Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元讲义2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

本讲义围绕“Amazing Plants and Animals”主题，系统梳理重点词汇（如amazing, bamboo, ecosystem等）、核心短语（如the largest animal, one of the most...）、形容词/副词最高级语法（规则与不规则变化及核心句型）、重点句型（如What makes... amazing?）及课文关键句，构建从词汇积累到语法应用再到语篇理解的学习支架，帮助学生循序渐进掌握单元知识。 该资料亮点在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养，通过“竹子象征美德”“蜀南竹海”等中国文化元素渗透家国情怀，借助语法对比练习（如规则与不规则变化）提升思维品质。习题涵盖单选、补全对话、书面表达等多元形式，课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生巩固语法知识、查漏补缺，有效提升英语综合运用能力。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元讲义 第一部分 知识归纳 一、重点单词 1. amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj. 令人惊奇的 2. plant /plɑːnt/n. 植物 v. 种植 3. animal /ˈænɪml/n. 动物 4. moss /mɒs/n. 苔藓 5. redwood /ˈredwʊd/n. 红杉；红木树 6. whale /weɪl/n. 鲸鱼 7. blue whale 蓝鲸 8. cheetah /ˈtʃiːtə/n. 猎豹 9. fold /fəʊld/v. 折叠 10. fan /fæn/n. 扇子；风扇 11. bamboo /bæmˈbuː/n. 竹子 12. subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/n. 题材；主题；科目 13. symbol /ˈsɪmbl/n. 象征 14. goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/n. 美好；美德 15. bamboo shoot 竹笋 16. instrument /ˈɪnstrəmənt/n. 乐器；工具 17. tool /tuːl/n. 工具 18. pollination /ˌpɒlɪˈneɪʃn/n. 授粉 19. bee /biː/n. 蜜蜂 20. honey /ˈhʌni/n. 蜂蜜 21. honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm/n. 蜂巢 22. pollen /ˈpɒlən/n. 花粉 23. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/v. 交流；沟通 24. ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/n. 生态系统 25. planet /ˈplænɪt/n. 星球；地球 26. protect /prəˈtekt/v. 保护 27. ginkgo /ˈɡɪŋkɡəʊ/n. 银杏树 28. ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/adj. 古老的 29. peony /ˈpiːəni/n. 牡丹 30. lotus /ˈləʊtəs/n. 荷花；莲花 31. butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/n. 蝴蝶 32. wing /wɪŋ/n. 翅膀 33. frog /frɒɡ/n. 青蛙 34. land /lænd/n. 陆地 35. climate /ˈklaɪmət/n. 气候 36. store /stɔː(r)/v. 储存；储藏 37. weigh /weɪ/v. 重达；称重 38. weight /weɪt/n. 重量 39. disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/adj. 失望的 40. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/v. 想象 41. appear /əˈpɪə(r)/v. 出现 42. connection /kəˈnekʃn/n. 联系；关联 43. common /ˈkɒmən/adj. 普通的；常见的 44. popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/adj. 受欢迎的 45. cute /kjuːt/adj. 可爱的 46. colourful /ˈkʌləfl/adj. 色彩艳丽的 二、重点短语 1. the largest animal 最大的动物 2. the heaviest animal 最重的动物 3. the fastest land animal 跑得最快的陆地动物 4. the tallest tree 最高的树 5. the oldest living tree 现存最古老的树 6. one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 …… 中最…… 之一 7. a folding fan 折扇 8. a symbol of goodness 美好品德的象征 9. Bamboo Sea 蜀南竹海 10. fast-growing plants 生长迅速的植物 11. build houses 建造房屋 12. make tools and instruments 制作工具与乐器 13. bamboo shoots 竹笋 14. pollinate flowers /do pollination 授粉 15. visit flowers 采花；访花 16. store honey 储存蜂蜜 17. dance to communicate 靠舞蹈交流 18. play an important part in 在…… 中起到重要作用 19. drop in number 数量减少 20. live up to 活到（多少岁） 21. protect plants and animals 保护动植物 22. cannot live without … 离不开…… 23. take care of 爱护；照料 三、语法精讲：形容词 / 副词最高级（三者及以上比较） 1. 构成规则 1）规则变化 ① 一般直接加 -est：tall—tallest；fast—fastest ② 以 e 结尾只加 -st：large—largest；nice—nicest ③ 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 -est：big—biggest；thin—thinnest ④ 辅音字母 + y：变 y 为 i 加 - est：heavy—heaviest；busy—busiest ⑤ 多音节词 / 部分双音节：most + 原级 beautiful → most beautiful；useful → most useful；colourful → most colourful 2）不规则变化 good/well → best；much/many → most 2. 核心句型 主语 + be + the + 最高级 + 范围 (in/of/among…) The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. 蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物。 one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 …… 中最…… 之一 Bamboo is one of the most useful plants on earth. 竹子是地球上最有用的植物之一。 副词最高级（动词搭配） The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 猎豹是所有陆地动物里跑得最快的。 3. 关键注意点 最高级前面一般必须加定冠词 the； 范围标志词：in the world /in China /among all animals 句型转换示例 原句：Rose is beautiful. Peony is beautiful. Lotus is beautiful. 合并最高级：Which is the most beautiful, rose, peony or lotus? 四、重点句型 1. What makes plants and animals amazing? 是什么让动植物如此神奇？ 2. It’s the largest /heaviest animal in the world. 它是世界上体型最大 / 最重的动物。 3. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world. 竹子是世界上生长速度最快的植物之一。 4. It’s a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture. 它在中国文化中是美好品德的象征。 5. People, plants, and animals are all connected. 人类、植物、动物彼此息息相关。 6. Without bees, about 80% of plants cannot grow. 如果没有蜜蜂，大约 80% 的植物无法繁衍。 7. Bees are one of the most important animals on this planet. 蜜蜂是地球上最重要的动物之一。 8. Take care of animals and plants because we cannot live without them. 爱护动植物，因为我们的生存离不开它们。 五、核心课文句子 1. The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth and can eat four tons of small sea creatures every day. 蓝鲸是地球上体型最大、最重的动物，每天能吞食四吨海洋小型生物。 2. Sichuan Bamboo Sea has the largest and thickest bamboo forest in China; bamboo 一日可长近一米，用途十分广泛。 四川蜀南竹海拥有中国面积最大、最茂密的竹林，竹子一天能长高近一米，用途十分广泛。 3. Bamboo stands for goodness in Chinese paintings; people use it to 建房、造乐器、做器物，竹笋还可食用。 竹子在中国画作中象征君子美德，人们用它建房、制作工具乐器，竹笋还能食用。 4. Bees’ main job is pollination, they travel between flowers and carry pollen to help plants reproduce. 蜜蜂最主要的工作是授粉，它们穿梭花丛携带花粉，帮助植物结果繁衍。 5. Bees use special dances to tell partners the location and distance of new food sources. 蜜蜂依靠独特的舞蹈，向同伴传递新蜜源的方位与距离。 6. Ginkgo trees are one of the oldest living plants, they symbolize hope and longevity in China. 银杏树是现存最古老的植物之一，在中国象征希望与长寿。 7. Frogs live both on land and in water, they eat harmful insects and help protect farm crops. 青蛙水陆两栖，捕食害虫，守护农田作物。 8. All wildlife and plants form a balanced ecosystem, their decline will affect human life greatly. 所有动植物构成平衡的生态系统，它们数量锐减会严重影响人类生存。 第二部分 配套习题 一、单项选择题 1. The blue whale is ______ animal in the world. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 2. Cheetahs run ______ among all land animals. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 3. Bamboo is one of ______ plants in China. A. useful B. more useful C. most useful D. the most useful 4. Bees do pollination, so they are ______ important animals on the planet. A. one of the most B. one most C. the more D. much more 5. The ginkgo tree is one of ______ trees on earth. A. ancient B. more ancient C. the most ancient D. most ancient 6. We can’t live ______ plants and animals. A. with B. without C. for D. of 7. This butterfly has ______ wings I have ever seen. A. colourful B. more colourful C. most colourful D. the most colourful 8. Frogs play an important ______ in the ecosystem. A. part B. symbol C. weight D. fan 9. We must ______ wild animals and forests. A. store B. protect C. weigh D. imagine 10. The redwood tree is ______ tree in North America. A. tall B. taller C. the tallest D. tallest 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 蓝鲸是世界上最重的动物。 The blue whale is ______ ______ ______ animal in the world. 2. 竹子是世界上生长最快的植物之一。 Bamboo is ______ ______ ______ fastest-growing plants in the world. 3. 竹子在中国文化中是美德的象征。 Bamboo is ______ ______ ______ goodness in Chinese culture. 4. 蜀南竹海拥有中国面积最大、最茂密的竹林。 The Bamboo Sea has ______ ______ and ______ ______ bamboo forest in China. 5. 没有蜜蜂，很多植物无法生长。 ______ bees, many plants can’t ______. 6. 蜜蜂靠舞蹈和同伴交流食物的位置。 Bees ______ with partners by ______ to tell where food is. 7. 银杏树是现存最古老的树种之一。 Ginkgo trees are one of ______ ______ ______ living trees on earth. 8. 我们离不开动植物，所以要好好保护它们。 We can’t live ______ plants and animals, so we need ______ ______ them well. 9. 猎豹是跑得最快的陆地动物。 The cheetah is ______ ______ land animal that runs. 10. 蜜蜂在地球上的生态系统中起到至关重要的作用。 Bees play ______ ______ ______ in the planet’s ecosystem. 三、按要求完成句子（最高级专项） 1. Rose is beautiful. Peony is beautiful. Lotus is beautiful.（三物比较，写问句） Which is ______ ______, rose, peony or lotus? 2. The blue whale is heavy. No other animal is heavier than it.（改为最高级） The blue whale is ______ ______ animal in the world. 3. Cheetahs run fast. All other land animals run slower.（最高级） Cheetahs run ______ ______ of all land animals. 4. Bamboo is very useful. Many plants are less useful.（one of 最高级） Bamboo is ______ ______ ______ useful plants in the world. 5. This butterfly has colourful wings. All others are not so colourful.（最高级） This butterfly has ______ ______ wings of all. 6. I think pandas are cute. All other animals are less cute.（最高级） I think pandas are ______ ______ animals in the world. 7. The ginkgo tree is ancient. Few trees are older.（one of 最高级） The ginkgo tree is one of ______ ______ ______ trees on earth. 8. People love ginkgo leaves in autumn, it’s a popular activity.（最高级改写） Walking under ginkgo trees is ______ ______ activities in autumn. 四、单词适当形式填空 1. The blue whale is the ______ (heavy) animal on earth. 2. Cheetahs run the ______ (fast) among land animals. 3. Bamboo is one of the ______ (use) plants in the world. 4. This butterfly has the ______ (colourful) wings I’ve ever seen. 5. Ginkgo is one of the ______ (ancient) living trees. 6. I felt ______ (disappoint) when I saw fewer bees outside. 7. Bees use dances ______ (communicate) with each other. 8. We need ______ (protect) all kinds of wildlife. 9. The big whale ______ (weigh) over 200 tons. 10. It’s hard ______ (imagine) a world without bees. 五、选词填空（词库：one of the most, play an important part, a symbol of, without, take care of, store honey） 1. Bamboo is ______ useful plants in Asia. 2. Panda loves bamboo, and bamboo is ______ gentleman’s virtue in Chinese art. 3. ______ bees, most fruit trees can’t bear fruit. 4. Bees build honeycombs to ______ for winter. 5. All plants and animals ______ in our balanced ecosystem. 6. We must ______ small animals and green plants around us. 六、补全对话（7 选 5） A: Look at this folding fan! The bamboo painting is nice. B: Yes, bamboo is special in China. 1.______ A: Why do Chinese people love bamboo so much? B: 2.______ And it’s super useful. A: Where can we see huge bamboo forests? B: The Bamboo Sea in Sichuan. 3.______ A: How amazing! How fast can bamboo grow? B: Almost one metre a day! 4.______ We build houses and make instruments with it. A: I also know pandas eat bamboo shoots. B: Exactly! 5.______ It’s really an amazing plant. A. It stands for goodness in Chinese culture. B. It has the thickest bamboo forest in our country. C. It’s one of the fastest-growing plants on Earth. D. Many things in daily life are made of bamboo. E. It’s the heaviest plant in Sichuan. F. No animals like bamboo except pandas. G. It’s one of my favourite plants. 七、阅读还原（5 选 5） Why Bees Are So Important Bees are small but the most important insects for human life. 1.______ Every time they fly between flowers, they carry pollen to help plants grow fruits and seeds. 2.______ About 80% of plants on earth need bee pollination. Without bees, we would lose most fruits, vegetables and nuts. 3.______ They build honeycombs to store honey and use special dance moves to share food positions. 4.______ Now their numbers are dropping because of pollution and pesticides. 5.______ We can plant more flowers and stop using harmful chemicals to save them. A. Their main job is pollination. B. They also have interesting living habits. C. They help almost all farm crops grow well. D. Scientists are worried about bees’ future. E. Everyone should do something to protect bees. 八、语法填空 Plants and animals make our world amazing. The blue whale is 1.______ largest and heaviest animal in the world. It can weigh 200 tons and eat four tons of small sea life every day. Bamboo is one of 2.______ fastest-growing plants. It is also one of 3.______ (useful) plants on earth. It is 4.______ symbol of goodness in Chinese culture. Bees are one of 5.______ most important animals. Their greatest work 6.______ (be) pollination. Without bees, many plants can’t grow. They use dances 7.______ (communicate) with each other. Ginkgo trees are one of the 8.______ (ancient) living trees. They bring joy in autumn with yellow leaves. All living things connect together and form the ecosystem. We can’t live 9.______ them, so we must 10.______ (protect) every plant and animal. 九、阅读理解 The Helpful Bees Bees are the most amazing small animals on our planet. Their main job is pollination. When they fly from flower to flower, they move pollen, and this helps plants produce fruits and seeds. Scientists say around 80% of all plants need bees to grow well. If there were no bees, we would lose apples, strawberries, vegetables and even chocolate. Bees also have fun living habits. They work together to build honeycombs to store honey. When a bee finds new flowers with sweet nectar, it dances inside the hive to tell other bees the direction and distance of food. Now bees are in trouble. Their numbers are getting smaller every year. Too many pesticides and fewer wild flowers make it hard for them to live. Plants, bees and humans are closely connected. We should plant more native flowers and stop using harmful chemicals to protect bees, because we cannot live without their hard work. 1. What is bees’ most important job? A. Making honey B. Pollination C. Dancing D. Building houses 2. How much of the world’s plants depend on bees? A. About half B. Around 80% C. Less than 30% D. All plants 3. How do bees tell partners where food is? A. By singing B. By dancing C. By flying far away D. By making noise 4. Why are bees disappearing? A. No more bamboo forests B. Too many whales in the sea C. Pesticides and fewer wild flowers D. Pandas eat their food 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How bamboo grows fast B. Bees are important and we need to protect them C. The biggest animal on earth D. Different beautiful plants in China 十、书面表达 请以 The Most Amazing Animal — Blue Whale 为题写短文。 要点： 蓝鲸是世界最大、最重的动物，重达 200 吨； 生活在除北冰洋外所有大洋，每天吃四吨小型海洋生物； 寿命可达 90 年，死后为海洋生物提供食物，维持生态平衡； 我们要保护蓝鲸，人与动物息息相关，使用形容词最高级。 词数 80–100 词。 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.D 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C 二、根据汉语完成句子 the heaviest one of the a symbol of the largest; thickest Without; grow communicate; dancing the most ancient without; to protect the fastest an important part 三、按要求完成句子 the most beautiful the heaviest the fastest one of the most the most colourful the cutest the most ancient one of the most popular 四、单词适当形式填空 heaviest fastest most useful most colourful most ancient disappointed to communicate to protect weighs to imagine 五、选词填空 one of the most a symbol of Without store honey play an important part take care of 六、补全对话 1.G 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 七、阅读还原 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.E 八、语法填空 the the most useful a the is to communicate most ancient without protect 九、阅读理解 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 十、书面表达范文 The Most Amazing Animal — Blue Whale The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on the earth. It can weigh up to 200 tons. It lives in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. Though it is huge, it eats the smallest sea life. It can eat around four tons of food every day. Blue whales are one of the longest-living sea animals; they can live up to 90 years. When a whale dies in the sea, its body feeds lots of sea creatures for more than a year and keeps the ocean ecosystem healthy. People and sea animals are closely connected. We must protect blue whales and all wild animals, because we cannot live without them. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $