Unit1Reading重点短语与知识点巩固练习 2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，以“基础巩固-语法应用-语篇输出”分层设计，通过词汇记忆、语法运用到综合表达的递进路径，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心短语与词汇|短语英汉互译、单词拼写，强化课本语境记忆| |进阶层|语法规则与句型结构|适当形式填空、单项选择，聚焦wear用法、比较级等语法点应用| |综合层|语篇构建与综合应用|句子翻译（新语境）、微写作（介绍朋友），融合多短语与句型，培养语言综合表达能力|

Unit 1 Friendship — Reading 重点短语 · 知识点归纳 · 巩固练习 第一部分 重点短语（Key phrases） 英文短语 中文释义 课本语境 / 例句 my best friend 我最好的朋友 Betty, my best friend, is a slim girl... a slim girl with big bright eyes 长着明亮大眼睛的苗条女孩 Betty, my best friend, is a slim girl with big bright eyes. wear her hair in a ponytail 把头发扎成马尾辫 Her hair is longer than mine, and she usually wears it in a ponytail. kind and helpful 善良且乐于助人 Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. be ready to do sth. 乐意/准备好做某事 Betty is ready to help anyone any time. give up one's seat to sb. 把座位让给某人 She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need. someone in need 有需要的人 ...to someone in need help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 ...and she often helps us with our schoolwork. trustworthy 值得信赖的 Betty is also trustworthy. listen to me carefully 认真听我（倾诉） She listens to me carefully... understand me quite well 很理解我 ...and understands me quite well. cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 She knows how to cheer me up... feel down 情绪低落；感到沮丧 ...when I am feeling down. the most wonderful friend 最棒的朋友 Betty is the most wonderful friend in my life. ... metres tall ……米高 He is the tallest boy in our class—almost 1.8 metres tall. small round glasses 小小的圆眼镜 He wears small round glasses. make sb. look + adj. 使某人看起来…… They make him look a little bit funny. a little bit 有点儿 They make him look a little bit funny. a sense of humour 幽默感 Max has a great sense of humour. tell jokes 讲笑话 He often tells jokes and makes us laugh. make sb. laugh 逗某人笑 He often tells jokes and makes us laugh. feel bored with sb. around 有某人在身边仍感到烦闷 You will never feel bored with him around. stay active by doing ... 通过做……保持活跃 He stays active by doing sport and other club activities. never seem to get tired 似乎永远不会疲倦 ...and never seems to get tired. feel like giving up 想要放弃 Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks... encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 ...he always encourages me to keep trying. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 ...encourages me to keep trying. best friends for life 一生的好朋友 I believe we will be best friends for life. 第二部分 知识点讲解（Knowledge points） 1. wear 的用法 wear 既可表示「穿、戴」，也可表示「留（发型）」。过去式为 wore。 • She usually wears her hair in a ponytail. （留发型） • He wears small round glasses. （佩戴） 2. 形容词 / 副词的比较级与最高级 比较级用于两者比较，后常接 than；最高级用于三者及以上比较，前面通常加 the，后常用 in / of 短语说明范围。 • Her hair is longer than mine. （比较级） • He is the tallest boy in our class. （最高级） • Betty is the most wonderful friend in my life. （多音节形容词最高级） 3. 形容词前置作主语补语 Kind and helpful 置于句首，起补充说明主语 Betty 的作用，使句子更生动。 • Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. 4. be ready to do sth. 意为「乐意做某事」或「准备好做某事」。 • Betty is ready to help anyone any time. • I'm ready to share my ideas with you. 5. give up one's seat to sb. / in need give up 表示「放弃；让出」。give up one's seat to sb. 即「给某人让座」；in need 作后置定语，意为「处于困境中的；需要帮助的」。 • She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need. 6. help sb. with sth. = help sb. (to) do sth. 表示「帮助某人做某事」。 • She often helps us with our schoolwork. • She often helps us (to) do our schoolwork. 7. carefully 与 quite well carefully 是副词，修饰动词 listen；quite well 表示「相当好、很」。 • She listens to me carefully and understands me quite well. 8. cheer sb. up / feel down cheer sb. up 表示「使某人振作/高兴起来」；feel down 表示「情绪低落」。 • She knows how to cheer me up when I am feeling down. 9. make sb. look + 形容词 / a little bit make + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补），表示「使……处于某种状态」；a little bit 意为「有点儿」，修饰形容词或副词。 • They make him look a little bit funny. 10. sense of humour / bored / boring a sense of humour 意为「幽默感」；humorous 是其形容词形式。bored 表示「（人）感到厌烦的」，boring 表示「（事物）令人厌烦的」。 • Max has a great sense of humour. He often tells jokes. • You will never feel bored with him around. • The long speech was boring. 11. energetic / stay active / seem to do sth. energetic 是形容词，名词为 energy；stay / keep active 表示「保持活跃」；seem to do sth. / seem + 形容词 表示「似乎/好像……」。 • He stays active by doing sport and other club activities and never seems to get tired. 12. feel like doing sth. 表示「想要做某事」，like 后接动词 -ing 形式。 • Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks. 13. encourage sb. to do sth. / keep doing sth. encourage sb. to do sth. 表示「鼓励某人做某事」；keep doing sth. 表示「持续/继续做某事」。 • He always encourages me to keep trying. 14. believe / believe in believe sb. 表示「相信某人的话」；believe in sb. 表示「信任某人」；believe (that) ... 表示「相信……」。 • I believe we will be best friends for life. • I believe him, and I believe in him. 第三部分 巩固练习（Consolidation exercises） 一、短语英汉互译 A. 英译中： 1. a slim girl with big bright eyes 2. wear her hair in a ponytail 3. give up her seat on the bus to someone in need 4. cheer me up 5. best friends for life B. 中译英： 6. 愿意随时帮助别人 7. 帮我们辅导功课 8. 使我看起来有点好笑 9. 讲笑话逗我们笑 10. 鼓励我继续尝试 二、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词 1. My best friend is very t________. I can tell her anything. （值得信赖的） 2. She has a good s________ of humour. （感觉） 3. He always wears small r________ glasses. （圆的） 4. The boy is 1.8 m________ tall. （米） 5. Don't feel ________（烦闷的）. I'll tell you a joke. 6. He stays ________（活跃的）by doing sport every day. 7. She is a ________（开朗的）person and always smiles. 8. I want to give up, but she ________（鼓励）me to keep trying. 9. Please listen to me ________（仔细地）. 10. Can you ________（理解）how I feel? 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. She often ________（help）me with my English. 2. He wears small round glasses and they make him ________（look）funny. 3. She is good at ________（tell）jokes. 4. Thank you for ________（cheer）me up. 5. He often makes us ________（laugh）. 6. When something ________（worry）me, I always go to her. 7. She listens to me ________（careful）. 8. He never seems ________（get）tired. 9. I feel like ________（give）up on this difficult task. 10. He encourages me ________（keep）trying. 四、单项选择 1. She is a slim girl ________ big bright eyes. A. has B. have C. with D. of 2. Betty is kind and helpful, ________ she is ready to help anyone any time. A. so B. but C. or D. because 3. She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone ________. A. need B. in need C. needs D. needing 4. He ________ small round glasses. They make him look funny. A. wears B. wear C. puts on D. dresses 5. Max has a great sense of ________. He often tells jokes. A. humor B. humorous C. humour D. humourous 6. —Why do you never feel bored with him around? —Because he often tells jokes and makes us ________. A. to laugh B. laughing C. laugh D. laughed 7. Sometimes I feel like ________ up on difficult tasks. A. give B. giving C. to give D. gives 8. He always encourages me ________ trying when I want to give up. A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. keeps 五、句子翻译（考查整体理解） 将下列整句翻译成英文。题目不复刻课本原句，而是围绕本课重点短语与句型设计的新语境，考查整体运用： 1. 她是一个苗条的女孩，长着一双明亮的大眼睛。 2. 她愿意随时帮助任何需要帮助的人。 3. 当我情绪低落时，她总是知道如何让我振作起来。 4. 马克斯通过做运动和参加社团活动来保持活跃。 5. 有时我想放弃困难的任务，但他总是鼓励我继续尝试。 六、微写作（5 句左右） 介绍你的一位好朋友。内容包括：姓名、外貌、两个品质（各配一个具体细节）以及你的感受。至少使用本课 3 个短语。 Name / looks: slim / tall / wears glasses / ponytail / big bright eyes ... Qualities + details: kind and helpful / trustworthy / humorous / energetic / cheerful ... Useful phrases: be ready to help; give up one's seat; cheer me up; tell jokes; make me laugh; stay active; encourage me to keep trying ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 参考答案（Answer key） 一、短语英汉互译 A: 1. 一个长着明亮大眼睛的苗条女孩 2. 把头发扎成马尾辫 3. 在公交车上把座位让给有需要的人 4. 使我振作起来 5. 一生的好朋友 B: 6. be ready to help others any time 7. help us with our schoolwork 8. make me look a little bit funny 9. tell jokes to make us laugh 10. encourage me to keep trying 二、写单词 1. trustworthy 2. sense 3. round 4. metres 5. bored 6. active 7. cheerful 8. encourages 9. carefully 10. understand 三、适当形式填空 1. helps 2. look 3. telling 4. cheering 5. laugh 6. worries 7. carefully 8. to get 9. giving 10. to keep 四、单项选择 1. C（with 表伴随） 2. A（so 表结果） 3. B（in need 作后置定语） 4. A（wear 表状态） 5. C（a sense of humour 幽默感；英式拼写 humour） 6. C（make sb. do） 7. B（feel like doing） 8. C（encourage sb. to do sth.） 五、句子翻译（整体理解） 1. She is a slim girl with big bright eyes. （考查 with 短语作后置定语） 2. She is ready to help anyone in need any time. （考查 be ready to do；in need） 3. When I am feeling down, she always knows how to cheer me up. （考查 feel down；cheer sb. up） 4. Max stays active by doing sport and other club activities. （考查 stay active by doing...） 5. Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, but he always encourages me to keep trying. （考查 feel like doing；encourage sb. to do sth.；keep doing） 六、微写作（参考范文） My best friend is Lucy. She is a slim girl with long straight hair and big bright eyes. She is kind and helpful. She is always ready to help anyone in need, and she often helps me with my schoolwork. She is also very trustworthy. When something worries me, she listens to me carefully and knows how to cheer me up. I believe we will be best friends for life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $