Unit 8 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c（分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 8课时3同步练，以“基础达标-能力提升-拓展培优-思维进阶”分层设计，通过词汇句型巩固到语篇应用，培养语言能力与思维品质，适配新授课知识内化与能力递进需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|核心词汇、短语及基础句型|通过默写、填空强化词汇拼写与句型结构，夯实语言基础| |能力提升|语法应用与情景对话|结合时态填空、补全对话，训练语法规则在语境中的运用| |拓展培优|语篇理解与信息整合|通过阅读理解、任务型阅读，提升文本分析与信息提取能力| |思维进阶|综合语用与逻辑表达|完形填空与写作任务，融合文化意识与思维品质，实现知识迁移|

Unit 8 Making a difference 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 1. army /ˈɑːmi/ n. 军队 2. primary /ˈpraɪməri/ adj. 小学教育的；首要的 3. help out /help aʊt/ 分担工作；帮忙做 4. charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 5. warmly /ˈwɔːmli/ adv. 热情地；温暖地 6. peacekeeping /ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ/ adj. 维持和平的 7. member /ˈmembə(r)/ n. 成员 8. primary school /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/ 小学 9. sports event /spɔːts ɪˈvent/ 体育赛事 10. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 11. charity match /ˈtʃærəti mætʃ/ 慈善比赛 短语 1. for five years 长达五年 2. since I joined 自从我加入以来 3. for two years now 至今已有两年 4. since he started working 自从他开始工作以来 5. since it began 自从它开始以来 6. help out at events 在活动中帮忙 7. make many new friends 结交许多新朋友 8. meet famous athletes 见到著名运动员 9. national football players 国家足球运动员 10. give directions 指路 11. thank someone warmly 热情地感谢某人 12. sign a football 在足球上签名 13. United Nations Peacekeeping 联合国维和部队 14. sign a football /saɪn ə ˈfʊtbɔːl/ 在足球上签名 句型 1. 询问时长 How long have you been a volunteer?你当志愿者多久了？ How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum?他在博物馆当志愿者多久了？ 2. 用 for + 时间段回答 I have been a volunteer here for a few months.我在这里当志愿者几个月了。 She has been a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping for five years.她在联合国维和部队当医生五年了。 I have been a member of the Red Cross for six years.我参加红十字会六年了。 Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer for two years now.吴老师作为一名志愿者在小学教书至今已有两年了。 I have worked with a sports organization for almost three years now.我和一个体育组织共事至今已近三年了。 3. 用 since + 时间点回答 She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.她从去年八月起就在养老院当志愿者了。 He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.他从暑假开始就在这里做志愿者了。 I‘ve made a lot of friends since I joined the organization.自从我加入这个组织以来，我交了很多朋友。 Since he started working there, he has helped many students.自从他开始在那里工作以来，他已经帮助了许多学生。 The organization has trained over 6,000 elderly people since it began to offer classes in 2023.自2023年开始开课以来，该组织已经培训了6000多名老年人。 Since I started, I have helped out at over ten different sports events.自从我开始以来，我已经在十多个不同的体育赛事中帮忙了。 4. 描述志愿经历 I have made many new friends and I have even met many famous athletes.我交了很多新朋友，甚至还见到了许多著名的运动员。 I met two national football players from Argentina last month.上个月我见到了两位来自阿根廷的国家足球运动员。 I gave them directions and they smiled and thanked me warmly.我给他们指了路，他们微笑着热情地感谢了我。 I asked them to sign a football for me, and they did!我请他们给我签了一个足球，他们照做了！ 一、单词默写。 1. ____________ [ˈɑːmi] n. 军队 2. ____________ [ˈpraɪməri] adj. 小学教育的 3. ____________ [help aʊt] 帮忙做 4. ____________ [ˈtʃærəti] n. 慈善机构 5. ____________ [ˈwɔːmli] adv. 热情地 6. ____________ [ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ] adj. 维持和平的 7. ____________ [ˈmembə(r)] n. 成员 8. ____________ [ˈæθliːt] n. 运动员 二、短语默写。 1. 长达五年 ____________________ 2. 自从我加入以来 ____________________ 3. 至今已有两年 ____________________ 4. 自从他开始工作以来 ____________________ 5. 自从它开始以来 ____________________ 6. 在活动中帮忙 ____________________ 7. 结交许多新朋友 ____________________ 8. 见到著名运动员 ____________________ 9. 国家足球运动员 ____________________ 10. 指路 ____________________ 11. 热情地感谢某人 ____________________ 12. 在足球上签名 ____________________ 13. 联合国维和部队 ____________________ 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 你当志愿者多久了？ How long ______ you ______ a volunteer? 2. 我在这里当志愿者几个月了。 I have been a volunteer here ______ a few months. 3. 她从去年八月起就在养老院当志愿者了。 She has been a volunteer at a nursing home ______ last August. 4. 她在联合国维和部队当医生五年了。 She ______ ______ a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping ______ five years. 5. 我参加红十字会六年了。 I ______ ______ a member of the Red Cross ______ six years. 6. 自从我加入这个组织以来，我交了很多朋友。 I’ve made a lot of friends ______ I ______ the organization. 7. 吴老师作为一名志愿者在小学教书至今已有两年了。 Mr Wu ______ ______ in a primary school as a volunteer ______ two years now. 8. 自从他开始在那里工作以来，他已经帮助了许多学生。 ______ he started working there, he ______ ______ many students. 9. 自2023年开始开课以来，该组织已经培训了6000多名老年人。 The organization ______ ______ over 6,000 elderly people ______ it began to offer classes in 2023. 10. 我和一个体育组织共事至今已近三年了。 I ______ ______ with a sports organization ______ almost three years now. 11. 自从我开始以来，我已经在十多个不同的体育赛事中帮忙了。 Since I started, I ______ ______ out at over ten different sports events. 12. 上个月我见到了两位来自阿根廷的国家足球运动员。 I ______ two national football players from Argentina ______ month. 13. 我给他们指了路，他们微笑着热情地感谢了我。 I ______ them directions and they ______ and thanked me ______. 14. 我请他们给我签了一个足球，他们照做了！ I ______ them to ______ a football for me, and they ______! 【答案】1. have; been； 2. for； 3. since； 4. has; been; for； 5. have; been; for； 6. since; joined； 7. has; taught; for； 8. Since; has; helped； 9. has; trained; since；10. have; worked; for； 11. have; helped 12. met; last； 13. gave; smiled; warmly；14. asked; sign; did 四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1. How l______ have you been a volunteer at the animal shelter? 2. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home s______ last August. 3. I have been a volunteer here for a f______ months. 4. He has v______ here since his summer holidays started. 5. Linda has been a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping for f______ years. 6. I’ve made a lot of friends s______ I joined the organization. 7. The organization has t______ over 6,000 elderly people since 2023. 8. I’ve worked with a sports organization for almost three y______ now. 五 、同义句转换。 1. She started volunteering at a nursing home last August and she still does. → She has been a volunteer at a nursing home ______ last August. 2. I joined the organization six years ago. → I have been a ______ of the organization ______ six years. 3. He started teaching as a volunteer two years ago. → He has ______ as a volunteer for two years. 4. The organization began to offer classes in 2023. It still trains elderly people now. → The organization has trained elderly people ______ it began to offer classes in 2023. 5. I started working with a sports organization almost three years ago. → I have worked with a sports organization ______ almost three years. 六 、补全对话。 (1)A: How l______ have you been a volunteer? B: I have been a volunteer here for a few months. (2)A: How long has she worked at the nursing home? B: She has volunteered there s______ last August. (3A: Has he ever done volunteer work? B: Yes, he has. He has been a volunteer at a museum s______ his holidays started. (4)A: How long have you been a member of the Red Cross? B: I have been a member ______ six years. (5)A: Have you helped out at many sports events? B: Yes. I have helped out at over ten different events s______ I started. 七 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. How long ______ you ______ (be) a volunteer? 2. She ______ (be) a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. 3. I ______ (be) a volunteer here for a few months. 4. He ______ (volunteer) here since his summer holidays started. 5. Linda ______ (be) a doctor in UN Peacekeeping for five years. 6. I ______ (make) a lot of friends since I joined the organization. 7. The organization ______ (train) over 6,000 elderly people since 2023. 8. I ______ (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. 八、选词填空。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。 volunteer, decide, more, carry on, prize, together, operate, medical, develop, event Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife, Bill and Kathy Magee. In 1982, 1 with some volunteers, they went to the Philippines to help children with cleft lip/palate (唇腭裂). Eating and drinking are very difficult for these children. The couple worked very hard, but they worried that they could not 2 with the work because they didn’t have enough money to treat 3 children. Then they 4 to start a charity so that they could help these children. They called it “Operation Smile”. Over the years, Operation Smile has won many 5 for its work and in 1999 they even started a special 6 called “The World Journey of Hope”. 5,300 children in 18 countries 7 on successfully during the event. Now the charity works in more than 30 countries and has 8 doctors from over 60 countries. It provides free operations and 9 care for many children each year. On the other hand, Operation Smile helps train local doctors and nurses in 10 countries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. 九、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Volunteering is fun and meaningful, and it’s more than just showing up and having a good time. Here’s some advice on how to make the most of your voluntary work. Be well-trained. Know what you’re doing as a volunteer. If you need some time to learn your job skills, take your time. 1 If you’re good at your work, it will be much easier to help others and you’ll have more fun. Be open-minded (思想开明的). One of the really great things about being a volunteer is the chance to learn and experience new things. 2 Don’t try to do everything by yourself. Work as part of a team to make sure everyone gets a chance to take part in and do the work or gets their fair share of work. 3 If you need some help, ask politely for it. Be understanding. 4 Try your best to understand what others are going through, even if it’s something you’ve never dealt with yourself. Be friendly. Treat others like friends, and they’ll do the same to you. Many people who volunteer meet new people with whom they want to make friends. You might just meet someone who becomes a friend for the rest of your life. A．You should make more friends. B．If someone asks for help, be willing to lend a hand. C．Try to see things through the eyes of others. D．Keep your mind open to new possibilities, and you’ll probably grow as a person. E．If you need training or need someone to show you what you should do, speak up. 十、阅读理解。 In recent years, more and more teenagers in China have taken part in charity activities. They no longer think that charity is only about donating money. Instead, they believe that small actions can also make a big difference. Take Xu Yifei, a 14-year-old student from Shanghai, for example. Every weekend, she volunteers at an animal shelter. She helps clean the cages and feed stray dogs and cats. “Seeing these animals find new homes makes me feel very proud,” she said. She believes that caring for living creatures is a form of charity. Meanwhile, in Beijing, a group of students from No. 8 Middle School started a project called “Helping Hands”. They collect used textbooks and stationery from their school and send them to rural schools in Sichuan Province. “Many kids there don't have enough money to buy new books. We want to share our resources with them,” said team leader Li Tao. Not all charity work is done outdoors. With the development of technology, online charity has also become popular among young people. Many students use their pocket money to buy meals for homeless people through apps. Through these platforms, they can track how their “love lunch” is delivered. Experts say that teenage participation in charity helps develop a sense of responsibility and empathy. It teaches students that “giving” brings more happiness than “taking”. 1．What do teenagers mainly think about charity now according to Paragraph 1? A．Only rich people can do charity. B．Charity is only about donating large sums of money. C．Small actions can also make a big difference. D．Charity is not important for students. 2．What does Xu Yifei do in her volunteer work? A．She teaches kids English. B．She helps clean cages and feed animals. C．She collects money on the street. D．She builds houses for stray animals. 3．What is the purpose of the “Helping Hands” project? A．To give old textbooks to rural schools. B．To raise money for building schools. C．To teach in rural areas during holidays. D．To invite rural students to Beijing. 4．How do students help homeless people through online charity? A．By teaching them how to cook. B．By buying them meals through apps. C．By offering them free accommodation. D．By giving them their pocket money directly. 5．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Technology makes charity easier. B．Students should focus on their studies. C．Homeless people need more help from society. D．Teenage participation in charity is beneficial. 十一、任务型阅读。 Last year, I left my job and went to work without pay in the rainforest. So many people have said to me, “I would love to do something like that.” And I say, “If you want to, just do it.” They always reply, “I cannot.” But, if you really want to do it, there are ways to make it happen. After three days’ training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people. The living place was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This included a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects out. It was never dangerous there, but it was very challenging. There were things that we didn’t think we would manage to do, but we did. I had some of my worst moments there, but also some of my best—it made me feel alive. I didn’t miss my home as much as I thought. We had food, water, somewhere to stay, about three sets of clothes and really good friends. We were in the most beautiful place and we had things to keep us busy. We didn’t need any more. One of the volunteers said, “Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were. I was always thinking about shoes, but really none of that matters. Here, people accept me for who I am, what I believe and think, not for what kind of clothes I’ve got.” What she said truly came from the bottom of my heart. 1．Where did the author work last year? _________________________________________________________________________. 2．What did the author do before she started on an environmental project? _________________________________________________________________________. 3．What was the author’s living place like? _________________________________________________________________________. 4．What did the volunteer think was important before she came to the forest? _________________________________________________________________________. 5．What do you think of the volunteers’ work? Why? _________________________________________________________________________. 十二、完形填空。 Li Ming is a college student. Last summer, he took part in a special program called the “Western Plan”. This program encourages young people to 1 their help to those in need in western China. At first, Li Ming wasn’t sure whether he could 2 it, but he wanted to try something meaningful. When he arrived at the small village, he found the conditions were much 3 than he had imagined. The roads were rough, and some classrooms were just simple houses. However, the children’s desire to learn 4 him deeply. Their bright eyes were full of hope, which gave him the 5 to stay. During his stay, Li Ming taught the children English and science. He tried to make his classes lively and 6 so that the students wouldn’t feel bored. After class, he often played games with them or told them interesting stories about the 7 world. Gradually, the children began to look forward to his lessons every day. One day, a heavy rainstorm hit the village. A little girl couldn’t come to school because the small bridge near her house was 8 . Li Ming was worried about her, so he decided to 9 to her home to check on her safety. With the help of some villagers, he finally reached her house safely. The girl’s parents were very 10 and thanked him again and again. Li Ming’s story is just one example of how young volunteers are making a 11 . By giving a helping hand, they not only bring knowledge to children but also 12 their own lives. Many volunteers say that the experience helps them 13 a lot. They learn to be more responsible and understand the 14 of helping others. Now, more and more students are following their lead. They believe that even a small act of kindness can make a big 15 to someone’s life. 1．A．give B．offer C．send D．take 2．A．manage B．stand C．make D．find 3．A．good B．better C．bad D．worse 4．A．shocked B．touched C．interested D．surprised 5．A．courage B．money C．time D．reason 6．A．boring B．difficult C．interesting D．serious 7．A．inside B．outside C．front D．back 8．A．broken B．built C．painted D．cleaned 9．A．run B．walk C．drive D．fly 10．A．angry B．sad C．thankful D．careful 11．A．living B．mistake C．noise D．difference 12．A．save B．change C．end D．forget 13．A．lose B．miss C．grow D．leave 14．A．price B．cost C．value D．number 15．A．problem B．decision C．plan D．difference A Volunteer for Ten Years Part 1: Read and Explore Mr. Chen is a 45-year-old taxi driver from Hangzhou. But he is not just a driver. He has also been a volunteer for ten years. “I started volunteering in 2015,” he says. “Since then, I have helped different people in different ways.” Every weekend, Mr. Chen drives to a special school for disabled children. He has taught them how to read and write since 2018. “Some children cannot walk or talk, but they have big dreams. I have seen many of them grow up and become more confident,” he says. Mr. Chen also helps the elderly in his neighbourhood. He has visited Mrs. Wang, an 82-year-old widow, for five years. Every Tuesday evening, he takes her to the hospital for a check-up. “I have known Mr. Chen since my husband passed away. He is like a son to me,” Mrs. Wang says with tears in her eyes. In 2020, when COVID-19 hit, Mr. Chen started a new service. He has delivered free meals to medical workers at the city hospital since February 2020. “I have made over 2,000 deliveries so far. It’s tiring, but when I see their tired faces smile, I know it’s worth it,” he explains. Why does he keep doing this? “I have learned that happiness doesn’t come from money. It comes from helping others. And I have promised myself to continue as long as I can.” Task 1: Fill in the Blanks (根据文章内容填空) Complete the sentences with the correct information from the passage. 1. Mr. Chen has been a volunteer for ____________ years. 2. He started volunteering in ____________. 3. He has taught disabled children how to ____________ and ____________ since 2018. 4. He has visited Mrs. Wang for ____________ years. 5. He has delivered free meals to ____________ workers since February 2020. Task 2: Complete the Timeline (完成时间线) Read the passage and write what Mr. Chen started doing in each year. Use the present perfect tense. （阅读文章，写出陈先生每一年开始做的事情。使用现在完成时。） Year What has Mr. Chen done since that year? 2015 He has ________________________. 2018 He has ________________________. 2020 He has ________________________. Task 3: Real-Life Connection Complete the sentences with your own experience or plan. Use “for” or “since” correctly. （用你自己的经历或计划完成句子。正确使用 “for” 或 “since”。） 1. I have learned English ____________ ____________ (for/since + 时间). 2. I have known my best friend ____________ ____________ (for/since + 时间). 3. I have lived in my hometown ____________ ____________ (for/since + 时间). 4. One thing I would like to volunteer for is ____________. I would do it for ____________ (时间段). 5. Write one more sentence about something you have done continuously: ____________________________________________________ 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Making a difference 课时3 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 词汇 1. army /ˈɑːmi/ n. 军队 2. primary /ˈpraɪməri/ adj. 小学教育的；首要的 3. help out /help aʊt/ 分担工作；帮忙做 4. charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 5. warmly /ˈwɔːmli/ adv. 热情地；温暖地 6. peacekeeping /ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ/ adj. 维持和平的 7. member /ˈmembə(r)/ n. 成员 8. primary school /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/ 小学 9. sports event /spɔːts ɪˈvent/ 体育赛事 10. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 11. charity match /ˈtʃærəti mætʃ/ 慈善比赛 短语 1. for five years 长达五年 2. since I joined 自从我加入以来 3. for two years now 至今已有两年 4. since he started working 自从他开始工作以来 5. since it began 自从它开始以来 6. help out at events 在活动中帮忙 7. make many new friends 结交许多新朋友 8. meet famous athletes 见到著名运动员 9. national football players 国家足球运动员 10. give directions 指路 11. thank someone warmly 热情地感谢某人 12. sign a football 在足球上签名 13. United Nations Peacekeeping 联合国维和部队 14. sign a football /saɪn ə ˈfʊtbɔːl/ 在足球上签名 句型 1. 询问时长 How long have you been a volunteer?你当志愿者多久了？ How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum?他在博物馆当志愿者多久了？ 2. 用 for + 时间段回答 I have been a volunteer here for a few months.我在这里当志愿者几个月了。 She has been a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping for five years.她在联合国维和部队当医生五年了。 I have been a member of the Red Cross for six years.我参加红十字会六年了。 Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer for two years now.吴老师作为一名志愿者在小学教书至今已有两年了。 I have worked with a sports organization for almost three years now.我和一个体育组织共事至今已近三年了。 3. 用 since + 时间点回答 She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.她从去年八月起就在养老院当志愿者了。 He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.他从暑假开始就在这里做志愿者了。 I‘ve made a lot of friends since I joined the organization.自从我加入这个组织以来，我交了很多朋友。 Since he started working there, he has helped many students.自从他开始在那里工作以来，他已经帮助了许多学生。 The organization has trained over 6,000 elderly people since it began to offer classes in 2023.自2023年开始开课以来，该组织已经培训了6000多名老年人。 Since I started, I have helped out at over ten different sports events.自从我开始以来，我已经在十多个不同的体育赛事中帮忙了。 4. 描述志愿经历 I have made many new friends and I have even met many famous athletes.我交了很多新朋友，甚至还见到了许多著名的运动员。 I met two national football players from Argentina last month.上个月我见到了两位来自阿根廷的国家足球运动员。 I gave them directions and they smiled and thanked me warmly.我给他们指了路，他们微笑着热情地感谢了我。 I asked them to sign a football for me, and they did!我请他们给我签了一个足球，他们照做了！ 一、单词默写。 1. ____________ [ˈɑːmi] n. 军队 2. ____________ [ˈpraɪməri] adj. 小学教育的 3. ____________ [help aʊt] 帮忙做 4. ____________ [ˈtʃærəti] n. 慈善机构 5. ____________ [ˈwɔːmli] adv. 热情地 6. ____________ [ˈpiːskiːpɪŋ] adj. 维持和平的 7. ____________ [ˈmembə(r)] n. 成员 8. ____________ [ˈæθliːt] n. 运动员 【答案】army; primary; help out; charity; warmly; peacekeeping; member; athlete 二、短语默写。 1. 长达五年 ____________________ 2. 自从我加入以来 ____________________ 3. 至今已有两年 ____________________ 4. 自从他开始工作以来 ____________________ 5. 自从它开始以来 ____________________ 6. 在活动中帮忙 ____________________ 7. 结交许多新朋友 ____________________ 8. 见到著名运动员 ____________________ 9. 国家足球运动员 ____________________ 10. 指路 ____________________ 11. 热情地感谢某人 ____________________ 12. 在足球上签名 ____________________ 13. 联合国维和部队 ____________________ 【答案】1. for five years； 2. since I joined； 3. for two years now； 4. since he started working 5. since it began； 6. help out at events； 7. make many new friends； 8. meet famous athletes； 9. national football players； 10. give directions； 11. thank someone warmly； 12. sign a football；13. United Nations Peacekeeping 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 你当志愿者多久了？ How long ______ you ______ a volunteer? 2. 我在这里当志愿者几个月了。 I have been a volunteer here ______ a few months. 3. 她从去年八月起就在养老院当志愿者了。 She has been a volunteer at a nursing home ______ last August. 4. 她在联合国维和部队当医生五年了。 She ______ ______ a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping ______ five years. 5. 我参加红十字会六年了。 I ______ ______ a member of the Red Cross ______ six years. 6. 自从我加入这个组织以来，我交了很多朋友。 I’ve made a lot of friends ______ I ______ the organization. 7. 吴老师作为一名志愿者在小学教书至今已有两年了。 Mr Wu ______ ______ in a primary school as a volunteer ______ two years now. 8. 自从他开始在那里工作以来，他已经帮助了许多学生。 ______ he started working there, he ______ ______ many students. 9. 自2023年开始开课以来，该组织已经培训了6000多名老年人。 The organization ______ ______ over 6,000 elderly people ______ it began to offer classes in 2023. 10. 我和一个体育组织共事至今已近三年了。 I ______ ______ with a sports organization ______ almost three years now. 11. 自从我开始以来，我已经在十多个不同的体育赛事中帮忙了。 Since I started, I ______ ______ out at over ten different sports events. 12. 上个月我见到了两位来自阿根廷的国家足球运动员。 I ______ two national football players from Argentina ______ month. 13. 我给他们指了路，他们微笑着热情地感谢了我。 I ______ them directions and they ______ and thanked me ______. 14. 我请他们给我签了一个足球，他们照做了！ I ______ them to ______ a football for me, and they ______! 【答案】1. have; been； 2. for； 3. since； 4. has; been; for； 5. have; been; for； 6. since; joined； 7. has; taught; for； 8. Since; has; helped； 9. has; trained; since；10. have; worked; for； 11. have; helped 12. met; last； 13. gave; smiled; warmly；14. asked; sign; did 四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1. How l______ have you been a volunteer at the animal shelter? 2. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home s______ last August. 3. I have been a volunteer here for a f______ months. 4. He has v______ here since his summer holidays started. 5. Linda has been a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping for f______ years. 6. I’ve made a lot of friends s______ I joined the organization. 7. The organization has t______ over 6,000 elderly people since 2023. 8. I’ve worked with a sports organization for almost three y______ now. 【答案】1. long; 2. since; 3. few; 4. volunteered; 5. five; 6. since; 7. trained; 8. years 五 、同义句转换。 1. She started volunteering at a nursing home last August and she still does. → She has been a volunteer at a nursing home ______ last August. 2. I joined the organization six years ago. → I have been a ______ of the organization ______ six years. 3. He started teaching as a volunteer two years ago. → He has ______ as a volunteer for two years. 4. The organization began to offer classes in 2023. It still trains elderly people now. → The organization has trained elderly people ______ it began to offer classes in 2023. 5. I started working with a sports organization almost three years ago. → I have worked with a sports organization ______ almost three years. 【答案】1. since；2. member; for； 3. taught； 4. since；5. for 六 、补全对话。 (1)A: How l______ have you been a volunteer? B: I have been a volunteer here for a few months. (2)A: How long has she worked at the nursing home? B: She has volunteered there s______ last August. (3A: Has he ever done volunteer work? B: Yes, he has. He has been a volunteer at a museum s______ his holidays started. (4)A: How long have you been a member of the Red Cross? B: I have been a member ______ six years. (5)A: Have you helped out at many sports events? B: Yes. I have helped out at over ten different events s______ I started. 【答案】1. long； 2. since； 3. since； 4. for； 5. since 七 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. How long ______ you ______ (be) a volunteer? 2. She ______ (be) a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. 3. I ______ (be) a volunteer here for a few months. 4. He ______ (volunteer) here since his summer holidays started. 5. Linda ______ (be) a doctor in UN Peacekeeping for five years. 6. I ______ (make) a lot of friends since I joined the organization. 7. The organization ______ (train) over 6,000 elderly people since 2023. 8. I ______ (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. 【答案】1. have; been； 2. has been； 3. have been； 4. has volunteered； 5. has been； 6. have made 7. has trained；8. have worked 八、选词填空。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。 volunteer, decide, more, carry on, prize, together, operate, medical, develop, event Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife, Bill and Kathy Magee. In 1982, 1 with some volunteers, they went to the Philippines to help children with cleft lip/palate (唇腭裂). Eating and drinking are very difficult for these children. The couple worked very hard, but they worried that they could not 2 with the work because they didn’t have enough money to treat 3 children. Then they 4 to start a charity so that they could help these children. They called it “Operation Smile”. Over the years, Operation Smile has won many 5 for its work and in 1999 they even started a special 6 called “The World Journey of Hope”. 5,300 children in 18 countries 7 on successfully during the event. Now the charity works in more than 30 countries and has 8 doctors from over 60 countries. It provides free operations and 9 care for many children each year. On the other hand, Operation Smile helps train local doctors and nurses in 10 countries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. 【答案】 1．together 2．carry on 3．more 4．decided 5．prizes 6．event 7．were operated 8．volunteer 9．medical 10．developing 【导语】本文介绍了“微笑行动”公益项目的起源、发展历程与社会贡献，讲述了该组织如何通过免费医疗救助和培训当地医护人员，帮助唇腭裂儿童重获健康与笑容。 【详解】1．句意：1982年，他们和一些志愿者一起前往菲律宾，帮助患有唇腭裂的儿童。结合语境，“Bill and Kathy Magee”与志愿者一同前往菲律宾开展救助工作，此处需要一个副词，在句中作状语，表示“一起、共同”。 2．句意：这对夫妇工作非常努力，但他们担心无法继续这项工作。结合后文“没有足够的钱”的困境，此处需要一个动词短语原形，与情态动词“could not”共同构成谓语，表示“继续开展”，固定搭配“carry on with the work”意为“继续这项工作”。 3．句意：因为他们没有足够的钱治疗更多的孩子。结合前文资金不足的语境，可知他们无法治疗更多孩子，此处需要一个形容词，在句中修饰名词“children”，表示“更多的”。 4．句意：然后他们决定成立一个慈善机构，以便帮助这些孩子。结合上下文，面对困境，这对夫妇做出了成立慈善机构的决定，此处需要一个动词过去式，在句中作谓语，表示“决定”。 5．句意：多年来，“微笑行动”因其工作赢得了许多奖项。结合语境，该组织因公益工作获得了诸多荣誉，此处需要一个名词复数，在句中作宾语，表示“奖项、荣誉”。 6．句意：1999年，他们甚至发起了一个名为“希望世界之旅”的特别活动。结合后文的名称和“during the event”的提示，可知这是一个专门的公益活动，此处需要一个名词单数，在句中作宾语，表示“活动、项目”。 7．句意：在该活动期间，18个国家的5300名儿童成功接受了手术。主语“children”与“手术”之间是被动关系，结合语境，儿童们成功接受了手术治疗，此处需要一个动词的被动形式，在句中作谓语，表示“接受手术”。 8．句意：如今，该慈善机构在30多个国家开展工作，拥有来自60多个国家的志愿医生。结合语境，该项目的医生多为来自各国的志愿者，此处需要一个形容词作定语，在句中修饰名词“doctors”，表示“志愿的、义务的”。 9．句意：它每年为许多儿童提供免费手术和医疗护理。结合语境，项目为儿童提供手术和配套的医疗护理，此处需要一个形容词，在句中修饰名词“care”，表示“医疗的”。 10．句意：另一方面，“微笑行动”帮助培训发展中国家的当地医生和护士。结合语境，项目主要在发展中国家开展医护培训工作，此处需要一个形容词/动词的现在分词形式，在句中修饰名词“countries”，表示“发展中的”。 九、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Volunteering is fun and meaningful, and it’s more than just showing up and having a good time. Here’s some advice on how to make the most of your voluntary work. Be well-trained. Know what you’re doing as a volunteer. If you need some time to learn your job skills, take your time. 1 If you’re good at your work, it will be much easier to help others and you’ll have more fun. Be open-minded (思想开明的). One of the really great things about being a volunteer is the chance to learn and experience new things. 2 Don’t try to do everything by yourself. Work as part of a team to make sure everyone gets a chance to take part in and do the work or gets their fair share of work. 3 If you need some help, ask politely for it. Be understanding. 4 Try your best to understand what others are going through, even if it’s something you’ve never dealt with yourself. Be friendly. Treat others like friends, and they’ll do the same to you. Many people who volunteer meet new people with whom they want to make friends. You might just meet someone who becomes a friend for the rest of your life. A．You should make more friends. B．If someone asks for help, be willing to lend a hand. C．Try to see things through the eyes of others. D．Keep your mind open to new possibilities, and you’ll probably grow as a person. E．If you need training or need someone to show you what you should do, speak up. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了志愿服务不仅是付出，更是一段成长与连接的旅程——真正有意义的志愿工作，始于充分准备、开放心态、团队协作、理解他人与真诚待人。 1．根据“If you need some time to learn your job skills, take your time.”可知，此处应描述成为一个训练有素的做法，E选项“如果你需要培训，或需要有人指导你该做什么，就主动说出来。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Be open-minded (思想开明的).”可知，此处应描述思想开明产生的好处，D选项“保持开放的心态去接纳新的可能性，你很可能会因此成长为更好的自己。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“If you need some help, ask politely for it.”可知，此处应描述如果有人求助，与后面形成对应，B选项“如果有人请求帮助，要乐于伸出援手。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Be understanding.”可知，此处应描述成为一个善解人意的人应如何做的措施，C选项“试着站在他人的角度看问题。”符合语境。故选C。 十、阅读理解。 In recent years, more and more teenagers in China have taken part in charity activities. They no longer think that charity is only about donating money. Instead, they believe that small actions can also make a big difference. Take Xu Yifei, a 14-year-old student from Shanghai, for example. Every weekend, she volunteers at an animal shelter. She helps clean the cages and feed stray dogs and cats. “Seeing these animals find new homes makes me feel very proud,” she said. She believes that caring for living creatures is a form of charity. Meanwhile, in Beijing, a group of students from No. 8 Middle School started a project called “Helping Hands”. They collect used textbooks and stationery from their school and send them to rural schools in Sichuan Province. “Many kids there don't have enough money to buy new books. We want to share our resources with them,” said team leader Li Tao. Not all charity work is done outdoors. With the development of technology, online charity has also become popular among young people. Many students use their pocket money to buy meals for homeless people through apps. Through these platforms, they can track how their “love lunch” is delivered. Experts say that teenage participation in charity helps develop a sense of responsibility and empathy. It teaches students that “giving” brings more happiness than “taking”. 1．What do teenagers mainly think about charity now according to Paragraph 1? A．Only rich people can do charity. B．Charity is only about donating large sums of money. C．Small actions can also make a big difference. D．Charity is not important for students. 2．What does Xu Yifei do in her volunteer work? A．She teaches kids English. B．She helps clean cages and feed animals. C．She collects money on the street. D．She builds houses for stray animals. 3．What is the purpose of the “Helping Hands” project? A．To give old textbooks to rural schools. B．To raise money for building schools. C．To teach in rural areas during holidays. D．To invite rural students to Beijing. 4．How do students help homeless people through online charity? A．By teaching them how to cook. B．By buying them meals through apps. C．By offering them free accommodation. D．By giving them their pocket money directly. 5．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Technology makes charity easier. B．Students should focus on their studies. C．Homeless people need more help from society. D．Teenage participation in charity is beneficial. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了近年来中国青少年参与慈善活动的新趋势。他们不再认为慈善只是捐钱，而是通过照顾动物、捐赠旧书、线上购餐等微小行动来践行慈善。文章最后指出，参与慈善有助于培养青少年的责任感和同理心。 【详解】1．根据第一段“They no longer think that charity is only about donating money. Instead, they believe that small actions can also make a big difference.”可知，现在的青少年认为小小的行动也能带来大的改变。 2．根据第二段“Every weekend, she volunteers at an animal shelter. She helps clean the cages and feed stray dogs and cats.”可知，徐一菲在志愿工作中帮忙清理笼子和喂养动物 3．根据第三段“They collect used textbooks and stationery from their school and send them to rural schools in Sichuan Province.”可知，“Helping Hands”项目的目的是给农村学校捐赠旧课本和文具。 4．根据第四段“Many students use their pocket money to buy meals for homeless people through apps.”可知，学生们通过手机应用为无家可归者购买餐食来提供帮助。 5．根据最后一段“Experts say that teenage participation in charity helps develop a sense of responsibility and empathy.”可知，本段主要阐述了青少年参与慈善活动是有益的，有助于培养他们的责任感和同理心。 十一、任务型阅读。 Last year, I left my job and went to work without pay in the rainforest. So many people have said to me, “I would love to do something like that.” And I say, “If you want to, just do it.” They always reply, “I cannot.” But, if you really want to do it, there are ways to make it happen. After three days’ training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people. The living place was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This included a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects out. It was never dangerous there, but it was very challenging. There were things that we didn’t think we would manage to do, but we did. I had some of my worst moments there, but also some of my best—it made me feel alive. I didn’t miss my home as much as I thought. We had food, water, somewhere to stay, about three sets of clothes and really good friends. We were in the most beautiful place and we had things to keep us busy. We didn’t need any more. One of the volunteers said, “Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were. I was always thinking about shoes, but really none of that matters. Here, people accept me for who I am, what I believe and think, not for what kind of clothes I’ve got.” What she said truly came from the bottom of my heart. 1．Where did the author work last year? _________________________________________________________________________. 2．What did the author do before she started on an environmental project? _________________________________________________________________________. 3．What was the author’s living place like? _________________________________________________________________________. 4．What did the volunteer think was important before she came to the forest? _________________________________________________________________________. 5．What do you think of the volunteers’ work? Why? _________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】1．In the rainforest. 2．The writer had three days’ training. 3．It was very basic, with a simple bed, a cloth roof, and a net to keep insects out. 4．What clothes she wore and who her friends were. 5．I think the volunteers’ work is very meaningful because they can help protect the Earth. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去年辞去工作去雨林做志愿者的经历，描述了那里的生活条件、挑战以及内心的感悟。 【详解】1．文章第一段中提到“Last year, I left my job and went to work without pay in the rainforest.”，说明作者去年在雨林工作。 2．文章第二段提到“After three days’ training, I started work on an environmental project with a group of young people.”，说明作者在开始项目前进行了三天培训。 3．文章第二段中提到“The living place was very basic and we had to build our own place to sleep. This included a simple bed, a cloth roof and a net to keep insects out.”，说明作者的工作居住地很简陋，有一张床铺、一个布质屋顶和防虫网。 4．文章第四段中提到“Before we came here, it was really important to me what clothes I wore and who my friends were.”，说明志愿者之前认为穿着和朋友很重要。 5．开放性题目，根据文章内容回答合理即可。通读全文可知，这是一项环境项目，且志愿者们在艰苦的环境中收获了成长，明白了内心的认可比外在物质更重要。因此这份工作既保护了环境又促进了个人成长，是有意义的。 十二、完形填空。 Li Ming is a college student. Last summer, he took part in a special program called the “Western Plan”. This program encourages young people to 1 their help to those in need in western China. At first, Li Ming wasn’t sure whether he could 2 it, but he wanted to try something meaningful. When he arrived at the small village, he found the conditions were much 3 than he had imagined. The roads were rough, and some classrooms were just simple houses. However, the children’s desire to learn 4 him deeply. Their bright eyes were full of hope, which gave him the 5 to stay. During his stay, Li Ming taught the children English and science. He tried to make his classes lively and 6 so that the students wouldn’t feel bored. After class, he often played games with them or told them interesting stories about the 7 world. Gradually, the children began to look forward to his lessons every day. One day, a heavy rainstorm hit the village. A little girl couldn’t come to school because the small bridge near her house was 8 . Li Ming was worried about her, so he decided to 9 to her home to check on her safety. With the help of some villagers, he finally reached her house safely. The girl’s parents were very 10 and thanked him again and again. Li Ming’s story is just one example of how young volunteers are making a 11 . By giving a helping hand, they not only bring knowledge to children but also 12 their own lives. Many volunteers say that the experience helps them 13 a lot. They learn to be more responsible and understand the 14 of helping others. Now, more and more students are following their lead. They believe that even a small act of kindness can make a big 15 to someone’s life. 1．A．give B．offer C．send D．take 2．A．manage B．stand C．make D．find 3．A．good B．better C．bad D．worse 4．A．shocked B．touched C．interested D．surprised 5．A．courage B．money C．time D．reason 6．A．boring B．difficult C．interesting D．serious 7．A．inside B．outside C．front D．back 8．A．broken B．built C．painted D．cleaned 9．A．run B．walk C．drive D．fly 10．A．angry B．sad C．thankful D．careful 11．A．living B．mistake C．noise D．difference 12．A．save B．change C．end D．forget 13．A．lose B．miss C．grow D．leave 14．A．price B．cost C．value D．number 15．A．problem B．decision C．plan D．difference 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文讲述大学生李明参加“西部计划”志愿者项目，在西部村庄支教，克服困难帮助孩子，并从中获得成长的故事。 【详解】1．句意：这个项目鼓励年轻人向西部需要帮助的人提供帮助。 根据“encourages young people to... their help”及志愿者语境，固定搭配“offer help”意为“提供帮助”，符合主动志愿的含义。 give“给”，send“发送”，take“带走”，均不如offer贴切。 2．句意：起初，李明不确定自己能否应付得来，但他想尝试一些有意义的事情。 根据“wasn’t sure whether he could... it”，此处指能否应付或胜任工作，“manage it”符合语境。stand“忍受”，make“制作”，find“找到”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：当他到达那个小村庄时，发现条件比他想象的要差得多。 根据“than”可知需用比较级；由后文“roads were rough”可知条件比想象的“差得多”，故用比较级worse。 good“好”，better“更好”，bad“糟”（原级），均不符合语境。 4．句意：然而，孩子们学习的渴望深深地触动了他。 根据“desire to learn... him deeply”，指情感上被打动，“touched”常指内心被感动 ，符合语境。shocked “使震惊”，interested“使感兴趣”，surprised“使惊讶”，均不符合语境。 5．句意：他们的眼睛充满了希望，这给了他留下的勇气。 根据上文条件艰苦但仍选择留下，需要“勇气”，应用courage。money“钱”，time“时间”，reason“理由”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：他努力使自己的课堂生动有趣，这样学生们就不会感到无聊。 根据“so that the students wouldn’t feel bored”，可知课堂应该是“有趣的”，应选用interesting。boring“无聊的”，difficult“困难的”，serious“严肃的”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：课后，他经常和他们一起玩游戏，或者给他们讲外面世界的有趣故事。 根据语境，乡村孩子对外面的世界好奇，应用outside表示“外面的”。inside“里面的”，front“前面的”，back“后面的”，均不符合语境。 8．句意：一个小女孩无法来上学，因为她家附近的小桥被冲毁了。 根据上文“a heavy rainstorm”，可知桥被暴雨“冲毁”，应用broken表示“损坏的”。built“建造”，painted“粉刷”，cleaned“清洁”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：李明很担心她，于是他决定步行去她家查看她的安全。 根据上文桥被冲毁，以及乡村路况差，可知他只能“步行”去，应用walk。run“跑”，drive“开车”，fly“飞”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：女孩的父母非常感激，一遍又一遍地感谢他。 根据上下文，李明冒雨去查看女孩安全，父母表示“感激”，应用thankful。angry“生气的”，sad“难过的”，careful“小心的”，均不符合语境。 11．句意：李明的故事只是年轻志愿者正在带来改变的众多例子之一。 根据语境，李明的故事正在带来改变，固定搭配“make a difference”，意为“带来改变，产生影响”，应选用difference。living“生计”，mistake“错误”，noise“噪音”，均不符合语境。 12．句意：通过伸出援助之手，他们不仅给孩子们带来了知识，也改变了他们自己的生活。 根据下文“the experience helps them…a lot”，可知志愿者自身的生活也“改变”了，应用change。save“拯救”，end“结束”，forget“忘记”，均不符合语境。 13．句意：许多志愿者说这段经历帮助他们成长了很多。 根据“learn to be more responsible”，学习责任意味着“成长”， grow表示“成长”，符合语境。lose“失去”，miss“想念”，leave“离开”，均不符合语境。 14．句意：他们学会了更有责任感，并理解了帮助他人的价值。 根据上文，志愿者们通过支教经历获得了成长，懂得了责任和帮助他人的价值，value表示“价值”，符合语境。price“价格”，cost“成本”，number“数量”，均不符合语境。 15．句意：他们相信，即使是一个小小的善举也能对某人的生活产生重大影响。 根据全文主题，志愿者们通过支教等善举改变了孩子们的生活，也改变了自己，“make a big difference to sb.”是固定搭配，意为“对某人产生重大影响”，强调善举带来的积极改变。problem“问题”，decision“决定”，plan“计划”，均不能表达“产生影响”这一核心含义。 A Volunteer for Ten Years Part 1: Read and Explore Mr. Chen is a 45-year-old taxi driver from Hangzhou. But he is not just a driver. He has also been a volunteer for ten years. “I started volunteering in 2015,” he says. “Since then, I have helped different people in different ways.” Every weekend, Mr. Chen drives to a special school for disabled children. He has taught them how to read and write since 2018. “Some children cannot walk or talk, but they have big dreams. I have seen many of them grow up and become more confident,” he says. Mr. Chen also helps the elderly in his neighbourhood. He has visited Mrs. Wang, an 82-year-old widow, for five years. Every Tuesday evening, he takes her to the hospital for a check-up. “I have known Mr. Chen since my husband passed away. He is like a son to me,” Mrs. Wang says with tears in her eyes. In 2020, when COVID-19 hit, Mr. Chen started a new service. He has delivered free meals to medical workers at the city hospital since February 2020. “I have made over 2,000 deliveries so far. It’s tiring, but when I see their tired faces smile, I know it’s worth it,” he explains. Why does he keep doing this? “I have learned that happiness doesn’t come from money. It comes from helping others. And I have promised myself to continue as long as I can.” Task 1: Fill in the Blanks (根据文章内容填空) Complete the sentences with the correct information from the passage. 1. Mr. Chen has been a volunteer for ____________ years. 2. He started volunteering in ____________. 3. He has taught disabled children how to ____________ and ____________ since 2018. 4. He has visited Mrs. Wang for ____________ years. 5. He has delivered free meals to ____________ workers since February 2020. Task 2: Complete the Timeline (完成时间线) Read the passage and write what Mr. Chen started doing in each year. Use the present perfect tense. （阅读文章，写出陈先生每一年开始做的事情。使用现在完成时。） Year What has Mr. Chen done since that year? 2015 He has ________________________. 2018 He has ________________________. 2020 He has ________________________. Task 3: Real-Life Connection Complete the sentences with your own experience or plan. Use “for” or “since” correctly. （用你自己的经历或计划完成句子。正确使用 “for” 或 “since”。） 1. I have learned English ____________ ____________ (for/since + 时间). 2. I have known my best friend ____________ ____________ (for/since + 时间). 3. I have lived in my hometown ____________ ____________ (for/since + 时间). 4. One thing I would like to volunteer for is ____________. I would do it for ____________ (时间段). 5. Write one more sentence about something you have done continuously: ____________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 Task 1:1. ten;2. 2015;3. read; write;4. five;5. medical Task 2 :2015: He has been a volunteer. · 2018: He has taught disabled children to read and write. · 2020: He has delivered free meals to medical workers. Task 3: 【Sample Answers】 1. I have learned English for six years. 2. I have known my best friend since I was five years old. 3. I have lived in my hometown since I was born. 4. One thing I would like to volunteer for is helping the elderly in a nursing home. I would do it for at least one year. 5. I have practiced playing the piano since 2020. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $