Unit 4 课时3 Section A Grammar focus（分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 4课时3语法聚焦分层作业，通过A/B/C组递进设计，从词汇句型巩固到语篇综合应用，精准适配新授课差异化教学，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|基础词汇与句型|词汇填空、句型补全巩固核心词汇（如“完整的”“猎豹”）及最高级基本结构| |B组|语法应用与综合表达|最高级转换、补全对话强化语法规则运用，短文填空结合情境提升语言表达| |C组|语篇理解与思维拓展|完形填空、阅读理解深化语篇分析能力，培养信息提取与逻辑推断思维|

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 ( 词汇 ______ adj. 完整的；满的 ____________ 非洲象 ______ 猎豹 ______ 玫瑰 ______ 牡丹 __________ 荷花 _________ 蝴蝶 ____________ 银杏树 ____ n. 翅膀 ______ adj. 古老的 ________ adj. 常见的 ______ adj. 活着的 ____________ 陆生动物 ____________ 在世界上 __________ 在所有陆生动物中 句型 1. The blue whale is ________________ animal in the world. 蓝鲸是世界上最大、最重的动物 。 2. The cheetah runs _________________ land animals. 猎豹在所有陆生动物中跑得最快。 3. The ginkgo tree is ____________________ on earth. 银杏树是地球上最古老的活树之一。 ) 一、单词拼写 写出下列单词的最高级。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．big ________ 2．fast ________ 3．heavy ________ 4．beautiful ________ 5．useful ________ 6．late ________ 7．thin ________ 8．lazy ________ 9．good ________ 10．well ________ 11．many ________ 12．little ________ 13．colourful ________ 14．ancient ________ 15．popular ________ 二、单项选择 1．Among all fruits, the strawberry is one of ________ delicious for me. A．the most B．more C．most D．much 2．Bees work ________ of all insects. A．hard B．harder C．most hard D．the hardest 3．—Is Shanghai the ________ city in China? —No, Chongqing is ________. It has a larger population and area. A．big; bigger B．bigger; biggest C．biggest; bigger D．biggest; biggest 4．—Do you know the ginkgo in Shandong? —Yes, it’s one of ________ ginkgoes in China. A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest 5．—What do you think of the store, Harry? —It has ________ service, so no people go there to buy things. A．worst B．the best C．best D．the worst 三、完成句子 1．哪一种动物是世界上最重的？ ________ animal is ________ ________ in the world? 2．The blue whale is heavier than any other animal.（同义最高级） The blue whale is ____________________ animal on Earth. 3．猎豹在陆地上跑得最快。 The cheetah runs ________ ________ on land. 4．仙人掌是最耐旱的植物之一。 The cactus is one of ________ ________ drought‑resistant plants. 5．The cheetah runs fast. (用三者对比改为最高级) The cheetah runs ____________________ all land animals. 一、语法填空 （用方框词的最高级填空） good, ancient, popular, useful, important, beautiful The ginkgo tree is 1 living tree on Earth. It has a history of over 200 million years. Autumn is 2 time to watch its yellow leaves. Walking under ginkgoes is one of 3 outdoor activities in China. Among all plants, bamboo is one of 4 plants. People build houses and make tools with it. Bees are 5 insects to humans because they help plants grow. Many people think cherry blossoms are 6 flowers in spring. 二、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。 Kenya is a country in Africa. In the past, many farmers in this country 1 (plant) corn. But the sales were not good. Also, the weather changed a lot. 2 the farmers had to look for new plants to grow. 3 (fortunate), they found the avocado (牛油果). It is a popular fruit around the world. Because of the special weather the avocado production season in Kenya lasts for eight 4 (month). Also, avocados bring 5 (much) money than corn. So 6 is a good idea for farmers to plant avocados. Now, Kenya is the 7 (big) seller of avocados in Africa. Its avocados travel 8 Spain, the Netherlands, the Middle East and Egypt. In August 2022, Kenya started selling fresh avocados to China for the 9 (one) time. Maybe the last fresh avocado you ate is 10 this country. 三、补全对话 A: Look at these pictures of animals and plants. 1 B: The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. A: 2 B: I think pandas are the cutest animals. They are black and white. A: 3 B: Among all land animals, the cheetah runs the fastest. A: What about plants? 4 B: I think bamboo is one of the most useful plants. People can use it to build houses and make tools. A: 5 B: The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees. Some are over 1,400 years old. A．Which animal runs the fastest? B．What’s the largest animal in the world? C．What do you think is the most useful plant? D．What about the oldest tree? E．Which animal do you think is the cutest? 一、完形填空 The Redwood Forest Adventure Redwood forests are amazing. The redwood trees are some of the 1 (tall) trees on Earth. They can reach heights of over 100 meters! Walking into a redwood forest feels like entering a 2 (magic) world. These forests are home to many animals. Birds sing 3 (sweet) in the trees, and small animals run around. The redwood bark is thick and strong. People use it to make 4 (use) things like boxes and crafts. Redwood trees have a long lifespan. Some are more than 2,000 years old. They grow 5 (slow) but steadily. Even in difficult conditions, they show great 6 (strong) to survive. Visiting redwood forests is popular. Every year, 7 (thousand) of tourists come to admire these giants. They learn about the trees’ history and 8 (important) to nature. We must protect redwood forests. They are not just beautiful but also 9 (value) for scientific research. By protecting them, we ensure future generations can 10 (experience) their wonder too. 1．A．tallest B．taller C．tall D．the tall 2．A．magic B．magics C．magical D．magically 3．A．sweet B．sweetly C．sweets D．sweetness 4．A．use B．uses C．useful D．useless 5．A．slow B．slowly C．slower D．slowest 6．A．strength B．strong C．stronger D．strongest 7．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 8．A．important B．importance C．importantly D．import 9．A．valuable B．more valuable C．most valuable D．the valuable 10．A．experience B．experiences C．experienced D．experiencing 二、阅读理解 （A） The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is the best. This tree is over 1,400 years old. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the most popular time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of the most common trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of the most popular activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their hearts. 1．How old are ginkgo trees as a species? A．Over 1,400 years old. B．Over 200 million years old. C．Over 2,000 years old. D．Over 100 million years old. 2．What does the ginkgo tree symbolize in China? A．Beauty and wealth. B．Hope and long life. C．Strength and power. D．Happiness and joy. 3．Where is the most famous old ginkgo tree? A．In Beijing. B．In Shanghai. C．In Shaanxi Province. D．In Sichuan Province. 4．When is the most popular time to see the ginkgo tree? A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In mid-October. D．In winter. 5．What colour are ginkgo leaves in autumn? A．Green. B．Red. C．Yellow. D．Brown. （B） The Amazing Cactus Cacti are special plants that mainly grow in deserts. Unlike most plants, they have thick stems instead of large leaves. These stems can store water, which is very important for living in dry places. Cacti come in many shapes and sizes. Some are as small as a tennis ball, while others can grow up to 20 meters tall. Their flowers are usually bright—pink, yellow, or red—and bloom for a short time each year. Why don’t cacti need much water? One reason is their spines. Spines are like sharp needles that grow on the stems. They stop animals from eating the cactus and also reduce water loss by shading the plant. People in desert areas use cacti in different ways. Some eat the fruit of certain cacti, which is sweet and juicy. Others use the stems to make medicine. But cacti are also in danger because of overcollecting and habitat loss. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 6．Where do most cacti grow? A．In forests. B．In deserts. C．In rivers. D．In mountains. 7．What helps cacti store water? A．Large leaves. B．Thin stems. C．Thick stems. D．Bright flowers. 8．What is the function of cactus spines? A．To help the plant grow taller. B．To store extra water. C．To stop animals from eating the cactus. D．To make the plant look beautiful. 9．The underlined word “habitat” means ________ in Chinese. A．寿命 B．栖息地 C．品种 D．价值 10．Why are cacti in danger? A．They get too much water. B．They bloom for a short time. C．Overcollecting and habitat loss. D．Their fruit is too sweet. $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇：full,African elephant,cheetah,rose,peony,lotus flower,butterfly,ginkgo tree,wing,ancient,common , living,land animal,in the world,among all land animals 句型：1. the largest and heaviest 2. the fastest among all 3. one of the oldest living trees 一、单词拼写 1．biggest 2．fastest 3．heaviest 4．most beautiful 5．most useful 6．latest 7．thinnest 8．laziest 9．best 10．best 11．most 12．least 13．most colourful 14．most ancient 15．most popular 二、单项选择 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．D 三、完成句子 1．Which the heaviest 2．the heaviest 3． the fastest 4． the most 5．the fastest of 一、语法填空 1．the most ancient 2．the best 3．the most popular 4．the most useful 5．the most important 6．the most beautiful 二、短文填空 1．planted 2．So 3．Fortunately 4．months 5．more 6．it 7．biggest 8．to 9．first 10．from 三、补全对话 1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．D 一、完形填空 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．A 二、阅读理解 （A）1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C （B）6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 ( 词汇 full adj. 完整的；满的 African elephant 非洲象 cheetah 猎豹 rose 玫瑰 peony 牡丹 lotus flower 荷花 butterfly 蝴蝶 ginkgo tree 银杏树 wing n. 翅膀 ancient adj. 古老的 common adj. 常见的 living adj. 活着的 land animal 陆生动物 in the world 在世界上 among all land animals 在所有陆生动物中 句型 1. The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. 蓝鲸是世界上最大、最重的动物 。 2. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 猎豹在所有陆生动物中跑得最快。 3. The ginkgo tree is one of the oldest living trees on earth. 银杏树是地球上最古老的活树之一。 ) 一、单词拼写 写出下列单词的最高级。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．big ________ 2．fast ________ 3．heavy ________ 4．beautiful ________ 5．useful ________ 6．late ________ 7．thin ________ 8．lazy ________ 9．good ________ 10．well ________ 11．many ________ 12．little ________ 13．colourful ________ 14．ancient ________ 15．popular ________ 【答案】 1．biggest 2．fastest 3．heaviest 4．most beautiful 5．most useful 6．latest 7．thinnest 8．laziest 9．best 10．best 11．most 12．least 13．most colourful 14．most ancient 15．most popular 二、单项选择 1．Among all fruits, the strawberry is one of ________ delicious for me. A．the most B．more C．most D．much 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在所有水果中，草莓对我来说是最美味的水果之一。 the most最（much或many的最高级，前面加the）；more更（much或many的比较级）；most最（much或many的最高级）；much许多（原级，可修饰不可数名词和比较级）。根据“Among all fruits”可知，是在三者及以上进行比较，应用最高级，且形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the，固定搭配“one of the+形容词最高级”表示“最……之一”。应填the most。 2．Bees work ________ of all insects. A．hard B．harder C．most hard D．the hardest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：蜜蜂在所有昆虫中工作最努力。 根据“of all insects”可知是在三者及以上范围内进行比较，应用最高级，hard的最高级为hardest，且最高级前可加定冠词the。 3．—Is Shanghai the ________ city in China? —No, Chongqing is ________. It has a larger population and area. A．big; bigger B．bigger; biggest C．biggest; bigger D．biggest; biggest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——上海是中国最大的城市吗？——不是，重庆更大。它有更多的人口和更大的面积。 第一空“in China”提示范围，“the”后接最高级biggest修饰名词“city”；第二空表示重庆比上海更大，用比较级bigger。 4．—Do you know the ginkgo in Shandong? —Yes, it’s one of ________ ginkgoes in China. A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道山东的银杏树吗？——是的，它是中国最古老的银杏树之一。 根据“…one of ... ginkgoes in China”可知，此处表示“中国最古老的银杏树之一”，固定结构为“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。应选the oldest。 5．—What do you think of the store, Harry? —It has ________ service, so no people go there to buy things. A．worst B．the best C．best D．the worst 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Harry，你觉得这家商店怎么样？——它的服务最差，所以没有人去那里买东西。 worst最差的；the best最好的；best最好的；the worst最差的。根据“so no people go there to buy things”可知，服务不好，worst“最差的”符合语境，排除选项B和C，形容词的最高级前需加定冠词the，the worst符合语境。 三、完成句子 1．哪一种动物是世界上最重的？ ________ animal is ________ ________ in the world? 【答案】 Which the heaviest 【详解】原句中“哪一种”和“最重的”是关键词。“哪一种”用特殊疑问词which表达，位于句首，首字母要大写；“最重的”用heaviest表达，是形容词heavy的最高级，形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the。 2．The blue whale is heavier than any other animal.（同义最高级） The blue whale is ____________________ animal on Earth. 【答案】the heaviest 【详解】句意：蓝鲸比其他任何动物都重。表示“蓝鲸比其他任何动物都重”有两种方式：The blue whale is heavier than any other animal或The blue whale is the heaviest animal on Earth，二者可以互换，原句意为“蓝鲸比任何其他动物都重”，隐含意思是“蓝鲸是世界上最重的动物”，目标句中有范围状语“on Earth”，应使用形容词最高级结构。形容词 heavy 的最高级形式为 heaviest，且最高级前通常需加定冠词the。故填the heaviest。 3．猎豹在陆地上跑得最快。 The cheetah runs ________ ________ on land. 【答案】 the fastest 【详解】原句中“最快”是关键词，表示“快”的副词是fast，其最高级形式为fastest；在英语中，副词最高级前可以加定冠词the，共同修饰动词“runs”。故填the；fastest。 4．仙人掌是最耐旱的植物之一。 The cactus is one of ________ ________ drought‑resistant plants. 【答案】 the most 【详解】原句中“最……之一”为关键信息，固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，drought-resistant的最高级形式为most drought-resistant。 5．The cheetah runs fast. (用三者对比改为最高级) The cheetah runs ____________________ all land animals. 【答案】the fastest of 【详解】句意：猎豹跑得很快。题目要求三者及以上对比，需使用副词最高级。fast修饰动词runs，它的最高级形式为fastest；最高级前通常加定冠词the，表示比较范围常用介词of。 一、语法填空 （用方框词的最高级填空） good, ancient, popular, useful, important, beautiful The ginkgo tree is 1 living tree on Earth. It has a history of over 200 million years. Autumn is 2 time to watch its yellow leaves. Walking under ginkgoes is one of 3 outdoor activities in China. Among all plants, bamboo is one of 4 plants. People build houses and make tools with it. Bees are 5 insects to humans because they help plants grow. Many people think cherry blossoms are 6 flowers in spring. 【答案】1．the most ancient 2．the best 3．the most popular 4．the most useful 5．the most important 6．the most beautiful 【导语】本文分别介绍了银杏、竹子、蜜蜂、樱花各自对应的特质，均使用形容词最高级描述事物特点。 【详解】1．句意：银杏树是地球上最古老的现存树木。根据后句“It has a history of over 200 million years”可知，此处强调银杏树历史最悠久。方框词中ancient意为“古老的”，符合语境。要求用最高级，多音节形容词最高级前加the，所以填the most ancient。 2．句意：秋天是观赏它金黄叶片的最佳时节。此处修饰“time”要用形容词，表示“最佳时节”，选形容词good，符合语境。good的最高级不规则变化为best，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the，所以填the best。 3．句意：在银杏树下漫步是中国最受欢迎的户外活动之一。此处修饰“outdoor activities”，需要填形容词来修饰，方框词中的popular，意为“受欢迎的”，符合语境。结构：one of the+最高级+复数名词，所以填the most popular。 4．句意：在所有植物中，竹子是用途最广的植物之一。根据后句“People build houses and make tools with it”可知，竹子非常有用。方框词中的useful，意为“有用的”，符合语境。要求用最高级，前面加the，所以填the most useful。 5．句意：蜜蜂对人类而言是最重要的昆虫，因为它们助力植物生长。根据后句“because they help plants grow”可知，蜜蜂对人类很重要。方框词中important，意为“重要的”，符合语境。要求用最高级，前面加the，所以填the most important。 6．句意：很多人认为樱花是春天最美的花卉。此处修饰名词“flowers”，表示美丽的花，需要形容词，方框词中的beautiful，意为“美丽的”，符合语境。要求用最高级，前面加the，所以填the most beautiful。 二、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。 Kenya is a country in Africa. In the past, many farmers in this country 1 (plant) corn. But the sales were not good. Also, the weather changed a lot. 2 the farmers had to look for new plants to grow. 3 (fortunate), they found the avocado (牛油果). It is a popular fruit around the world. Because of the special weather the avocado production season in Kenya lasts for eight 4 (month). Also, avocados bring 5 (much) money than corn. So 6 is a good idea for farmers to plant avocados. Now, Kenya is the 7 (big) seller of avocados in Africa. Its avocados travel 8 Spain, the Netherlands, the Middle East and Egypt. In August 2022, Kenya started selling fresh avocados to China for the 9 (one) time. Maybe the last fresh avocado you ate is 10 this country. 【答案】 1．planted 2．So 3．Fortunately 4．months 5．more 6．it 7．biggest 8．to 9．first 10．from 【导语】本文介绍了肯尼亚农民因玉米销售不佳和气候变化而改种牛油果，并成功将其出口到多个国家，包括中国。 【详解】1．句意：在过去，这个国家的许多农民种植玉米。“In the past”提示时态为一般过去时，主语“many farmers”为复数，谓语应用plant的过去式planted，意为“种植”。 2．句意：所以农民们不得不寻找新的植物来种植。前句提到天气变化很大，后句说农民不得不寻找新植物，前后存在因果关系，应用连词So，意为“所以”，句首首字母大写。 3．句意：幸运的是，他们发现了牛油果。空处修饰整个句子，应用fortunate的副词形式Fortunately，意为“幸运的是”，句首首字母大写。 4．句意：由于特殊的气候，肯尼亚的牛油果生产季节持续八个月。month“月份”，可数名词，空前有eight修饰，应用复数形式months。 5．句意：此外，牛油果比玉米带来更多的钱。空后than corn提示应用比较级，much的比较级为more，意为“更多的”。 6．句意：所以对农民来说种植牛油果是一个好主意。空处作形式主语，真正主语为不定式“to plant avocados”，应用it作形式主语。 7．句意：现在，肯尼亚是非洲最大的牛油果销售商。空处被定冠词the修饰，且表示“最大的”，应用big的最高级形式biggest。 8．句意：它的牛油果出口到西班牙、荷兰、中东和埃及。travel to意为“前往，运往”，后接目的地，应用介词to。 9．句意：2022年8月，肯尼亚首次开始向中国出口新鲜牛油果。空处修饰名词time，表示顺序“第一”，应用one的序数词形式first。 10．句意：也许你吃的最后一个新鲜牛油果就来自这个国家。空处表示“来自”，应用介词from，意为“从……来”。 三、补全对话 A: Look at these pictures of animals and plants. 1 B: The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. A: 2 B: I think pandas are the cutest animals. They are black and white. A: 3 B: Among all land animals, the cheetah runs the fastest. A: What about plants? 4 B: I think bamboo is one of the most useful plants. People can use it to build houses and make tools. A: 5 B: The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees. Some are over 1,400 years old. A．Which animal runs the fastest? B．What’s the largest animal in the world? C．What do you think is the most useful plant? D．What about the oldest tree? E．Which animal do you think is the cutest? 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了A和B看着动植物图片进行讨论。 【详解】1．根据答语“The blue whale is the largest animal in the world.”可知，用B选项“What’s the largest animal in the world?”询问世界上最大的动物是什么。 2．根据答语“I think pandas are the cutest animals.”，用E选项“Which animal do you think is the cutest?”询问对方认为哪种动物最可爱。 3．根据答语“Among all land animals, the cheetah runs the fastest.”可知，用A选项“Which animal runs the fastest?”询问哪种动物跑得最快，故选 A。 4．根据答语“I think bamboo is one of the most useful plants.”可知，用C选项“What do you think is the most useful plant?”询问对方认为最有用的植物是什么。 5．根据答语“The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees.”可知，用D选项“What about the oldest tree?”询问最古老的树。 一、完形填空 The Redwood Forest Adventure Redwood forests are amazing. The redwood trees are some of the 1 (tall) trees on Earth. They can reach heights of over 100 meters! Walking into a redwood forest feels like entering a 2 (magic) world. These forests are home to many animals. Birds sing 3 (sweet) in the trees, and small animals run around. The redwood bark is thick and strong. People use it to make 4 (use) things like boxes and crafts. Redwood trees have a long lifespan. Some are more than 2,000 years old. They grow 5 (slow) but steadily. Even in difficult conditions, they show great 6 (strong) to survive. Visiting redwood forests is popular. Every year, 7 (thousand) of tourists come to admire these giants. They learn about the trees’ history and 8 (important) to nature. We must protect redwood forests. They are not just beautiful but also 9 (value) for scientific research. By protecting them, we ensure future generations can 10 (experience) their wonder too. 1．A．tallest B．taller C．tall D．the tall 2．A．magic B．magics C．magical D．magically 3．A．sweet B．sweetly C．sweets D．sweetness 4．A．use B．uses C．useful D．useless 5．A．slow B．slowly C．slower D．slowest 6．A．strength B．strong C．stronger D．strongest 7．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 8．A．important B．importance C．importantly D．import 9．A．valuable B．more valuable C．most valuable D．the valuable 10．A．experience B．experiences C．experienced D．experiencing 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了红杉森林的相关情况，包括红杉树的特点、红杉林里的生物、红杉树的用途等。 【详解】1．句意：红杉树是地球上最高大的树木之一。 tallest最高的；taller更高的；tall高的；the tall这种高的。根据“some of the... trees on Earth”及“over 100 meters”可知，此处使用最高级，表示“最髙的树木”。故选A。 2．句意：走进红杉森林就像进入一个魔法的世界。 magic魔法，名词；magics用魔法变出/魔术，动词第三人称单数或名词复数；magical魔法的，形容词；magically魔法地，副词。此处修饰名词“world”，需用形容词。故选C。 3．句意：鸟儿在树上甜美地歌唱。 sweet甜的，形容词；sweetly甜美地，副词；sweets糖果，名词；sweetness甜味，名词。此处修饰动词“sing”，需用副词。故选B。 4．句意：人们用它来制作有用的东西，如盒子和手工艺品。 use使用，动词或名词；uses使用，动词第三人称单数或名词复数；useful有用的，形容词；useless无用的，形容词。此处修饰名词“things”，需用形容词，表示有用的。故选C。 5．句意：它们生长缓慢但稳定。 slow慢的，形容词；slowly缓慢地，副词；slower更慢的；slowest最慢的。此处修饰动词“grow”，需用副词。故选B。 6．句意：即使在困难条件下，它们也展现出强大的生存力量。 strength力量，名词；strong强壮的，形容词；stronger更强壮的；strongest最强壮的。“great”后接名词，表示“巨大的力量”。故选A。 7．句意：每年，成千上万的游客来欣赏这些巨人。 thousand千；thousands数千；thousand of错误搭配；thousands of成千上万的。固定短语“thousands of”表示“成千上万的”。故选B。 8．句意：他们了解这些树的历史和对自然的重要性。 important重要的，形容词；importance重要性，名词；importantly重要地，副词；import进口，动词。介词“about”后接名词，与“history”并列。故选B。 9．句意：它们不仅美丽，而且对科学研究很有价值。 valuable有价值的，形容词；more valuable更有价值的，比较级；most valuable最有价值的，最高级；the valuable有价值的事物。此处为“not just...but also...”结构，并列形容词作表语，用原级。故选A。 10．句意：通过保护它们，我们确保后代也能体验它们的奇观。 experience动词原形，意为“体验”，也可作不可数名词经验或可数名词单数经历；experiences动词第三人称单数，或可数名词复数“经历”；experienced动词过去式，或“有经验的”形容词；experiencing现在分词或动名词。此处位于情态动词can之后，需接动词原形作谓语。故选A。 二、阅读理解 （A） The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is the best. This tree is over 1,400 years old. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is the most popular time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of the most common trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of the most popular activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their hearts. 1．How old are ginkgo trees as a species? A．Over 1,400 years old. B．Over 200 million years old. C．Over 2,000 years old. D．Over 100 million years old. 2．What does the ginkgo tree symbolize in China? A．Beauty and wealth. B．Hope and long life. C．Strength and power. D．Happiness and joy. 3．Where is the most famous old ginkgo tree? A．In Beijing. B．In Shanghai. C．In Shaanxi Province. D．In Sichuan Province. 4．When is the most popular time to see the ginkgo tree? A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In mid-October. D．In winter. 5．What colour are ginkgo leaves in autumn? A．Green. B．Red. C．Yellow. D．Brown. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了银杏树。 【详解】1．根据文章第二句“Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago.”可知，银杏树作为物种的年限超过2亿年。 2．根据文章第三句“Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life.”可知，银杏在中国象征着希望和长寿。 3．根据文章第四句“Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is the best.”可知，最著名的古银杏树位于陕西省。 4．根据文章第六句“...especially in mid-October, as it is the most popular time to see it.”可知，观赏银杏树最受欢迎的时间是十月中旬。 5．根据文章最后一句“People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart.”。结合前文“When autumn comes”可知，秋天银杏叶的颜色是黄色的。 （B） The Amazing Cactus Cacti are special plants that mainly grow in deserts. Unlike most plants, they have thick stems instead of large leaves. These stems can store water, which is very important for living in dry places. Cacti come in many shapes and sizes. Some are as small as a tennis ball, while others can grow up to 20 meters tall. Their flowers are usually bright—pink, yellow, or red—and bloom for a short time each year. Why don’t cacti need much water? One reason is their spines. Spines are like sharp needles that grow on the stems. They stop animals from eating the cactus and also reduce water loss by shading the plant. People in desert areas use cacti in different ways. Some eat the fruit of certain cacti, which is sweet and juicy. Others use the stems to make medicine. But cacti are also in danger because of overcollecting and habitat loss. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 6．Where do most cacti grow? A．In forests. B．In deserts. C．In rivers. D．In mountains. 7．What helps cacti store water? A．Large leaves. B．Thin stems. C．Thick stems. D．Bright flowers. 8．What is the function of cactus spines? A．To help the plant grow taller. B．To store extra water. C．To stop animals from eating the cactus. D．To make the plant look beautiful. 9．The underlined word “habitat” means ________ in Chinese. A．寿命 B．栖息地 C．品种 D．价值 10．Why are cacti in danger? A．They get too much water. B．They bloom for a short time. C．Overcollecting and habitat loss. D．Their fruit is too sweet. 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了仙人掌的生长环境、形态特征、适应干旱的原因、人类对其的利用及面临的威胁。 【详解】6．细节理解题。根据文中“Cacti are special plants that mainly grow in deserts.”可知，仙人掌主要生长在沙漠里，故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据文中“they have thick stems instead of large leaves. These stems can store water”可知，粗厚的茎能储存水分，故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据文中“Spines...stop animals from eating the cactus”可知，尖刺能阻止动物啃食仙人掌，故选C。 9．词义猜测题。根据“habitat loss”与“overcollecting (过度采集)”可知，这里指威胁仙人掌生存的因素，所以推测habitat应意为 “栖息地”，故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据文中“cacti are also in danger because of overcollecting and habitat loss”可知，处于危险的原因是过度采集和栖息地丧失，故选C。 $