Unit 2 课时2 Function &Pronunciation（分层作业）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习以“分层进阶+素养融合”为特色，通过A/B/C组及拓展层的梯度设计，实现从词汇句型巩固到综合语用及思维拔高的知识路径，适配初中英语新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇、基础句型|单词/词组默写、简单句型转换，夯实语言能力基础| |B组|词汇运用、语篇理解|短语填空、完形填空（环保主题），衔接基础与综合应用| |C组|综合语用、思维训练|短文填空（语法填空）、补全对话，培养分析与表达能力| |拓展|中考衔接|任务型阅读（信息提取），对接中考题型提升应试能力|

Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 课时2 Function &Pronunciation分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. sort v.整理；把……分类n.种类；类别 2. journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 3. interview v.，n.面试，采访 4. environmental adj.自然环境的 5. organization n.组织；团体；机构 6. instruction n.用法说明;操作指南 7. pardon excl.什么，请再说一遍 v.，n.宽恕 8. recycle v.回收利用，再利用 9. trash n.垃圾；废弃物 10. toilet n.厕所；卫生间；盥洗室 11. donate v.捐赠，赠送 12. charity n.慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 1 3 .green traveling 绿色出行 14 .waste sorting 垃圾分类 15 . energy saving节约能源 16 . environmental organization环保组织 17 . make use of 利用 18 . in another way用另一种方式 19 .donate sth to…把某物捐赠给… 20 .turn.into…把…变成… 21 .waste paper废纸 22 . t u rn off关掉 23 .pick up捡起 24 . throw out扔掉 句型 1.I helped spread the message about environmental protection.我帮忙宣传有关环境保护的理念。 2.The message is mainly about the three Rs.这个理念主要围绕三个 R 原则。 3.The three Rs—reduce, reuse and recycle.三个 R 原则：减量化、再利用、再循环。 4.To reduce means trying to produce less trash.减量化指尽量少产生垃圾。 5.For example,we can reduce trash by using fewer plastic bags. 例如，我们可以通过少用塑料袋来减少垃圾 。 6.Reusing means making use of something again or in another way, such as using the water from your showers to clean the toilet and donating old clothes to charity. 再利用是指再次或以其他方式使用某物，比如用洗澡水冲厕所，把旧衣服捐赠给慈善机构。 ) ( 7.When we recycle, we turn used materials into new products. We can recycle many things in our daily life, such as paper boxes, glass bottles and so on. 回收再利用就是把废旧材料加工成新产品。日常生活中有很多东西可以回收，例如纸盒、玻璃瓶等等。 8.I always turn off the lights when I leave home.我离家的时候总会关掉灯。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.sort 2.journalist 3.interview 4.environmental 5.organization 6.instruction 7.pardon 8.recycle 9.trash 10.toilet 11.donate 12.charity 二、词组默写。 1.green traveling 2.waste sorting 3.energy saving 4. environmental organization 5. make use of 6. in another way 7.donate sth to… 8.turn.into…… 9.waste paper 10. turn off 11.pick up 12.throw out 三、完成句子 1．another 2．follow 3．recycle 4． is produced 5． Have anything 6． How long 7． are thrown 8． Yes I have 9．sick 10．sorting 四、用所给短语的适当形式填空 1．reduce pollution 2．recycle waste paper 3．is harmful to 4．take responsibility 5．take action 6．Reusing things 7．protect wild animals 8．Reducing water use 9．green lifestyle 10．sort waste 一、完形填空 （一） 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B （二） 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．A 19．B 20．C 二、阅读理解 A 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A B 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 六、选词填空 1．planet 2．Air 3．Water 4．Noise 5．Soil 6．Light 7．causes 8．trees 9．planet 10．harm 二、短文填空 1．recycle 2．means 3．using 4．again 5．donating 6．materials 7．as 8．Following 9．All 10．to make 三、补全对话 1．What does it mean 2． What can we do to live a green life 3． Should we learn to sort waste too 4． Will it make a big difference 5．You’re right/That’s true 四、任务型阅读 1． Air pollution. 2． The food we eat. 3． Walk or ride a bike. 4． Turn off lights. 5． More trees. $ Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 课时2 Function &Pronunciation分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. sort v.整理；把……分类n.种类；类别 2. journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 3. interview v.，n.面试，采访 4. environmental adj.自然环境的 5. organization n.组织；团体；机构 6. instruction n.用法说明;操作指南 7. pardon excl.什么，请再说一遍 v.，n.宽恕 8. recycle v.回收利用，再利用 9. trash n.垃圾；废弃物 10. toilet n.厕所；卫生间；盥洗室 11. donate v.捐赠，赠送 12. charity n.慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 1 3 .green traveling 绿色出行 14 .waste sorting 垃圾分类 15 . energy saving节约能源 16 . environmental organization环保组织 17 . make use of 利用 18 . in another way用另一种方式 19 .donate sth to…把某物捐赠给… 20 .turn.into…把…变成… 21 .waste paper废纸 22 . t u rn off关掉 23 .pick up捡起 24 . throw out扔掉 句型 1.I helped spread the message about environmental protection.我帮忙宣传有关环境保护的理念。 2.The message is mainly about the three Rs.这个理念主要围绕三个 R 原则。 3.The three Rs—reduce, reuse and recycle.三个 R 原则：减量化、再利用、再循环。 4.To reduce means trying to produce less trash.减量化指尽量少产生垃圾。 5.For example,we can reduce trash by using fewer plastic bags. 例如，我们可以通过少用塑料袋来减少垃圾 。 6.Reusing means making use of something again or in another way, such as using the water from your showers to clean the toilet and donating old clothes to charity. 再利用是指再次或以其他方式使用某物，比如用洗澡水冲厕所，把旧衣服捐赠给慈善机构。 ) ( 7.When we recycle, we turn used materials into new products. We can recycle many things in our daily life, such as paper boxes, glass bottles and so on. 回收再利用就是把废旧材料加工成新产品。日常生活中有很多东西可以回收，例如纸盒、玻璃瓶等等。 8.I always turn off the lights when I leave home.我离家的时候总会关掉灯。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1._____________ v.整理；把……分类n.种类；类别 2._____________ n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 3._____________ v.，n.面试，采访 4._____________ adj.自然环境的 5._____________n.组织；团体；机构 6._____________ n.用法说明;操作指南 7._____________ excl.什么，请再说一遍 v.，n.宽恕 8._____________ v.回收利用，再利用 9._____________ n.垃圾；废弃物 10._____________ n.厕所；卫生间；盥洗室 11._____________v.捐赠，赠送 12.___________ n.慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 【答案】 1.sort 2.journalist 3.interview 4.environmental 5.organization 6.instruction 7.pardon 8.recycle 9.trash 10.toilet 11.donate 12.charity 二、词组默写。 1.____________________ 绿色出行 2.____________________ 垃圾分类 3.____________________ 节约能源 4.____________________ 环保组织 5. ____________________ 利用 6. ____________________ 用另一种方式 7.____________________ 把某物捐赠给… 8.____________________ 把…变成… 9.____________________ 废纸 10. ____________________ 关掉 11.____________________ 捡起 12.____________________ 扔掉 【答案】 1.green traveling 2.waste sorting 3.energy saving 4. environmental organization 5. make use of 6. in another way 7.donate sth to… 8.turn.into…… 9.waste paper 10. turn off 11.pick up 12.throw out 三、完成句子 1．重复使用意味着再次或以另一种方式使用某物。 Reusing means making use of something again or in ________ way. 【答案】another 【详解】句意：重复使用意味着再次或者以另一种方式使用某物。中文短语“另一种”对应单词another，释义“另外的，别的”；another用来修饰可数名词单数way，in another way为固定搭配，含义是“用另一种方式”，故填another。 2．我猜我们都应该在生活中遵循三个R原则。 I guess we all should ________ the three Rs in our life. 【答案】follow 【详解】原句中“遵循”是关键词，用动词follow。情态动词should后接动词原形，故填follow。 3．回收利用是指将废旧材料转化为新产品。 When we ________, we turn used materials into new products. 【答案】recycle 【详解】原句中“回收利用”是关键词，“回收利用”的英文表达是recycle，主语是we，且句子陈述的是一般事实或真理，时态为一般现在时，因此谓语动词使用原形。 4．People produce lots of trash every day. (改为被动语态) Lots of trash ________ ________ by people every day. 【答案】 is produced 【详解】句意：人们每天产生大量垃圾。原句主动语态变为被动语态时，“lots of trash”为不可数概念，故be动词用is；produce的过去分词为produced；时间状语“every day”提示一般现在时。故填is；produced。 5．We have done something to stop water pollution.（改为一般疑问句） ________ you done ________ to stop water pollution? 【答案】 Have anything 【详解】句意：我们已经采取了一些措施阻止水污染。原句是现在完成时 (have+过去分词)，陈述句变一般疑问句，需将助动词have 提前至句首，由于位于句子开头，首字母必须大写，第一人称we对应改为第二人称you；同时肯定句中的something在疑问句中要变为anything，故填Have；anything。 6．He has recycled waste for five years.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ has he recycled waste? 【答案】 How long 【详解】句意：他已经回收废物五年了。划线部分“for five years”意为“长达五年”，表示动作持续的时间段。在英语中，对“一段时间/时长”提问，需要使用特殊疑问词组How long。 7．People throw away millions of plastic bottles every year.（改为被动语态） Millions of plastic bottles _______ _______ away every year. 【答案】 are thrown 【详解】句意：人们每年丢弃数百万个塑料瓶。根据时间状语“every year”可知，原句时态为一般现在时。一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are+动词过去分词”。改写后的主语“Millions of plastic bottles”是复数形式，因此be动词应用are。动词throw的过去分词是thrown。故填are；thrown。 8．Have you ever tried a green lifestyle?（作肯定回答） _______, _______ _______. 【答案】 Yes I have 【详解】句意：你尝试过绿色生活方式吗？本句是现在完成时一般疑问句（Have you…），肯定回答结构：Yes, 主语 + have.，问句主语为you，回答转换为I。 9．不安全的饮用水已经使许多人在过去几年里生病。 Unsafe water has made many people __________ in the past few years. 【答案】sick 【详解】原句中“生病”是关键词，固定搭配make sb.+形容词，意为“使某人……”，“生病的”形容词为sick，故填sick。 10．垃圾分类对环境保护非常重要。 Waste ________ is very important for environmental protection. 【答案】sorting 【详解】原句中“垃圾分类”是关键词，此处作主语，英文即Waste sorting。 四、用所给短语的适当形式填空 reduce pollution, recycle waste paper, be harmful to, take responsibility, take action, reuse things, protect wild animals, reduce water use, green lifestyle, sort waste 1．We must to make our rivers and lakes clean again. 2．It’s a good habit to and give it to the recycling station. 3．Eating too much junk food our health, just like environmental pollution harms the earth. 4．As middle school students, we should for keeping our school clean. 5．If we don’t soon, more wild animals will lose their homes. 6． can help us save a lot of natural resources. 7．Many volunteers work in nature reserves to . 8． is easy: we can turn off the tap when brushing teeth. 9．More and more people choose a to fight against climate change. 10．Learning to is the first step to a green earth. 【答案】 1．reduce pollution 2．recycle waste paper 3．is harmful to 4．take responsibility 5．take action 6．Reusing things 7．protect wild animals 8．Reducing water use 9．green lifestyle 10．sort waste 【详解】1．句意：我们必须减少污染以让河流湖泊再次清洁。must是情态动词，后接动词原形；根据make rivers and lakes clean可知减少污染才能达到这个目的，故填reduce pollution。 2．句意：回收废纸并把它交给回收站是一个好习惯。It’s a good habit to do sth.结构中to后接动词原形；根据 give it to the recycling station可知是回收废纸，故填recycle waste paper。 3．句意：吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害，就像环境污染危害地球一样。主语Eating too much junk food是动名词短语，视为单数，故be动词变为is；短语be harmful to意为“对……有害”，和后文的harms对应。故填is harmful to。 4．句意：作为中学生，我们应该为保持学校清洁承担责任。should后接动词原形；根据for keeping our school clean可知是承担责任，故填take responsibility。 5．句意：如果我们不尽快采取行动，更多野生动物将失去家园。don’t后接动词原形；根据后半句后果可知需要采取行动，故填take action。 6．句意：重复使用物品能帮我们节省大量自然资源。此处缺主语，所给短语中reuse things符合语意；动词reuse需变为动名词Reusing作主语，且句首首字母大写，故填Reusing things。 7．句意：许多志愿者在自然保护区工作以保护野生动物。to表目的，后接动词原形；根据nature reserves可知目的是保护野生动物，故填protect wild animals。 8．句意：减少用水很容易：我们刷牙时可以关掉水龙头。此处缺主语，动词reduce需变为动名词Reducing作主语，且句首首字母大写；根据turn off the tap可知是减少用水，故填Reducing water use。 9．句意：越来越多的人选择绿色生活方式来对抗气候变化。choose a后接名词单数；根据fight against climate change可知是选择绿色生活方式，故填green lifestyle。 10．句意：学习垃圾分类是迈向绿色地球的第一步。Learning to后接动词原形；根据the first step及环保常识可知是垃圾分类，故填sort waste。 一、完形填空 （一） The three Rs are important rules for environmental protection. 1 means trying to produce less trash. For example, we can 2 fewer plastic bags. Reusing means making 3 of something again or in another way. We can 4 old clothes to charity. Recycle means 5 used materials into new products. We can recycle paper, glass and metal. 6 these three Rs, we can 7 pollution and protect our planet. It is not 8 to follow these rules in our daily lives. We can start with small actions. 9 we all do our part, the world will become a 10 place. 1．A．Reduce B．Reuse C．Recycle D．Repair 2．A．buy B．use C．make D．find 3．A．use B．used C．using D．uses 4．A．buy B．sell C．donate D．throw 5．A．turning B．turn C．turns D．turned 6．A．With B．For C．By D．To 7．A．cause B．increase C．reduce D．create 8．A．difficult B．easy C．beautiful D．impossible 9．A．Unless B．Although C．If D．Because 10．A．worse B．greener C．busier D．noisier 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了环保的三个重要规则：减少、重复使用和回收利用。文章说明了具体做法及意义，鼓励大家从身边小事做起，共同保护地球环境。 【详解】1．句意：减少意味着尽量产生更少的垃圾。 根据“produce less trash”可知，这是“减少”的定义，Reduce符合。Reuse、Recycle、Repair含义不符。 2．句意：例如，我们可以少用塑料袋。 根据环保常识及上下文，为了减少垃圾，应少“用”塑料袋，use符合逻辑。 3．句意：重复使用意味着再次或以另一种方式利用某物。 此处是固定搭配make use of，意为“利用”。used、using和uses无此搭配。 4．句意：我们可以把旧衣服捐给慈善机构。 根据“to charity”可知，动作应为“捐赠”，捐赠衣物给慈善机构，buy、sell和throw不符合慈善语境。 5．句意：回收意味着将旧材料变成新产品。 mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”是固定搭配，空处需用动名词，填turning。 6．句意：通过这三个R，我们可以减少污染并保护地球。 此处要表达借助践行3R的方式达成环保目的，by后接名词表示凭借的手段，其余介词不符合用法。 7．句意：我们可以减少污染并保护地球。 结合环保的主题，践行3R的作用是减少污染，reduce符合语境。cause、increase和create与环保目标相悖。 8．句意：在日常生活中遵守这些规则并不难。 根据下文“We can start with small actions.”可知，此事“不难”，difficult符合语境。easy构成not easy“不容易”，语意相反；beautiful与语境无关；impossible太绝对。 9．句意：如果我们都尽自己的一份力，世界将成为一个更绿色的地方。 根据前后文逻辑，此处表示假设条件，应用“If”。Unless、Although、Because逻辑不通。 10．句意：如果我们都尽自己的一份力，世界将成为一个更绿色的地方。 根据环保主题，努力的结果是世界变得“更绿色”。worse、busier和noisier不符合积极语境。 （二） 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 Our planet is facing many environmental problems. Pollution is one of the 11 serious problems. There are different 12 of pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. 13 of these types of pollution can harm our health and the environment. Air pollution 14 from cars, factories and burning of fossil fuels. It makes the air 15 and can cause breathing problems. Water pollution is 16 by chemicals and waste. It kills fish and other marine 17 . Soil pollution affects the land and the food we eat. Noise pollution can cause hearing 18 and stress. Light pollution makes it hard to see the stars at night and harms 19 . We must 20 action to protect our environment. Everyone can play a role in reducing pollution and creating a better world. 11．A．many B．more C．most D．much 12．A．kinds B．ways C．reasons D．sources 13．A．Both B．Neither C．All D．None 14．A．comes B．goes C．takes D．brings 15．A．clean B．fresh C．dirty D．clear 16．A．caused B．made C．created D．found 17．A．plants B．life C．animals D．birds 18．A．loss B．problem C．issues D．damage 19．A．plants B．animals C．people D．cities 20．A．do B．make C．take D．have 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．A 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文介绍了地球面临的环境污染问题，列举了空气、水、土壤等污染类型及其危害，呼吁大家采取行动保护环境。 【详解】11．句意：污染是最严重的问题之一。 根据“one of the...serious problems”可知，此处是“one of the+最高级+复数名词”结构，表示“最……之一”，应选填most。 12．句意：有不同种类的污染。 根据后文列举的“...air pollution, water pollution...”可知，此处指污染的种类，“different kinds of”为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”，对应后文多种污染类型。 13．句意：所有这些污染都会危害我们的健康和环境。 前文一共列举五类污染，后文说都会伤害健康和环境。应选填“All”，表示三者及以上全部，所有类型污染都有危害。Both“两者”；Neither“两者都不”；None“全部都不”，语义相反。 14．句意：大气污染来自汽车、工厂以及化石燃料的燃烧。 固定搭配“come from”，意为“来自”；主语“air pollution”是单数，谓语用三单。应选填“comes from”，表示大气污染“来源于”汽车、工厂、化石燃料燃烧。goes from“离开”；takes from“取自”；brings from“带来”，搭配语义不通。 15．句意：它让空气污浊，还会引发呼吸道疾病。 前文讲大气污染，污染会让空气变差。应选填“dirty”，表示“肮脏的”，符合污染改变空气质量的语境。clean“干净”；fresh“清新”；clear“洁净”，均是优质空气特征，和污染矛盾。 16．句意：水污染是化学物质和废弃物造成的。 根据“is...by”可知，是被动语态，“be caused by”意为“由……引起”，符合语境。 17．句意：它杀死鱼类和其他海洋生物。 “marine life”意为“海洋生物”，是固定搭配，涵盖面广，符合语境。 18．句意：噪音污染会造成听力受损和精神压力。 “hearing loss”意为“听力丧失”，是常用医学及生活短语，符合噪音危害的描述。 19．句意：光污染让夜晚难以看见繁星，还会伤害动物。 光污染打乱生物作息，夜间强光主要危害各类动物生存作息。“animals”表示“动物”，贴合光污染破坏生物夜间活动的常识。 20．句意：我们必须采取行动保护我们的环境。 “take action”意为“采取行动”，是固定搭配，符合呼吁保护的语境。 二、阅读理解 A Green Actions in Daily Life There are many small actions we can take to be greener in our daily lives. We can turn off the lights when we leave a room. This saves energy and reduces pollution. We can also pull out plugs when they are not in use. When we brush our teeth, we should turn off the water. This saves water. We can ride bikes to school or work instead of driving cars. This helps save energy and reduce air pollution. We can also sort our waste and put different kinds of trash in different bins. By doing these simple things, we can help protect our environment and make the world a better place. 1．What should we do when we leave a room? A．Turn on the lights. B．Turn off the lights. C．Leave the lights on. D．Turn off the water. 2．Why should we ride bikes instead of driving cars? A．It is faster. B．It saves energy and reduces air pollution. C．It is more expensive. D．It is more comfortable. 3．What should we do with our waste? A．Mix it all together. B．Sort it and put different kinds in different bins. C．Throw it all in the same bin. D．Burn it all. 4．What does “pull out plugs” mean? A．插上插头 B．拔掉插头 C．换插头 D．修插头 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We can do many small things to protect the environment. B．Only governments can protect the environment. C．Protecting the environment is very difficult. D．We should not use electricity. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些日常生活中的绿色行动，包括随手关灯、垃圾分类和绿色出行等，旨在倡导人们保护环境。 【详解】1．根据文章第二句“We can turn off the lights when we leave a room.”可知，当我们离开房间时应关灯。 2．根据文章第七句和第八句“We can ride bikes to school or work instead of driving cars. This helps save energy and reduce air pollution.”可知，我们骑自行车代替开车有助于节约能源和减少空气污染。 3．根据文章第九句“We can also sort our waste and put different kinds of trash in different bins.”可知，我们应该分类垃圾并将不同种类的垃圾放入不同的垃圾桶。 4．根据文章第四句“when they are not in use”可知，是为了省电应拔掉插头，pull out意为“拔出”，plugs意为“插头”，故pull out plugs意为“拔掉插头”。 5．文章首句提到“There are many small actions we can take to be greener in our daily lives.”，结尾总结“By doing these simple things, we can help protect our environment...”，全文主要讲述我们可以通过日常小事保护环境。 B The Three Rs Reduce, reuse and recycle are the three Rs. They are important rules for environmental protection. Reduce means trying to produce less trash. For example, we can use fewer plastic bags and buy products with less packaging. Reuse means using things again or in another way. We can use the water from showers to clean the toilet and donate old clothes to charity. Recycle means turning used materials into new products. We can recycle paper, glass, metal and plastic. By following these three Rs, we can reduce pollution and protect our planet. It is not difficult to follow these rules in our daily lives. 6．What does “reduce” mean? A．To use things again. B．To produce less trash. C．To turn waste into new products. D．To throw things away. 7．Which of the following is an example of reusing? A．Using fewer plastic bags. B．Donating old clothes to charity. C．Recycling paper boxes. D．Buying products with less packaging. 8．What can we recycle? A．Only paper. B．Only glass. C．Paper, glass, metal and plastic. D．Only metal. 9．Why are the three Rs important? A．They help us save money. B．They help us reduce pollution and protect the planet. C．They help us save time. D．They help us make more trash. 10．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The three Rs are difficult to follow. B．The three Rs are important for environmental protection. C．We should only recycle. D．We should never throw anything away. 【答案】6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了环境保护中的“三个R”原则（减少、再利用、回收），解释了它们的具体含义并举例说明，最后阐述了遵循这些原则对减少污染和保护地球的重要性。 【详解】6．根据第三句“Reduce means trying to produce less trash.”可知，reduce的意思是试图产生更少的垃圾。 7．根据第五、六句“Reuse means using things again or in another way… donate old clothes to charity.”可知，捐赠旧衣服属于重复使用的例子。 8．根据倒数第三句“We can recycle paper, glass, metal and plastic.”可知，我们可以回收纸、玻璃、金属和塑料。 9．根据倒数第二句“By following these three Rs, we can reduce pollution and protect our planet.”可知，遵循三个R原则可以帮助减少污染并保护我们的星球。 10．通读全文可知，文章开篇指出“They are important rules for environmental protection.”，随后详细介绍了三个R原则的内容及意义，主旨是强调三个R原则对环境保护的重要性。 六、选词填空 从方框中选择适当的单词填入空白处。 air  water  noise  light  soil  awake  harm  planet  causes  trees Our 1 is facing many kinds of pollution. 2 pollution comes from factories and cars. It makes the sky gray. 3 pollution is caused by chemicals and waste. It harms the living things in rivers and oceans. 4 pollution comes from loud sounds and it can harm our hearing. 5 pollution comes from waste chemicals in the ground. 6 pollution from bright lights makes it hard to see the stars at night. Each type of pollution 7 different problems. We need to protect our environment. We should plant more 8 to make the air cleaner. We must stop throwing waste into rivers. We should also reduce the use of bright lights at night. By working together, we can save our 9 . Every action we take can make a difference. Don’t 10 the environment. Let’s be green people! 【答案】 1．planet 2．Air 3．Water 4．Noise 5．Soil 6．Light 7．causes 8．trees 9．planet 10．harm 【导语】本文介绍了空气、水、噪音、土壤和光五种污染及其危害，指出每种污染引发不同问题，并呼吁通过植树、减少排污和灯光等措施保护地球，强调人人行动皆有意义。 【详解】1．句意：我们的星球正面临多种污染。根据下文提到的各种污染及环保主题，此处指“星球”，planet意为“星球”，符合语境，直接填入即可。 2．句意：空气污染来自工厂和汽车。根据后文“makes the sky gray”可知此处指空气污染，air意为“空气”，符合语境，此处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Air。 3．句意：水污染是由化学物质和废物引起的。根据后文“rivers and oceans”可知指水污染，water意为“水”，符合语境，此处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Water。 4．句意：噪音污染来自巨大的声音。根据后文“loud sounds”和”harm our hearing”可知指噪音污染，noise意为“噪音”，符合语境，此处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Noise。 5．句意：土壤污染是由地下的废弃化学物质引起的。根据后文“in the ground”可知指土壤污染，soil意为“土壤”，符合语境，此处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Soil。 6．句意：光污染来自明亮的灯光。根据后文“bright lights”和“see the stars”可知指光污染，light意为“光”，符合语境，此处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Light。 7．句意：每种污染导致不同的问题。本句时态为一般现在时，主语“Each type”是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，结合句意，causes“导致”，符合句意和语法。 8．句意：我们应该种植更多的树使空气更清新。根据句意可知，此处指种树，plant trees是固定搭配，意为“种树”，根据空格前的more可知，此处要填名词的复数形式，故填trees。 9．句意：通过共同努力，我们可以拯救我们的星球。根据上下文可知，此处指拯救我们的星球。planet“星球”，符合语境，直接填入即可。 10．句意：不要伤害环境。Don’t后接动词原形，呼吁大家不要伤害环境，短语harm the environment意为“伤害环境”可知，此处填动词原形harm。 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 Do you know the three Rs? They are reduce, reuse and 1 (recycle). To reduce 2 (mean) trying to produce less trash. For example, we can reduce trash by 3 (use) fewer plastic bags. To reuse means making use of something 4 or in another way, such as using the water from your showers to clean the toilet and 5 (donate) old clothes to charity. When we recycle, we turn used 6 (material) into new products. We can recycle many things in our daily life, such 7 paper boxes and glass bottles. 8 (follow) the three Rs can help us protect the environment. 9 of us should do our part 10 (make) the world a greener place. 【答案】 1．recycle 2．means 3．using 4．again 5．donating 6．materials 7．as 8．Following 9．All 10．to make 【导语】本文介绍环保领域的3R原则，分别讲解三项环保方式的含义和生活实例；号召大家在日常生活中践行 3R 准则，每个人献出一份力量，节约资源、循环利用物品，以此保护环境，打造绿色宜居的生存环境。 【详解】1．句意：它们是减少、重复利用以及回收。and并列三处原形reduce, reuse, recycle；因此填原形recycle。 2．句意：减少意味着尽力制造更少垃圾。主语为不定式To reduce，不定式作主语视为单数；一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数means。 3．句意：例如，我们可以通过少使用塑料袋来减少垃圾。介词by“凭借、通过”后面只能接动名词V‑ing，use变为using。 4．句意：再利用就是再次使用物品或是换一种方式使用，譬如用洗澡水冲洗马桶、捐赠旧衣服给慈善机构。reuse 词根含义为“再次使用”；副词again“再一次”和后文“in another way”并列。故填again。 5．句意：再利用就是再次使用物品或是换一种方式使用，譬如用洗澡水冲洗马桶、捐赠旧衣服给慈善机构。such as后接动名词；and表示并列，和前面using形式保持一致，donate变为donating。 6．句意：回收的时候，我们将废旧材料制作成全新产品。material为可数名词，此处泛指各类废旧原料，需要复数形式materials。 7．句意：日常生活有许多物品能够回收，例如纸盒、玻璃瓶。固定短语such as，含义“比如、例如”。故填as。 8．句意：遵守三R原则能够帮助我们保护环境。动词不能够直接充当主语；改为动名词作主语，follow变为Following，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：我们所有人都应该尽自己的一份力量，让世界成为一个更绿色的地方。此处呼吁每个人献出一份力量，固定搭配all of us，表示“全体人”；句首首字母大写，故填All。 10．句意：我们所有人都应该尽自己的一份力量，让世界成为一个更绿色的地方。不定式to do用作目的状语，表示行动所要达成的目标。故填to make。 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个恰当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Tom! Do you know what a green lifestyle is? B: A green lifestyle? 1 ? A: It means living in a way that doesn’t harm the environment, like saving water and recycling waste. B: Sounds great! 2 ? A: We can start with small things, like turning off the lights when leaving the room. B: That’s easy. 3 ? A: Yes, we should also learn to sort waste correctly. Different kinds of waste need different ways to deal with. B: Oh, right. 4 ? A: Of course! If we all live green lives, we can reduce pollution and protect wild animals. B: 5 . Let’s start from today! 【答案】1．What does it mean 2． What can we do to live a green life 3． Should we learn to sort waste too 4． Will it make a big difference 5．You’re right/That’s true 【导语】本文主要介绍A与Tom围绕绿色生活方式展开交流对话，二人依次探讨绿色生活的含义、践行低碳生活的小事、垃圾分类相关做法，还聊到绿色生活带来的积极作用，最后达成共识决定从当下开始践行环保生活。 【详解】1．后文A解释绿色生活指不破坏环境的生活方式，此处需要询问绿色生活方式的含义，填写句子“What does it mean”衔接下文释义内容。 2．后文A列举随手关灯这类可以践行环保的小事，此处需要询问我们能做哪些事实现绿色生活，填写句子“What can we do to live a green life”承接下文环保行动的介绍。 3．后文A给出肯定答复，补充说明我们还要学会正确垃圾分类，此处需要用一般疑问句询问是否也需要学习垃圾分类，填写句子“Should we learn to sort waste too”衔接下文垃圾分类的讲解。 4．后文A给予肯定回答，讲述全民绿色生活能够减少污染、保护野生动物，此处需要询问绿色生活是否能带来很大改变，填写句子“Will it make a big difference”承接下文环保带来的益处。 5．后文提议从今天开始行动，此处需要认同前文所说的环保观点，填写句子“You’re right”或“That’s true”衔接下文共同践行环保的提议。 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题，每题答案不超过6个单词 A Cleaner Future We all want to live in a clean and healthy environment. But pollution is harming our planet. Air pollution makes the sky gray. Water pollution makes rivers and oceans dirty. Soil pollution affects the food we eat. Noise pollution causes stress. Light pollution stops us from seeing the stars. The good news is that we can all help. We can walk or ride a bike instead of driving a car. We can turn off lights when we leave a room. We can recycle paper, plastic and glass. We can plant more trees. We can also use fewer chemicals and pesticides. By doing these simple things, we can make a big difference. We can create a cleaner and greener future for everyone. 1．What makes the sky gray? 2．What does soil pollution affect? 3．What can we do instead of driving a car? 4．What should we do when we leave a room? 5．What can we plant more of? 【答案】 1． Air pollution. 2． The food we eat. 3． Walk or ride a bike. 4． Turn off lights. 5． More trees. 【导语】本文介绍了各类污染带来的危害，列举了多种保护环境、打造洁净未来的可行做法。 【详解】1．第一段指出“Air pollution makes the sky gray.”，空气污染让天空灰蒙蒙。 2．第一段指出“Soil pollution affects the food we eat.”，土壤污染影响我们食用的食物。 3．第二段指出“We can walk or ride a bike instead of driving a car.”，我们可以步行或骑车代替开车。 4．第二段指出“We can turn off lights when we leave a room.”，离开房间时要关灯。 5．第二段指出“We can plant more trees.”，我们可以多种树。 $ Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 课时2 Function &Pronunciation分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. sort v.整理；把……分类n.种类；类别 2. journalist n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 3. interview v.，n.面试，采访 4. environmental adj.自然环境的 5. organization n.组织；团体；机构 6. instruction n.用法说明;操作指南 7. pardon excl.什么，请再说一遍 v.，n.宽恕 8. recycle v.回收利用，再利用 9. trash n.垃圾；废弃物 10. toilet n.厕所；卫生间；盥洗室 11. donate v.捐赠，赠送 12. charity n.慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 1 3 .green traveling 绿色出行 14 .waste sorting 垃圾分类 15 . energy saving节约能源 16 . environmental organization环保组织 17 . make use of 利用 18 . in another way用另一种方式 19 .donate sth to…把某物捐赠给… 20 .turn.into…把…变成… 21 .waste paper废纸 22 . t u rn off关掉 23 .pick up捡起 24 . throw out扔掉 句型 1.I helped spread the message about environmental protection.我帮忙宣传有关环境保护的理念。 2.The message is mainly about the three Rs.这个理念主要围绕三个 R 原则。 3.The three Rs—reduce, reuse and recycle.三个 R 原则：减量化、再利用、再循环。 4.To reduce means trying to produce less trash.减量化指尽量少产生垃圾。 5.For example,we can reduce trash by using fewer plastic bags. 例如，我们可以通过少用塑料袋来减少垃圾 。 6.Reusing means making use of something again or in another way, such as using the water from your showers to clean the toilet and donating old clothes to charity. 再利用是指再次或以其他方式使用某物，比如用洗澡水冲厕所，把旧衣服捐赠给慈善机构。 ) ( 7.When we recycle, we turn used materials into new products. We can recycle many things in our daily life, such as paper boxes, glass bottles and so on. 回收再利用就是把废旧材料加工成新产品。日常生活中有很多东西可以回收，例如纸盒、玻璃瓶等等。 8.I always turn off the lights when I leave home.我离家的时候总会关掉灯。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1._____________ v.整理；把……分类n.种类；类别 2._____________ n.新闻记者；新闻工作者 3._____________ v.，n.面试，采访 4._____________ adj.自然环境的 5._____________n.组织；团体；机构 6._____________ n.用法说明;操作指南 7._____________ excl.什么，请再说一遍 v.，n.宽恕 8._____________ v.回收利用，再利用 9._____________ n.垃圾；废弃物 10._____________ n.厕所；卫生间；盥洗室 11._____________v.捐赠，赠送 12.___________ n.慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 二、词组默写。 1.____________________ 绿色出行 2.____________________ 垃圾分类 3.____________________ 节约能源 4.____________________ 环保组织 5. ____________________ 利用 6. ____________________ 用另一种方式 7.____________________ 把某物捐赠给… 8.____________________ 把…变成… 9.____________________ 废纸 10. ____________________ 关掉 11.____________________ 捡起 12.____________________ 扔掉 三、完成句子 1．重复使用意味着再次或以另一种方式使用某物。 Reusing means making use of something again or in ________ way. 2．我猜我们都应该在生活中遵循三个R原则。 I guess we all should ________ the three Rs in our life. 3．回收利用是指将废旧材料转化为新产品。 When we ________, we turn used materials into new products. 4．People produce lots of trash every day. (改为被动语态) Lots of trash ________ ________ by people every day. 5．We have done something to stop water pollution.（改为一般疑问句） ________ you done ________ to stop water pollution? 6．He has recycled waste for five years.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ has he recycled waste? 7．People throw away millions of plastic bottles every year.（改为被动语态） Millions of plastic bottles _______ _______ away every year. 8．Have you ever tried a green lifestyle?（作肯定回答） _______, _______ _______. 9．不安全的饮用水已经使许多人在过去几年里生病。 Unsafe water has made many people __________ in the past few years. 10．垃圾分类对环境保护非常重要。 Waste ________ is very important for environmental protection. 四、用所给短语的适当形式填空 reduce pollution, recycle waste paper, be harmful to, take responsibility, take action, reuse things, protect wild animals, reduce water use, green lifestyle, sort waste 1．We must to make our rivers and lakes clean again. 2．It’s a good habit to and give it to the recycling station. 3．Eating too much junk food our health, just like environmental pollution harms the earth. 4．As middle school students, we should for keeping our school clean. 5．If we don’t soon, more wild animals will lose their homes. 6． can help us save a lot of natural resources. 7．Many volunteers work in nature reserves to . 8． is easy: we can turn off the tap when brushing teeth. 9．More and more people choose a to fight against climate change. 10．Learning to is the first step to a green earth. 一、完形填空 （一） The three Rs are important rules for environmental protection. 1 means trying to produce less trash. For example, we can 2 fewer plastic bags. Reusing means making 3 of something again or in another way. We can 4 old clothes to charity. Recycle means 5 used materials into new products. We can recycle paper, glass and metal. 6 these three Rs, we can 7 pollution and protect our planet. It is not 8 to follow these rules in our daily lives. We can start with small actions. 9 we all do our part, the world will become a 10 place. 1．A．Reduce B．Reuse C．Recycle D．Repair 2．A．buy B．use C．make D．find 3．A．use B．used C．using D．uses 4．A．buy B．sell C．donate D．throw 5．A．turning B．turn C．turns D．turned 6．A．With B．For C．By D．To 7．A．cause B．increase C．reduce D．create 8．A．difficult B．easy C．beautiful D．impossible 9．A．Unless B．Although C．If D．Because 10．A．worse B．greener C．busier D．noisier （二） 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 Our planet is facing many environmental problems. Pollution is one of the 11 serious problems. There are different 12 of pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. 13 of these types of pollution can harm our health and the environment. Air pollution 14 from cars, factories and burning of fossil fuels. It makes the air 15 and can cause breathing problems. Water pollution is 16 by chemicals and waste. It kills fish and other marine 17 . Soil pollution affects the land and the food we eat. Noise pollution can cause hearing 18 and stress. Light pollution makes it hard to see the stars at night and harms 19 . We must 20 action to protect our environment. Everyone can play a role in reducing pollution and creating a better world. 11．A．many B．more C．most D．much 12．A．kinds B．ways C．reasons D．sources 13．A．Both B．Neither C．All D．None 14．A．comes B．goes C．takes D．brings 15．A．clean B．fresh C．dirty D．clear 16．A．caused B．made C．created D．found 17．A．plants B．life C．animals D．birds 18．A．loss B．problem C．issues D．damage 19．A．plants B．animals C．people D．cities 20．A．do B．make C．take D．have 二、阅读理解 A Green Actions in Daily Life There are many small actions we can take to be greener in our daily lives. We can turn off the lights when we leave a room. This saves energy and reduces pollution. We can also pull out plugs when they are not in use. When we brush our teeth, we should turn off the water. This saves water. We can ride bikes to school or work instead of driving cars. This helps save energy and reduce air pollution. We can also sort our waste and put different kinds of trash in different bins. By doing these simple things, we can help protect our environment and make the world a better place. 1．What should we do when we leave a room? A．Turn on the lights. B．Turn off the lights. C．Leave the lights on. D．Turn off the water. 2．Why should we ride bikes instead of driving cars? A．It is faster. B．It saves energy and reduces air pollution. C．It is more expensive. D．It is more comfortable. 3．What should we do with our waste? A．Mix it all together. B．Sort it and put different kinds in different bins. C．Throw it all in the same bin. D．Burn it all. 4．What does “pull out plugs” mean? A．插上插头 B．拔掉插头 C．换插头 D．修插头 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We can do many small things to protect the environment. B．Only governments can protect the environment. C．Protecting the environment is very difficult. D．We should not use electricity. B The Three Rs Reduce, reuse and recycle are the three Rs. They are important rules for environmental protection. Reduce means trying to produce less trash. For example, we can use fewer plastic bags and buy products with less packaging. Reuse means using things again or in another way. We can use the water from showers to clean the toilet and donate old clothes to charity. Recycle means turning used materials into new products. We can recycle paper, glass, metal and plastic. By following these three Rs, we can reduce pollution and protect our planet. It is not difficult to follow these rules in our daily lives. 6．What does “reduce” mean? A．To use things again. B．To produce less trash. C．To turn waste into new products. D．To throw things away. 7．Which of the following is an example of reusing? A．Using fewer plastic bags. B．Donating old clothes to charity. C．Recycling paper boxes. D．Buying products with less packaging. 8．What can we recycle? A．Only paper. B．Only glass. C．Paper, glass, metal and plastic. D．Only metal. 9．Why are the three Rs important? A．They help us save money. B．They help us reduce pollution and protect the planet. C．They help us save time. D．They help us make more trash. 10．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The three Rs are difficult to follow. B．The three Rs are important for environmental protection. C．We should only recycle. D．We should never throw anything away. 六、选词填空 从方框中选择适当的单词填入空白处。 air  water  noise  light  soil  awake  harm  planet  causes  trees Our 1 is facing many kinds of pollution. 2 pollution comes from factories and cars. It makes the sky gray. 3 pollution is caused by chemicals and waste. It harms the living things in rivers and oceans. 4 pollution comes from loud sounds and it can harm our hearing. 5 pollution comes from waste chemicals in the ground. 6 pollution from bright lights makes it hard to see the stars at night. Each type of pollution 7 different problems. We need to protect our environment. We should plant more 8 to make the air cleaner. We must stop throwing waste into rivers. We should also reduce the use of bright lights at night. By working together, we can save our 9 . Every action we take can make a difference. Don’t 10 the environment. Let’s be green people! 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 Do you know the three Rs? They are reduce, reuse and 1 (recycle). To reduce 2 (mean) trying to produce less trash. For example, we can reduce trash by 3 (use) fewer plastic bags. To reuse means making use of something 4 or in another way, such as using the water from your showers to clean the toilet and 5 (donate) old clothes to charity. When we recycle, we turn used 6 (material) into new products. We can recycle many things in our daily life, such 7 paper boxes and glass bottles. 8 (follow) the three Rs can help us protect the environment. 9 of us should do our part 10 (make) the world a greener place. 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个恰当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Hi, Tom! Do you know what a green lifestyle is? B: A green lifestyle? 1 ? A: It means living in a way that doesn’t harm the environment, like saving water and recycling waste. B: Sounds great! 2 ? A: We can start with small things, like turning off the lights when leaving the room. B: That’s easy. 3 ? A: Yes, we should also learn to sort waste correctly. Different kinds of waste need different ways to deal with. B: Oh, right. 4 ? A: Of course! If we all live green lives, we can reduce pollution and protect wild animals. B: 5 . Let’s start from today! 四、任务型阅读 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题，每题答案不超过6个单词 A Cleaner Future We all want to live in a clean and healthy environment. But pollution is harming our planet. Air pollution makes the sky gray. Water pollution makes rivers and oceans dirty. Soil pollution affects the food we eat. Noise pollution causes stress. Light pollution stops us from seeing the stars. The good news is that we can all help. We can walk or ride a bike instead of driving a car. We can turn off lights when we leave a room. We can recycle paper, plastic and glass. We can plant more trees. We can also use fewer chemicals and pesticides. By doing these simple things, we can make a big difference. We can create a cleaner and greener future for everyone. 1．What makes the sky gray? 2．What does soil pollution affect? 3．What can we do instead of driving a car? 4．What should we do when we leave a room? 5．What can we plant more of? $