Unit 5 Working the Land 单词句式 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

本高中英语讲义聚焦高二选择性必修一Unit 5“Working the Land”核心内容，系统梳理Section A至C的词汇（如devote、convince等）、短语（如far from、in turn等）、重点句式（如not just...but...as well、given that等）及语法点（如同位语从句），构建从基础词汇辨析到复杂句式运用的递进学习支架。 该资料以“词汇-短语-句式-语法”四维联动设计为亮点，通过词性转换（如devote→devotion→devoted）、用法对比（如convincing与convinced）及实例拓展（如Zhang Guimei等人物案例），培养学生语言能力与思维品质。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生通过同义替换、语法区分等方法查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

高二英语选择性必修一Unit 5 Working the Land 耕耘 Section A Reading and Thinking 1. devote vt.把…奉献(给)；把…专注于 devotion n.深爱，热爱，奉献 devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的 - devote …to 把…用于；献身；致力于；专心（to是介词） - devote one’s life/oneself to (doing) sth 献身于 / 致力于(做)某事 - devote one’s time/energy/attention to (doing) sth 把某人的时间/精力/注意力用于(做)某事 - be devoted to sth 热衷于某事 - be devoted to sb 深爱某人 - a devoted friend 一位忠诚的朋友 例句：Zhang Guimei has been devoted to helping girls to get educated. 拓展：“专心于，致力于”的其他表达：concentrate on / be absorbed in / be focused on 例句：I can’t concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.（with复合结构作状语） 2. convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 convincing adj.令人信服的（描述事物性质） convinced adj.确信的；深信的（描述人的感受） - convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 - convince sb. (that)… 使某人相信…… - convince sb. (not) to do sth 说服某人（不要）做某事 - a convincing argument/explanation/case 有说服力的论点/解释/事例 - be convinced of / that 确信……；相信…… 例句①：In order to convince us of his honesty, Paul gave us several convincing cases that could make us convinced of it. 例句②：I tried to convince my father that I was able to solve the problem by myself. 3. attain vt.(通过努力)获得；得到；达到(某年龄、水平、状况) - attain one’s goal 实现目标 - attain independence / knowledge 获得独立 / 知识 - attainment n.达到；获得 - attainable adj.可达到的；可获得的 例句：After decades of research, Li Zhensheng attained his goal of developing new wheat varieties highly resistant to diseases. 4. assumption n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力)获得 assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任) - make assumptions / an assumption about 对…做出假设 - work / act on an assumption 以假定行事 - on the assumption that… 假定……，假设……（that引导同位语从句，解释说明assumption的具体内容） 例句：We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.（invited为过去分词后置定语） - It is generally / usually assumed that… 普遍/通常认为…… - assume …to be/as 假定…是…，认定…是… - assuming (亦作assuming that) conj.假定 5. overcome vt.克服；解决；战胜；受到…的极大影响 变形：overcome — overcame — overcome - overcome difficulties / problems 克服困难 / 解决问题 - overcome the enemy / opponent 战胜敌人 / 对手 - be overcome by / with excitement / horror / sadness / joy 兴奋/惊恐/悲伤/高兴得不能自持 6. expand vt.&vi.扩大；增加；扩展；发展(业务) expansion n.扩张；扩大；扩展 - expand …into (把…)扩展到；发展成… - expand on / upon 充分叙述；详细阐明 - expand the influence / market / production 扩大影响 / 市场 / 生产 - expand one’s horizons / vocabulary 开阔视野 / 扩大词汇量 7. estimate vt.估计；估价；估算（常用于被动） n.估计；估算 - estimate sth. at 估算某物为…… - be estimated to be … 被估计为… - It is estimated that 据估计… - underestimate vt.&n.低估；underestimate the cost of 低估……的成本 - overestimate v.&n.高估；overestimate one’s ability 高估某人的能力 - estimation n.估计；判断；评价 8. comprise vt.包括；包含；由…组成 用法区分： ①组成，构成（部分作主语，整体作宾语）：comprise, make up 例句：Green meadows, clear lakes and high mountains make up the beautiful scenery in that area. ②由…组成/构成（整体作主语，部分作宾语）：comprise, be comprised of, be composed of, be made up of, consist of 例句：Spoken Chinese consists of / is made up of a number of Chinese dialects. 9. far from 含义①几乎相反；远非（后接adj./n./pron./动名词），事实远非如此 例句：Many people think farming is very easy, but this is far from the case, as modern agricultural production requires professional technology. 含义②远离 = far away from + n./pron.（表具体距离，不能用far away from，要用away from，away可省略） 例句：Considering that the nature park is far from the city, we can take a bus. 拓展短语： far from enough 远远不够 far from it (口语)完全相反，远非如此 例句： —Are you satisfied with the result? —Far from it. I think there are many areas that need improvement. 10. reality n.现实；实际情况；事实 realise/realize vt.实现；意识到 real adj.真正的；真实的 really adv.事实上；真正地 realistic adj.现实的；实事求是的 - become a reality 成为现实 - turn …into reality 使…成为现实 - face / accept reality 面对/接受现实 - escape from reality 逃避现实 - bring …back to reality 使…回到现实 - virtual reality 虚拟现实 - The reality is… 事实上；实际上；实际情况是… 同义替换：actually = in reality = in effect = in truth = in fact = in actual fact = as a matter of fact 例句：History is a mirror reflecting the reality.（现在分词短语作定语） 重点句式 1. not just … but … as well 不仅……而且…… = not only…but (also)…，并列连词词组，连接两个并列的句子成分。 例句：Through the exchange of letters, you can not just practice your writing skills but provide feedback to each other as well. not only…but (also)…用法： ①连接两个分句时，若not only位于句首分句要部分倒装，but(also)后面的分句不倒装。 例句：Not only can you pick up phrases and idioms, but you can also develop your appreciation of Chinese culture. ②连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数要遵循“就近一致”原则。 例句：Not only the teacher but also the students were deeply moved by the story. 2. given that 考虑到……；鉴于…… given that在句中用作连词，意思是“考虑到”，= considering (that) 例句：Given that agricultural scientists are constantly researching new methods, farmers can expect more efficient farming techniques in the future. 拓展：given (prep.)考虑到，鉴于；adj.指定的；特定的（常作前置定语） 例句①：Given the environmental challenges we face today, it is vital that we take immediate action to reduce our carbon footprint. 例句②：They were to meet at a given time and place. Section B Learning About Language 1. make use of 利用；使用 同义短语：make full use of = make good use of = make the best of = make the most of - be in use 在使用 - be no use 无用 - be of great use 很有用 - come into use 开始使用 - It is no use doing sth. 做某事无用 备注：如果把make use of的宾语提前，句子要用被动语态，注意保留介词of，of后常用动词不定式作目的状语。 例句：Every opportunity should be made full use of to learn new skills, which will open up more career prospects. 例句：Today, around 400 karez systems remain in use, actively supporting 30% of Turpan's famous grape farms. 重点句式：now that引导原因状语从句 “既然” 例句：Now that a positive attitude can bring us so much happiness, why not try our best to keep it? ⚠️和although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so连用一样，now that不能与so连用。 表示“既然，因为”的其他连词：since, seeing that 例句：Seeing that my videos about Chinese culture are loved by so many people, I feel all the hard work I put into them is worthwhile. Section C Using Language 1. in turn 相应地；转而；依次，轮流（常位于句中或句末） in return 作为回报 例句：Don't be afraid of difficulties. They can help you accumulate experience, and then experience can, in turn, broaden your horizons. 拓展短语： - take turns to do sth. / take turns (in) doing sth. 轮流做某事 - It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。 - by turns 轮流地，交替地（强调某些特质或情感的交替） - take a turn for the better / worse 好转/恶化 例句：After hearing the news, Alice laughed softly and cried by turns, her emotions swinging between hope and fear. 2. essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的；本质的，根本的 n.[C, usually pl.] 必不可少的东西，必需品；要点 - be essential to / for 对…来说极其重要 - It is essential (for sb.) to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事很重要。 - It is essential that …(should) do sth. …做某事很有必要（虚拟语气） 例句：Since ancient times, China has been a large agricultural country, so it is essential that we (should) attach importance to agriculture. 例句：Filled with hope and excitement, Maya packed a small bag with essentials: a phone, a compass, food, and warm clothing. 3. alternative n.[C]可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的 alternatively adv.或者；要不然 - an alternative to ……的替代品 - have no alternative but to do sth. 除了做某事之外别无选择 同义：choice / option 例句：As darkness fell, Ken had no alternative but to step out into the storm, making his way to a nearby cottage. - an alternative method / way of doing sth. 做某事的其他方法 - alternative energy 替代能源（指太阳能、风能、水能等） 例句：The adoption of alternative energy such as solar and wind power is essential for reducing carbon emissions. 拓展：“不得不做某事”其他表达：cannot … but do sth, cannot choose but do sth, cannot help but do sth 4. depth n.[C]向下(或向里)的距离；深度；[U]深刻，渊博；极限；详细程度 deep adj. deeply adv.很；非常；深刻地 deepen v.(使)变深，加深 - a metre / foot …in depth 一米/一英尺…深 - at / to a depth of 在(到)……的深度 - in depth 全面；深入；详细 拓展搭配： the depths of the ocean 海洋深处 the depths of winter / despair 在隆冬季节 / 处于绝望深渊 deep into the night 深夜 be deep in thought 陷入沉思 deeply rooted customs / ideas 根深蒂固的习俗/思想 deepen gradually 逐渐变深 5. root n.根；根茎；根部；根源；起源 v.(使)生根；扎根（名词动用） - have one's roots in 起源于 - lie at the root of 起因于 - be rooted in 扎根于；起源于 - rooted to the spot / ground (被吓得)呆住不动 例句①：No country, no happiness. Everyone must be rooted in the soil of the motherland. 例句②：Hearing the news, John froze with shock, as if rooted to the ground. 6. nowhere adv.无处；没有；远远不及 - be nowhere to be seen / found 到处看不到 / 找不到 - get / go nowhere 毫无进展 - get sb. nowhere 让某人毫无进展 - from / out of nowhere 突然发生，突然出现 - in the middle of nowhere 在荒无人烟的地方；在偏僻的地方 例句：He's supposed to be at the airport now to pick up Mr. Anderson, but he's nowhere to be found. 语法点：nowhere位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词或连系动词be提到主语前。 例句：No one can deny the fact that nowhere else is the cashless trend more obvious than in China. 重点句式：同位语从句 ①可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有：news, belief, evidence, proof, idea, fact, promise, question, doubt, thought, hope, message, suggestion, word(消息), possibility等。 例句：Marty asked me the question whether organic food is safer and more nutritious than traditional food. ②同位语从句的连接词：从属连词that, whether；连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which；连接副词when, where, why, how等。 ③分离同位语从句：有时同位语从句和它所说明的名词被谓语分开。 例句：The story goes that villagers will gather under the big tree to pray for a good harvest every autumn. that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别： ①that引导同位语从句时，对前面的名词作进一步解释说明；that只起连接作用，不作成分，没有意义，通常不能省略； ②that引导定语从句时，修饰、限定先行词，that指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，有时可以用which代替，作宾语时可以省略。 例句①：The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.（同位语从句） 例句②：The suggestion (that) he raised at the meeting was of great help to our research.（定语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $