Unit 1 People of Achievement 单词句式精讲 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

本高中英语讲义聚焦人教版高二选择性必修第一册Unit 1核心内容，系统梳理Section A至C的词汇（如crucial、vital的搭配与派生词）、短语（如stand up to、come to power的拓展）、语法（虚拟语气、非谓语动词等）及重点句式（如It strikes sb. that...、find+宾语+宾补），从基础用法到拓展应用构建完整学习支架。 该资料通过词汇语块积累提升语言能力，如归纳“区分A与B”的多种表达培养思维品质，结合贴近生活的例句（如用科学家事迹说明语法）助力学习能力发展。课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后便于学生复习巩固，有效弥补知识盲点。

人教版高二英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 People of Achievement Section A Reading and Thinking 单词精讲 1. crucial adj.至关重要的 副词：crucially adv.至关重要地 搭配： be crucial to/for It is crucial (for sb.) to do sth. It is crucial that…（that引导主语从句，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略） 语块积累： be of crucial importance 至关重要 play a crucial role/part in 在……中起至关重要的作用 crucially important 极其重要 2. vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的 搭配： be vital to/for… It is vital (for sb.) to do sth. It is vital that … 同义短语： be of vital importance play a vital role/part in 例句：There is no doubt that the education of the youth is vital to/for the future of a country. 3. committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 commit vt.承诺，保证；投入（钱或时间）；犯（错误或罪行）；忠于；全心投入（工作、活动等） 搭配： be committed to (doing) sth. = be devoted to (doing) sth. 尽心尽力做某事；全心全意做某事 commit oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺（做）某事 commit …to… 在……上投入…… 语块积累： commit a large sum of money to the project 向这个项目投入大量资金 commit a crime / an error (或a mistake) 犯罪/犯错 commitment n.承诺；投入 make a commitment to sb./sth. 对某人/某物作出承诺 make a commitment to do sth./to doing sth. 承诺做某事 4. objective n.目标；目的（同义：aim/goal） adj.客观的（反义词：subjective 主观的） object n.物体 搭配： With the objective of = for the purpose of 以……为目标 realise/achieve/accomplish/fulfill one's objectives 实现目标 例句：We should look at the objective in an objective manner rather than a subjective manner. 常用表达观点、态度的形容词 positive 赞同的；积极的 favourable 赞同的 supportive 支持的 appreciative 欣赏的 approving 赞成的 acceptable 可接受的 doubtful 怀疑的 critical 批评的 disapproving 不赞成的 uncaring 冷漠的 dismissive 鄙视的 negative 消极的 intolerant 偏执的 tolerant 宽容的 forgiving 宽容的 unclear 不确定的 cautious 谨慎的 contradictory 相互矛盾的 indifferent 漠不关心的；不在乎的 5. evaluate vt.评价；评估 evaluation n.评估；评价 搭配： evaluate one's own ability / work / performance evaluate the costs / value / quality of evaluate the service of the hotel make an evaluation of 例句：When we talk about the scientific spirit, there are many aspects we should evaluate. 6. distinct adj.有区别的；截然不同的；清晰的；清楚的；明显的 搭配：be distinct from = be different from 与……不同 例句1：Chinese is completely distinct from his native Arabic language, so Passant decided to put in extra effort to learn. 例句2：The female teacher's voice was quiet but every word was distinct. 派生词： distinctly adv.清楚地；明显地 distinction n.差别；区别；优秀；独特 distinctive adj.独特的；有特色的 语块积累： make no distinction 没有区别 make /draw distinction between… and… 把……和……区分开来 归纳拓展：“把A与B区分开来”表达方式 make /draw a distinction between A and B tell the difference between A and B tell /distinguish A and B distinguish between A and B 7. boil n.沸点；沸腾 vt.&vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 派生词： boiling adj.炽热的，很热的 a boiling hot day 酷热的一天 熟词生义：boil v.怒火中烧；异常气愤 make one's blood boil 使某人怒不可遏 boil down to (局势、问题等)归结为；基本问题为（不用于进行时） boil sth. down to sth. 把……概括/归纳/压缩为…… 8. obtain vt.&vi.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得；(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 obtainable adj.可获得的；可得到的 搭配： obtain evidence/information 取证/获得信息 obtain (one's) permission 得到(某人的)许可 obtain an admission to …获准进入/加入…… 例句1：With the help of the Internet, we can now obtain many learning materials with ease. 例句2：The tradition of eating mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival still obtains in China. 9. acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢；告知收悉 acknowledgement n.承认；感谢；收件复函 搭配： acknowledge doing / having done sth. 承认做(了)某事 acknowledge …as /to be 承认……是…… It is universally /generally /widely acknowledged that… 人们普遍认为…… in acknowledgement of 作为对……的感谢 例句1：In order to acknowledge his selfless help, the old couple invited him to run a big hotel. 例句2：I would be grateful if you would acknowledge the receipt of this letter. 10. defeat n.失败；挫败（反义词：victory 胜利） vt.击败；战胜；难住 搭配： suffer a defeat 遭受失败 acknowledge /admit/accept defeat 认输/接受失败 a narrow /heavy defeat 惜败/惨败 a big /bad defeat 大败 be defeated by three goals to one 以一比三的比分战败 11. apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 apparent adj.显而易见的；表面上的 同义转换：It is apparent (to sb.) that… = It is clear /obvious /evident that…=Apparently 例句1：Apparently, those great scientists like Qian Xuesen and Yuan Longping set a good example to teenagers. 例句2：Nowadays, it is apparent that technology has deeply influenced every aspect of our lives. 12. insist vt.&vi.坚持；坚决要求 insistence n.坚决要求；坚持 insistent adj.坚持要求的；反复的 搭配： insist on/upon (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 坚持要求(某人)做某事 insist that… 坚持/坚决要求…… ✍语法：that从句表“坚决要求”用虚拟语气，谓语用(should)+动词原形，should可省略； insist that 表“表明、声称”时，从句使用陈述语气。 例句1：Wang Dewen, known as "Grandpa Amu", insists that he is not an Internet star but just an ordinary farmer. 例句2：His words suggest that he didn't do well in the exam, so I suggest that you (should) encourage him to work harder. 13. 主语 + be thought + 不定式(短语) = It's thought that… 互换：某人/某物被认为…… be thought to do (表示一般情况或动作将要发生) be thought to be doing (表示动作正在进行) be thought to have done (表示动作已经完成) be thought to be done (表示被动且动作将要发生) be thought to have been done (表示被动且动作已经完成) 同义替换动词：said/believed/considered/reported/announced 例句：Chinese is thought to be spoken even more widely in the future world. =It is thought that Chinese will be spoken even more widely in the future world. 14. on/upon + n./v.-ing 一……就……；在……的时候；当……时 on/upon + v.-ing 或表动作属性的名词作宾语，构成介词短语，在句中作时间状语。 例句：Upon returning from the UK, Huang Danian was appointed chief scientist of China's deep earth exploration program. 归纳拓展：“一……就……”其他表达 as soon as（引导时间状语从句） the moment/minute/instant/second（名词用作连词）+句子 immediately/instantly/directly（副词用作连词）+句子 hardly/scarcely …when… / no sooner …than… ✍语法：置于句首，则主句用部分倒装，从句不倒装 例句1：Hardly had the girls reached the park when they high-fived each other as if they had conquered the world. 例句2：Instantly we arrived at the park, we began to pick up the rubbish on the ground. Section B Learning About Language 1. stand up to ①(材料、产品等)能承受，经受得住；耐(……)，经得住(检验、审查等)+sth. ②抵抗，勇敢反对(+sb.) 拓展stand短语： stand up for 支持；维护 stand up for one's decision 支持某人的决定 stand up for one's right 维护某人的权利 stand by 袖手旁观；支持；遵守（协议等） stand by you 支持你 stand by the policy 遵守这项政策 stand for 代表；表示；拥护 stand for strength 象征着力量 stand firmly for peace 坚决拥护和平 stand out 突出；显眼 2. wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 wear away (因重复使用或摩擦而)变薄，变光滑；磨去 wear out 用坏；穿破；使筋疲力尽 例句1：Water can wear away rocks after a long time, even though the rock is harder. 例句2：They were worn out after a long day spent working in the fields.（过去分词作后置定语） 3. conclusion n.结论；推论；结束 conclude vt.断定；推断出；使结束；终止 conclusion搭配： come to/arrive at /draw / reach a conclusion 得出结论 jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论 bring …to a conclusion 使……结束 in conclusion 最后；总之 conclude搭配： conclude sth. (from sth.) (从……中)推断出/断定…… conclude (sth.) with sth. /by doing sth. 以……结束(……) to conclude 总之，最后 4. circumstance n.(通常复数)条件，环境，状况；境况，境遇 搭配： in /under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此 in /under no circumstances 决不（位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装） 例句：In/Under no circumstances should we ignore the importance of environmental protection. 重点句式 It strikes/struck sb. that/how/what… 某人突然想到/意识到…… （it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句） 例句：It struck his family that Huang Xuhua, who had been away for years, was actually committed to the research and development of nuclear submarines. 表达“某人突然想到……”同义句式： Sth. occur(s) to /comes to sb. It occurred to /came to /hit sb. that… It occurred to sb. to do sth. 例句1：A bright idea suddenly occurred to /came to me that I could use the money I saved to help homeless animals. 例句2：It hit /came to /occurred to me that the precious lesson taught by my dad would definitely guide me. Section C Using Language 1. find – found – found vt.发现 found – founded – founded vt.建立 found vt.创建；建立；把……建立在 搭配：found …on/upon 将……建立在……之上 be founded on 建立在……的基础上；建筑物建于…… found a club /a company /a school /an organization founder n.创办者；发起人 foundation n.地基；基础；根据 lay a (firm /solid) foundation for… 为……打下（坚实的）基础 2. passion n.酷爱；激情；盛怒；激愤 passionate adj.热诚的；狂热的 搭配： out of a strong passion for 出于对……的强烈热爱 have a passion for 酷爱 with great passion 充满激情地 fly into a passion 勃然大怒 3. come to power (开始)掌权；上台（强调动作，不与时间段连用） 拓展短语： be in power 执政（强调状态，可与时间段连用） return to power 重掌政权 take/seize power 掌握/夺取政权 beyond/out of one's power 为某人能力所不及 within one's power 在某人能力（权力）范围之内 do all/everything in one's power to do sth. 竭尽某人所能做某事 例句：Every time I get into trouble and turn to James, he'll do everything in his power to help me. 4. consequence n.结果，后果；重要性 consequent adj.随之发生的 consequently adv.因此；所以 短语辨析： as a consequence / in consequence = as a result 结果，因此 as a consequence of /in consequence of = as a result of 由于 ✍表原因：result /arise from 由……引起；as a result of , due to, because of , owing to, on account of ✍表结果：as a result；consequently /therefore /thus /thereby；result in /lead to /bring about /contribute to 导致；造成 5. take up a position 担任；任职 take up 开始从事；开始担当；占据(空间)；继续；接受(建议，挑战等) take up a lot of time /space 占用大量时间/占据大量空间 take up the challenge 接受挑战 take down 写下；记下 take over 接管 take in 吸入；理解 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 take off 脱下；起飞；休假；突然大受欢迎 6. encounter vt.&n.偶然碰到；与……邂逅；遭遇；遇到 搭配： encounter problems /difficulties 遇到问题/困难 have an encounter with 与……相遇；接触 同义替换：come across /run into /run across 偶然遇到 例句：On the way back home, they encountered Jack and this chance encounter greatly impressed me. 7. sum up 总结；概括；合计 to sum up 总之 in sum 总之，总而言之 a (large) sum of 一(大)笔 例句：To sum up / In sum, students should be encouraged to develop critical thinking instead of accepting various opinions without thinking about them. 重点句式：find +宾语+宾补 “发现……处于……状态” 结构1：find+宾语 +名词短语/形容词短语/副词短语/介词短语 例句：After arriving there, Lin Junde found himself in an experimental base for studying the "two bombs " in the Gobi Desert. 结构2：find+宾语 +现在分词短语（主动关系，动作正在进行） 例句：When Miss Yang came into the classroom as usual, she found all the students smiling at her. 结构3：find+宾语 +过去分词短语（被动关系） 例句：When the mother and the daughter found themselves so surrounded by floods, they shouted for help. 结构4：find + it（形式宾语）+宾补 +不定式(真正宾语)=find +宾语从句 例句：Many students find it motivating to study with their peers. =Many students find (that) it is motivating to study with their peers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $