Unit 3 Getting along with others 单元单词详解 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版(2020)必修第一册

2026-08-15
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语译林版必修第一册
年级 高一
章节 Unit 3 Getting Along with Others
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 107 KB
发布时间 2026-08-15
更新时间 2026-08-15
作者 小南老师(南京初中英语)
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-08-15
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/59216717.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

本高中英语讲义聚焦Unit 3“人际交往”主题,系统梳理74个核心词汇及短语,涵盖词义、搭配、例句等模块,构建从基础理解到语境应用的学习支架,助力学生系统掌握主题相关词汇。 该资料以主题为纽带整合词汇教学,通过词链练习强化词性转换,短文填空提升语用能力,培养语言能力与思维品质。课中辅助教师高效授课,课后帮助学生巩固复习,查漏补缺,提升自主学习能力。

内容正文:

Unit 3 Getting along with others 单词详解丨小南老师英语库原创丨by:18014856976 Unit 3 Getting along with others 单词详解 1. on the rocks 短语 (关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃 用法: 口语中常用,表示“(关系、生意等)陷于困境、濒临崩溃”,常用于 be/go on the rocks;也可指酒“加冰块”。本单元中指友谊出现危机。 搭配: be on the rocks (关系)陷入危机 go on the rocks 走向破裂 a marriage/friendship on the rocks 濒于破裂的婚姻/友谊 例句: Their friendship has been on the rocks ever since that misunderstanding. 自从那次误会之后,他们的友谊就陷入了危机。 When a relationship is on the rocks, honest communication is often the best cure. 当一段关系陷入困境时,坦诚交流往往是最好的良方。 2. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 局促不安的;令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的 用法: 可表示人“局促不安的、尴尬的”,也可形容事物“令人尴尬的、难对付的”;an awkward silence/situation;be awkward with sb 表示“与某人在一起不自在”。 转换: awkwardly adv. 尴尬地;笨拙地 awkwardness n. 尴尬;笨拙 搭配: an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默 an awkward situation 尴尬的处境 feel awkward about sth 对某事感到尴尬 例句: There was an awkward silence when neither of them knew what to say. 两人都不知道该说什么,出现了一阵令人尴尬的沉默。 She felt awkward about bringing up the quarrel in front of others. 她觉得在别人面前提起那场争吵很不自在。 3. sight /saɪt/ n. 视野;视力;看见 用法: 表示“视力;视野;看见”,catch sight of 表示“瞥见”;lose sight of 表示“看不见;忽略”;at the sight of 表示“一看到……”。 搭配: catch sight of 瞥见;看见 lose sight of 看不见;忽略 at first sight 乍一看;初看时 out of sight 看不见;在视野之外 例句: She waved until her friend was out of sight at the station. 她在车站挥手,直到朋友消失在视线中。 At the sight of the old photo, he thought of his childhood friend. 一看到那张旧照片,他就想起了儿时的朋友。 4. out of one’s sight 短语 脱离某人的视线 用法: 表示“在某人视线之外、看不见”,反义短语为 in one's sight(在某人眼前)。常与 get/keep/stay 等动词连用。 搭配: get out of one's sight 从某人眼前消失 keep sth out of one's sight 不让某人看见某物 例句: The mother told her child not to go out of her sight in the crowd. 母亲叮嘱孩子在人群中不要离开她的视线。 Once the letter was out of his sight, he began to regret sending it. 那封信一从眼前消失,他就开始后悔把它寄了出去。 5. original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 起初的;独创的;原作的 用法: 表示“最初的、原来的”时只作前置定语,如 the original plan;表示“独创的、新颖的”时可作表语或定语,an original idea;也可作名词表示“原作、原件”。 转换: originate v. 起源;发源 originally adv. 起初;原来 originality n. 独创性;创意 派生: origin n. 起源;出身 搭配: the original plan 原计划 an original idea 独到的见解 the original version 原版 例句: Their original plan was to meet at the café, but it did not work out. 他们原计划在咖啡馆见面,但没能成行。 A true friend values your original ideas instead of copying others. 真正的朋友会珍视你独到的想法,而不是人云亦云。 6. medium /ˈmiːdiəm/ n.(pl. media) & adj. 传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具;中等的,中号的 用法: 作名词复数为 media,表示“媒介、手段、工具”,a medium of communication;作形容词表示“中等的、中号的”,a medium size。注意 media 也可作集合名词“媒体”。 变形: media(复数) 搭配: a medium of communication 交流的媒介 a medium size 中号 the medium of television 电视媒介 辨析: medium 指“媒介、手段”,复数为 media;media 除作 medium 的复数外,还常作集合名词表示“新闻媒体、传媒”,此时谓语可用单数或复数。 例句: The Internet has become a powerful medium for keeping in touch with friends. 互联网已成为与朋友保持联系的强大媒介。 She takes a medium size in T-shirts. 她穿中号的 T 恤。 7. social media 短语 社交媒体 用法: 集合名词,表示“社交媒体”,常作复数或不可数;通过社交媒体用 on/through social media。 搭配: on social media 在社交媒体上 social media platforms 社交媒体平台 via/through social media 通过社交媒体 例句: Many people keep in touch with old friends through social media. 许多人通过社交媒体与老朋友保持联系。 Sharing too much on social media can sometimes cause misunderstandings. 在社交媒体上分享过多有时会引发误解。 8. make it 短语 能够出席;准时到达;获得成功 用法: 口语高频短语,可表示“准时到达、能够出席”,make it to + 地点/活动;也可表示“获得成功、渡过难关”,make it in life。 搭配: make it to + 地点 准时到达某地 make it in life 人生成功 make it big 大获成功 要点: 表示“能够出席”时,后接 to + 活动名词;若表示“成功”,可单独使用,如 You can make it! 例句: I'm sorry, but I won't be able to make it to your birthday party. 很抱歉,我没法参加你的生日聚会了。 With hard work and a little luck, she finally made it as a writer. 凭借努力和一点运气,她终于成了一名成功的作家。 9. horrible /ˈhɒrəbl/ adj. 令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的 用法: 口语常用,表示“极坏的、糟糕的、可恶的”,可修饰事物或人;a horrible day/experience;也可表示“令人震惊的、恐怖的”。 转换: horribly adv. 可怕地;非常 派生: horror n. 恐怖;震惊 拓展: terrible adj.(近义词) 糟糕的;可怕的 awful adj.(近义词) 糟糕的;极坏的 搭配: a horrible day 糟糕的一天 a horrible experience 可怕的经历 feel horrible 感觉难受极了 辨析: horrible 指「可怕的;糟糕的」,强调令人恐惧或厌恶;terrible 指「可怕的;极坏的」,口语中常表示「糟透了」;awful 指「糟糕的;极坏的」,语气比 terrible 更口语化,三者常可互换。 例句: I felt horrible after quarrelling with my best friend. 和最好的朋友争吵后,我心里难受极了。 The weather was horrible, so we had to cancel the picnic. 天气糟透了,我们只好取消野餐。 10. chat /tʃæt/ vi. & n. 聊天,闲聊 用法: 作动词表示“聊天、闲谈”,chat with/to sb about sth;作名词表示“聊天”,have a chat with sb。注意双写 t 再加 -ing/-ed:chatting/chatted。 变形: chatted(过去式/过去分词) chatting(现在分词) 搭配: chat with/to sb about sth 与某人聊某事 have a chat with sb 和某人聊天 chat online 网上聊天 例句: We sat in the café and chatted about old times for hours. 我们坐在咖啡馆里,聊了好几个小时的往事。 I had a long chat with my deskmate and we cleared up the misunderstanding. 我和同桌聊了很久,化解了误会。 11. café /ˈkæfeɪ/ n. 咖啡馆,小餐馆 用法: 源自法语,拼写带尖音符 é,表示“咖啡馆、小餐馆”;an Internet café 表示“网吧”。注意不要写成 cafe(虽可接受,但教材保留 é)。 搭配: an Internet café 网吧 a sidewalk café 露天咖啡馆 例句: They agreed to meet at a small café near the school to talk things over. 他们约好在学校附近的一家小咖啡馆见面,把事情说清楚。 12. recover /rɪˈkʌvə(r)/ vi. & vt. 恢复健康;恢复常态;全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制 用法: 作不及物动词表示“恢复健康、恢复常态”,recover from sth;作及物动词表示“找回、重新获得、恢复控制”,recover lost time/consciousness/one's balance。 转换: recovery n. 恢复;痊愈;找回 拓展: restore v.(近义词) 恢复;修复 regain v.(近义词) 恢复;重新获得 同义辨析:recover / restore / regain • recover 强调靠自身力量“恢复”健康、常态或找回失物,主语常为人,后接 from 表示“从……中恢复”。 · He is slowly recovering from the operation. 他正从手术中慢慢康复。 • restore 强调借助外力“使恢复原状、修复”,宾语多为秩序、信心、建筑物等,结构为 restore sth to sth。 · The talk helped restore her confidence in friendship. 那次谈话帮助她恢复了对友谊的信心。 • regain 强调“重新获得”失去之物,如意识、平衡、自由等,比 recover 更正式,多作及物动词直接接宾语。 · She took a deep breath to regain her calm. 她深吸一口气以重新镇定下来。 搭配: recover from illness 从病中康复 recover from shock 从震惊中恢复过来 recover one's balance 恢复平衡 recover lost data 找回丢失的数据 易错: 表示“从……中恢复”用 recover from sth,recover 在此为不及物动词,不能直接跟宾语;及物用法意为“找回、重新获得”。 例句: It took her a long time to recover from the hurtful words her friend had said. 她花了很长时间才从朋友那些伤人的话中恢复过来。 The two friends finally recovered their closeness after a sincere talk. 经过一次真诚的交谈,两个朋友终于重归于好。 13. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ vi. & vt. 回答,回应;作出反应,响应 用法: respond to sb/sth 表示“回应、对……作出反应”;respond that... 可接宾语从句。名词形式为 response,in response to 表示“作为对……的回应”。 转换: response n. 回答;反应;响应 搭配: respond to 回应;对……作出反应 respond quickly 迅速回应 in response to 作为对……的回应 易错: respond 表示“回应某人/某事”时是不及物动词,须加介词 to:respond to sb/sth;不能直接说 respond sb。 例句: She did not respond to my message, and I began to worry. 她没有回我的消息,我开始担心起来。 A true friend responds when you need help, not just in good times. 真正的朋友会在你需要时伸出援手,而不只是在顺境中相伴。 14. loss /lɒs/ n. 失去,丧失;亏损;去世;损失 用法: lose 的名词形式,表示“丧失、损失、亏损”;suffer a loss 表示“遭受损失”;the loss of sb 可指“某人的去世”。 搭配: suffer a loss 遭受损失 the loss of sth/sb 失去某物/某人 weight loss 减肥 at a loss 不知所措;困惑 例句: The loss of a close friend can be very painful for a teenager. 失去一位密友对青少年来说可能非常痛苦。 The company suffered heavy losses last year. 公司去年遭受了严重亏损。 15. at a loss 短语 不知所措,困惑 用法: 常作表语,be at a loss;后可接 for sth、wh- 从句或不定式,be at a loss what to do/say 表示“不知如何是好/说什么好”。 搭配: be at a loss for words 不知说什么好 be at a loss what to do 不知如何是好 例句: When she saw her friend crying, she was at a loss what to say. 看到朋友哭泣时,她不知道该说什么好。 He was at a loss to explain why he had broken his promise. 他不知如何解释自己为什么违背了诺言。 16. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ vt. & vi. & n. 评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为;法官;裁判员 用法: 作动词表示“判断、评价;审判”,judge sb/sth by/from sth;judging by/from 常用作独立成分;作名词表示“法官、裁判员”。 派生: judgement/judgment n. 判断力;评价;判决 搭配: judge sb by/on sth 根据某事判断某人 judging by/from 根据……判断 a fair judge 公正的法官 Don't judge a book by its cover 勿以貌取人 易错: judging by/from... 在句中作独立成分,形式固定为 judging,不随主语变化为 judged。 例句: You should not judge a friend only by what others say about him. 你不应该只凭别人的话来评价一个朋友。 Judging by her expression, she was still upset about the quarrel. 从她的表情看,她还在为那场争吵而不快。 17. in the wrong 短语 有错,应承担责任 用法: 表示“有错、应负责任”,反义短语为 in the right(有理、没错);常作表语。 搭配: be in the wrong 有错;应负责任 put sb in the wrong 归咎于某人;使某人显得有错 例句: Even best friends can be in the wrong, and a sincere apology helps. 即使是最好的朋友也会有错,真诚的道歉能化解矛盾。 He realized he was in the wrong and went to apologize in person. 他意识到自己有错,便亲自去道歉了。 18. apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ vi. 道歉,谢罪 用法: apologize to sb for (doing) sth 表示“因(做)某事向某人道歉”;名词为 apology,make/offer an apology to sb for sth。 派生: apology n. 道歉;歉意 搭配: apologize to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉 make/offer an apology 道歉 accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉 易错: apologize 是不及物动词,“向某人道歉”用 apologize to sb;“因某事道歉”用 apologize for (doing) sth,不能直接接宾语。 例句: He apologized to his friend for forgetting their important appointment. 他因忘记了重要的约定而向朋友道歉。 It takes courage to apologize when you know you are in the wrong. 知道自己有错时去道歉需要勇气。 19. behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ n.(AmE behavior) 行为,举止,态度 用法: 不可数名词,表示“行为、举止、态度”;good/bad behaviour;be on one's best behaviour 表示“尽量表现得体”。动词为 behave。 派生: behave v. 表现;举止端正 搭配: good/bad behaviour 良好/不良行为 be on one's best behaviour 尽量表现得体 social behaviour 社会行为 易错: 英式拼写为 behaviour(含 our),美式为 behavior;类似的还有 humour/humor、favour/favor。 例句: His rude behaviour at the party hurt his friend deeply. 他在聚会上的粗鲁行为深深伤害了朋友。 The teacher praised the students for their good behaviour on the trip. 老师表扬学生们在旅行中表现得体。 20. case /keɪs/ n. 具体情况,事例;案件;容器 用法: 多义名词:表示“情况、事例”,in this/that case;表示“案件、病例”;也可表示“盒子、箱子”。in case 引导目的/条件状语从句。 搭配: in this/that case 既然这样/那样 in case of 万一;如果发生 in case 以防;万一 a court case 法庭案件 例句: In that case, you should talk to your friend face to face instead of texting. 既然那样,你应该和朋友当面谈,而不是发信息。 Take my phone number in case you need to reach me. 记下我的电话号码,以备你需要联系我。 21. in any case 短语 无论如何,不管怎样 用法: 介词短语作状语,表示“无论如何、不管怎样”,相当于 anyway;区别于 in case(以防)和 in that case(既然那样)。 拓展: anyway adv.(近义短语) 无论如何 in no case(反义词) 决不 搭配: in any case 无论如何 辨析: in any case 意为“无论如何、不管怎样”,相当于 anyway;in case 意为“以防、万一”,引导从句;in that case 意为“既然那样”。 例句: In any case, true friendship should be based on trust and honesty. 无论如何,真正的友谊应建立在信任与诚实之上。 It may rain, but in any case we will keep our promise to meet. 可能会下雨,但无论如何我们都会遵守见面的承诺。 22. frank /fræŋk/ adj. 坦率的,直率的 用法: 表示“坦率的、直率的”,a frank discussion/exchange;be frank with sb about sth 表示“对某人坦诚相待”。to be frank 作插入语。 转换: frankly adv. 坦率地;说实话 frankness n. 坦率;坦白 拓展: honest adj.(近义词) 诚实的;坦率的 straightforward adj.(近义词) 坦率的;直截了当的 同义辨析:frank / honest / straightforward • frank 指「坦率的、直言不讳的」,强调毫无保留地表达真实想法,常用 to be frank。 · To be frank, I don't like the idea. 坦白说,我不喜欢这个主意。 • honest 指「诚实的」,强调不说谎、不欺骗,是基本的道德品质。 · She is an honest person who never tells lies. 她是个从不说谎的诚实人。 • straightforward 指「直截了当的、简单的」,强调表达清楚、不绕弯子,也可指事情容易做。 · He gave a straightforward answer without any excuse. 他给了一个直截了当的回答,没有任何借口。 搭配: be frank with sb 对某人坦诚 a frank discussion 坦率的讨论 to be frank 坦白说 例句: She was frank with her friend about how much the words had hurt her. 她坦率地告诉朋友那些话有多伤她。 To be frank, I think you should apologize rather than wait for him to do so. 坦白说,我认为你应该去道歉,而不是等他先开口。 23. definitely /ˈdefɪnətli/ adv. 肯定,确实;确切地 用法: 副词,表示“肯定、确实、确切地”,常用于强调;口语中可单独作答,表示“当然、一定”。形容词为 definite。 派生: definite adj. 明确的;肯定的 搭配: definitely not 肯定不;绝对不 say definitely 确切地说 例句: A true friend will definitely stand by you when you are in trouble. 真正的朋友在你遇到困难时一定会支持你。 —Are you coming to the reunion? —Definitely! ——你来参加聚会吗?——当然! 24. trick /trɪk/ vt. & n. 欺骗,欺诈;诡计,花招;戏法 用法: 作动词表示“欺骗”,trick sb into doing sth(骗某人做某事)、trick sb out of sth(骗走某人某物);作名词表示“诡计、花招、戏法”,play a trick on sb。 搭配: trick sb into doing sth 骗某人做某事 trick sb out of sth 骗取某人某物 play a trick on sb 捉弄某人 a magic trick 魔术戏法 易错: trick sb into doing sth,into 是介词,后接动名词,不接动词原形;类似结构还有 force/talk/persuade sb into doing。 例句: His online friend tricked him into giving away his personal information. 他的网友骗他泄露了个人信息。 Honest friends never play dirty tricks on each other. 诚实的朋友从不对彼此耍卑鄙的花招。 25. let go of 短语 放弃,摒弃;松手,放开 用法: 表示“松开(手);放弃、摒弃(感情、想法等)”,后接名词或动名词;let go of the past/anger/grudges。也可写作 let sth go。 搭配: let go of the past 放下过去 let go of one's anger 摒弃怒气 let go of sb's hand 松开某人的手 例句: To heal a friendship, you must learn to let go of past hurts. 要修复友谊,你必须学会放下过去的伤害。 He refused to let go of his anger, and the friendship slowly died. 他不肯放下怒气,友谊便慢慢消逝了。 26. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/ vt. 忽视,对……不予理会 用法: 及物动词,表示“忽视、不理会”,ignore sb/sth;强调故意装作没看见或不予理睬。名词为 ignorance,形容词为 ignorant。 转换: ignorance n. 无知;不了解 ignorant adj. 无知的;不知道的 拓展: neglect v.(近义词) 疏忽;忽视 overlook v.(近义词) 忽略;宽恕 同义辨析:ignore / neglect / overlook • ignore 强调“故意装作没看见、不予理睬”,多指对人、警告、事实等有意忽视。 · He completely ignored my greeting and walked on. 他完全不理会我的问候,继续往前走。 • neglect 强调因粗心、不负责任而“疏忽、疏于照顾”,宾语常为职责、家庭、健康等,含疏于照顾之意。 · Don't neglect your old friends when you make new ones. 交了新朋友也不要冷落老朋友。 • overlook 强调“宽容地不计较”或“因匆忙而未注意到”,语气较温和,可指宽恕小过失。 · A good friend is willing to overlook your small mistakes. 好朋友愿意不计较你的小过失。 搭配: ignore sb's advice 不理会某人的建议 ignore the fact that... 忽视……的事实 ignore a problem 对问题视而不见 例句: When friends argue, it is wrong to ignore each other instead of talking it out. 朋友争吵时,彼此冷战而不把话说开是不对的。 She ignored the unkind comments and stayed true to herself. 她对那些恶意评论不予理会,坚持做自己。 27. suffer /ˈsʌfə(r)/ vi. & vt. 受苦,受折磨;变差;遭受,蒙受 用法: 作不及物动词表示“受苦、受折磨”,suffer from sth(遭受……之苦);作及物动词表示“遭受(损失、失败、痛苦等)”,suffer a loss/defeat/pain。 转换: suffering n. 痛苦;苦难(常用复数 sufferings) sufferer n. 患病者;受苦者 搭配: suffer from 遭受;患……病 suffer a loss/defeat 遭受损失/失败 suffer pain 遭受痛苦 易错: suffer from 表示“受……之苦、患……病”,from 后接长期的或抽象的原因;suffer 直接接宾语时多为 pain/loss/defeat 等,二者不总能互换。 例句: She suffered greatly when her closest friend moved abroad. 当最亲密的朋友移居国外时,她非常难过。 Many teenagers suffer from stress caused by misunderstandings with friends. 许多青少年因与朋友间的误解而承受压力。 28. misunderstand /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd/ vt. & vi. 误解,误会 用法: 前缀 mis- 表示“错误地”,后接 understand;misunderstand sb/sth 表示“误解某人/某事”。不规则变化:misunderstood, misunderstood。 变形: misunderstood(过去式/过去分词) misunderstanding(现在分词/名词:误解;误会) 搭配: misunderstand sb/sth 误解某人/某事 clear up a misunderstanding 消除误会 a slight misunderstanding 小小的误会 例句: Don't misunderstand me — I only want to help, not to criticize. 别误会——我只是想帮忙,不是要批评你。 The quarrel arose because they misunderstood each other's intentions. 这场争吵是因为他们误解了彼此的意图。 29. contact /ˈkɒntækt/ vt. & n. 联系,联络 用法: 作动词表示“联系、联络”,contact sb(及物,不加 with);作名词表示“联系、接触”,keep/stay in contact with sb、lose contact with sb、make contact with。 搭配: keep/stay in contact with 与……保持联系 lose contact with 与……失去联系 make contact with 与……取得联系 eye contact 眼神交流 易错: contact 作动词时为及物动词,直接说 contact sb,不加 with;作名词时才用 contact with sb/sth。 例句: Please feel free to contact me if you need someone to talk to. 如果你想找人聊聊,随时联系我。 Even after graduation, we still keep in close contact. 即使毕业后,我们仍保持着密切联系。 30. explode /ɪkˈspləʊd/ vi. & vt. (愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发;爆炸;使爆炸 用法: 本义为“爆炸”,引申为“(情感)爆发、迸发”,explode with anger/rage/joy;也可表示“勃然大怒”。名词为 explosion。 转换: explosion n. 爆炸;爆发 explosive adj. 爆炸的;爆炸性的 搭配: explode with anger 勃然大怒 explode into laughter 哄然大笑 a bomb explodes 炸弹爆炸 例句: He exploded with anger when he saw the unkind messages about him. 看到那些关于他的恶意留言时,他勃然大怒。 Instead of exploding at your friend, try to calm down and explain how you feel. 与其对朋友大发雷霆,不如试着冷静下来,说出你的感受。 31. generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ adj. 宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的 用法: 表示“慷慨的、大方的”,be generous with sth(在……上慷慨)、It is generous of sb to do sth;也可表示“宽宏大量的”,a generous mind/spirit。 转换: generosity n. 慷慨;大方;宽宏大量 generously adv. 慷慨地;宽宏大量地 拓展: mean adj.(反义词) 吝啬的;刻薄的 selfish adj.(反义词) 自私的 搭配: be generous with sth 在某事上慷慨/不吝惜 It is generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事真慷慨 a generous donation 慷慨的捐赠 例句: A true friend is generous with forgiveness and does not hold grudges. 真正的朋友宽宏大量,乐于宽恕,不怀恨在心。 It was generous of her to share her notes with the whole class. 她把笔记分享给全班同学,真是大方。 32. count on 短语 依赖,依靠,指望 用法: 表示“依靠、指望”,相当于 depend on/rely on;count on sb/sth、count on sb to do sth、count on doing sth。 拓展: depend on(近义短语) 依靠;取决于 rely on(近义短语) 依赖;信赖 搭配: count on sb 依靠某人 count on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事 count on doing sth 指望做某事 辨析: count on、depend on、rely on 均表示「依靠、依赖」,常可互换。count on 较口语,强调指望某人做某事;depend on 强调取决于或需要支持;rely on 强调信赖、相信其可靠。 易错: count on 中 on 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词;“指望某人做某事”用 count on sb to do sth。 例句: Good friends are people you can count on when things go wrong. 好朋友是在你遇到麻烦时可以依靠的人。 You can count on me to keep your secret. 你可以指望我为你保守秘密。 33. eat away at 短语 腐蚀,侵蚀,逐渐破坏 用法: 本义为“侵蚀、腐蚀”,引申为“逐渐破坏、烦扰”,主语常为 worry/anger/jealousy 等抽象名词;及物短语,后接宾语。 搭配: eat away at sth 侵蚀某物;逐渐破坏某物 jealousy eats away at friendship 嫉妒侵蚀友谊 例句: Hidden anger can eat away at even the strongest friendship. 暗藏的怒气甚至会逐渐侵蚀最牢固的友谊。 The acid slowly ate away at the metal surface. 酸慢慢腐蚀着金属表面。 34. shallow /ˈʃæləʊ/ adj. 肤浅的,浅薄的;浅的 用法: 可指水等“浅的”,也可指人、言论、感情等“肤浅的、浅薄的”;a shallow person/argument;反义词 deep。 拓展: superficial adj.(近义词) 肤浅的;表面的 deep adj.(反义词) 深的;深刻的 搭配: shallow water 浅水 a shallow person 肤浅的人 a shallow argument 浅薄的论点 辨析: shallow 指「浅的;肤浅的」,可修饰水、呼吸、人或观点;superficial 较正式,指「表面的;肤浅的」,强调缺乏深度,常用于形容人或分析,如 superficial knowledge。 例句: Their friendship proved to be shallow and broke at the first test. 他们的友谊经证明很浅薄,第一次考验就破裂了。 It is shallow to judge people only by their looks. 只凭外表评判人是肤浅的。 35. blog /blɒɡ/ n. 博客,网志 用法: 可数名词,源自 web log,表示“博客、网志”;write/keep a blog、a blog post/about sth。动词表示“写博客”。 派生: blogger n. 博客作者;博主 blogging n. 写博客;博客写作 搭配: write/keep a blog 写博客 a blog post 一篇博文 a personal blog 个人博客 例句: She writes a blog about how to build and keep lasting friendships. 她写一个关于如何建立并维持长久友谊的博客。 36. come between ... and ... 短语 损害……之间的关系,离间;妨碍 用法: 表示“离间、使疏远;妨碍”,宾语须放在 between 与 and 之间,即 come between A and B;不可说 come between A with B。 搭配: come between A and B 离间 A 和 B;妨碍 A 与 B let nothing come between... 不让任何事物离间…… 例句: Don't let a small misunderstanding come between you and your best friend. 不要让小小的误会损害你和最好朋友之间的关系。 Nothing could come between the twin sisters and their shared dreams. 什么也不能将这对孪生姐妹与她们共同的梦想分开。 37. in person 短语 亲自,亲身 用法: 介词短语作状语,表示“亲自、亲身”,强调面对面或本人到场,相当于 personally;区别于 in person 的另一义“外貌上”。 拓展: personally adv.(近义短语) 亲自;就个人而言 face to face(近义短语) 面对面 同义辨析:in person / personally / face to face • in person 指「亲自、亲身」,强调本人到场而非通过他人或媒介。 · You must sign the document in person. 你必须亲自签署这份文件。 • personally 指「亲自;就个人而言」,强调作为个人或私下地,也可引出个人观点。 · Personally, I think the plan is good. 就我个人而言,我觉得这个计划不错。 • face to face 指「面对面」,强调双方直接相对、可看见彼此,常作状语。 · I'd rather talk face to face than on the phone. 我宁愿面对面谈而不是打电话。 搭配: meet sb in person 亲自见某人 appear in person 亲自到场 例句: Some apologies are best made in person, not through a text message. 有些道歉最好亲自当面说,而不是通过短信。 The writer will visit our school in person to talk about her new book. 作家将亲自来我校,畅谈她的新书。 38. theme /θiːm/ n. 主题;主旋律 用法: 表示“(文章、谈话、活动的)主题”,the theme of sth;也可指音乐的“主题曲、主旋律”,theme song/tune。 拓展: topic n.(近义词) 话题;主题 subject n.(近义词) 主题;科目 同义辨析:theme / topic / subject • theme 指「主题、主旨」,强调文章、演讲、艺术作品的核心思想,较正式。 · The theme of the novel is love and duty. 这部小说的主题是爱与责任。 • topic 指「话题、题目」,强调讨论或谈话的具体内容,范围可大可小。 · The environment is a popular topic these days. 环境是近来的热门话题。 • subject 指「主题;科目;主语」,含义最广,可指学科、研究对象或话题。 · What's your favourite subject at school? 你在学校最喜欢什么科目? 搭配: the theme of ……的主题 a central/main theme 中心主题 a theme song 主题曲 例句: The theme of our class meeting this week is 'Getting along with friends'. 我们本周班会的主题是“与朋友相处”。 Friendship and forgiveness are common themes in his poems. 友谊与宽恕是他诗歌中常见的主题。 39. slave /sleɪv/ n. 奴隶 用法: 可数名词,表示“奴隶”;也可比喻“受某事物支配的人”,a slave to/of sth(……的奴隶)。 派生: slavery n. 奴隶制;奴隶身份 搭配: a slave to/of sth 某事物的奴隶;被某事物控制的人 treat sb like a slave 像奴隶一样对待某人 例句: Nobody should be made a slave of another person. 任何人都不应成为他人的奴隶。 40. raft /rɑːft/ n. 木排,筏 用法: 可数名词,表示“木排、筏子”,也可指充气的“橡皮艇、救生筏”;cross the river on a raft。 搭配: a wooden raft 木筏 a life raft 救生筏 on a raft 乘木筏 例句: The two friends crossed the river on a simple raft made of logs. 两个朋友乘一只用原木扎成的简易木筏过了河。 41. high point 短语 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 用法: 名词短语,表示“最精彩、最令人愉快的部分”,the high point of sth;反义短语 low point(低谷、最糟时刻)。 搭配: the high point of sth 某事最精彩的部分 a high point in one's life 人生中的高光时刻 例句: The high point of the evening was when the two old friends hugged and made up. 那晚最令人开心的时刻,是两位老朋友相拥和解。 For many, graduation day is the high point of senior high. 对许多人而言,毕业日是高中最美好的时刻。 42. through thick and thin 短语 不顾艰难险阻,同甘共苦 用法: 固定短语,表示“同甘共苦、不离不弃”,常与 stand/stick/be 连用,后可接 together;形容在任何情况下都忠诚相伴。 搭配: stand by sb through thick and thin 与某人同甘共苦 through thick and thin together 风雨同舟 例句: True friends stick together through thick and thin. 真正的朋友会同甘共苦、不离不弃。 She has stood by me through thick and thin, and I will never forget that. 她与我风雨同舟,我永远不会忘记。 43. opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n. 意见,看法;(群体的)观点,信仰 用法: 表示“意见、看法”,in one's opinion(在某人看来);have/express/hold an opinion about/on sth;opinion 后可接 that 从句。 拓展: view n.(近义词) 观点;看法 viewpoint n.(近义词) 观点 搭配: in one's opinion 在某人看来 have/express an opinion on 对……有/发表看法 public opinion 舆论;公众意见 辨析: opinion 指「意见、看法」,强调经过思考的判断;view 也指「观点」,更强调个人立场,二者常可互换;viewpoint 较正式,指「视角、观点」,与 point of view 同义。详见 view 词条辨析。 例句: Everyone is entitled to their own opinion, but friends should still respect each other. 每个人都有权保留自己的看法,但朋友之间仍应相互尊重。 In my opinion, honesty is the most important quality in a friend. 在我看来,诚实是朋友最重要的品质。 44. in one’s opinion 短语 在某人看来 用法: 介词短语作状语,用于引出个人观点,相当于 personally I think;one's 随主语变化,如 in my/his/the teacher's opinion。 搭配: in my opinion 在我看来 in the opinion of sb 据某人看来 易错: 该短语中 one's 为形容词性物主代词或所有格,不能说 in I opinion;置于句首时常用逗号与主句隔开。 例句: In my opinion, a good friend should be both honest and kind. 在我看来,好朋友应当既诚实又善良。 In the teacher's opinion, the two students should sit down and talk. 在老师看来,这两个学生应该坐下来谈一谈。 45. quality /ˈkwɒləti/ n. & adj. 品德,素质;质量;特征;优质的,高质量的 用法: 表示“品质、品德”时常用复数 qualities;表示“质量”时多作不可数,of high/good quality;作形容词表示“优质的、高质量的”。 变形: qualities(复数(品德、素质)) 搭配: personal qualities 个人品德 of high/good quality 高质量的 quality time (增进感情的)珍贵时光 例句: Kindness and honesty are important qualities in a true friend. 善良和诚实是真正朋友的重要品质。 Spending quality time together helps strengthen a friendship. 一起共度有质量的时光有助于巩固友谊。 46. basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/ n. 基础;原因;基准 用法: 复数为 bases /ˈbeɪsiːz/;on the basis of 表示“在……基础上;基于”;on a regular/daily basis 表示“定期地/每天”。 转换: basic adj. 基本的;基础的 变形: bases(复数) 拓展: base n. & vt.(同根词) 基础;以……为基础 搭配: on the basis of 在……基础上;基于 on a regular basis 定期地 form/provide a basis for 为……奠定基础 例句: Trust and honesty form the basis of a true friendship. 信任与诚实构成真正友谊的基础。 The two friends meet on a regular basis to share their thoughts. 这两位朋友定期见面交流想法。 47. respect /rɪˈspekt/ vt. & n. 尊重,尊敬;尊敬,敬意;重视 用法: 作动词表示“尊重、尊敬”,respect sb/sth;作名词表示“尊敬、敬意、重视”,have/show respect for sb、win/earn the respect of sb。 转换: respectful adj. 恭敬的;有礼貌的 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的;体面的 respective adj. 各自的;分别的 搭配: have/show respect for sb 尊重某人 win/earn the respect of 赢得……的尊敬 respect oneself 自尊 in this respect 在这方面 例句: True friends respect each other's feelings and opinions. 真正的朋友会尊重彼此的感受和观点。 She earned the respect of her classmates by always keeping her word. 她因总是信守承诺而赢得了同学们的尊敬。 48. get over 短语 克服;恢复常态 用法: 表示“克服(困难、偏见等);从(疾病、震惊、失恋等)中恢复过来”,及物短语,后接宾语;也可表示“解决、讲清”。 拓展: overcome v.(近义词) 克服;战胜 recover from(近义短语) 从……中恢复 同义辨析:get over / overcome / recover from • get over 指「克服;从……中恢复」,是口语短语,后接困难、疾病、震惊等。 · It took her months to get over the illness. 她花了好几个月才从病中恢复。 • overcome 较正式,指「克服、战胜」困难、恐惧、不良习惯等,强调靠意志力战胜。 · He finally overcame his fear of heights. 他终于克服了恐高症。 • recover from 指「从……中恢复」,强调恢复健康、常态或意识,from 后接疾病、打击等。 · She is slowly recovering from the operation. 她正在手术后慢慢恢复。 搭配: get over difficulties 克服困难 get over a shock 从震惊中恢复 get over a broken friendship 从破裂的友谊中走出来 例句: It took him months to get over the hurt caused by the argument. 他花了好几个月才从那场争吵造成的伤害中走出来。 With friends' support, she finally got over her fear of speaking in public. 在朋友的支持下,她终于克服了当众讲话的恐惧。 49. efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ adj. 效率高的,有功效的 用法: 表示“效率高的、高效能的”,可修饰人、方法、机器等;an efficient worker/way;be efficient at (doing) sth。注意区别 effective(有效的)。 转换: efficiency n. 效率;效能 efficiently adv. 高效地 搭配: an efficient way 高效的方法 be efficient at 在……方面效率高 energy-efficient 节能的 辨析: efficient 指“效率高的”,强调用时少、不浪费,多修饰人、方法、机器;effective 指“有效的”,强调能产生预期效果,多修饰措施、药物、方法。 例句: Group chat is an efficient way to keep in touch with several friends at once. 群聊是同时与几位朋友保持联系的高效方式。 She is efficient at solving problems between classmates. 她善于高效地化解同学之间的矛盾。 50. extra /ˈekstrə/ adj. & adv. 额外的,分外的,附加的;额外,另外;特别,格外 用法: 作形容词表示“额外的、附加的”,extra time/money/help;作副词表示“额外、格外、特别”,work extra hard、pay extra。无比较级。 搭配: extra time 额外时间;加时赛 extra help 额外的帮助 work extra hard 格外努力地工作 pay extra 额外付费 例句: Good friends are always willing to put in extra effort for each other. 好朋友总是愿意为彼此付出额外的努力。 Be extra careful when talking to a friend who is feeling hurt. 和内心受伤的朋友说话时要格外小心。 51. bring out 短语 使显现,使表现出 用法: 表示“使显现、使表现出(某种品质)”,bring out the best/worst in sb;也可表示“出版、推出(产品、书籍)”。 搭配: bring out the best in sb 使某人表现出最好的一面 bring out the worst in sb 使某人暴露最坏的一面 bring out a new book 推出一本新书 例句: True friendship brings out the best in each person. 真正的友谊能让每个人展现出最好的一面。 Pressure can sometimes bring out the worst in people. 压力有时会让人暴露出最坏的一面。 52. measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ vt. & n. 估量,判定;测量;措施;衡量 用法: 作动词表示“测量;估量、判定”,measure sth by/with sth;作名词表示“措施”时常用复数 take measures to do sth;表示“衡量”时多作单数 a measure of。 搭配: take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事 measure sth by sth 以某物衡量某物 a measure of success 成功的一种衡量标准 made to measure 量身定制的 易错: measure 作“措施”讲时通常用复数 measures:take measures to do sth;measure 作动词表示“(尺寸)为……”时不用于被动,如 The room measures 6 metres across。 例句: We should not measure friendship only by how long it lasts. 我们不应只以持续时间长短来衡量友谊。 The school took strong measures to stop online bullying among students. 学校采取了有力措施来制止学生间的网络欺凌。 53. reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n. 沉思;反射;映像;反映 用法: 表示“沉思、思考”时多作不可数,on/upon reflection(经考虑后);表示“映像、反射”时可数;a reflection of sth 表示“……的反映/写照”。 转换: reflective adj. 沉思的;反射的 派生: reflect v. 反射;反映;沉思 搭配: on/upon reflection 经考虑后;再三思量 a reflection of ……的反映/写照 be lost in reflection 陷入沉思 例句: On reflection, he realized he had been wrong to ignore his friend. 经再三考虑,他意识到自己不理睬朋友是不对的。 Your behaviour is a reflection of the friends you keep. 你的行为举止反映出你所交的朋友。 54. seek /siːk/ vi. & vt. 试图;寻找;争取;寻求 用法: 较正式,表示“寻找、寻求、试图”,seek sth、seek to do sth(试图做某事)、seek after/for sth。不规则变化:sought, sought。 变形: sought(过去式/过去分词) seeking(现在分词) 拓展: search v.(近义词) 搜寻;寻找 attempt v.(近义词) 试图;尝试 搭配: seek to do sth 试图做某事 seek advice/help 寻求建议/帮助 seek after/for 寻找;追求 much sought-after 广受欢迎的;抢手的 辨析: seek 指「寻找;寻求;试图」,较正式,强调有目的地寻找,如 seek help;作「寻找」讲时与 search 近义,但 search 更强调仔细搜查;seek 还可指「试图」,与 attempt 近义,如 seek to do sth。 例句: When you are in trouble, don't be afraid to seek help from your friends. 遇到困难时,不要害怕向朋友寻求帮助。 The two friends sought to rebuild the trust they had lost. 两位朋友试图重建他们失去的信任。 55. escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ vi. & vt. & n. 逃脱,躲避;逃跑;避开,避免;被遗忘;逃离,逃脱 用法: 作动词表示“逃跑、逃脱”,escape from;表示“避开、避免(不愉快的事)”时为及物,escape punishment/being punished;表示“被遗忘、未被注意”时,sth escapes sb。名词表示“逃离”,have a narrow escape。 搭配: escape from 从……逃走 escape being done 免于被…… have a narrow escape 侥幸逃脱;九死一生 a fire escape 消防通道;太平梯 易错: escape 表示“避免、避开”时为及物动词,后接名词或动名词(doing,常用被动 being done),不接不定式:escape being punished(√),escape to be punished(×)。 例句: No one can escape being hurt in a close relationship, but forgiveness heals. 在亲密关系中没人能避免受伤,但宽恕能治愈伤痛。 His name escaped me at that moment, though I knew we had met before. 那一刻我想不起他的名字了,尽管我知道我们以前见过。 56. smooth out 短语 消除(问题),克服(困难) 用法: 表示“消除(困难、分歧)、使顺利”,smooth out problems/difficulties/differences;字面义为“把……弄平”。 搭配: smooth out problems 消除问题 smooth out differences 消除分歧 smooth the way (for) (为……)铺平道路 例句: A sincere talk can help smooth out misunderstandings between friends. 一次真诚的交谈有助于消除朋友间的误解。 They met to smooth out the remaining differences before the cooperation. 他们见了面,以消除合作前尚存的分歧。 57. be meant to do sth 短语 注定要做某事,应做某事 用法: 表示“注定要做某事、本应做某事”,常含命运或意图之意;否定式 be not meant to be 表示“注定不会发生、无缘”。区别于 mean to do(打算做)。 搭配: be meant to do sth 注定/应做某事 be meant for sb/sth 为某人/某目的而准备 be not meant to be 注定不会发生;无缘 辨析: be meant to do sth 表示“注定/应该做某事”,含被动意味(= be intended/destined to);mean to do sth 表示“打算/有意做某事”,主语通常为人,二者不可混淆。 例句: Some friendships are meant to last a lifetime. 有些友谊注定要持续一生。 We were meant to meet again after all those years apart. 阔别多年后,我们注定会再次相遇。 58. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. & vt. & vi. 优势,益处,成效;使受益;得益于 用法: 作名词表示“益处、好处”,the benefit of sth、for the benefit of、of benefit to;作动词表示“使受益”(及物)或“得益于”(benefit from/by)。形容词为 beneficial。 转换: beneficial adj. 有益的;有利的 搭配: benefit from 从……中受益 the benefits of ……的好处 for the benefit of 为了……的利益 be of benefit to 对……有益 易错: benefit 作“得益于”讲时为不及物动词,须加 from/by:benefit from sth;作“使受益”讲时为及物动词,直接接宾语,如 The book benefits students。 例句: Both sides benefit from a friendship built on trust and respect. 建立在信任与尊重上的友谊让双方都受益。 Regular exercise and good friends greatly benefit your mental health. 经常锻炼和好友相伴对你的心理健康大有裨益。 59. comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ vt. & n. 宽慰,抚慰;舒服;安慰 用法: 作动词表示“安慰、抚慰”,comfort sb;作名词表示“安慰、慰藉;舒适”,give/offer comfort to sb、in comfort、be a comfort to sb。 转换: comfortable adj. 舒适的;舒服的 comforting adj. 令人安慰的 uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的;不安的 搭配: comfort sb 安慰某人 give/offer comfort to sb 给某人以安慰 in comfort 舒适地 a comfort to sb 给某人安慰的人/物 例句: She stayed to comfort her friend after the bad news. 坏消息传来后,她留下来安慰朋友。 A few kind words can be a great comfort when you feel down. 当你情绪低落时,几句善意的话会是极大的安慰。 60. joy /dʒɔɪ/ n. 高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣 用法: 表示“高兴、愉快”时多作不可数,to one's joy(令某人高兴的是)、with joy;表示“令人高兴的人/事、乐趣”时可数,the joys of sth。 转换: joyful adj. 高兴的;令人喜悦的 joyous adj. 快乐的;令人愉快的 enjoy v. 欣赏;享受 搭配: to one's joy 令某人高兴的是 jump with joy 高兴得跳起来 the joys of friendship 友谊的乐趣 例句: Sharing secrets and laughs brings much joy to a true friendship. 分享秘密与欢笑给真挚的友谊带来许多快乐。 To her great joy, her old friend came to visit unexpectedly. 令她非常高兴的是,老朋友突然来看她了。 61. failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败;失败的人(或事);未履行;故障 用法: 表示“失败”时多作不可数;表示“失败的人/事”时可数;a failure to do sth 表示“未履行、未能做某事”。动词为 fail。 派生: fail v. 失败;未能;不及格 搭配: end in failure 以失败告终 a failure to do sth 未能做某事 heart failure 心力衰竭 例句: A quarrel is not a failure of friendship; it can make the bond stronger. 争吵并非友谊的失败,它反而能让关系更牢固。 His failure to keep his promise disappointed his best friend. 他未能信守承诺,让最好的朋友很失望。 62. take on 短语 呈现,具有 用法: 表示“呈现(某种外观、特征、性质)”,take on a new look/meaning;还可表示“承担(责任、工作)”、“雇用”。 搭配: take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take on a new meaning 具有新的意义 take on responsibility 承担责任 例句: After their honest talk, the friendship took on a new meaning. 经过那次坦诚的交谈,这段友谊有了新的意义。 The old town has taken on a fresh look since the cleanup. 自环境整治以来,这座古镇焕然一新。 63. in full measure 短语 最大程度地,最大限度地 用法: 固定短语,表示“充分地、最大程度地”,常与动词 give/receive/experience 等连用;反义短语 in some measure(在某种程度上)。 拓展: to the full(近义短语) 充分地;尽情地 in some measure(相关词) 在某种程度上 搭配: give love in full measure 毫无保留地付出爱 receive joy in full measure 尽享欢乐 辨析: in full measure 指「充分地、最大限度地」,强调程度达到最大;to the full 指「充分地、尽情地」,强调尽情享受或发挥,二者常可互换。 例句: True friends give their trust and support in full measure. 真正的朋友会毫无保留地给予信任与支持。 When you forgive wholeheartedly, you receive peace in full measure. 当你全心全意地宽恕时,你会获得最大程度的平静。 64. moment /ˈməʊmənt/ n. 时光,时机;瞬间;某个时刻 用法: 表示“瞬间、时刻、时机”,at the moment(此刻)、for the moment(暂时)、the moment (that)...(一……就……)。 搭配: at the moment 此刻;目前 for the moment 暂时;目前 the moment (that)... 一……就…… at that moment 在那一刻 例句: The moment she saw her old friend, she ran over and hugged her. 一看到老朋友,她就跑过去拥抱她。 Even a small moment of kindness can mend a broken friendship. 哪怕只是一个小小的善意瞬间,也能修复破裂的友谊。 65. indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. 其实,实际上;的确;真正地 用法: 副词,表示“的确、确实”,用于肯定或加强语气;也可表示“其实、实际上”,置于句首或句中。口语中可表示兴趣、惊讶或讽刺。 拓展: really adv.(近义词) 确实;真正地 truly adv.(近义词) 真正地;忠实地 搭配: very... indeed 确实非常…… thank you very much indeed 真是非常感谢 辨析: indeed 指「确实、的确」,用于强调肯定或加强语气,较正式;really 指「确实;真正地」,口语常用,也可表示惊讶;truly 指「真正地;忠实地」,强调真实性,如 truly sorry。 例句: A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 The two friends were, indeed, more like brothers. 这两位朋友实际上更像兄弟。 66. well-meaning /ˌwel ˈmiːnɪŋ/ adj. 出于好心的,善意的 用法: 复合形容词,表示“出于好心的、善意的”,常修饰人、建议、话语等;well-meaning 但未必有效,可能结果不如预期。 搭配: a well-meaning friend 好心的朋友 well-meaning advice 善意的建议 例句: Her well-meaning words accidentally hurt her friend's feelings. 她那些出于好意的话无意中伤害了朋友的感情。 Well-meaning advice should be given with care and respect. 善意的建议也应带着体谅与尊重来说。 67. recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ vt. 承认,意识到;认出,辨别出 用法: 表示“认出、辨认出”,recognize sb/sth by/as;表示“承认、意识到”,recognize that...、be recognized as/to be。名词为 recognition。 转换: recognition n. 认出;承认;赞誉 搭配: recognize sb by sth 凭某物认出某人 be recognized as 被承认为…… recognize the importance of 意识到……的重要性 beyond recognition 面目全非;认不出来 例句: She hardly recognized her old classmate after so many years. 这么多年后,她几乎认不出她的老同学了。 It is important to recognize your own mistakes in a friendship. 在友谊中,意识到自己的错误很重要。 68. thorough /ˈθʌrə/ adj. 彻底的,全面的;仔细的 用法: 表示“彻底的、全面的、仔细的”,a thorough check/investigation;也可指人“细心的、一丝不苟的”。注意与 through(穿过)区分拼写和发音。 转换: thoroughly adv. 彻底地;非常 thoroughness n. 彻底;周密 搭配: a thorough understanding 透彻的理解 a thorough check 彻底检查 be thorough in 在……方面细致周到 例句: They had a thorough talk and finally cleared up every misunderstanding. 他们进行了一次彻底的交谈,终于澄清了所有误会。 She is thorough in everything she does, especially in keeping her promises. 她做任何事都一丝不苟,尤其是在信守承诺方面。 69. death /deθ/ n. 死,死亡;死亡状态 用法: die 的名词形式,表示“死亡、死亡状态”;put sb to death(处死)、to death(到极点,如 be bored to death);形容词为 dead/deadly。 转换: die v. 死;枯萎 dead adj. 死的;已故的 deadly adj. 致命的 搭配: the death of ……的死亡 put sb to death 处死某人 be scared to death 吓得要死 cause death 导致死亡 例句: The death of a close friend is one of the hardest things a teenager may face. 密友的离世是青少年可能面对的最艰难的事情之一。 True friendship lasts even beyond death, remembered in the heart forever. 真正的友谊甚至超越死亡,永远铭记于心。 70. company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 陪伴,作伴;公司 用法: 表示“陪伴、作伴”时为不可数名词,keep sb company(陪伴某人)、be good/bad company(是有趣/乏味的伙伴);表示“公司”时可数。注意区分 accompany(动词“陪伴”)。 转换: accompany v. 陪伴;伴随;伴奏 搭配: keep sb company 陪伴某人;给某人作伴 be good/bad company 是有趣/乏味的伙伴 in company with 与……一起 enjoy one's company 喜欢与某人在一起 易错: company 表示“陪伴”时为不可数名词,“陪伴某人”是 keep sb company,不说 keep sb a company;动词“陪伴”是 accompany(及物),不要混淆。 例句: When she felt lonely, her best friend came over to keep her company. 她感到孤独时,最好的朋友过来陪她。 I always enjoy your company; you really know how to cheer me up. 我一直喜欢和你在一起,你真懂得如何让我开心。 71. crowd /kraʊd/ n. & vt. & vi. 一伙人,一帮人;人群;挤满,使拥挤;聚集;挤,涌 用法: 作名词表示“人群、一伙人”,a crowd of、the crowd;也可指“(有共同兴趣的)一帮人”,the usual crowd;作动词表示“挤满、拥挤”,be crowded with、crowd into。 转换: crowded adj. 拥挤的;挤满的 搭配: a crowd of 一群…… be crowded with 挤满了…… crowd into 涌入;挤入 follow the crowd 随大流;人云亦云 例句: At the reunion, she spotted her old friend among the crowd. 聚会上,她在人群中认出了老朋友。 The small café was crowded with students chatting and laughing. 小咖啡馆里挤满了又说又笑的学生。 72. poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 用法: 可数名词,表示“诗人”;a famous poet。注意区别 poem(诗、诗歌)和 poetry(诗歌总称,不可数)。 派生: poem n. 诗;韵文 poetry n. 诗歌(总称);诗意 搭配: a famous poet 著名诗人 a romantic poet 浪漫主义诗人 辨析: poet 指“诗人”(人);poem 指“一首诗、韵文”(作品,可数);poetry 是“诗歌(总称)”或“诗意”,为不可数集合名词。 例句: The poet wrote movingly about friendship that lasts through thick and thin. 那位诗人动人地描写了同甘共苦的友谊。 73. admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ vt. 钦佩;欣赏 用法: 表示“钦佩、赞赏;欣赏”,admire sb/sth (for sth)、admire sb for doing sth;不用于进行时。名词为 admiration。 转换: admiration n. 钦佩;赞赏 admirable adj. 令人钦佩的;值得赞美的 搭配: admire sb for sth 因某事钦佩某人 admire the view 欣赏风景 express admiration for 对……表示钦佩 易错: admire 表示“因某事而钦佩某人”用 admire sb for (doing) sth,不用 because of;不用于进行时。 例句: I admire her for being brave enough to apologize when she is wrong. 我钦佩她在错了的时候能勇敢地道歉。 We stopped to admire the sunset over the lake on our walk home. 回家路上,我们停下来欣赏湖上的日落。 74. wine /waɪn/ n. 葡萄酒;果酒 用法: 表示“葡萄酒、果酒”,多作不可数,a glass/bottle of wine;red/white wine;也可作动词“以酒招待”。 搭配: a glass of wine 一杯葡萄酒 red/white wine 红/白葡萄酒 fruit wine 果酒 例句: The two old friends raised their glasses of wine to celebrate their reunion. 两位老朋友举起酒杯,庆祝重逢。 Unit 3 Getting along with others 单词详解丨小南老师英语库原创丨by:18014856976 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 一、词链练习(含词性转换和派生词) 根据所给词性及中文释义,写出相应的单词。 1. ________ adj. 局促不安的;令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的 → ________ n. 尴尬;笨拙 → ________ adv. 尴尬地;笨拙地 2. ________ adj. 起初的;独创的;原作的 → ________ v. 起源;发源 → ________ n. 起源;出身 → ________ n. 独创性;创意 → ________ adv. 起初;原来 3. ________ adj. 令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的 → ________ n. 恐怖;震惊 → ________ adv. 可怕地;非常 4. ________ vi. & vt. 恢复健康;恢复常态;全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制 → ________ n. 恢复;痊愈;找回 5. ________ vi. & vt. 回答,回应;作出反应,响应 → ________ n. 回答;反应;响应 6. ________ vt. & vi. & n. 评价,(尤指)批评;判断,认为;法官;裁判员 → ________ n. 判断力;评价;判决 7. ________ vi. 道歉,谢罪 → ________ n. 道歉;歉意 8. ________ n.(AmE behavior) 行为,举止,态度 → ________ v. 表现;举止端正 9. ________ adj. 坦率的,直率的 → ________ n. 坦率;坦白 → ________ adv. 坦率地;说实话 10. ________ adv. 肯定,确实;确切地 → ________ adj. 明确的;肯定的 11. ________ vt. 忽视,对……不予理会 → ________ n. 无知;不了解 → ________ adj. 无知的;不知道的 12. ________ vi. & vt. 受苦,受折磨;变差;遭受,蒙受 → ________ n. 患病者;受苦者 → ________ n. 痛苦;苦难(常用复数 sufferings) 13. ________ vi. & vt. (愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发;爆炸;使爆炸 → ________ n. 爆炸;爆发 → ________ adj. 爆炸的;爆炸性的 14. ________ adj. 宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的 → ________ n. 慷慨;大方;宽宏大量 → ________ adv. 慷慨地;宽宏大量地 15. ________ n. 博客,网志 → ________ n. 博客作者;博主 → ________ n. 写博客;博客写作 16. ________ n. 奴隶 → ________ n. 奴隶制;奴隶身份 17. ________ n. 基础;原因;基准 → ________ adj. 基本的;基础的 18. ________ vt. & n. 尊重,尊敬;尊敬,敬意;重视 → ________ adj. 值得尊敬的;体面的 → ________ adj. 恭敬的;有礼貌的 → ________ adj. 各自的;分别的 19. ________ adj. 效率高的,有功效的 → ________ n. 效率;效能 → ________ adv. 高效地 20. ________ n. 沉思;反射;映像;反映 → ________ v. 反射;反映;沉思 → ________ adj. 沉思的;反射的 21. ________ n. & vt. & vi. 优势,益处,成效;使受益;得益于 → ________ adj. 有益的;有利的 22. ________ vt. & n. 宽慰,抚慰;舒服;安慰 → ________ adj. 舒适的;舒服的 → ________ adj. 令人安慰的 → ________ adj. 不舒服的;不安的 23. ________ n. 高兴,愉快;令人高兴的人(或事),乐趣 → ________ v. 欣赏;享受 → ________ adj. 高兴的;令人喜悦的 → ________ adj. 快乐的;令人愉快的 24. ________ n. 失败;失败的人(或事);未履行;故障 → ________ v. 失败;未能;不及格 25. ________ vt. 承认,意识到;认出,辨别出 → ________ n. 认出;承认;赞誉 26. ________ adj. 彻底的,全面的;仔细的 → ________ n. 彻底;周密 → ________ adv. 彻底地;非常 27. ________ n. 死,死亡;死亡状态 → ________ v. 死;枯萎 → ________ adj. 死的;已故的 → ________ adj. 致命的 28. ________ n. 陪伴,作伴;公司 → ________ v. 陪伴;伴随;伴奏 29. ________ n. & vt. & vi. 一伙人,一帮人;人群;挤满,使拥挤;聚集;挤,涌 → ________ adj. 拥挤的;挤满的 30. ________ n. 诗人 → ________ n. 诗;韵文 → ________ n. 诗歌(总称);诗意 31. ________ vt. 钦佩;欣赏 → ________ n. 钦佩;赞赏 → ________ adj. 令人钦佩的;值得赞美的 二、看中文写英文 根据句子意思及括号内的汉语提示,在空格处填入适当的单词或短语。 1. The boy felt ________ (局促不安的) when he forgot his friend's name. 2. It took her months to ________ (恢复) from the misunderstanding. 3. Please ________ (联系) me by phone if you need any help. 4. True friends never ________ (忽视) each other's true feelings. 5. He ________ (道歉) to his friend for his rude words yesterday. 6. It is ________ (慷慨的) of you to share your notes with your classmates. 7. You can always ________ (依靠) me when you are in trouble. 8. Honesty is one of the most important ________ (品德) of a good friend. 9. A true friend will stay with you ________ (同甘共苦). 10. They chose to talk ________ (亲自) instead of sending messages online. 11. After the quarrel, it took them weeks to ________ (克服) their anger. 12. She was ________ (不知所措) when asked to speak in front of the class. 13. Don't let a small argument ________ (离间) you and your best friend. 14. If you are ________ (有错), you should apologize sincerely. 15. We all ________ (钦佩) her for her courage and honesty. 16. Good friends ________ (宽慰) each other during hard times. 17. She ________ (误解) what I said and got very angry. 18. A friend in need is a friend ________ (的确). 19. Instead of telling lies, be ________ (坦率的) with your friends. 20. Good communication will surely ________ (使受益) your friendship. 三、单词适当形式填空 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. It was kind of you ________ (apologize) to your friend in front of others. 2. After his joke, the situation became even ________ (awkward) than before. 3. A true friend, if ________ (misunderstand), will still choose to trust you. 4. He spoke ________ (frank) about his mistake in front of the whole class. 5. Her ________ (generous) in sharing her notes moved everyone present. 6. It is the first time that he ________ (recognize) his own mistake openly. 7. You can always count on him ________ (respect) your secrets and feelings. 8. Instead of ________ (ignore) the problem, we should face it bravely together. 9. She looked through her old photos, ________ (seek) to recall the happy moments. 10. The waiting room was warm and ________ (comfort), and soon the boy calmed down. 11. His rude ________ (behave) at the party left a bad impression on everyone. 12. If she ________ (recover) sooner, she would have attended her friend's birthday party. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 True friendship is like a strong tree; it grows strong only when it ___1___ (water) by trust and care. Yet even the best friends can find their relationship ___2___ the rocks from time to time. A misunderstanding, if ___3___ (leave) unsettled, may eat away at what once was a close bond. When you realize you are in the wrong, the best policy is ___4___ (apologize) sincerely. Rather than ignore the problem or blame each other, friends should talk in person and look for a way ___5___ (solve) the problem. A generous friend will not let small conflicts come between him and his peers. ___6___ is often said that a friend in need is a friend indeed. Through thick ___7___ thin, true friends count on each other and never let go. After a quarrel, it may take time to recover, ___8___ a genuine friendship is worth saving. Good communicators listen ___9___ (patient) rather than merely wait for their turn to speak. In the end, the qualities we look for in others—honesty, respect and kindness—are the very ones that make friendship ___10___ (last). 五、参考答案 一、词链练习(含词性转换和派生词) 1. awkward / awkwardness / awkwardly 2. original / originate / origin / originality / originally 3. horrible / horror / horribly 4. recover / recovery 5. respond / response 6. judge / judgement/judgment 7. apologize / apology 8. behaviour / behave 9. frank / frankness / frankly 10. definitely / definite 11. ignore / ignorance / ignorant 12. suffer / sufferer / suffering 13. explode / explosion / explosive 14. generous / generosity / generously 15. blog / blogger / blogging 16. slave / slavery 17. basis / basic 18. respect / respectable / respectful / respective 19. efficient / efficiency / efficiently 20. reflection / reflect / reflective 21. benefit / beneficial 22. comfort / comfortable / comforting / uncomfortable 23. joy / enjoy / joyful / joyous 24. failure / fail 25. recognize / recognition 26. thorough / thoroughness / thoroughly 27. death / die / dead / deadly 28. company / accompany 29. crowd / crowded 30. poet / poem / poetry 31. admire / admiration / admirable 二、看中文写英文 1. awkward 2. recover 3. contact 4. ignore 5. apologized 6. generous 7. count on 8. qualities 9. through thick and thin 10. in person 11. get over 12. at a loss 13. come between 14. in the wrong 15. admire 16. comfort 17. misunderstood 18. indeed 19. frank 20. benefit 三、单词适当形式填空 1. to apologize 2. more awkward 3. misunderstood 4. frankly 5. generosity 6. has recognized 7. to respect 8. ignoring 9. seeking 10. comfortable 11. behaviour 12. had recovered 四、短文填空 1. is watered 2. on 3. left 4. to apologize 5. to solve 6. It 7. and 8. but 9. patiently 10. last $

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Unit 3 Getting along with others 单元单词详解 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版(2020)必修第一册
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Unit 3 Getting along with others 单元单词详解 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版(2020)必修第一册
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Unit 3 Getting along with others 单元单词详解 讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版(2020)必修第一册
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