Unit 4 Natural Disaster Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 本练习通过“基础全面练”与“综合应用练”分层设计，实现从词汇语法到语篇应用的渐进式知识巩固，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升，适配新授课教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础全面练|Unit 4核心词汇（如erupt、calm）、语法（固定搭配、时态语态）、基础句型|单词拼写聚焦主题词，语法填空强化aid in等单元短语，单句写作训练it作形式宾语等功能句型，夯实语言基础| |综合应用练|语篇理解（自然灾害主题）、逻辑补全、应用文写作|阅读理解选取地震预警等真实情境材料，七选五训练灾害应对逻辑，倡议书写作结合河南洪水事件，提升综合语言运用与跨文化意识|

2026-2027学年高一必修一Unit 4 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing分层练 【基础全面练】 Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. The volcano suddenly _______（爆发）, sending clouds of ash high into the sky. 2. She gently _______（轻拍）him on the shoulder to wake him up. 3. The excited crowd _______（挥手）flags and cheered loudly for the team. 4. The mother tried to _______（使平静）her crying baby by singing a soft song. 5. The car lost control and _______（撞击）a tree on the side of the road. Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 1. The strong wind swept _______ all the tents in the camping area. 2. The old man had difficulty _______（breathe）after climbing the stairs. 3. We decided to have a picnic _______ the open air since the weather was fine. 4. The Internet can aid students _______ finding useful information for their studies. 5. The speech that _______（deliver）by the scientist yesterday was truly inspiring. 6. The local factory supplies free textbooks _______ the children in the village. 7. Parents are concerned about the effect of too much screen time _______ their kids' health. 8. He was tired of the _______（long）of the meeting, which lasted over three hours. 9. A small act of kindness can be _______（power）enough to change someone's day. Ⅲ. 单句写作 1. 救援队随时待命，提供食物和医疗帮助。 The rescue team were __________________________ food and medical help. (hand) 2. 我突然想到我可以把我的旧书捐给山区的孩子们。 __________________________ that I could donate my old books to the children in the mountains. (strike) 3. 我正在图书馆看书，突然听到外面传来一声巨响。 __________________________ I heard a loud noise outside. (be doing...when) 4. 每天进行晨练不仅有益健康，而且还能帮助我们保持精力充沛。 Doing morning exercises every day not only benefits our health, but also __________________________. (it作形式宾语) 5. 总之，这次志愿者活动让我们学到了很多关于团队合作的知识。 __________________________, this volunteer activity taught us a lot about teamwork. (summary) 【综合应用练】 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A On March 19, 2024, a 4.2-magnitude earthquake hit Feixi County in Anhui Province. Although the earthquake was not very strong, it reminded people of the importance of disaster preparedness. In this issue of "School Safety Weekly", we have selected four short documentaries related to natural disasters. The Day the Earth Shook This documentary records the real stories of people who experienced the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. It shows how rescue teams worked tirelessly to save lives and how communities came together to rebuild their homes. The film helps students understand the power of unity in times of disaster. Flood Rescue Set in a small town in southern China, this film follows a group of volunteers who help rescue elderly people trapped by sudden floods. With dramatic reenactments, it teaches viewers how to escape from rising water and the importance of early warning systems. Fire Safety First Produced by the local fire department, this short video demonstrates what to do when a fire breaks out in a school building. It covers how to use a fire extinguisher, how to crawl under smoke, and why we should never use elevators during a fire. Lightning and Thunder This animated film explains the science behind lightning strikes and teaches students how to stay safe during a thunderstorm. It is both educational and entertaining, making it perfect for classroom viewing. 1. Which documentary is the most suitable for students to learn about earthquake rescue? （ _______ ） A. The Day the Earth Shook B. Flood Rescue C. Fire Safety First D. Lightning and Thunder 2. What do these four documentaries have in common? （ _______ ） A. They are all filmed in Anhui Province. B. They are all related to natural disasters. C. They are all produced by the fire department. D. They are all animated films. 3. Where is this passage most probably taken from? （ _______ ） A. A science textbook. B. A school magazine. C. A news report. D. A travel guide. B On December 18, 2023, a 6.2-magnitude earthquake struck Jishishan County in Gansu Province, causing serious damage and loss of lives. Over 1,000 people were injured and many buildings collapsed. The disaster once again reminded the world of the destructive power of earthquakes. In recent years, China has made great efforts to improve earthquake preparedness. Early warning systems have been installed in many schools and public places. These systems can send alerts to people's phones seconds before the shaking starts, giving them precious time to take cover. "Earthquake warning technology is not magic, but it can save lives," said Dr. Li, an expert in disaster prevention. "Even a few seconds of warning can make a big difference. People can hide under desks, stay away from windows, and avoid elevators." However, technology alone is not enough. Education also plays a key role. Many schools now hold regular earthquake drills. Students practice dropping to the ground, covering their heads, and holding onto furniture. "We want every child to know what to do when the ground starts shaking," said a teacher from a primary school in Beijing. The government has also been working on building stronger houses in rural areas. New building codes require structures to withstand earthquakes of up to magnitude 8. This has greatly reduced the risk of collapse during strong quakes. 4. What is the main idea of the second paragraph? （ _______ ） A. The damage caused by the Gansu earthquake. B. The early warning systems for earthquakes. C. How to install earthquake apps on phones. D. Why earthquakes happen so often in China. 5. According to Dr. Li, what is the role of earthquake warning technology? （ _______ ） A. It can stop earthquakes from happening. B. It can give people time to protect themselves. C. It can predict earthquakes days in advance. D. It can replace the need for earthquake drills. 6. What can we infer from the passage about earthquake drills in schools? （ _______ ） A. They are held only in big cities. B. They are a waste of time according to some teachers. C. They help students learn how to react during an earthquake. D. They are no longer necessary with modern technology. 7. What is the best title for the text? （ _______ ） A. The 2023 Gansu Earthquake B. How to Build Stronger Houses C. Learning from Earthquakes to Save Lives D. The Science Behind Earthquake Warning Systems Ⅱ. 七选五 Natural disasters can happen at any time, and being prepared is the best way to stay safe. In China, earthquakes, floods, and typhoons are common, especially in certain regions. _______1_______ Here are some important safety tips for different types of disasters. _______2_______ When you feel the ground shaking, drop to the ground immediately, cover your head with your arms, and hold onto a sturdy piece of furniture. Stay away from windows, glass, and heavy objects that might fall. If you are outdoors, move to an open area away from buildings and power lines. Floods often occur after heavy rain. If you live in a flood-prone area, it is important to listen to weather reports and warnings. _______3_______ Do not walk or drive through moving water, as even shallow water can be dangerous. If you have to evacuate, take only essential items and follow the routes suggested by local authorities. Typhoons bring strong winds and heavy rain. Before a typhoon arrives, secure outdoor objects that might be blown away. _______4_______ Stay indoors during the storm and keep away from windows. After the typhoon, be careful of fallen power lines and flooded roads. _______5_______ Prepare an emergency kit with water, food, medicine, a flashlight, and a radio. Make sure all family members know where the kit is and what to do in case of a disaster. Remember, being prepared can save lives. A. Earthquakes are among the most unpredictable disasters. B. In that case, move to higher ground and avoid crossing bridges. C. The government has built many shelters for people in disaster areas. D. Close windows and doors, and bring pets inside. E. Therefore, it is important for everyone to learn basic disaster prevention knowledge. F. It is also wise to have an emergency plan for your family. G. Many people lost their lives in the earthquake because they didn't know how to protect themselves. Ⅲ. 应用文写作（满分15分） 2024年7月，河南省某地遭遇特大洪水，许多房屋被毁，数千名居民失去家园。假定你是学生会主席李华，请你代表学生会在校英文报上写一封倡议书，呼吁全体同学向灾区捐款捐物。内容包括： 1. 倡议原因； 2. 呼吁捐助（书籍、衣物、文具等）； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear fellow students, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案及解析】 【基础全面练】 Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. erupted （爆发） 解析：erupt 意为"爆发"，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。 2. tapped （轻拍） 解析：tap 意为"轻拍"，由后半句 to wake him up 可知用一般过去时。 3. waved （挥手） 解析：wave 意为"挥手"，crowd 是单数集合名词，谓语动词用 waved。 4. calm （使平静） 解析：calm 意为"使平静"，try to 后接动词原形。 5. struck （撞击） 解析：strike 意为"撞击"，此处描述过去发生的车祸，用过去式 struck。 Ⅱ. 单句语法填空 1. away 解析：sweep away 是固定搭配，意为"清除，一扫而空"。 2. breathing 解析：have difficulty (in) doing sth. 意为"做某事有困难"，用动名词形式。 3. in 解析：in the open air 是固定搭配，意为"在户外，露天"。 4. in 解析：aid sb. in (doing) sth. 意为"帮助某人做某事"。 5. was delivered 解析：that 引导定语从句修饰 speech，speech 与 deliver 之间是被动关系，且由 yesterday 可知用一般过去时的被动语态。 6. to 解析：supply sth. to sb. 意为"向某人提供某物"。 7. on 解析：the effect of A on B 是固定搭配，意为"A对B的影响"。 8. length 解析：定冠词 the 后接名词，long 的名词形式是 length，意为"长度"。 9. powerful 解析：be 动词后接形容词作表语，power 的形容词形式是 powerful，意为"有力的"。 Ⅲ. 单句写作 1. on hand with 解析：on hand 意为"随时可用，待命"，with 表示"带有"。 2. It struck me 解析：It strikes sb. that... 是固定句型，意为"某人突然想到……"，由语境用一般过去时。 3. I was reading in a library when 解析：be doing...when... 意为"正在做某事，突然……"，由 heard 可知用过去进行时。 4. makes it possible for us to keep energetic 解析：make it + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 中 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 5. In summary / To sum up 解析：in summary 或 to sum up 意为"总之"，置于句首作状语。 【综合应用练】 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A篇 1. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一篇 The Day the Earth Shook 的描述"This documentary records the real stories of people who experienced the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake... how rescue teams worked tirelessly to save lives"可知，该纪录片最适合学生学习地震救援知识。 2. B 解析：推理判断题。四部纪录片分别涉及地震、洪水、火灾和雷电，都与自然灾害相关。 3. B 解析：推理判断题。文章开头提到"In this issue of 'School Safety Weekly'"（在本期《学校安全周刊》中），说明文章最有可能来自学校杂志。 B篇 4. B 解析：段落大意题。第二段主要介绍了中国安装的早期地震预警系统及其功能，即向人们手机发送警报。 5. B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中 Dr. Li 的话"Even a few seconds of warning can make a big difference. People can hide under desks..."可知，地震预警技术能给人们时间保护自己。 6. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中"Students practice dropping to the ground, covering their heads..."可知，学校地震演习帮助学生学会在地震时如何应对。 7. C 解析：标题归纳题。文章以甘肃地震为引子，介绍了中国在地震预警、学校演习和建筑加固等方面的努力，核心是"从灾难中学习以拯救生命"，C选项最全面。 Ⅱ. 七选五 1. E 解析：前文提到中国自然灾害频发，E项"因此，每个人学习基本的防灾知识很重要"承接上文，引出下文的安全提示。 2. A 解析：本段主要讲地震时的应对措施，A项"地震是最不可预测的自然灾害之一"引出该段主题。 3. B 解析：前文提到洪水多发区要关注天气预报，B项"在这种情况下，转移到高处并避免过桥"是具体的应对建议。 4. D 解析：本段讲台风，前文提到要固定户外物品，D项"关好门窗，把宠物带进屋内"是台风来临前的合理措施。 5. F 解析：后文提到准备应急包，F项"为家庭制定应急计划也是明智的"与之衔接，共同构成防灾准备的建议。 Ⅲ. 应用文写作 参考范文： Dear fellow students, On July 2024, a terrible flood hit a certain area in Henan Province, causing serious damage to many houses and leaving thousands of people homeless. The victims are now in urgent need of help. As students, we should show our love and support to those in trouble. I, on behalf of the Student Union, call on all of you to donate books, clothes, stationery and other daily necessities to the disaster area. Your kindness, no matter how small, can make a big difference to the people there. Let's join hands and give warmth to those in need! Every donation counts and every bit of love matters. The Student Union 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $