Unit 2 课时1 Listening & Speaking（分层作业）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，围绕“环境保护”主题，通过A/B/C组及拓展四层设计，实现从词汇默写、句型应用到语篇理解的递进，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇、词组|单词/词组默写，夯实语言基础| |B组|句型转换、情景对话|语法应用与补全对话，提升语言表达| |C组|语篇理解、词汇运用|完形填空与选词填空，发展思维逻辑| |拓展|综合语篇、中考题型|阅读理解与阅读还原，衔接中考能力|

Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 课时1 Listening & Speaking分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. pollution n.污染 2. union n.同盟;联盟 3. awareness n.知道 ； 认识；意识；兴趣 4.w hale n.鲸 5. dolphin n.海豚 6. giraffe n.长颈鹿 7. everywhere adv.处处，到处，各个地方 8. several det., pron.几个，数个 9. eagle n.雕;鹰 10 .environmental protection环境保护 11 .different kinds of pollution各类污染 12 . light pollution光污染 13 .air pollution 空气污染 14 . soil pollution土壤污染 15 .noise pollution噪音污染 16 . w ater pollution水污染 17 .set up建立；设立 18 .make great efforts in doing努力做..... 1 9 .be harmful to对...有害 20 .take actions to do sth采取行动做… 21 . an article about一篇关于…的文章 22 . cut do w n砍倒；削减 23 . start a family安家 句型 1.As the city has made great efforts in fighting against air pollution for these years, people can see much clearer sky now. 这些年来，这座城市大力治理空气污染，现在人们能看到清澈得多的天空了。 2.Noise pollution not only causes many health problems in humans hearing, but also harms animals, especially whales and dolphins in the ocean. 噪音污染不仅会给人类听力带来诸多健康问题，还会伤害动物，尤其是海洋里的鲸鱼和海豚。 3.Light pollution can be harmful to the health of people and animals. More people are taking actions to reduce it and bring back the natural sky. 光污染会危害人类和动物的健康。越来越多的人正在采取行动减少光污染，重现自然的夜空。 ) ( 4.You look serious. What has happened?你神情很严肃，发生什么事了？ →I ’ ve read an article about water pollution.我读了一篇关于水污染的文章。 5.What does it say?文章说了些什么？ →Unsafe water has made many people sick in the past few years and water pollution is putting our health at risk.过去几年里，不安全的水源已经让很多人生病，水污染正威胁着我们的健康。 6.Now, I have enough leaves to eat because people have planted trees everywhere. 现在我有足够的树叶可以吃了，因为人们到处都种上了树。 7.But recently, people have stopped cutting down trees and I can find a good place to live in and start a family. 不过最近人们不再砍伐树木了，我可以找到一个好住处，安家繁衍。 8.In the past, water pollution was a big problem. In recent years, I have seen people’s efforts to make the sea clean again. 过去，水污染是一大难题。近些年来，我看到人们为让大海重归洁净所付出的努力。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.__________________ n.污染 2.__________________ n.同盟;联盟 3.__________________ n.知道；认识；意识；兴趣 4.__________________ n.鲸 5.__________________ n.海豚 6.__________________ n.长颈鹿 7.__________________ adv.处处，到处，各个地方 8.__________________ det., pron.几个，数个 9.__________________ n.雕;鹰二、词组默写。 1._______________________环境保护 2._______________________各类污染 3. _______________________光污染 4._______________________空气污染 5. _______________________土壤污染 6._______________________噪音污染 7. _______________________水污染 8._______________________建立；设立 9._______________________努力做..... 10._______________________对...有害 11._______________________采取行动做… 12. _______________________一篇关于…的文章 13. _______________________砍倒；削减 14. _______________________安家 三、根据要求完成句子 1．We started to plant trees to protect the environment three years ago. (用since three years ago改写) We _______ _______ trees to protect the environment since three years ago. 2．Plastic bags are harmful to the environment. (改为同义句) Plastic bags _______ _______ to the environment. 3．过去，水污染是一个大问题。 In the past, water pollution was a big ________. 4．水污染正在将我们的健康置于危险之中。 Water pollution is ________ our health at risk. 5．The girl volunteers to protect animals. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the girl volunteer to do? 6．We can reuse water to clean the toilet.（同义句转换） We can use water ________ ________ the toilet again. 7．减少意味着尽量少产生垃圾。 To ________ means trying to produce less trash. 8．我们可以通过使用更少的塑料袋来减少垃圾。 We can reduce trash by ________ fewer plastic bags. 9．We can protect the earth by saving water. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______ we protect the earth? 10．现在，我已经有足够的树叶吃了，因为人们已经在各处种了树。 Now, I have enough leaves to eat because people have ________ trees everywhere. 四、补全对话 阅读下面对话，从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空（每个单词或短语只能用一次）。 save  laws  in danger  takes action  changes Susan: I have just read a report on wild animals. Sadly, they are 1 . Emma: What a pity! Are there any 2 to protect them? Susan: Yes. Our government 3 in time to help them. Emma: What can we students do to 4 wildlife? Susan: We can record the 5 in their numbers. Emma: I hope all the wild animals can live happily and safely in nature. 一、完形填空 In today’s world, almost everyone knows that air pollution is harmful to people’s health. 1 not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans’ health. People who work and live in 2 conditions may go deaf. For example, many of the workers who 3 newspapers and books go deaf. Quite a few people living near 4 also have hearing loss. Recently it was reported that many 5 in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do, because these young people always listen to 6 pop music. Making a loud noise in 7 is also a kind of pollution. It not only disturbs (打扰) 8 but also does great harm to people’s hearing. Cars and 9 also produce too much noise. Such pollution makes people feel uncomfortable and unpleasant, and it can even cause them to become 10 or deaf. Nowadays many countries are trying to solve all sorts of environmental problems, including noise pollution. 1．A．And B．But C．Or 2．A．good B．quiet C．noisy 3．A．read B．print C．works for 4．A．schools B．libraries C．airports 5．A．babies B．patients C．teenagers 6．A．loud B．soft C．nice 7．A．public B．time C．class 8．A．others B．you C．children 9．A．bicycles B．machines C．planets (星球) 10．A．brave B．sick C．outgoing 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 hurt help good but about can try star up no What do you see when you look at the sky at night? A long time ago, people could see lots of 1 . But now, city lights make the sky bright. Because of this, people in cities 2 see many stars. Light is very important and 3 for us. We need light to see things and plants need it to grow. 4 too much light is not good. We need some time with 5 light to sleep well. Long ago, nights were much darker. Now, nights are like days because of all the lights. Some scientists are worried 6 that, because they think this can 7 our health. Then comes the concept (概念) of light pollution. Light pollution can also hurt animals. Birds and insects can be in danger if there is too much light at night. Luckily, scientists are 8 to find ways to reduce light pollution. This can help us live 9 . For example, many street lights now have covers on them. These covers make the light go down to the ground and not 10 into the sky. This helps save energy too. We should all think about how to use light properly. Less light pollution is good for us and for nature. 三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子              pollute, harm, reduce, protect, act, responsible 1．Factories the air with smoke every day. 2．Noise and light pollution people’s daily lives. 3．We should the use of plastic products as much as possible. 4．It’s necessary endangered animals from being killed. 5．We need now to stop the environment from getting worse. 6．It’s our to make the earth a better home. 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is pollution? Dirty air, waste water, litter and other dirty things are all pollution. We can see some of them, but 1 (other) we can’t. People have created lots of pollution and you can see it almost everywhere on the planet, even far places like the Arctic which are badly polluted by 2 (harm) chemicals made by people. Scientist have found the chemicals-in the bodies-of polar bears (北极熊), seals (海豹) and the people who live with them. Pollution has killed many animals and made others 3 (sick). It has also killed people and made them ill, too. There’s nowhere on the planet left without pollution, even at the bottom of the sea or high up in the air. Pollution 4 (cause) many problems and the government of many countries are trying to solve them. With less pollution our world 5 (be) better, so please protect our environment. Let’s work together to make our world more beautiful. 二、阅读理解 Birds in cities stay awake longer, according to a new study. It found that birds in light-polluted areas are active for longer each day than those in the countryside, where there is less artificial (人工的) light. Light pollution is when there’s lots of artificial light from street lamps, buildings and cars. This brightens the natural darkness and can trick animals into thinking the day is longer than it really is. Scientists studied over four million bird calls from BirdWeather, a citizen-science project. People send birdsong recordings to it, and AI helps identify (识别) the sounds. BirdWeather then uses that information to study how birds behave and how their numbers change. Scientists also compared the information with light pollution data (数据) from satellite images. Researchers listened to birdsong in the mornings and evenings, when the birds were most active. They found that birds in towns or cities, which have lots of light pollution, sing for 50 minutes longer every day on average. They start about 20 minutes earlier in the morning and then continue for about 30 minutes more in the evening. Not all birds respond (反应) to artificial light the same way. Birds with larger eyes seemed more sensitive (敏感) to it. American robins, Australian magpie-larks and European goldfinches stay active much longer than average. But small-eyed birds like sparrows showed less change. More study is needed on how birds are influenced. For example, Dr Brent Pease from Southern Illinois University said nobody knows yet if less sleep harms birds. He pointed out, “Birds have developed smart ways to deal with loss of sleep during migratory (迁徙) periods.” 1．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Street lamp. B．Light pollution. C．Longer daytime. D．Natural darkness. 2．To find out how light pollution influences birds’ activity, the scientists ________. A．collected birds’ sleep recordings B．counted birds with AI in different places C．watched how birds sing D．studied bird calls and light pollution data 3．What can we learn from Brent Pease’s words in the last paragraph? A．Further research is required. B．Light pollution does harm birds. C．Birds can’t solve loss of sleep. D．The university supports him a lot. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Why birds are sensitive to light. B．Light pollution changes birds’ kinds. C．How AI helps study birds’ sounds. D．City lights keep birds singing longer. 三、阅读还原 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一项是多余的。 Plastic pollution is a serious problem, and it’s getting worse. Plastic can stay for many years. Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly, but the best way for now is to use less plastic. 1 Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. Every year, people use tons of plastic bags worldwide. 2 Other countries make customers pay for them. Say no to the straw (吸管). A study showed that around 8. 3 billion plastic straws cover the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. Don’t buy bottled water. 3 Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute. The problem is so bad that in some countries, stores aren’t allowed to sell bottled water any more. 4 Most things you buy come in plastic packaging. It’s almost everywhere. But there is something you can do, too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic. Recycle what you can. You can’t recycle all plastic things. But it is possible to start small. For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags. In some countries, machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle. A．Carry a reusable water bottle with you. B．Avoid plastic packaging. C．Some countries try to stop using plastic bags. D．Plastic is only used for food packaging in daily life. E．Here are five tips that can help you. $ Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 课时1 Listening & Speaking分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. pollution n.污染 2. union n.同盟;联盟 3. awareness n.知道 ； 认识；意识；兴趣 4.w hale n.鲸 5. dolphin n.海豚 6. giraffe n.长颈鹿 7. everywhere adv.处处，到处，各个地方 8. several det., pron.几个，数个 9. eagle n.雕;鹰 10 .environmental protection环境保护 11 .different kinds of pollution各类污染 12 . light pollution光污染 13 .air pollution 空气污染 14 . soil pollution土壤污染 15 .noise pollution噪音污染 16 . w ater pollution水污染 17 .set up建立；设立 18 .make great efforts in doing努力做..... 1 9 .be harmful to对...有害 20 .take actions to do sth采取行动做… 21 . an article about一篇关于…的文章 22 . cut do w n砍倒；削减 23 . start a family安家 句型 1.As the city has made great efforts in fighting against air pollution for these years, people can see much clearer sky now. 这些年来，这座城市大力治理空气污染，现在人们能看到清澈得多的天空了。 2.Noise pollution not only causes many health problems in humans hearing, but also harms animals, especially whales and dolphins in the ocean. 噪音污染不仅会给人类听力带来诸多健康问题，还会伤害动物，尤其是海洋里的鲸鱼和海豚。 3.Light pollution can be harmful to the health of people and animals. More people are taking actions to reduce it and bring back the natural sky. 光污染会危害人类和动物的健康。越来越多的人正在采取行动减少光污染，重现自然的夜空。 ) ( 4.You look serious. What has happened?你神情很严肃，发生什么事了？ →I ’ ve read an article about water pollution.我读了一篇关于水污染的文章。 5.What does it say?文章说了些什么？ →Unsafe water has made many people sick in the past few years and water pollution is putting our health at risk.过去几年里，不安全的水源已经让很多人生病，水污染正威胁着我们的健康。 6.Now, I have enough leaves to eat because people have planted trees everywhere. 现在我有足够的树叶可以吃了，因为人们到处都种上了树。 7.But recently, people have stopped cutting down trees and I can find a good place to live in and start a family. 不过最近人们不再砍伐树木了，我可以找到一个好住处，安家繁衍。 8.In the past, water pollution was a big problem. In recent years, I have seen people’s efforts to make the sea clean again. 过去，水污染是一大难题。近些年来，我看到人们为让大海重归洁净所付出的努力。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.pollution 2.union 3.awareness 4.whale 5.dolphin 6.giraffe 7.everywhere 8.several 9.eagle 二、词组默写。 1.environmental protection 2.different kinds of pollution 3. light pollution 4.air pollution 5. soil pollution 6.noise pollution 7. water pollution 8.set up 9.make great efforts in doing 10.be harmful to 11.take actions to do sth 12. an article about 13. cut down 14. start a family 三、根据要求完成句子 1． have planted 2． do harm 3．Problem 4．putting 5． What does 6． to clean 7．reduce 8．using 9． How can 10．planted 四、补全对话 1．in danger 2．laws 3．takes action 4．save 5．changes 一、完形填空 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．B 二、选词填空 1．stars 2．can’t 3．helpful 4．But 5．no 6．about 7．hurt 8．trying 9．better 10．up 三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子 1．pollute 2．harms 3．reduce 4．to protect 5．to act 6．responsibility 一、短文填空 1．others 2．harmful 3．sick 4．has caused 5．will be 二、阅读理解 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 三、阅读还原 1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B $ Unit 2 Greener Planet, Better Home 课时1 Listening & Speaking分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. pollution n.污染 2. union n.同盟;联盟 3. awareness n.知道 ； 认识；意识；兴趣 4.w hale n.鲸 5. dolphin n.海豚 6. giraffe n.长颈鹿 7. everywhere adv.处处，到处，各个地方 8. several det., pron.几个，数个 9. eagle n.雕;鹰 10 .environmental protection环境保护 11 .different kinds of pollution各类污染 12 . light pollution光污染 13 .air pollution 空气污染 14 . soil pollution土壤污染 15 .noise pollution噪音污染 16 . w ater pollution水污染 17 .set up建立；设立 18 .make great efforts in doing努力做..... 1 9 .be harmful to对...有害 20 .take actions to do sth采取行动做… 21 . an article about一篇关于…的文章 22 . cut do w n砍倒；削减 23 . start a family安家 句型 1.As the city has made great efforts in fighting against air pollution for these years, people can see much clearer sky now. 这些年来，这座城市大力治理空气污染，现在人们能看到清澈得多的天空了。 2.Noise pollution not only causes many health problems in humans hearing, but also harms animals, especially whales and dolphins in the ocean. 噪音污染不仅会给人类听力带来诸多健康问题，还会伤害动物，尤其是海洋里的鲸鱼和海豚。 3.Light pollution can be harmful to the health of people and animals. More people are taking actions to reduce it and bring back the natural sky. 光污染会危害人类和动物的健康。越来越多的人正在采取行动减少光污染，重现自然的夜空。 ) ( 4.You look serious. What has happened?你神情很严肃，发生什么事了？ →I ’ ve read an article about water pollution.我读了一篇关于水污染的文章。 5.What does it say?文章说了些什么？ →Unsafe water has made many people sick in the past few years and water pollution is putting our health at risk.过去几年里，不安全的水源已经让很多人生病，水污染正威胁着我们的健康。 6.Now, I have enough leaves to eat because people have planted trees everywhere. 现在我有足够的树叶可以吃了，因为人们到处都种上了树。 7.But recently, people have stopped cutting down trees and I can find a good place to live in and start a family. 不过最近人们不再砍伐树木了，我可以找到一个好住处，安家繁衍。 8.In the past, water pollution was a big problem. In recent years, I have seen people’s efforts to make the sea clean again. 过去，水污染是一大难题。近些年来，我看到人们为让大海重归洁净所付出的努力。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.__________________ n.污染 2.__________________ n.同盟;联盟 3.__________________ n.知道；认识；意识；兴趣 4.__________________ n.鲸 5.__________________ n.海豚 6.__________________ n.长颈鹿 7.__________________ adv.处处，到处，各个地方 8.__________________ det., pron.几个，数个 9.__________________ n.雕;鹰 【答案】 1.pollution 2.union 3.awareness 4.whale 5.dolphin 6.giraffe 7.everywhere 8.several 9.eagle 二、词组默写。 1._______________________环境保护 2._______________________各类污染 3. _______________________光污染 4._______________________空气污染 5. _______________________土壤污染 6._______________________噪音污染 7. _______________________水污染 8._______________________建立；设立 9._______________________努力做..... 10._______________________对...有害 11._______________________采取行动做… 12. _______________________一篇关于…的文章 13. _______________________砍倒；削减 14. _______________________安家 【答案】 1.environmental protection 2.different kinds of pollution 3. light pollution 4.air pollution 5. soil pollution 6.noise pollution 7. water pollution 8.set up 9.make great efforts in doing 10.be harmful to 11.take actions to do sth 12. an article about 13. cut down 14. start a family 三、根据要求完成句子 1．We started to plant trees to protect the environment three years ago. (用since three years ago改写) We _______ _______ trees to protect the environment since three years ago. 【答案】 have planted 【详解】句意：三年前我们开始植树来保护环境。用since three years ago改写， 时态是现在完成时，结构为主语+have/has+过去分词。主语为“We”，助动词用have；plant的过去分词是planted。应填have；planted。 2．Plastic bags are harmful to the environment. (改为同义句) Plastic bags _______ _______ to the environment. 【答案】 do harm 【详解】句意：塑料袋对环境有害。固定短语be harmful to=do harm to，二者同义，均表示“对……有害”；主语plastic bags是复数，一般现在时动词用原形do。 3．过去，水污染是一个大问题。 In the past, water pollution was a big ________. 【答案】problem 【详解】原句中“问题”是关键词，对应的英文单词是problem。空格前有不定冠词a，表明此处应填入单数形式。 4．水污染正在将我们的健康置于危险之中。 Water pollution is ________ our health at risk. 【答案】putting 【详解】原句中“正在将……置于危险之中”是关键词，表示“将……置于危险之中”的短语是“put...at risk”。本句为现在进行时，主语“Water pollution”为第三人称单数，be动词用“is”，后接现在分词。故填putting。 5．The girl volunteers to protect animals. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the girl volunteer to do? 【答案】 What does 【详解】句意：这个女孩自愿去保护动物。划线部分为“protect animals”，是志愿做的事情，对动作内容提问用疑问词what。原句主语the girl是第三人称单数，谓语动词volunteers为一般现在时的实义动词三单形式，变特殊疑问句需要借助助动词does放在疑问词后，助动词后谓语动词还原为原形volunteer，故填 What；does。 6．We can reuse water to clean the toilet.（同义句转换） We can use water ________ ________ the toilet again. 【答案】 to clean 【详解】句意：我们可以重复用水来清洗厕所。原句中的reuse意为“重复使用”，可以拆解为“use…again”（再次使用），use sth. to do sth.，意为“用某物做某事”，其中动词不定式to do表目的，因此填to clean。 7．减少意味着尽量少产生垃圾。 To ________ means trying to produce less trash. 【答案】reduce 【详解】原句中“减少”是关键词，表示“减少”的单词是reduce。本句中To后接动词原形构成动词不定式作主语，因此填reduce。 8．我们可以通过使用更少的塑料袋来减少垃圾。 We can reduce trash by ________ fewer plastic bags. 【答案】using 【详解】原句中“通过使用更少的塑料袋”表示方式或手段，英文中常用介词by后接动名词(doing)来表达“通过……方式”。空格前已有介词by，因此后面需要填动名词形式。“使用”对应的动词是use，其动名词为using。故填using。 9．We can protect the earth by saving water. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______ we protect the earth? 【答案】 How can 【详解】句意：我们可以通过节约用水来保护地球。划线部分“by saving water”是方式状语，对方式提问要用疑问词How；原句含有情态动词can，变疑问句时直接把can提到主语we前面即可。 10．现在，我已经有足够的树叶吃了，因为人们已经在各处种了树。 Now, I have enough leaves to eat because people have ________ trees everywhere. 【答案】planted 【详解】原句中“种了树”是关键词，对应的英文为plant trees，本句时态为现在完成时，plant应变为planted。故填planted。 四、补全对话 阅读下面对话，从方框中选用恰当的单词或短语填空（每个单词或短语只能用一次）。 save  laws  in danger  takes action  changes Susan: I have just read a report on wild animals. Sadly, they are 1 . Emma: What a pity! Are there any 2 to protect them? Susan: Yes. Our government 3 in time to help them. Emma: What can we students do to 4 wildlife? Susan: We can record the 5 in their numbers. Emma: I hope all the wild animals can live happily and safely in nature. 【答案】1．in danger 2．laws 3．takes action 4．save 5．changes 【导语】本文是Susan和Emma的对话，围绕野生动物的生存现状、保护措施展开交流，表达了对野生动物保护的关注与期望。 【详解】1．句意：我刚读了一篇关于野生动物的报道。遗憾的是，它们正处于危险之中。根据前文“Sadly”和语境，此处表示野生动物的生存状态，“in danger”是固定短语，意为 “处于危险中”，符合语境。 2．句意：真遗憾！有什么保护它们的法律吗？ 根据后文“to protect them”，此处询问保护野生动物的相关规则，“laws” (法律) 符合语境，且“any”后可接复数名词。 3．句意：是的。我们的政府及时采取行动帮助它们。句子缺少谓语动词，主语“Our government”为单数，“takes action”是固定短语，意为 “采取行动”，符合语境。 4．句意：我们学生能做些什么来拯救野生动物呢？此处不定式作目的状语，结合语境，“save” (拯救) 符合 “保护野生动物” 的主题，意为 “做某事来拯救……”。 5．句意：我们可以记录它们数量的变化。根据后文“in their numbers”，此处表示数量的相关情况，“changes” (变化) 符合语境，指记录数量的变化情况。 一、完形填空 In today’s world, almost everyone knows that air pollution is harmful to people’s health. 1 not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans’ health. People who work and live in 2 conditions may go deaf. For example, many of the workers who 3 newspapers and books go deaf. Quite a few people living near 4 also have hearing loss. Recently it was reported that many 5 in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do, because these young people always listen to 6 pop music. Making a loud noise in 7 is also a kind of pollution. It not only disturbs (打扰) 8 but also does great harm to people’s hearing. Cars and 9 also produce too much noise. Such pollution makes people feel uncomfortable and unpleasant, and it can even cause them to become 10 or deaf. Nowadays many countries are trying to solve all sorts of environmental problems, including noise pollution. 1．A．And B．But C．Or 2．A．good B．quiet C．noisy 3．A．read B．print C．works for 4．A．schools B．libraries C．airports 5．A．babies B．patients C．teenagers 6．A．loud B．soft C．nice 7．A．public B．time C．class 8．A．others B．you C．children 9．A．bicycles B．machines C．planets (星球) 10．A．brave B．sick C．outgoing 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍噪音污染的危害。 1．句意：但是并不是所有人都知道噪音也是一种污染，对人们的健康有害。 And和；But但是；Or或者。根据空前后句的句意可知，此处句意发生了转折。故选B。 2．句意：在吵闹的环境中工作和生活的人们可能会变聋。 good好的；quiet安静的；noisy吵闹的。根据“may go deaf”可知，此处指吵闹的环境。故选C。 3．句意：例如，许多印刷报纸和书的工人就变聋了。 read阅读；print印刷；works for为……工作。主语是复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形，排除C；根据上文“noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans’ health”可知，噪音也是一种污染，所以此处表示许多印刷报纸和书的工人就变聋了。故选B。 4．句意：住在机场附近的很多人听力也丧失了。 schools学校；libraries图书馆；airports机场。根据上文“noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans’ health”可知，噪音也是一种污染，所以此处指噪音较大的地方，即机场。故选C。 5．句意：最近据报道说，在美国很多青少年的听力不比65岁的老人好，因为这些年轻人总是听声音很大的流行音乐。 babies婴儿；patients病人；teenagers青少年。根据空后的“these young people”可知，此处指青少年。故选C。 6．句意：最近据报道说，在美国很多青少年的听力不比65岁的老人好，因为这些年轻人总是听声音很大的流行音乐。 loud大声的；soft柔软的；nice好的。根据“Recently it was reported that many…in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do”并结合选项可知，这些年轻人的听力不比65岁的老人好，可推知，这是他们总是听声音很大的流行音乐造成的。故选A。 7．句意：在公众场合发出很大的声音也是一种污染。 public公共，公众；time时间；class班级。根据“Making a loud noise in”可知，此处指在公众场合发出很大的声音也是一种污染。故选A。 8．句意：它不仅打扰别人，而且对人们的听力造成极大的伤害。 others其他人，别人；you你，你们；children孩子们。根据“does great harm to people’s hearing”可知，此处指打扰别人。故选A。 9．句意：汽车和机器也产生很多的噪音。 bicycles自行车；machines机器；planets星球。根据“also produce too much noise”并结合选项可知，机器也产生很多的噪音。故选B。 10．句意：这样的污染使人们感到不舒服、不愉快，它甚至还能使人们生病或者变聋。 brave勇敢的；sick生病的；outgoing外向的。根据“Such pollution makes people feel uncomfortable and unpleasant”可知，此处与噪音污染的危害有关，所以B项正确。故选B。 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 hurt help good but about can try star up no What do you see when you look at the sky at night? A long time ago, people could see lots of 1 . But now, city lights make the sky bright. Because of this, people in cities 2 see many stars. Light is very important and 3 for us. We need light to see things and plants need it to grow. 4 too much light is not good. We need some time with 5 light to sleep well. Long ago, nights were much darker. Now, nights are like days because of all the lights. Some scientists are worried 6 that, because they think this can 7 our health. Then comes the concept (概念) of light pollution. Light pollution can also hurt animals. Birds and insects can be in danger if there is too much light at night. Luckily, scientists are 8 to find ways to reduce light pollution. This can help us live 9 . For example, many street lights now have covers on them. These covers make the light go down to the ground and not 10 into the sky. This helps save energy too. We should all think about how to use light properly. Less light pollution is good for us and for nature. 【答案】 1．stars 2．can’t 3．helpful 4．But 5．no 6．about 7．hurt 8．trying 9．better 10．up 【导语】本文探讨了光污染问题。过去人们能看到满天繁星，如今城市灯光使夜空变亮，人们难以看到星星。光虽重要，但过度光照会影响健康，伤害动物，形成光污染。幸运的是，科学家正在努力寻找减少光污染的方法，如给路灯加罩使光向下照射，这既能节省能源，也有益于人类和自然。 【详解】1．句意：很久以前，人们能看到许多星星。lots of后需接可数名词复数。根据上下文，夜晚仰望天空看到的应是“星星”。备选词“star”符合语义，其复数形式为stars。 2．句意：正因为如此，城市里的人看不到很多星星。此处需要一个情态动词的否定形式表示“不能”。根据上下文，城市灯光太亮，人们“不能”看到很多星星。备选词“can”的否定形式为can’t。 3．句意：光对我们来说非常重要且有益。be helpful for是固定搭配，意为“对……有益”。此处需要一个形容词与important并列作表语。根据上下文，光能照明、助植物生长，说明是“有益的”。备选词“help”的形容词形式为helpful。 4．句意：但是过多的光并不好。此处需要一个连词表示转折关系。根据上下文，前文说光重要，后文说过多光不好，构成转折，“但是”符合逻辑。备选词“but”符合语义，句首单词首字母需大写。 5．句意：我们需要一些时间在无光的环境中好好睡觉。with no light意为“没有光”。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词light，表示“没有”。根据上下文，好好睡觉需要“没有”光的环境。备选词“no”符合语义。 6．句意：一些科学家对此感到担忧。be worried about是固定搭配，意为“对……感到担忧”。此处需要一个介词与worried搭配。根据上下文，科学家担忧的是“关于”光污染这件事。备选词“about”符合语义和搭配。 7．句意：因为他们认为这会损害我们的健康。can后接动词原形，此处需要一个动词表示对健康的影响。根据上下文，过多光照会“损害”健康。备选词“hurt”符合语义。 8．句意：幸运的是，科学家正在努力寻找减少光污染的方法。try to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”。此处需要现在分词与are构成现在进行时。根据上下文，科学家“正在努力”寻找方法。备选词“try”符合语义，其现在分词形式为trying。 9．句意：这可以帮助我们生活得更好。此处需要一个副词比较级修饰动词live，表示生活得“更好”。根据上下文，减少光污染能让生活更“好”。备选词“good”的比较级形式为better。 10．句意：这些盖子使光向下照射到地面，而不是向上射向天空。此处需要一个副词修饰动词go，表示“向上”。go up into the sky意为“向上进入天空”。根据上下文，灯罩让光向下而非“向上”照射。备选词“up”符合语义。 三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子              pollute, harm, reduce, protect, act, responsible 1．Factories the air with smoke every day. 2．Noise and light pollution people’s daily lives. 3．We should the use of plastic products as much as possible. 4．It’s necessary endangered animals from being killed. 5．We need now to stop the environment from getting worse. 6．It’s our to make the earth a better home. 【答案】1．pollute 2．harms 3．reduce 4．to protect 5．to act 6．responsibility 【详解】1．句意：工厂每天用烟雾污染空气。根据“the air with smoke”可知，此处介绍烟雾对空气的不良影响，pollute表示“污染”，根据“every day”可知句子为一般现在时，主语Factories是复数，谓语动词用原形。 2．句意：噪音污染和光污染危害人们的日常生活。污染对人们的生活有害，harm“损害，伤害”；句子描述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语“Noise and light pollution”中心词为pollution，为单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式harms。 3．句意：我们应当尽可能减少塑料制品的使用。根据“the use of plastic products”和备选词可知，此处指减少塑料制品使用，情态动词should后接动词原形，reduce表示“减少”，因此填reduce。 4．句意：我们有必要保护濒危动物免遭猎杀。根据“endangered animals from being killed”可知，此处指保护濒危动物，protect表示“保护”，固定句型It’s necessary to do sth.，意为“做某事是有必要的”，因此填to protect。 5．句意：我们现在需要行动起来，阻止环境持续恶化。根据“to stop the environment from getting worse”可知，此处指采取措施或行动，act表示“行动”，固定搭配need to do sth.，意为“需要做某事”，因此填to act。 6．句意：让地球成为更美好的家园是我们的责任。根据“make the earth a better home”可知，此处强调一种责任或义务，形容词性物主代词our后接名词，responsible表示“有责任心的”，名词形式为responsibility，意为“责任”，因此填responsibility。 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is pollution? Dirty air, waste water, litter and other dirty things are all pollution. We can see some of them, but 1 (other) we can’t. People have created lots of pollution and you can see it almost everywhere on the planet, even far places like the Arctic which are badly polluted by 2 (harm) chemicals made by people. Scientist have found the chemicals-in the bodies-of polar bears (北极熊), seals (海豹) and the people who live with them. Pollution has killed many animals and made others 3 (sick). It has also killed people and made them ill, too. There’s nowhere on the planet left without pollution, even at the bottom of the sea or high up in the air. Pollution 4 (cause) many problems and the government of many countries are trying to solve them. With less pollution our world 5 (be) better, so please protect our environment. Let’s work together to make our world more beautiful. 【答案】1．others 2．harmful 3．sick 4．has caused 5．will be 【导语】本文是一篇关于环境污染的文章。水污染、空气污染、废弃物污染，样样都无处不在，甚至北极地区都发现了有害的化学物质。许多国家都致力于解决这些污染问题。没有污染，我们的世界会更好，所以请保护我们的环境。 【详解】1．句意：我们可以看见他们中的一些，但是另一些我们看不到。根据“We can see some of them, but”可知，另一些污染是看不到的，此处填others“另一些”。故填others。 2．句意：即使是遥远的地方，如北极地区，也被人类制造的有害化学物质严重污染。此处应该用形容词修饰名词chemicals，harm的形容词形式为harmful。故填harmful。 3．句意：污染杀死了许多动物，并使其他动物生病。由固定搭配make sth.+adj.“使某物怎么样”可知，此处填形容词。故填sick。 4．句意：污染带来了许多问题，许多国家的政府正在努力解决这些问题。“政府正在努力解决这些问题”是“污染带来了很多问题”对现在的影响，所以“污染带来了很多问题”应该用现在完成时have/has+done，pollution不可数名词作主语视为单数，助动词用has，cause的过去分词为caused。故填has caused。 5．句意：污染越少，我们的世界就会越美好，所以请保护我们的环境。根据“With less pollution our world…better”可知是世界将会更好，此处应该用一般将来时，即will+动词原形。故填will be。 二、阅读理解 Birds in cities stay awake longer, according to a new study. It found that birds in light-polluted areas are active for longer each day than those in the countryside, where there is less artificial (人工的) light. Light pollution is when there’s lots of artificial light from street lamps, buildings and cars. This brightens the natural darkness and can trick animals into thinking the day is longer than it really is. Scientists studied over four million bird calls from BirdWeather, a citizen-science project. People send birdsong recordings to it, and AI helps identify (识别) the sounds. BirdWeather then uses that information to study how birds behave and how their numbers change. Scientists also compared the information with light pollution data (数据) from satellite images. Researchers listened to birdsong in the mornings and evenings, when the birds were most active. They found that birds in towns or cities, which have lots of light pollution, sing for 50 minutes longer every day on average. They start about 20 minutes earlier in the morning and then continue for about 30 minutes more in the evening. Not all birds respond (反应) to artificial light the same way. Birds with larger eyes seemed more sensitive (敏感) to it. American robins, Australian magpie-larks and European goldfinches stay active much longer than average. But small-eyed birds like sparrows showed less change. More study is needed on how birds are influenced. For example, Dr Brent Pease from Southern Illinois University said nobody knows yet if less sleep harms birds. He pointed out, “Birds have developed smart ways to deal with loss of sleep during migratory (迁徙) periods.” 1．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Street lamp. B．Light pollution. C．Longer daytime. D．Natural darkness. 2．To find out how light pollution influences birds’ activity, the scientists ________. A．collected birds’ sleep recordings B．counted birds with AI in different places C．watched how birds sing D．studied bird calls and light pollution data 3．What can we learn from Brent Pease’s words in the last paragraph? A．Further research is required. B．Light pollution does harm birds. C．Birds can’t solve loss of sleep. D．The university supports him a lot. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Why birds are sensitive to light. B．Light pollution changes birds’ kinds. C．How AI helps study birds’ sounds. D．City lights keep birds singing longer. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了研究表明城市光污染会延长鸟类活动时间，科学家结合鸟鸣录音与卫星光污染数据展开研究，城市鸟类平均每日鸣叫多出50分钟。不同鸟类对人工光敏感度不同，目前光污染对鸟类睡眠的长期影响仍需更多研究。 【详解】1．根据前一句“Light pollution is when there’s lots of artificial light…”可知，划线词This指代前一句的主语概念，即“光污染”。 2．根据第三段“Scientists studied over four million bird calls… Scientists also compared the information with light pollution data from satellite images.”可知，科学家研究了超过四百万次鸟叫声，并将这些信息与卫星图像中的光污染数据进行了对比。 3．根据最后一段“More study is needed on how birds are influenced.”以及Dr. Brent Pease所说的“nobody knows yet if less sleep harms birds”，可知还需要进一步的研究。 4．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项新研究，发现城市的人造光污染导致鸟类每天保持活跃和鸣叫的时间变长，因此“城市灯光让鸟儿鸣叫更久”最适合做本文的标题。 三、阅读还原 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一项是多余的。 Plastic pollution is a serious problem, and it’s getting worse. Plastic can stay for many years. Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly, but the best way for now is to use less plastic. 1 Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. Every year, people use tons of plastic bags worldwide. 2 Other countries make customers pay for them. Say no to the straw (吸管). A study showed that around 8. 3 billion plastic straws cover the world’s beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one. Don’t buy bottled water. 3 Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute. The problem is so bad that in some countries, stores aren’t allowed to sell bottled water any more. 4 Most things you buy come in plastic packaging. It’s almost everywhere. But there is something you can do, too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic. Recycle what you can. You can’t recycle all plastic things. But it is possible to start small. For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags. In some countries, machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle. A．Carry a reusable water bottle with you. B．Avoid plastic packaging. C．Some countries try to stop using plastic bags. D．Plastic is only used for food packaging in daily life. E．Here are five tips that can help you. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了塑料污染的严重性，并提出了五个减少塑料使用的实用建议。 【详解】1．前文提出目前应对塑料污染最好的方式是少用塑料，后文列举具体做法，E选项“Here are five tips that can help you.”引出下文的建议，符合逻辑。 2．本段围绕塑料袋展开，空后提及“其他国家让顾客为塑料袋付费”，C选项“Some countries try to stop using plastic bags.”和后文“Other countries make customers pay for them.”形成对应，符合语境。 3．前文建议不要买瓶装水，后文说明塑料瓶污染严重，A选项“Carry a reusable water bottle with you.”给出替代方案，衔接主题，符合要求。 4．本段内容围绕塑料包装展开，提到大多数商品都有塑料包装，并建议避免购买塑料包装的果蔬，此处应为段落主题句，B选项“Avoid plastic packaging.”点出本段建议，契合内容。 $