什么时候、在什么地方、是第几次"。这一幕最省篇幅,一两句就够,但信息要齐。
最常见的开头是把节日名称、时间、地点、次数压进一句话。教材范文的开头就是典范:I experienced the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for the first time this year. 一句话同时给出节日(Naadam Festival)、地点(Inner Mongolia)、次数(for the first time)、时间(this year),一个信息都不浪费。
写节日时间有个高频表达值得记:The festival falls on + 具体日期。fall on 在这里是"(节日)落在、恰逢某天",比 is on 更地道,也常作为语法填空的考点(注意 fall 的过去式 fell)。例如:The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. 中文里"这个节日在农历六月初四"用英语就是 The festival falls on the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar。
第二幕·展开(Body)
任务:写活动,按时间推进,每个活动后面跟"感受"。这是篇幅最大、最出彩的一幕,也是阅卷老师主要看的部分。这一幕有两个层次要同时做到。
第一层是"先后":活动要按时间顺序一件件写,用 first、then、after that、finally 这类时间词把先后标清楚。没有这些词,活动再多也像堆在一起,读者分不清哪件在先哪件在后。
第二层是"活动+感受":每次写一个活动,紧跟着写"我当时的情绪或评价",形成一对双行。只写活动不写感受,就是开头那段流水账;只在结尾写一句 I had a good time,是"感受没落地"。真正的做法是让感受跟着具体事件走。
教材范文里这层做得极清楚。写摔跤:"Mongolian wrestling is different from the wrestling in the Olympic Games. There are no rounds, and wrestlers are not separated by weight. The wrestler loses if any part of his body above his knee touches the ground."这是活动细节,具体到"规则"。紧接着写感受:"I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace."——被他们力与美的展示打动了。活动与感受一一咬合。
易错点:farther与further——farther指距离"更远",further多指抽象意义的"更进一步"。赛马跑得更远用farther。
【补充:感受的三种落点方式】
学生知道"要有感受",但不知道"感受可以放在哪里"。感受有三种落点方式:
(1)感受直接嵌入活动句:如"I was surprised to see that the riders were boys and girls!"——"surprised"直接嵌入活动句中,感受与活动融为一体。
(2)感受单独成句跟在活动句后:如教材范文"Mongolian wrestling is different from..."(活动细节)紧接"I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace."(感受单独成句)。
(3)感受通过动作描写间接体现:如"our laughter echoing in the cold night air"——不直说"快乐",但笑声已传达。这是一种高级写法,用画面暗示情绪,而非直白地说"I was happy"。
为便于教师在课堂上示范"间接描写"的具体应用,补充一个贴近学生生活的例句:As we bit into the sweet mooncakes, the warm aroma of osmanthus filled the air, and my grandmother's smile seemed to brighten the whole yard. 此句不写happy,而是通过气味(osmanthus aroma)和视觉细节(grandmother's smile)传递温馨感受,属于高阶的间接描写写法。
高阶写法还可以借助生理反应或视觉细节来暗示情绪,让学生从"只会说happy/surprised"过渡到"用画面表达情绪"。例如:My eyes widened as I watched the riders soar past — I had never seen anything so breathtaking.(视觉描写表惊讶);My heart raced when the starting horn blew, and my hands trembled as I held the lantern.(生理描写表紧张/期待)。这类句型的共同点是:不出现happy/sad/excited等情绪词,而是通过身体反应或画面细节让读者"感受到"情绪。
写作中可灵活选用:低阶用(2),中阶用(1),高阶用(3)。三种方式交替使用,文章会更有层次感。
第三幕·收束(Ending)
任务:对整段经历做总体评价,可加意义或对未来的期待。这一幕最容易被人忽略——很多人写完活动就停了,文章像没结尾。收束是"得分点":没有它,前面写得再好也显得没收口。
收束最常见的两种写法。一种是"总体感受加评价":教材范文结尾 I’m finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it.——先是回到家、很累这个收尾的动作,再用 worth it 给整段经历一个总评价。另一种是"对未来的期待":He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and eat hot pot. I can’t wait! 用 can’t wait(迫不及待)把情绪延伸到未来。
'Worth it'是高考高频考点。worth的用法常见三种:①be worth it(值得,it指代这段经历);②be worth doing(值得做,doing用主动表被动);③be well worth+名词。写作中最实用的是①和②,例如The trip was well worth the effort. 与 This festival is well worth experiencing. 注意worth后接doing,不接to do,这是学生最容易踩的坑。
【点拨】三幕的篇幅比例
三幕不是平均用力。引入段:1—2句,只交代"何时·何地·何事",不做具体描写;展开段:可以写3—6段(视活动数量和细节程度而定),每段写1个主要活动+该活动带来的感受,且活动按时间顺序排列;收束段:1—2句,对整体经历做评价,不再引入新活动。判断一篇文章的三幕分得清不清楚,就看你能否一眼指出"哪句是引入、哪句是展开、哪句是收束"。分不清,说明结构松散。
有个细节要说清楚:"三幕"是逻辑结构,不等于"三段"。具体写几段取决于你选了几个核心活动,但每一段都必须服务于"展开"这一核心功能。有的学生只选一个核心活动,展开部分写两段也完全合理;有的学生选了三个活动,展开部分可能写三到四段。关键不在于"分了几段",而在于每一段是否承担了明确的功能——是引入背景、展开活动,还是收束评价。
【精讲】时间顺序词全表
时间顺序词是把"先后"讲清楚的工具,也是阅卷"衔接连贯"的采分点。与其死记硬背分类表,不如掌握一个"选择流程",按步骤判断该用哪个词。
这里需要明确一个关键关系:"三幕结构"决定文章的宏观走向(去哪儿),而时间顺序词则是连接各个站点(活动)的路标。三幕是骨架,时间顺序词是粘合剂——二者不是并列关系,而是"结构"与"衔接"的关系。引入幕不一定用First,也可以用On the day;收束幕不一定用Finally,也可以用Looking back。学生只有厘清这一分工,才不会机械地把"引入=first,展开=then…,收束=finally"一一对应。
【时间顺序词的选择流程】
步骤一:判断该词引导的时间是"独立时间点"还是"相对于前一件事的时间"。
判断依据:若为独立时间点,优先选具体时间表达(On the first day / In the afternoon等)或first;若为相对时间,进入步骤二。
步骤二:判断该"相对时间"在叙事中的功能是"同一事件链上的自然推进"、"打断/转折",还是"收束"。
判断依据:若为自然推进,选then / after that / next;若为打断/转折,选suddenly / meanwhile等(常见误区:用then表达同时发生,这是错误的,then只表示"然后",不表示"同时");若为收束,选finally / in the end。
步骤三:检查该句主语是否有变化。
判断依据:若有变化,优先用时间状语从句(when / as / after + 句子)而非单一时间词(因为单一时间词容易产生"同一主语继续做下一件事"的歧义)。例如:When the moon rose(主语从"我们"变为"月亮"),比When we...更清晰。 具体而言,"Then we watched the moon"隐含主语仍为"我们",是"我们"继续做下一件事;而"When the moon rose"主语变为"月亮",表示"我们"是在外部事件发生时才行动,这两者的逻辑关系是不同的。因此,当主语发生变化时,使用时间状语从句能更清晰地表达事件间的逻辑关系,避免单一时间词带来的歧义。
步骤四:全文至少检查一次,确保所有时间词不重复使用超过两次。
判断依据:first可以用一次,then可以用一次,after that可以用一次,之后必须换表达。例如:First we had dinner. Then we set off fireworks. After that, we watched TV. Finally, we went home.(四个时间词各用一次,不重复。)
【at first 的特殊用法】
at first 常和后面的 but later 呼应,表"起初……但后来……",是一组对比,不是单纯的顺序。比如 at first I was a little worried about the children's safety, but later I realized they were born on horseback——起初担心,后来明白,一个转折就把情绪写活了。教材范文里正是用 At first 引出了"担心孩子安全"这个感受,再借 Burin 的话化解。
【判断·时间词在句中的功能】
判断下列句子中的时间词属于"引入""展开""收束"中的哪一种,并说明判断依据。每题提供正确判断和常见错误判断。
① At first, I was a little worried about the children's safety, but later I realized they were born on horseback.
正确判断:展开。判断依据:该句出现在叙事中间,"At first"引出"起初担心"这个情绪,与后文"but later"呼应,属于对比式时间词,功能是"打断/转折",不属于引入的开头。
常见错误判断:引入。错误理由:学生看到"At first"就认为它是"引入",但"at first"在本句中不是开篇第一件事,而是引出"起初担心"的对比情绪,与"but later"成对出现。
② Finally, we sat down to enjoy the mooncakes together, feeling the warmth of the family.
正确判断:收束。判断依据:"Finally"出现在叙事结尾,表示"最后",是对整段经历的最后动作,起收束作用。
常见错误判断:展开。错误理由:学生可能认为"Finally"只是表示顺序的最后一个步骤,属于展开。但"Finally"的功能是收尾,出现在最后动作之前,标志叙事即将结束。
③ After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon.
正确判断:展开。判断依据:"After that"承接上文,表示"在那之后",是叙事中间的自然推进,属于展开部分的承接词。
常见错误判断:引入。错误理由:学生可能认为"After that"只是时间词,不知道它的具体功能是"承接上文",属于展开内部的推进词,不是引入。
三、实战:给范文画一张结构图
【测试材料·教材范文】
My Amazing Naadam Experience
I experienced the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for the first time this year.
The festival falls on the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, usually lasting for three days. Naadam means "games" in Mongolian, and it is represented by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch!
On the first day, I set off to the games early with my friend Burin. I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes. Some were feeding their horses, some were practising archery, and others were chatting or taking photographs. Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the festival, just as their ancestors had done for centuries.
After the opening ceremony and some amazing performances, the wrestling competition began. Mongolian wrestling is different from the wrestling in the Olympic Games. There are no rounds, and wrestlers are not separated by weight. The wrestler loses if any part of his body above his knee touches the ground. After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles. I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace.
I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. However, I was surprised to see that the riders were boys and girls! I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther. At first, I was a little worried about the children’s safety, but Burin said, "Don’t worry. They’ve been riding horses all their lives. They’ll be just fine." That was the moment I started to understand why people say "Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture."
I’m finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and eat hot pot. I can’t wait!
【任务一·划幕】
把这篇短文分成"引入、展开、收束"三幕,指出每幕大致从哪句到哪句。(标题不计入正文三幕划分,正文从"I experienced..."开始。请以正文第一句为第一幕起点。)
引入:第2—3段(交代节日、地点、时间、含义与三大赛事);展开:第4—6段(按第一天、开幕式后、之后依次写所见与感受);收束:第7段(总体评价 worth it + 对未来的期待 can’t wait)。
怎么想到的?先看段落功能,不看长短。开头两段只"交代背景、介绍节日",没有具体事件,是引入;中间三段按"第一天—开幕式后—之后"一步步写活动,事件和感受交替,是展开;最后一段先总评再期待,是收束。段落功能的判断依据,就是"这段在做什么事"。
【任务二·找时间词】
圈出文中所有表时间顺序的词。
On the first day、After the opening ceremony、After singing some songs、At first、finally。
注意两点:一是时间词不一定只有 then/finally,On the first day、After the opening ceremony 这类"具体时间+after"也是时间连接;二是 At first 在本篇不是"第一件事",而是引出"起初担心"这个情绪,与后文 but 呼应,属于对比式时间词。
【任务三·找"活动+感受"双行】
从文中各找一处"活动"和紧随其后的"感受",抄下来。
示例一(活动):After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles.(感受):I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace.
示例二(活动+感受融合句):活动句——"However, I was surprised to see that the riders were boys and girls!"("surprised"本身已包含感受);感受句——"At first, I was a little worried about the children's safety..."(进一步补充感受)
判断"双行"的标准:分为两种类型。(1)"分离型双行"——一个完整句子写活动,紧接着下一句写感受,两句主语可以相同(如I watched...I felt...)也可以不同(如The race began...I was amazed...)。(2)"融合型双行"——在同一句中用谓语动词表动作、用形容词或情感名词表感受(如I was surprised to see...)。两种类型都算"活动+感受"双行,但结构不同,写作中可灵活使用。写摔跤是"分离型"(先细节后moved),写赛马是"融合型"(surprised直接钉进活动句,再补worried)。感受不是孤零零贴在结尾,而是跟着具体事件走。
四、分层练习
基础层·幕次判断
从一篇完整的中秋体验短文中摘出6个句子(含1个引入句、3个展开句、1个收束句、1个干扰句),请从选项(A.引入 B.展开 C.收束 D.不属于以上三者)中为每句选择正确幕次,并在横线上写出判断依据。
① The Mid-Autumn Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, is a time for family reunion in China. This year I celebrated it with my grandparents in the countryside.
② In the afternoon, we prepared mooncakes and fruits in the yard.
③ When the moon rose, my grandfather told us the story of Chang'e flying to the moon.
④ The Mid-Autumn Festival has been celebrated in China for over 3,000 years, and it was originally a harvest festival dedicated to the moon god.
⑤ After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon high in the sky.
⑥ That evening was truly unforgettable. It reminded me that no matter how far we travel, home is where our hearts belong.
答案与解析:
① → A(引入)。判断依据:交代节日、时间、地点,是背景介绍,属于引入。
② → B(展开)。判断依据:出现具体动作(prepared mooncakes and fruits),是展开部分的第一个活动。
③ → B(展开)。判断依据:按时间推进(When the moon rose),写具体活动(爷爷讲故事),是展开部分的后续活动。
④ → D(不属于以上三者)。判断依据:这句话描述的是中秋节的历史背景(over 3,000 years, harvest festival, moon god),与作者的个人体验无关。三幕结构只关注"我"的经历,不涉及节日的历史或文化背景介绍。这是学生最容易混淆的类型——把"背景知识"误认为"引入"。引入句必须包含"我"的参与(如①中的I celebrated),而不仅仅是节日信息。在本次练习的语境中,④句属于与个人经历脱节的文化背景介绍,不能作为引入句。初学者应优先聚焦个人时空背景,慎用历史背景。 这里需要进一步点明文体意识:如果本文是说明文,④可作为引入;但作为节日体验记叙文,引入必须包含"I"的参与。这正是记叙文与说明文引入的本质区别。
⑤ → B(展开)。判断依据:按时间推进(After that),写具体活动(点灯笼、望月),是展开部分的后续活动。
⑥ → C(收束)。判断依据:对整段经历做总评(unforgettable)并升华意义(home is where our hearts belong),属于收束。
中档层·排序补词
下面这段中秋体验文字顺序被打乱,请按"引入—展开—收束"重新排序,并在空白处(用____标出)填入合适的时间顺序词。从选项中选出填入空白处,每个选项只能用一次。
选项:A. First B. Then C. After that D. Finally
____ 1. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family reunion in China. This year I celebrated it with my grandparents in the countryside.
____ 2. In the afternoon, we prepared mooncakes and fruits in the yard.
____ 3. When the moon rose, my grandfather told us the story of Chang'e flying to the moon. Then we sat around the table, eating sweet mooncakes and drinking tea.
____ 4. After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon high in the sky. I was deeply moved by the warm and peaceful atmosphere.
____ 5. That evening was truly unforgettable. It reminded me that no matter how far we travel, home is where our hearts belong.
正确顺序与答案:
1 → A (First):这是引入句,介绍节日和背景,是叙事的第一件事,故用First。若用Then则暗示前面已有事件,与前文矛盾。
2 → B (Then):这是展开部分,承接上文,表示"然后"我们开始准备月饼。
3 → C (After that):承接上文,表示"在那之后"月亮升起,爷爷讲故事。此处用After that比Then更合适,因为前面已有Then,避免重复。
4 → D (Finally):这是展开部分的最后一件事,收束前的最后活动,故用Finally。
5 不填:这是收束句,是对整体经历的总评,不需要时间顺序词。
解析:排序依据是"引入—展开—收束"的功能判断。第1句介绍节日背景,是引入;第2-4句按时间写活动,是展开;第5句总评+期待,是收束。时间词选择依据:第一步判断是"独立时间点"还是"相对时间";第二步判断功能是"自然推进"(选Then/After that)还是"收束"(选Finally);第三步检查是否重复,避免同一时间词出现超过两次。
挑战层·骨架搭建
请任选一个节日(如端午、中秋、元宵、汉服文化节),运用三幕骨架写"引入段一句+展开段一句",要求:引入交代何时、何地、何事;展开句含一个"活动+感受"双行。
参考示例(端午):
The Dragon Boat Festival, falling on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, is one of my favourite festivals. Early in the morning, we went to the riverside to watch the dragon boat races, and I was amazed by the power and teamwork of the paddlers.
这句怎么构成的?引入句用 falling on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month 交代时间,is one of my favourite festivals 交代"我的态度";展开句先给时间 Early in the morning,再写活动 went to watch the dragon boat races,最后用 and I was amazed by... 把感受接上。时间词(Early in the morning)+活动+感受(amazed)三件套齐了,这一句就立得住。
【典型错误示例及分析】
错误类型A(引入句写了历史背景而非个人体验的时空背景):
示例:"The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional Chinese festival that dates back over 2,000 years to commemorate Qu Yuan."——这句话写的是端午节的历史,不是"我"的亲身经历,属于"背景介绍"而非"引入"。
修改方向:将历史背景改为个人体验的时空背景。修改示例:"This year, on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, I went to the riverside with my family to watch the dragon boat races."——交代了时间、地点、人物、事件。
本修改示例将引入和展开合并为一句(时间+地点+活动+感受),适用于篇幅较短的短文。若将引入和展开分开写,则需在两句之间加时间衔接词(如Early in the morning / On that day)。两种写法均可,取决于篇幅和详略需要。
错误类型B(展开句写了活动但感受与活动不匹配):
示例:"We ate zongzi and I was amazed by the excitement."——"吃粽子"通常不会让人"兴奋/惊讶"(amazed),感受与活动不匹配。
修改方向:让感受与活动内容匹配。修改示例:"We ate zongzi together, and I felt warm and satisfied watching my grandmother carefully wrap the sticky rice."——"温暖"和"满足"与"和家人一起吃粽子"的活动相匹配。
引入句和展开句之间的衔接:引入句和展开句之间需要时间衔接词(如 Early in the morning / On that day)或代词(如 it / this festival)来建立连接。否则两句话会显得孤立,读者看不出它们之间的逻辑关系。
五、带走:三幕骨架自查清单
【本讲自检清单】
写完一段节日体验后,对照这五问逐条查:
① 引入有没有交代"何时·何地·何事"?缺任何一个信息,读者就不知道你在写哪个节日;
②-a 展开段中,每个活动是否按"发生顺序"排列(可用数字1、2、3自测)?②-b 时间词是否与对应的叙事功能匹配——"引入第一件事"处是否用First而非Finally?"收束前最后一件"处是否用Finally而非Then?
③ 每个活动后面有没有跟"感受"?还是只剩一长串动作清单?
④ 收束有没有"总体感受+意义或期待"?还是写完活动就停了?
⑤ 全文的时间词扫描:是否将"起初……后来……"(at first / later)与"首先……最后……"(first / finally)混用?若有,标出并更正。
五问全"是",骨架就立住了。这节课搭的是"架子",下节课(第10讲)在这个架子上做"语言升格"——把画面感和情绪表达填进去,让骨架长出血肉。
【教师说明】本讲自查清单所强调的三项核心要素——结构清晰(三幕)、衔接连贯(时间顺序词)、内容充实(活动+感受),直接对应高考作文评分标准中"内容完整"、"语篇连贯"和"情感真实"的得分点。教师在批改时可据此给出针对性反馈:结构分(三幕是否完整)、语言分(时间词是否准确多样)、内容分(活动与感受是否一一对应)。
六、课后作业
【作答区·结构分析】
阅读下面这篇中秋节体验短文,完成三项结构分析任务。
【任务一(题型:信息匹配)】
在下列表格中,为每一段匹配其所属的"幕次",并在第三列填写"判断依据(须引用该段中至少1个关键词或关键句)"。
段落序号 | 幕次 | 判断依据
第1段 | 引入 | 交代节日(Mid-Autumn Festival)、时间(falls on the 15th day)、地点(in the countryside),是背景。
第2段 | 展开 | 从"In the afternoon"到"atmosphere",按时间写"备月饼—讲故事—吃月饼—点灯笼—望月",活动与感受交替。
第3段 | 收束 | 用"unforgettable"总评并期待明年("can't wait to celebrate it again"),是收束。
【任务二(题型:信息筛选)】
阅读全文,按"时间词分类表"将文中所有时间词填入下表:
第一类「具体时间点」:如 In the afternoon
第二类「时间顺序连接词」:如 Then / After that
第三类「时间状语从句连接词」:如 When / after
要求:每类至少填1个,并写明"这个词/短语的功能是什么"。
答案:
第一类「具体时间点」:In the afternoon(功能:标明活动发生的具体时段)
第二类「时间顺序连接词」:Then(功能:承接上文,表示"然后");After that(功能:承接上文,表示"在那之后")
第三类「时间状语从句连接词」:When(功能:引导时间状语从句,强调"当……时候"两个事件的时间关系)
说明:When引导的时间状语从句连接词算时间词但不属于本讲所授"时间顺序词"的核心三类(引入/承接/收束),故不强制要求圈出——但如果学生圈出了,也算正确,需说明其功能与Then等词不同。
【任务三(题型:信息标注+简要分析)】
在原文中用下划线标出"活动",用波浪线标出"感受",在下方横线上写明:"你标出的活动共有几处?感受共有几处?它们是否一一对应?若不对应,缺了什么?"
答案:
活动句:"we prepared mooncakes and fruits in the yard";"my grandfather told us the story of Chang'e flying to the moon";"we sat around the table, eating sweet mooncakes and drinking tea";"the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon"——共4处活动。
感受句:"I was deeply moved by the warm and peaceful atmosphere"——共1处感受。
分析:活动与感受不完全一一对应。4处活动只有1处感受,说明感受没有紧跟每个活动,而是集中写在段末。写作时应让感受跟着具体事件走,而非只在结尾写一句。
需要补充的是:感受不必平均分配,但要重点突出。最精彩或最有意义的活动,必须配感受;次要点的事件,可用细节描写(如"eating mooncakes")一带而过。写作不是"每个活动都喊一句好",而是让感受跟着最有价值的活动走,这样文章才有节奏感和重点。
The Mid-Autumn Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, is a time for family reunion in China. This year I celebrated it with my grandparents in the countryside.
In the afternoon, we prepared mooncakes and fruits in the yard. When the moon rose, my grandfather told us the story of Chang’e flying to the moon. Then we sat around the table, eating sweet mooncakes and drinking tea. After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon high in the sky. I was deeply moved by the warm and peaceful atmosphere.
That evening was truly unforgettable. It reminded me that no matter how far we travel, home is where our hearts belong. I can’t wait to celebrate it with my family again next year.
幕次
核心功能
典型句式(供参考)
引入
点明时间/地点/事件
I experienced…;The festival falls on…
展开
按顺序叙述活动+感受
On the first day…;I was moved/surprised…
收束
总评+意义/期待
It was worth it;I can’t wait…
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 精品讲义2027春季高一(下)英语新教材人教版必修三
第9讲 节日体验短文写作(学生版)
读结构:三幕骨架与时间顺序
【课时安排】
建议用时1—2课时。本讲聚焦"读",解决"节日体验短文长什么样、骨架怎么搭、衔接怎么连";第10讲聚焦"写",解决"怎么写活、怎么成文"。两讲一读一写,先后递进,但各自独立可上。
【学习目标】
1. 能按"引入—展开—收束"三幕划分节日体验短文的段落结构,并说出每幕承担的功能;
2. 能识别并运用 first、then、after that 等时间顺序词,使节日活动叙述有先后逻辑;
3. 能提炼"活动+感受"双行句式,并仿照三幕骨架搭建一段节日体验。
一、撞墙导入:这页"流水账"差在哪
【测试材料·一段平淡的春节】
I went to my grandparents’ home. We had a big dinner. We set off fireworks. We watched TV. We ate dumplings. Then we went home. I had a good time.
【点拨】
先读这段写春节的文字。它有没有先后顺序?有——先到、吃饭、放炮、看电视,顺序不差。可读完什么感觉?像不像一份"活动清单"?能记住任何一个具体的画面吗?几乎不能。情绪呢?只有最后一句干巴巴的 I had a good time,空泛得可以套到任何一次聚会。
这段文字的毛病,是“只有活动,没有层次结构,没有感受”。活动虽然按先后排着(有 Then 做时间标记),但全被压在同一层上,读者分不清哪个是背景、哪个是核心、哪个是收尾。“有先后”不等于“有结构”——结构要能区分事件的主次和功能。它把所有事拉成一条线,读者只看到“做了什么”,看不到“现场什么样、我当时什么感受”。节日体验短文要让人“看见画面、感到情绪”,而这一切,得先从一个清晰的骨架开始。
【判断·哪句最有骨架】
此处"骨架"指一句话能否同时交代"先后顺序""具体动作""画面/情绪"三个要素,三者齐全则骨架清晰。
A. We had dinner and watched TV.
B. After the big family dinner, we set off fireworks in the yard, our laughter echoing in the cold night air.
C. We did many things at Spring Festival.
我的判断:____(从 A、B、C 中选一个)
我的理由(为什么选它、排除其余两项):
____________
____________
【过渡】从"流水账"到"三幕结构":为什么需要三幕?
“撞墙导入”指出的问题是“没有结构、没有感受”。但学生还得想明白:三幕结构为什么能治流水账?病根在“事件层级”的缺失——不是所有活动都同等重要,文章要区分“背景事件”(引入)、“核心事件”(展开)和“收束事件”(收束)。三幕结构就是对事件的层级管理,而不只是分段。有了层级,读者才知道“先看到什么、再看到什么、最后记住什么”。这条逻辑链,把“流水账之病”和“三幕之药”接了起来。
二、精讲:节日体验短文的三幕骨架
【核心知识】三幕结构
节日体验短文,写的是"我参加/庆祝一个节日的亲身经历",说到底是一篇第一人称的记叙文。绝大多数这类短文都走同一个"三幕"结构:引入—展开—收束。这三幕不是可有可无的格式,而是三件不同的事:让读者知道是什么、带读者经历一遍、告诉读者这段经历意味着什么。缺了任何一幕,文章要么像没头没尾,要么像半截话。
第一幕·引入(Introduction)
任务:交代背景——何时、何地、何事。让读者一上来就知道"我去参加了一个什么节日、在什么时候、在什么地方、是第几次"。这一幕最省篇幅,一两句就够,但信息要齐。
最常见的开头是把节日名称、时间、地点、次数压进一句话。教材范文的开头就是典范:I experienced the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for the first time this year. 一句话同时给出节日(Naadam Festival)、地点(Inner Mongolia)、次数(for the first time)、时间(this year),一个信息都不浪费。
写节日时间有个高频表达值得记:The festival falls on + 具体日期。fall on 在这里是"(节日)落在、恰逢某天",比 is on 更地道,也常作为语法填空的考点(注意 fall 的过去式 fell)。例如:The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. 中文里"这个节日在农历六月初四"用英语就是 The festival falls on the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar。
第二幕·展开(Body)
任务:写活动,按时间推进,每个活动后面跟"感受"。这是篇幅最大、最出彩的一幕,也是阅卷老师主要看的部分。这一幕有两个层次要同时做到。
第一层是"先后":活动要按时间顺序一件件写,用 first、then、after that、finally 这类时间词把先后标清楚。没有这些词,活动再多也像堆在一起,读者分不清哪件在先哪件在后。
第二层是"活动+感受":每次写一个活动,紧跟着写"我当时的情绪或评价",形成一对双行。只写活动不写感受,就是开头那段流水账;只在结尾写一句 I had a good time,是"感受没落地"。真正的做法是让感受跟着具体事件走。
教材范文里这层做得极清楚。写摔跤:"Mongolian wrestling is different from the wrestling in the Olympic Games. There are no rounds, and wrestlers are not separated by weight. The wrestler loses if any part of his body above his knee touches the ground."这是活动细节,具体到"规则"。紧接着写感受:"I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace."——被他们力与美的展示打动了。活动与感受一一咬合。
易错点:farther与further——farther指距离"更远",further多指抽象意义的"更进一步"。赛马跑得更远用farther。
【补充:感受的三种落点方式】
学生知道"要有感受",但不知道"感受可以放在哪里"。感受有三种落点方式:
(1)感受直接嵌入活动句:如"I was surprised to see that the riders were boys and girls!"——"surprised"直接嵌入活动句中,感受与活动融为一体。
(2)感受单独成句跟在活动句后:如教材范文"Mongolian wrestling is different from..."(活动细节)紧接"I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace."(感受单独成句)。
(3)感受通过动作描写间接体现:如"our laughter echoing in the cold night air"——不直说"快乐",但笑声已传达。这是一种高级写法,用画面暗示情绪,而非直白地说"I was happy"。
为便于教师在课堂上示范"间接描写"的具体应用,补充一个贴近学生生活的例句:As we bit into the sweet mooncakes, the warm aroma of osmanthus filled the air, and my grandmother's smile seemed to brighten the whole yard. 此句不写happy,而是通过气味(osmanthus aroma)和视觉细节(grandmother's smile)传递温馨感受,属于高阶的间接描写写法。
高阶写法还可以借助生理反应或视觉细节来暗示情绪,让学生从"只会说happy/surprised"过渡到"用画面表达情绪"。例如:My eyes widened as I watched the riders soar past — I had never seen anything so breathtaking.(视觉描写表惊讶);My heart raced when the starting horn blew, and my hands trembled as I held the lantern.(生理描写表紧张/期待)。这类句型的共同点是:不出现happy/sad/excited等情绪词,而是通过身体反应或画面细节让读者"感受到"情绪。
写作中可灵活选用:低阶用(2),中阶用(1),高阶用(3)。三种方式交替使用,文章会更有层次感。
第三幕·收束(Ending)
任务:对整段经历做总体评价,可加意义或对未来的期待。这一幕最容易被人忽略——很多人写完活动就停了,文章像没结尾。收束是"得分点":没有它,前面写得再好也显得没收口。
收束最常见的两种写法。一种是"总体感受加评价":教材范文结尾 I’m finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it.——先是回到家、很累这个收尾的动作,再用 worth it 给整段经历一个总评价。另一种是"对未来的期待":He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and eat hot pot. I can’t wait! 用 can’t wait(迫不及待)把情绪延伸到未来。
'Worth it'是高考高频考点。worth的用法常见三种:①be worth it(值得,it指代这段经历);②be worth doing(值得做,doing用主动表被动);③be well worth+名词。写作中最实用的是①和②,例如The trip was well worth the effort. 与 This festival is well worth experiencing. 注意worth后接doing,不接to do,这是学生最容易踩的坑。
【点拨】三幕的篇幅比例
三幕不是平均用力。引入段:1—2句,只交代"何时·何地·何事",不做具体描写;展开段:可以写3—6段(视活动数量和细节程度而定),每段写1个主要活动+该活动带来的感受,且活动按时间顺序排列;收束段:1—2句,对整体经历做评价,不再引入新活动。判断一篇文章的三幕分得清不清楚,就看你能否一眼指出"哪句是引入、哪句是展开、哪句是收束"。分不清,说明结构松散。
有个细节要说清楚:"三幕"是逻辑结构,不等于"三段"。具体写几段取决于你选了几个核心活动,但每一段都必须服务于"展开"这一核心功能。有的学生只选一个核心活动,展开部分写两段也完全合理;有的学生选了三个活动,展开部分可能写三到四段。关键不在于"分了几段",而在于每一段是否承担了明确的功能——是引入背景、展开活动,还是收束评价。
【精讲】时间顺序词全表
时间顺序词是把"先后"讲清楚的工具,也是阅卷"衔接连贯"的采分点。与其死记硬背分类表,不如掌握一个"选择流程",按步骤判断该用哪个词。
这里需要明确一个关键关系:"三幕结构"决定文章的宏观走向(去哪儿),而时间顺序词则是连接各个站点(活动)的路标。三幕是骨架,时间顺序词是粘合剂——二者不是并列关系,而是"结构"与"衔接"的关系。引入幕不一定用First,也可以用On the day;收束幕不一定用Finally,也可以用Looking back。学生只有厘清这一分工,才不会机械地把"引入=first,展开=then…,收束=finally"一一对应。
【时间顺序词的选择流程】
步骤一:判断该词引导的时间是"独立时间点"还是"相对于前一件事的时间"。
判断依据:若为独立时间点,优先选具体时间表达(On the first day / In the afternoon等)或first;若为相对时间,进入步骤二。
步骤二:判断该"相对时间"在叙事中的功能是"同一事件链上的自然推进"、"打断/转折",还是"收束"。
判断依据:若为自然推进,选then / after that / next;若为打断/转折,选suddenly / meanwhile等(常见误区:用then表达同时发生,这是错误的,then只表示"然后",不表示"同时");若为收束,选finally / in the end。
步骤三:检查该句主语是否有变化。
判断依据:若有变化,优先用时间状语从句(when / as / after + 句子)而非单一时间词(因为单一时间词容易产生"同一主语继续做下一件事"的歧义)。例如:When the moon rose(主语从"我们"变为"月亮"),比When we...更清晰。 具体而言,"Then we watched the moon"隐含主语仍为"我们",是"我们"继续做下一件事;而"When the moon rose"主语变为"月亮",表示"我们"是在外部事件发生时才行动,这两者的逻辑关系是不同的。因此,当主语发生变化时,使用时间状语从句能更清晰地表达事件间的逻辑关系,避免单一时间词带来的歧义。
步骤四:全文至少检查一次,确保所有时间词不重复使用超过两次。
判断依据:first可以用一次,then可以用一次,after that可以用一次,之后必须换表达。例如:First we had dinner. Then we set off fireworks. After that, we watched TV. Finally, we went home.(四个时间词各用一次,不重复。)
【at first 的特殊用法】
at first 常和后面的 but later 呼应,表"起初……但后来……",是一组对比,不是单纯的顺序。比如 at first I was a little worried about the children's safety, but later I realized they were born on horseback——起初担心,后来明白,一个转折就把情绪写活了。教材范文里正是用 At first 引出了"担心孩子安全"这个感受,再借 Burin 的话化解。
【判断·时间词在句中的功能】
判断下列句子中的时间词属于"引入""展开""收束"中的哪一种,并说明判断依据。每题提供正确判断和常见错误判断。
① At first, I was a little worried about the children's safety, but later I realized they were born on horseback.
我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
常见误判与原因:__________
② Finally, we sat down to enjoy the mooncakes together, feeling the warmth of the family.
我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
常见误判与原因:__________
③ After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon.
我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
常见误判与原因:__________
三、实战:给范文画一张结构图
【测试材料·教材范文】
My Amazing Naadam Experience
I experienced the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for the first time this year.
The festival falls on the fourth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, usually lasting for three days. Naadam means "games" in Mongolian, and it is represented by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch!
On the first day, I set off to the games early with my friend Burin. I saw a lot of people wearing fancy Mongolian robes. Some were feeding their horses, some were practising archery, and others were chatting or taking photographs. Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the festival, just as their ancestors had done for centuries.
After the opening ceremony and some amazing performances, the wrestling competition began. Mongolian wrestling is different from the wrestling in the Olympic Games. There are no rounds, and wrestlers are not separated by weight. The wrestler loses if any part of his body above his knee touches the ground. After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles. I was quite moved by their show of strength and grace.
I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. However, I was surprised to see that the riders were boys and girls! I heard it is because children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther. At first, I was a little worried about the children’s safety, but Burin said, "Don’t worry. They’ve been riding horses all their lives. They’ll be just fine." That was the moment I started to understand why people say "Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture."
I’m finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and eat hot pot. I can’t wait!
【任务一·划幕】
把这篇短文分成"引入、展开、收束"三幕,指出每幕大致从哪句到哪句。(标题不计入正文三幕划分,正文从"I experienced..."开始。请以正文第一句为第一幕起点。)
引入:____(从哪句到哪句)
展开:____(从哪句到哪句)
收束:____(从哪句到哪句)
怎么想到的?先看段落功能,不看长短。把你的判断依据写在横线上:
____________
____________
【任务二·找时间词】
圈出文中所有表时间顺序的词。
时间顺序词:____、____、____、____、____
注意两点:一是时间词不一定只有 then/finally,On the first day、After the opening ceremony 这类"具体时间+after"也是时间连接;二是 At first 在本篇不是"第一件事",而是引出"起初担心"这个情绪,与后文 but 呼应,属于对比式时间词。
【任务三·找"活动+感受"双行】
从文中各找一处"活动"和紧随其后的"感受",抄下来。
示例一(活动):__________
(感受):__________
示例二(活动+感受融合句):__________
感受句:__________
判断"双行"的标准:分为两种类型。(1)"分离型双行"——一个完整句子写活动,紧接着下一句写感受,两句主语可以相同(如I watched...I felt...)也可以不同(如The race began...I was amazed...)。(2)"融合型双行"——在同一句中用谓语动词表动作、用形容词或情感名词表感受(如I was surprised to see...)。两种类型都算"活动+感受"双行,但结构不同,写作中可灵活使用。写摔跤是"分离型"(先细节后moved),写赛马是"融合型"(surprised直接钉进活动句,再补worried)。感受不是孤零零贴在结尾,而是跟着具体事件走。
四、分层练习
基础层·幕次判断
从一篇完整的中秋体验短文中摘出6个句子(含1个引入句、3个展开句、1个收束句、1个干扰句),请从选项(A.引入 B.展开 C.收束 D.不属于以上三者)中为每句选择正确幕次,并在横线上写出判断依据。
① The Mid-Autumn Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, is a time for family reunion in China. This year I celebrated it with my grandparents in the countryside.
② In the afternoon, we prepared mooncakes and fruits in the yard.
③ When the moon rose, my grandfather told us the story of Chang'e flying to the moon.
④ The Mid-Autumn Festival has been celebrated in China for over 3,000 years, and it was originally a harvest festival dedicated to the moon god.
⑤ After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon high in the sky.
⑥ That evening was truly unforgettable. It reminded me that no matter how far we travel, home is where our hearts belong.
【作答区】在横线上写出你的判断与依据:
① 我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
② 我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
③ 我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
④ 我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
⑤ 我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
⑥ 我的判断:____ 判断依据:__________
中档层·排序补词
下面这段中秋体验文字顺序被打乱,请按"引入—展开—收束"重新排序,并在空白处(用____标出)填入合适的时间顺序词。从选项中选出填入空白处,每个选项只能用一次。
选项:A. First B. Then C. After that D. Finally
____ 1. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family reunion in China. This year I celebrated it with my grandparents in the countryside.
____ 2. In the afternoon, we prepared mooncakes and fruits in the yard.
____ 3. When the moon rose, my grandfather told us the story of Chang'e flying to the moon. Then we sat around the table, eating sweet mooncakes and drinking tea.
____ 4. After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon high in the sky. I was deeply moved by the warm and peaceful atmosphere.
____ 5. That evening was truly unforgettable. It reminded me that no matter how far we travel, home is where our hearts belong.
【作答区】写出正确排序与所选时间词:
1 → ____(选 A / B / C / D)
2 → ____
3 → ____
4 → ____
5 → ____(填 / 不填)
排序依据:__________
挑战层·骨架搭建
请任选一个节日(如端午、中秋、元宵、汉服文化节),运用三幕骨架写"引入段一句+展开段一句",要求:引入交代何时、何地、何事;展开句含一个"活动+感受"双行。
【作答区】任选一个节日,写引入句+展开句:
________________
________________
________________
我的句子构成说明(时间词+活动+感受三件套):
____________
____________
【典型错误示例及分析】
错误类型A(引入句写了历史背景而非个人体验的时空背景):
示例:"The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional Chinese festival that dates back over 2,000 years to commemorate Qu Yuan."——这句话写的是端午节的历史,不是"我"的亲身经历,属于"背景介绍"而非"引入"。
修改方向:将历史背景改为个人体验的时空背景。修改示例:"This year, on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, I went to the riverside with my family to watch the dragon boat races."——交代了时间、地点、人物、事件。
本修改示例将引入和展开合并为一句(时间+地点+活动+感受),适用于篇幅较短的短文。若将引入和展开分开写,则需在两句之间加时间衔接词(如Early in the morning / On that day)。两种写法均可,取决于篇幅和详略需要。
错误类型B(展开句写了活动但感受与活动不匹配):
示例:"We ate zongzi and I was amazed by the excitement."——"吃粽子"通常不会让人"兴奋/惊讶"(amazed),感受与活动不匹配。
修改方向:让感受与活动内容匹配。修改示例:"We ate zongzi together, and I felt warm and satisfied watching my grandmother carefully wrap the sticky rice."——"温暖"和"满足"与"和家人一起吃粽子"的活动相匹配。
引入句和展开句之间的衔接:引入句和展开句之间需要时间衔接词(如 Early in the morning / On that day)或代词(如 it / this festival)来建立连接。否则两句话会显得孤立,读者看不出它们之间的逻辑关系。
五、带走:三幕骨架自查清单
【本讲自检清单】
写完一段节日体验后,对照这五问逐条查:
① 引入有没有交代"何时·何地·何事"?缺任何一个信息,读者就不知道你在写哪个节日;
②-a 展开段中,每个活动是否按"发生顺序"排列(可用数字1、2、3自测)?②-b 时间词是否与对应的叙事功能匹配——"引入第一件事"处是否用First而非Finally?"收束前最后一件"处是否用Finally而非Then?
③ 每个活动后面有没有跟"感受"?还是只剩一长串动作清单?
④ 收束有没有"总体感受+意义或期待"?还是写完活动就停了?
⑤ 全文的时间词扫描:是否将"起初……后来……"(at first / later)与"首先……最后……"(first / finally)混用?若有,标出并更正。
五问全"是",骨架就立住了。这节课搭的是"架子",下节课(第10讲)在这个架子上做"语言升格"——把画面感和情绪表达填进去,让骨架长出血肉。
六、课后作业
【作答区·结构分析】
阅读下面这篇中秋节体验短文,完成三项结构分析任务。
【任务一(题型:信息匹配)】
在下列表格中,为每一段匹配其所属的"幕次",并在第三列填写"判断依据(须引用该段中至少1个关键词或关键句)"。
段落序号
幕次
判断依据(引用关键词/关键句)
第1段
第2段
第3段
【任务二(题型:信息筛选)】
阅读全文,按"时间词分类表"将文中所有时间词填入下表:
第一类「具体时间点」:如 In the afternoon
第二类「时间顺序连接词」:如 Then / After that
第三类「时间状语从句连接词」:如 When / after
要求:每类至少填1个,并写明"这个词/短语的功能是什么"。
【作答区】将文中时间词按三类填入:
第一类「具体时间点」:____(功能:____)
第二类「时间顺序连接词」:____(功能:____)
第三类「时间状语从句连接词」:____(功能:____)
____________
【任务三(题型:信息标注+简要分析)】
在原文中用下划线标出"活动",用波浪线标出"感受",在下方横线上写明:"你标出的活动共有几处?感受共有几处?它们是否一一对应?若不对应,缺了什么?"
【作答区】在原文中划线标活动、波浪线标感受,回答:
我标出的活动句(共几处):________
我标出的感受句(共几处):________
是否一一对应:____ 若不对应缺了什么:______
我的发现与建议:__________
The Mid-Autumn Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month, is a time for family reunion in China. This year I celebrated it with my grandparents in the countryside.
In the afternoon, we prepared mooncakes and fruits in the yard. When the moon rose, my grandfather told us the story of Chang’e flying to the moon. Then we sat around the table, eating sweet mooncakes and drinking tea. After that, the children lit up lanterns and we watched the bright full moon high in the sky. I was deeply moved by the warm and peaceful atmosphere.
That evening was truly unforgettable. It reminded me that no matter how far we travel, home is where our hearts belong. I can’t wait to celebrate it with my family again next year.
幕次
核心功能
典型句式(供参考)
引入
点明时间/地点/事件
I experienced…;The festival falls on…
展开
按顺序叙述活动+感受
On the first day…;I was moved/surprised…
收束
总评+意义/期待
It was worth it;I can’t wait…
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