Unit 4 Friends forever 熟词生义专项练习-2026-2027学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦高中英语熟词生义，通过“词义认知-语境辨析-词块应用-语篇输出”的递进式训练，系统提升多义词在不同语境中的理解与运用能力，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词义速配|8题|单句语境判断目标词词义编号|从基础词义识别到语境初步关联| |语境辨义填空|4空|语篇中选择目标词正确词义|强化语篇层面的词义辨析能力| |词块英译汉|12个|固定搭配中目标词多义翻译|建立词块与词义的对应关系| |汉译英单句|8句|按生义要求完成句子翻译|实现词义从输入到输出的转化| |语篇填空微写作|4空+改写|语篇中运用目标词生义并改写|综合应用与语言创新能力提升|

熟词生义专项练习一 deliver · illustrate · quality · fortune 【教师版 · 含答案解析】 词义参考卡 目标词 词义 deliver ①递送/投递 ②发表（演说、讲话） ③接生 illustrate ①给…加插图 ②（举例）说明/阐明 ③证明/表明 quality ①质量 ②品质/品格 ③特性/特质 fortune ①财富/大笔钱 ②运气 ③命运/前途（常用复数） 一、词义速配 【要求】阅读下列句子，根据上下文判断画线词的词义编号。 1. The postman delivers letters to every house on this street. 词义：① 2. The professor will deliver a speech on climate change tomorrow. 词义：② 3. The textbook is illustrated with colorful photos. 词义：① 4. This example illustrates how important teamwork is. 词义：② 5. The quality of this smartphone is excellent. 词义：① 6. Patience is one of her best qualities. 词义：② 7. He made a fortune by selling his software company. 词义：① 8. She had the good fortune to win a scholarship. 词义：② 二、语境辨义填空 【要求】阅读短文，从词义池中选出画线词的正确词义。 When Lisa was chosen to (1) deliver a speech at the graduation ceremony, she felt both excited and nervous. She wanted to (2) illustrate her ideas with real-life examples so that everyone could understand. Her teacher, Ms. Wang, had many good (3) qualities — patience, wisdom, and humor — that made her a great mentor. Lisa knew she was lucky to have such a teacher and owed her good (4) fortune to Ms. Wang's guidance. 词义池： A B C (1) deliver 递送（包裹） 发表（演说） 接生 (2) illustrate （举例）说明 给…加插图 证明/表明 (3) qualities 质量 特性/特质 品质/品格 (4) fortune 运气 财富 命运/前途 答案：(1) B (2) A (3) C (4) A 三、词块英译汉 【要求】写出下列词块的中文意思，注意同一个词在不同词块中词义可能不同。 deliver 1. deliver a package — 递送包裹 2. deliver a speech — 发表演讲 3. deliver a baby — 接生 illustrate 4. an illustrated book — 带插图的书 5. illustrate a point — 说明/阐明观点 6. illustrate that — 表明/证明…… quality 7. product quality — 产品质量 8. personal qualities — 个人品质/品格 9. a distinctive quality — 独特的特质 fortune 10. make a fortune — 发财/赚大钱 11. good fortune — 好运 12. the fortunes of — ……的兴衰/命运 四、汉译英单句 【要求】根据中文提示和括号中的生义要求，用目标词写出完整的英文句子。 1. 校长将在明天的毕业典礼上发表演讲。 （deliver — ②发表，deliver a speech） → The principal will deliver a speech at the graduation ceremony tomorrow. 2. 这位医生在乡村医院接生了数百个婴儿。 （deliver — ③接生，deliver a baby） → The doctor delivered hundreds of babies in the rural hospital. 3. 老师用两个例子阐明了这个语法点。 （illustrate — ②说明/阐明，illustrate sth. with sth.） → The teacher illustrated the grammar point with two examples. 4. 这项研究表明定期锻炼对健康至关重要。 （illustrate — ③证明/表明，illustrate that...） → This study illustrates that regular exercise is essential for health. 5. 领导力是她最突出的品质之一。 （quality — ②品质/品格，用复数形式 qualities） → Leadership is one of her most outstanding qualities. 6. 这座城市的光线有一种独特的特质，吸引了许多画家。 （quality — ③特性/特质，a distinctive quality） → The light in this city has a distinctive quality that attracts many painters. 7. 她很幸运能获得出国留学的机会。 （fortune — ②运气，have the good fortune to do） → She had the good fortune to get the chance to study abroad. 8. 经济政策的变化将影响小企业的兴衰。 （fortune — ③命运/前途，the fortunes of，用复数） → Changes in economic policies will affect the fortunes of small businesses. 五、语篇填空微写作 【要求】阅读短文，根据括号中的中文提示填入目标词的正确形式。 Last month, our school invited a famous writer to (1) deliver（用"发表"义）a talk about creative writing. She used funny stories to (2) illustrate（用"说明"义）her points, and everyone was deeply engaged. What impressed us most was the unique (3) quality（用"特性"义）of her voice — it was calm and reassuring. Many students said they were lucky to have this opportunity, and they owed their good (4) fortune（用"运气"义）to the school's effort. 【答案解析】 (1) deliver — ②发表（演说、讲话）。deliver a talk 意为"做讲座/发表演讲"，此处指作家受邀来校演讲。 (2) illustrate — ②（举例）说明/阐明。illustrate her points 意为"说明她的观点"，用有趣的故事来解释观点。 (3) quality — ③特性/特质。the unique quality of her voice 意为"她声音的独特特质"，指声音与众不同的特点。 (4) fortune — ②运气。good fortune 意为"好运"，学生们认为能有机会参加讲座是幸运的。 ★ 附加挑战（选做）：把第五题的短文用自己的话改写一遍，保留四个生义但替换掉框架句式。 【改写参考】 The renowned author was invited to deliver a talk at our school last month. To illustrate her points, she shared amusing anecdotes that kept everyone engaged. The distinctive quality of her voice — calm and reassuring — left a lasting impression. Many felt privileged to attend and credited their good fortune to the school's effort. 熟词生义专项练习二 turn up · strike · plain · scene 【教师版 · 含答案解析】 词义参考卡 目标词 词义 turn up ①调大（音量等）·熟义　②出现/露面 ·生义 strike ①打/击 ·熟义　②突然想到（it struck sb that…）·生义　③（钟）敲响报时 ·生义 plain ①朴素的/简单的 ·熟义　②平原（名词）·生义　③明显的/清楚的 ·生义 scene ①场景/场面 ·熟义　②事发地点 ·生义　③当众大闹/发脾气（make a scene）·生义 一、词义速配 【要求】阅读下列句子，根据上下文判断画线词的词义编号。 1. Could you turn up the music? I can barely hear it. 词义：① 2. We waited for an hour, but Jack never turned up. 词义：② 3. The angry man struck the table with his fist. 词义：① 4. It suddenly struck me that I had left my keys at home. 词义：② 5. She wore a plain white dress to the party. 词义：① 6. The cattle grazed on the open plain near the mountains. 词义：② 7. The movie opens with a scene in a busy restaurant. 词义：① 8. The little boy made a scene when his mother refused to buy the toy. 词义：③ 二、语境辨义填空 【要求】阅读短文，从词义池中选出画线词的正确词义。 Last Friday, something unusual happened at our school. Our math teacher, Mr. Lee, never (1) turned up for the morning class — we waited for twenty minutes. Then it (2) struck me that he had mentioned a doctor’s appointment the day before. Our school sits on a wide (3) plain, far from the city center, so news travels slowly here. During the break, two boys had a heated argument in the hallway. One of them made a terrible (4) scene, and the whole class came out to watch. 词义池： A B C (1) turn up 调大（音量） 出现/露面 翻开（书页） (2) strike 打/击 罢工 突然想到 (3) plain 朴素的 平原 明显的 (4) scene 场景/场面 事发地点 当众大闹 答案：(1) B (2) C (3) B (4) C 三、词块英译汉 【要求】写出下列词块的中文意思，注意同一个词在不同词块中词义可能不同。 turn up 1. turn up the volume — 把音量调大 2. turn up at the party — 出现在聚会上 3. never turn up — 从不露面 strike 4. strike the table — 拍桌子 5. it struck me that — 我突然想到 6. strike twelve — 敲响十二点 plain 7. a plain white shirt — 一件朴素的白衬衫 8. a vast plain — 广阔的平原 9. plain to see — 显而易见 scene 10. a romantic scene — 浪漫的场景 11. the scene of the accident — 事故现场 12. make a scene — 当众大闹/发脾气 四、汉译英单句 【要求】根据中文提示和括号中的生义要求，用目标词写出完整的英文句子。 1. 我们等了半小时，但她始终没有露面。 （turn up — ②出现/露面） → We waited for half an hour, but she never turned up. 2. 你猜昨天谁出现在了我的生日聚会上？ （turn up — ②出现/露面） → Guess who turned up at my birthday party yesterday? 3. 我突然想到自己忘了关灯。 （strike — ②突然想到，it struck me that…） → It suddenly struck me that I had forgotten to turn off the lights. 4. 她突然想到可以用另一种方法解决这个问题。 （strike — ②突然想到，it struck sb that…） → It struck her that she could solve the problem in a different way. 5. 很明显，他没有认真对待这件事。 （plain — ③明显的/清楚的，it is plain that…） → It is plain that he didn’t take it seriously. 6. 农民们在这片广阔的平原上种植小麦。 （plain — ②平原（名词）） → The farmers grow wheat on this vast plain. 7. 警察很快就赶到了事故现场。 （scene — ②事发地点） → The police quickly arrived at the scene of the accident. 8. 不要在公共场合大吵大闹。 （scene — ③当众大闹，make a scene） → Don’t make a scene in public. 五、语篇填空微写作 【要求】阅读短文，根据括号中的中文提示填入目标词的正确形式。 Last Saturday, our school held a concert on a wide (1) plain（用"平原"义）at the edge of town. The guest singer didn’t (2) turn up（用"出现/露面"义）until an hour late. While waiting, it (3) struck（用"突然想到"义，需用it...that结构）me that I had left my phone at home. Just then, a boy started shouting at his friend, making a terrible (4) scene（用"当众大闹"义）. Everyone stared. Finally the music began and we all calmed down. 【答案解析】 (1) plain — ②平原。指学校音乐会所在的宽阔平地，名词用法。 (2) turn up — ②出现/露面。didn’t后接动词原形，指嘉宾歌手迟迟未到。 (3) struck — ②突然想到。"it struck me that..."为固定结构，意为"我突然想到…"，此处用过去式。 (4) scene — ③当众大闹。"make a scene"为固定搭配，意为"当众大闹/发脾气"。 ★ 附加挑战（选做）：把第五题的短文用自己的话改写一遍，保留四个生义但替换掉框架句式。 【改写参考】 Last Saturday, our school organized a concert on an open plain near the town’s border. The invited singer failed to turn up on time. As we waited, it suddenly struck me that my phone was still at home. Nearby, a student began yelling at his companion, creating an awful scene that drew everyone’s attention. Luckily, the performance finally started, and the tension quickly disappeared. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 熟词生义专项练习一 deliver · illustrate · quality · fortune 【学生版】 词义参考卡 目标词 词义 deliver ①递送/投递 ②发表（演说、讲话） ③接生 illustrate ①给…加插图 ②（举例）说明/阐明 ③证明/表明 quality ①质量 ②品质/品格 ③特性/特质 fortune ①财富/大笔钱 ②运气 ③命运/前途（常用复数） 一、词义速配 【要求】阅读下列句子，根据上下文判断画线词的词义编号。 1. The postman delivers letters to every house on this street. 词义编号：______ 2. The professor will deliver a speech on climate change tomorrow. 词义编号：______ 3. The textbook is illustrated with colorful photos. 词义编号：______ 4. This example illustrates how important teamwork is. 词义编号：______ 5. The quality of this smartphone is excellent. 词义编号：______ 6. Patience is one of her best qualities. 词义编号：______ 7. He made a fortune by selling his software company. 词义编号：______ 8. She had the good fortune to win a scholarship. 词义编号：______ 二、语境辨义填空 【要求】阅读短文，从词义池中选出画线词的正确词义。 When Lisa was chosen to (1) deliver a speech at the graduation ceremony, she felt both excited and nervous. She wanted to (2) illustrate her ideas with real-life examples so that everyone could understand. Her teacher, Ms. Wang, had many good (3) qualities — patience, wisdom, and humor — that made her a great mentor. Lisa knew she was lucky to have such a teacher and owed her good (4) fortune to Ms. Wang's guidance. 词义池： A B C (1) deliver 递送（包裹） 发表（演说） 接生 (2) illustrate （举例）说明 给…加插图 证明/表明 (3) qualities 质量 特性/特质 品质/品格 (4) fortune 运气 财富 命运/前途 答案：(1) ____ (2) ____ (3) ____ (4) ____ 三、词块英译汉 【要求】写出下列词块的中文意思，注意同一个词在不同词块中词义可能不同。 deliver 1. deliver a package — __________________ 2. deliver a speech — __________________ 3. deliver a baby — __________________ illustrate 4. an illustrated book — __________________ 5. illustrate a point — __________________ 6. illustrate that — __________________ quality 7. product quality — __________________ 8. personal qualities — __________________ 9. a distinctive quality — __________________ fortune 10. make a fortune — __________________ 11. good fortune — __________________ 12. the fortunes of — __________________ 四、汉译英单句 【要求】根据中文提示和括号中的生义要求，用目标词写出完整的英文句子。 1. 校长将在明天的毕业典礼上发表演讲。 （deliver — ②发表，deliver a speech） ________________________________________________ 2. 这位医生在乡村医院接生了数百个婴儿。 （deliver — ③接生，deliver a baby） ________________________________________________ 3. 老师用两个例子阐明了这个语法点。 （illustrate — ②说明/阐明，illustrate sth. with sth.） ________________________________________________ 4. 这项研究表明定期锻炼对健康至关重要。 （illustrate — ③证明/表明，illustrate that...） ________________________________________________ 5. 领导力是她最突出的品质之一。 （quality — ②品质/品格，用复数形式 qualities） ________________________________________________ 6. 这座城市的光线有一种独特的特质，吸引了许多画家。 （quality — ③特性/特质，a distinctive quality） ________________________________________________ 7. 她很幸运能获得出国留学的机会。 （fortune — ②运气，have the good fortune to do） ________________________________________________ 8. 经济政策的变化将影响小企业的兴衰。 （fortune — ③命运/前途，the fortunes of，用复数） ________________________________________________ 五、语篇填空微写作 【要求】阅读短文，根据括号中的中文提示填入目标词的正确形式。 Last month, our school invited a famous writer to (1)________（用"发表"义）a talk about creative writing. She used funny stories to (2)________（用"说明"义）her points, and everyone was deeply engaged. What impressed us most was the unique (3)________（用"特性"义）of her voice — it was calm and reassuring. Many students said they were lucky to have this opportunity, and they owed their good (4)________（用"运气"义）to the school's effort. ★ 附加挑战（选做）：把第五题的短文用自己的话改写一遍，保留四个生义但替换掉框架句式。 熟词生义专项练习二 turn up · strike · plain · scene 【学生版】 词义参考卡 目标词 词义 turn up ①调大（音量等）·熟义　②出现/露面 ·生义 strike ①打/击 ·熟义　②突然想到（it struck sb that…）·生义　③（钟）敲响报时 ·生义 plain ①朴素的/简单的 ·熟义　②平原（名词）·生义　③明显的/清楚的 ·生义 scene ①场景/场面 ·熟义　②事发地点 ·生义　③当众大闹/发脾气（make a scene）·生义 一、词义速配 【要求】阅读下列句子，根据上下文判断画线词的词义编号。 1. Could you turn up the music? I can barely hear it. 词义编号：______ 2. We waited for an hour, but Jack never turned up. 词义编号：______ 3. The angry man struck the table with his fist. 词义编号：______ 4. It suddenly struck me that I had left my keys at home. 词义编号：______ 5. She wore a plain white dress to the party. 词义编号：______ 6. The cattle grazed on the open plain near the mountains. 词义编号：______ 7. The movie opens with a scene in a busy restaurant. 词义编号：______ 8. The little boy made a scene when his mother refused to buy the toy. 词义编号：______ 二、语境辨义填空 【要求】阅读短文，从词义池中选出画线词的正确词义。 Last Friday, something unusual happened at our school. Our math teacher, Mr. Lee, never (1) turned up for the morning class — we waited for twenty minutes. Then it (2) struck me that he had mentioned a doctor’s appointment the day before. Our school sits on a wide (3) plain, far from the city center, so news travels slowly here. During the break, two boys had a heated argument in the hallway. One of them made a terrible (4) scene, and the whole class came out to watch. 词义池： A B C (1) turn up 调大（音量） 出现/露面 翻开（书页） (2) strike 打/击 罢工 突然想到 (3) plain 朴素的 平原 明显的 (4) scene 场景/场面 事发地点 当众大闹 答案：(1) ____ (2) ____ (3) ____ (4) ____ 三、词块英译汉 【要求】写出下列词块的中文意思，注意同一个词在不同词块中词义可能不同。 turn up 1. turn up the volume — __________________ 2. turn up at the party — __________________ 3. never turn up — __________________ strike 4. strike the table — __________________ 5. it struck me that — __________________ 6. strike twelve — __________________ plain 7. a plain white shirt — __________________ 8. a vast plain — __________________ 9. plain to see — __________________ scene 10. a romantic scene — __________________ 11. the scene of the accident — __________________ 12. make a scene — __________________ 四、汉译英单句 【要求】根据中文提示和括号中的生义要求，用目标词写出完整的英文句子。 1. 我们等了半小时，但她始终没有露面。 （turn up — ②出现/露面） ________________________________________________ 2. 你猜昨天谁出现在了我的生日聚会上？ （turn up — ②出现/露面） ________________________________________________ 3. 我突然想到自己忘了关灯。 （strike — ②突然想到，it struck me that…） ________________________________________________ 4. 她突然想到可以用另一种方法解决这个问题。 （strike — ②突然想到，it struck sb that…） ________________________________________________ 5. 很明显，他没有认真对待这件事。 （plain — ③明显的/清楚的，it is plain that…） ________________________________________________ 6. 农民们在这片广阔的平原上种植小麦。 （plain — ②平原（名词）） ________________________________________________ 7. 警察很快就赶到了事故现场。 （scene — ②事发地点） ________________________________________________ 8. 不要在公共场合大吵大闹。 （scene — ③当众大闹，make a scene） ________________________________________________ 五、语篇填空微写作 【要求】阅读短文，根据括号中的中文提示填入目标词的正确形式。 Last Saturday, our school held a concert on a wide (1)________（用"平原"义）at the edge of town. The guest singer didn’t (2)________（用"出现/露面"义）until an hour late. While waiting, it (3)________（用"突然想到"义，需用it...that结构）me that I had left my phone at home. Just then, a boy started shouting at his friend, making a terrible (4)________（用"当众大闹"义）. Everyone stared. Finally the music began and we all calmed down. ★ 附加挑战（选做）：把第五题的短文用自己的话改写一遍，保留四个生义但替换掉框架句式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $