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Unit 4 英语单元笔记
Unit 4(一)P31-P34
重点短语
1. in the world 在世界上
2. start a test 开始一项测试
3. on earth 究竟;在地球上
4. folding fan 折扇
5. be popular with 受……欢迎
6. a symbol of goodness 善良的象征
7. in Chinese culture 在中国文化中
8. be interested in 对……感兴趣
9. feel free to do 随意/尽管做某事
10. the fastest-growing plants 生长速度最快的植物
11. bamboo forests 竹林
12. bamboo shoots 竹笋
13. in one day 在一天之内
14. use sth for 把某物用于……
15. use sth to do 使用某物去做某事
16. actually = in fact 事实上;实际上
17. welcome to 欢迎来到
18. share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
知识点讲解
1. one of + 可数名词复数 “……之一” →作主语时,谓语动词用单数
例句:Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.
竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。
He is one of my friends. 他是我的一位朋友。
One of the cats is white. 其中一只猫是白色的。
2. popular adj. 广受喜爱的;流行的
get popular 变得流行
be popular with 受到……欢迎/喜爱
3. use sth to do sth = use sth for doing sth 用某物做某事
例句:People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments.
人们可以用它来建造房屋、制作工具和乐器。
4. actually adv. 实际上;居然 = in fact →可在句首作状语
例句:Actually, we eat bamboo shoots too. 实际上我们也吃竹笋。
5. shoot
① n. 幼苗;嫩芽 bamboo shoots 竹笋
② v. 开(枪);射击(过去式 shot)
shoot at 朝……射击(不强调是否射中,强调射击的动作)
6. appear
① v. 出现;呈现;反义词 disappear 消失;名词 appearance 出现
例句:Why does bamboo often appear in Chinese paintings?
② 系动词 “看起来好像;显得;似乎” →常跟形容词或名词作表语
例句:She appears very happy today. 她今天看起来很开心。
It appears a true story. 它似乎是一个真实的故事。
Unit 4(二)P36-P37
重点短语
1. be connected with 与…相联系
2. imagine doing sth 想象做某事
3. at this moment 此刻;现在
4. each other 互相;彼此
5. in fact 事实上
6. for this reason 由这个原因
7. on this planet 在这个星球上
8. for example 例如
9. work hard together 共同努力
10. play an important part in (doing) sth 在(做)某事中发挥重要作用
11. the number of ……的数量
12. think about 思考;考虑
13. protect … from/against 保护…免受…
14. the importance of (doing) sth (做)…的重要性
15. the connection between A and B A与B之间的联系
16. be home to sb/sth 有…栖息;是…的家乡
知识点讲解
1. without 介词,“没有;缺乏” ↔ with
without (doing) sth 没有(做)某事
例句:We can’t live without bees. 没有蜜蜂我们无法生存。
He left the room without saying a word. 他一句话没说就离开了房间。
2. imagine v. 想象;猜想
imagine +名词/代词/V-ing/从句
imagine (sb) doing sth 想象(某人)做某事
3. connected adj. “连接的;相关的”
be connected with/to 与…相连;与…有关联
例句:The computer is connected to the printer. 电脑与打印机相连。
connect v. “关联;连接”
connect … with/to… 把…和…连接/联系起来
例句:A railway connects Beijing with Shanghai. 一条铁路连接北京和上海。
connection n. “连接;联系;关系”
例句:There’s a connection between pollution and the death of trees.
污染和树木的死亡之间有关系。
4. in fact 确切地说;实际上
例句:In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.
事实上,如果没有它们的工作,世界上大约百分之八十的植物就无法生长。
5. for this reason 由于这个原因
例句:For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet.
出于这个原因,许多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物。
6. work hard together “共同努力;齐心协力”
例句:For example, they work together to make their homes.
Unit 4(三)P36-P37
知识点讲解
1. ① in order to “为了;以便” →后加动词原形,可放在句首,也可放在句中。
例句:In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 为了储存蜂蜜,它们建造蜂巢。
② in order not to do “为了不…;以便不…”
例句:She started at five o’clock in order not to be late. 为了不迟到,她五点钟就出发了。
③ in order that +从句 “为了;目的是”
例句:He gets up early in order that he can get to work on time.
2. ① communicate 动词 “交流;沟通”
communicate with sb “与某人交流”
例句:It’s necessary to communicate with them. 和他们交流一下是有必要的。
② communicate 动词 “传达,传递(意见、感情、消息等)”
例句:He communicates his ideas very clearly.
3. play a part(in+名词/代词/动词-ing) “在(…中)发挥作用;参与(…)”
例句:Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet.
4. ① the number of “…的数量” →作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
例句:The number of the students in our class is 50. 我们班的学生人数50。
② a number of “许多”,相当于many →作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例句:A number of students are playing soccer on the playground.
5. a lot
① “很多;大量” →相当于名词短语
例句:Bees need our help, and there is a lot we can do.
② “很;非常” →副词短语,在句中表示程度
例句:It rains a lot at this time of a year. 每年这个时候都经常下雨。
6. ① protect 动词 “保护;防护”
protect…from/against…“保护…免受…”
例句:Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.
想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最神奇的动物之一。
She is wearing sunglasses to protect her eyes from the strong sunlight.
② protection 名词 “保护;保卫”
7. importance 名词“重要性”
the importance of (doing) sth (做)某事的重要性
8. be home to sb/sth “有…栖息;是…的家乡”
例句:The forest is home to many wild animals. 这片森林是许多野生动物的栖息地。
9. happiness 名词“幸福;快乐”
例句:I want to share my happiness with you. 我想和你分享我的幸福。
Unit 4 语法 P35(上)
一、最高级
1. 定义:对三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较,表示“最…”的含义。
2. 最高级的构成
(1)规则变化
①一般情况 →在词尾加-est quiet-quietest tall-tallest
②以字母e结尾的词 →在词尾加-st large-largest late-latest
③词尾只有一个辅音字母、重读闭音节,双写尾字母,再加-est big-biggest thin-thinnest fat-fattest
④“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词→变y为i,再加-est easy-easiest early-earliest
⑤多音节词和部分双音节词 →在词前加most useful-most useful quickly-most quickly
(2)不规则变化
good / well — best
bad / badly — worst
little — least
many / much — most
old — oldest / eldest
far — farthest(距离) / furthest(抽象)
3. 最高级的常用结构
①主语 + be + the +形容词最高级 + in/of短语,“…是…中最…的”
例句:Tom is the tallest in his class / of all the students.
②主语+实义动词 + (the)+副词最高级 + in/of短语,“…是…中最…的”
例句:I jump (the) farthest in my class / of all the students.
③主语 + be + one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数 + in/of短语,“…是…中最…的…之一”
例句:Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
④疑问词(组)+be + the +形容词最高级,A, B or C? “A、B、C中…是最…的?”
例句:Which country is the largest, China, Brazil or Canada?
⑤疑问词(组)+助动词+主语+动词原形+(the)+副词最高级,A, B or C ?
例句:Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn ?
⑥ the +序数词+形容词最高级+名词 “第几最…的…”
例句:The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
Unit 4 语法 P35(下)
4. 比较级表达最高级的含义
① 比较级 + than any other +可数名词单数 “比其他任何一个都…”→强调在同一范围内作比较
例句:China is larger than any other country in Asia.
= China is the largest country in Asia.
中国是亚洲最大的国家。
② 比较级 + than any +可数名词单数 “比任何…都…” →强调不在同一范围内作比较
例句:China is larger than any country in Africa.
中国比非洲的任何国家都大。
③ 否定词与比较级连用可表达最高级的含义
例句:
—What do you think of the TV show? 你认为这个电视节目怎么样?
—Great! I have never seen a better one. 棒极了!我从没看过(比这)更好的电视节目。
④ 比较级 + than the other +名词复数(其余的全部)
例句:He is taller than the other boys in his class. 他比班里的其他男孩都高。
Unit 4(四)P38-P39
重点短语
1. in your luggage 在你的行李中
2. play an important role in 在…中起重要作用
3. the size of sth 某物的大小/尺寸
4. in nature 在自然界;本质上
5. on land 在陆地上
6. climate change 气候变化
7. watch sb/sth do sth 看…做某事
8. live up to 90 years 活到90岁
9. many kinds of 各种各样的
10. last for over a year 持续一年多
11. create a lively and healthy ecosystem 创建一个生机勃勃、健康的生态系统
知识点讲解
1. ① watch sb do sth “观看某人做某事” →强调看到动作发生的全过程
例句:Many people like watching blue whales swim. 许多人喜欢观赏蓝鲸游泳。
② watch sb doing sth “观看某人正在做某事” →强调看到动作正在进行
例句:He watched them eating. 他看见他们正在吃东西。
2. ① except “除…之外”(没有…)→着重强调在同类人或物中除一个或几个人或物,表示一种排除关系,有“减去”之意
例句:Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
蓝鲸生活在除北冰洋以外所有海洋中。
注:当except前面没有do的相关形式时,后面接带to的不定式
例句:He had no choice except to agree. 他除了同意别无选择。
当前面有实义动词do/does/did时,其后可接不带to的不定式(动词原形)
例句:They did nothing except sit there waiting. 他们除了坐在那儿什么都没做。
② except for “除…之外” →表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定,起部分修正作用(美中不足,有瑕疵)
例句:The party was great except for the music. 派对很棒,就是音乐差点。
③ besides “除…之外”(还有…)→指在整体中加入一部分,表示一种累加关系,有“加上”之意
例句:She speaks French besides English. 除了英语,她还会说法语。
④ but “除…之外” →基本含义与except相同,常用于否定句或指代词后
例句:I have no choice but to accept. 我除了接受别无选择。
3. last 动词 “持续;延续” →常与时间连用
例句:How long will the bad weather last? 坏天气会持续多久?
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