Unit 3 课时3 Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies（分层作业）英语新教材仁爱科普版九年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，以A组巩固、B组进阶、C组拔高及拓展中考为分层框架，构建从词汇句型到语篇综合的知识巩固路径，兼顾语言能力夯实与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇/基础语法|通过词组默写、单项选择及单词填空巩固被动语态等基础考点| |B组|语篇理解/交际应用|完形填空、阅读理解及补全对话提升语篇分析与语境表达能力| |C组|综合语篇填空|选词与短文填空深化对 discovery/invention 等概念的逻辑运用| |拓展|中考题型对接|链接中考真题，强化应试能力与知识迁移应用|

Unit 3 Great Ideas 课时3 Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. Greek adj.希腊的 2. philosopher n.哲学家 3. image n.图像;影像 4. discovery n.发现：发觉 5 . practice doing sth 练习做某事 6 . day and night日日夜夜；夜以继日 7 . all kinds of各种各样的 8 . solve the problem 解决问题 9 . lead to 导致；引起；通向 10 . bring about 引起；导致；造成 11 . in order to 为了（后接动词原形） 12 . show great interest in 对…… 表现出浓厚的兴趣 13 . electronic system 电子系统 1 4 . be different from 与…… 不同 1 5 . take…as examples 以…… 为例 16 . in one's case就某人的情况而言 1 7 . see the difference看出区别；发现差异 句型 1. Xiaoxiao practices drawing day and night.晓晓夜以继日地练习画画。 2. Her family buys her all kinds of painting materials and hangs her drawings everywhere! 她的家人给她买各种各样的绘画材料，还把她的画到处张贴！ 3. This means that a need or a problem encourages creative efforts to meet the need or solve the problem.这就意味着，一种需求或者一个问题，会激发人们去创造性地努力，以此来满足需求或者解决问题。 4. From an early age,he showed great interest in television. 他从小就对电视表现出浓厚的兴趣。 5. However,in Edison's case, there was no light bulb in the world before Edison created it. 然而，就爱迪生的情况而言，在爱迪生发明灯泡之前，世界上还没有灯泡。 ) 一、词组默写。 1.practice doing sth 2.day and night 3.all kinds of 4.solve the problem 5.lead to  6.bring about 7.in order to 8.show great interest in 9.electronic system 10.be different from 11.take…as examples 12.in one's case 13.see the difference 二、单项选择 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 三、用所给单词适当形式天空 1．were invented 2．wooden 3．are used 4．was invented 5．development 四、完成句子 1． was invented 2．bamboo slips 3．brought 4．improved 5．are made of 一、完形填空 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 二、阅读理解 A 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 三、补全对话 1．What does it mean 2．Which ancient invention do you like best 3．What was it used for 4．what did sailors depend on 5．What is your hope for new inventions 一、选词填空 1．ancient 2．greatest 3．magnetic 4．sailors 5．depend 6．was invented 7．trade 8．developed 9．invention 10．knowledge 11．development 12．traditional 13．solve 14．discoveries 15．world 二、短文填空 1．that 2．brought 3．creation 4．invented 5．between 6．discovered 7．created 8．is 9．while 10．Understanding ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Great Ideas 课时3 Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. Greek adj.希腊的 2. philosopher n.哲学家 3. image n.图像;影像 4. discovery n.发现：发觉 5 . practice doing sth 练习做某事 6 . day and night日日夜夜；夜以继日 7 . all kinds of各种各样的 8 . solve the problem 解决问题 9 . lead to 导致；引起；通向 10 . bring about 引起；导致；造成 11 . in order to 为了（后接动词原形） 12 . show great interest in 对…… 表现出浓厚的兴趣 13 . electronic system 电子系统 1 4 . be different from 与…… 不同 1 5 . take…as examples 以…… 为例 16 . in one's case就某人的情况而言 1 7 . see the difference看出区别；发现差异 句型 1. Xiaoxiao practices drawing day and night.晓晓夜以继日地练习画画。 2. Her family buys her all kinds of painting materials and hangs her drawings everywhere! 她的家人给她买各种各样的绘画材料，还把她的画到处张贴！ 3. This means that a need or a problem encourages creative efforts to meet the need or solve the problem.这就意味着，一种需求或者一个问题，会激发人们去创造性地努力，以此来满足需求或者解决问题。 4. From an early age,he showed great interest in television. 他从小就对电视表现出浓厚的兴趣。 5. However,in Edison's case, there was no light bulb in the world before Edison created it. 然而，就爱迪生的情况而言，在爱迪生发明灯泡之前，世界上还没有灯泡。 ) 一、词组默写。 1._________________________练习做某事 2._________________________日日夜夜；夜以继日 3._________________________各种各样的 4._________________________解决问题 5._________________________导致；引起；通向 6._________________________引起；导致；造成 7._________________________为了（后接动词原形） 8._________________________对…… 表现出浓厚的兴趣 9._________________________电子系统 10._________________________与…… 不同 11._________________________以…… 为例 12._________________________就某人的情况而言 13._________________________看出区别；发现差异二、单项选择 1．The light bulb _________ the world around us bright at night. A．makes B．make C．is made D．was made 2．— The park is so beautiful! — It will be more beautiful if more trees and grass ________ in the future. A．plant B．plants C．is planted D．are planted 3．A big party ________ to celebrate our class winning the first prize. A．hold B．was held C．will be held D．holds 4．Many art works _________ by young people today. A．create B．created C．are created D．were created 5．The ancient city wall of Xi’an ________ by the people in the Ming Dynasty. A．built B．was built C．builds D．was building 三、用所给单词适当形式天空 1．Potato chips _________ (invent) by George Crum in 1853. 2．In the old days, many ________ (wood) houses were built. 3．Post-it notes _________ (use) all over the world now. 4．The airplane _________ (invent) by the Wright brothers in 1903. 5．The ________ (develop) of technology has brought many changes. 四、完成句子 1．指南针是中国发明的。 The compass ________ ________ in China . 2．在纸被发明之前，人们在沉重的竹简和昂贵的丝绸上书写。 Before paper was invented, people wrote on heavy ________ and expensive silk. 3． 对通讯的需求催生了电话。 The need for communication ________ about the telephone. 4．东汉时期，造纸术被蔡伦改进了。 During the Eastern Han Dynasty, paper-making technology was ________ by Cai Lun. 5．孔明灯是由竹子制成的，外面覆盖着一层纸。 Kongming lanterns ________ bamboo and covered with a layer of paper. 一、完形填空 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 The Greek philosopher Plato once said, “Need is the mother of invention.” This 1 that a need or a problem encourages creative efforts to 2 the need or solve the problem. For example, the need for 3 brought about the telephone, and the need for entertainment led to the 4 of the television. To solve the problem of seeing in the dark, people invented the light bulb. There is a difference 5 a discovery and an invention. Columbus 6 America, but the land existed long before he found it. 7 , in Edison’s case, there was no light bulb in the world before he created it. A discovery finds something that is 8 there, while an invention creates something new. Both discoveries and inventions are 9 for human progress. They help us understand the world and 10 it. 1．A．says B．means C．tells D．speaks 2．A．meet B．make C．take D．give 3．A．entertainment B．transportation C．communication D．education 4．A．creation B．invention C．discovery D．solution 5．A．with B．between C．among D．of 6．A．invented B．created C．discovered D．found 7．A．So B．But C．Because D．Although 8．A．already B．never C．still D．yet 9．A．difficult B．easy C．important D．boring 10．A．change B．keep C．break D．save 二、阅读理解 A Discovery and Invention Discovery and invention are two different concepts. A discovery is finding something that already exists but was not known before. For example, Christopher Columbus discovered America, but the land was already there. He just found it. An invention, on the other hand, is creating something that never existed before. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, which did not exist before he made it. Discovery is about finding, while invention is about creating. Both are important for human progress. Discoveries help us understand the world, and inventions help us change it. 1．What is a discovery? A．Creating something new. B．Finding something that already exists. C．Making a new invention. D．Changing something old. 2．What is an invention? A．Finding something that exists. B．Creating something that never existed. C．Discovering a new land. D．Using existing things. 3．Who discovered America? A．Thomas Edison. B．Plato. C．Christopher Columbus. D．Philo Farnsworth. 4．How is invention different from discovery? A．Invention is more important. B．Discovery is easier than invention. C．Discovery finds what exists; invention creates what didn’t exist. D．There is no difference. 5．What does the passage say about both discovery and invention? A．They are both important for human progress. B．Discovery is more useful. C．Invention is more difficult. D．Neither is important. B Using Rereading Strategy Rereading is a useful reading strategy. When you don’t understand something, you should stop and reread certain parts. For example, if you read “He believed that machines were too slow to process images,” you might ask, “What does ‘process’ mean here?” Then you can reread the sentence and think about the context. Rereading helps you understand the meaning better. It also helps you find answers to your questions. This strategy is especially helpful for understanding complex texts. By using rereading, you can improve your reading comprehension and learn more from what you read. 6．What is the purpose of rereading? A．To read faster. B．To understand better. C．To memorize words. D．To avoid reading. 7．What should you do when you don’t understand something? A．Skip it. B．Ask the teacher. C．Stop and reread. D．Guess the meaning. 8．In the example, what question might you ask? A．What is an image? B．What does “process” mean? C．Who is the author? D．When was it written? 9．What does rereading help you do? A．Read faster. B．Write better. C．Understand the meaning better. D．Speak more fluently. 10．Who is rereading especially helpful for? A．Only beginners. B．Only advanced readers. C．People reading complex texts. D．People who don’t like reading. 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个恰当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Do you know the saying “Need is the mother of invention”? B: Yes, I have heard of it. 1 ? A: It means needs push people to create new things. Let’s talk about ancient inventions. B: Sounds interesting. 2 ? A: My favorite invention is the compass. B: 3 in ancient times? A: It was used for helping sailors find directions on the sea. B: I see. Before the compass, 4 ? A: They had to depend on stars to find the right way. B: Wow, inventions really change our life. 5 ? A: I hope more new inventions will appear to help people in the future. 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 invent,   ancient,   sail,   depend,   knowledge,   develop,   move magnet,   world,   solve,   trade,   discovery,   great,   invention,   tradition China has many amazing inventions in 1 times. The four great inventions are the 2 gifts to the whole world. The compass has a small 3 needle. Long ago, 4 on the sea could not find directions easily, so they had to 5 on stars. After the compass 6 , it changed sea 7 greatly. Bi Sheng 8 movable type printing. This 9 helped people spread 10 faster. It improved the 11 of culture. These 12 technologies helped people 13 many problems. All these 14 and inventions pushed the whole 15 forward. 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 The ancient Greek philosopher Plato once said, “Necessity is the mother of invention.” This means 1 a need or a problem encourages creative efforts to meet the need or solve the problem. For example, the need for communication 2 (bring) about the telephone, and the need for entertainment led to the 3 (create) of the television. To solve the problem of seeing in the dark, people 4 (invent) the light bulb. There is a difference 5 a discovery and an invention. Christopher Columbus 6 (discover) America, but the land existed long before he found it. However, in Edison’s case, there was no light bulb in the world before he 7 (create) it. A discovery finds something that 8 (be) already there, 9 an invention creates something new. 10 (understand) this difference helps us better appreciate the work of both explorers and inventors. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Great Ideas 课时3 Thinking Skills & Reading Strategies 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 ( 词汇 1. Greek adj.希腊的 2. philosopher n.哲学家 3. image n.图像;影像 4. discovery n.发现：发觉 5 . practice doing sth 练习做某事 6 . day and night日日夜夜；夜以继日 7 . all kinds of各种各样的 8 . solve the problem 解决问题 9 . lead to 导致；引起；通向 10 . bring about 引起；导致；造成 11 . in order to 为了（后接动词原形） 12 . show great interest in 对…… 表现出浓厚的兴趣 13 . electronic system 电子系统 1 4 . be different from 与…… 不同 1 5 . take…as examples 以…… 为例 16 . in one's case就某人的情况而言 1 7 . see the difference看出区别；发现差异 句型 1. Xiaoxiao practices drawing day and night.晓晓夜以继日地练习画画。 2. Her family buys her all kinds of painting materials and hangs her drawings everywhere! 她的家人给她买各种各样的绘画材料，还把她的画到处张贴！ 3. This means that a need or a problem encourages creative efforts to meet the need or solve the problem.这就意味着，一种需求或者一个问题，会激发人们去创造性地努力，以此来满足需求或者解决问题。 4. From an early age,he showed great interest in television. 他从小就对电视表现出浓厚的兴趣。 5. However,in Edison's case, there was no light bulb in the world before Edison created it. 然而，就爱迪生的情况而言，在爱迪生发明灯泡之前，世界上还没有灯泡。 ) 一、词组默写。 1._________________________练习做某事 2._________________________日日夜夜；夜以继日 3._________________________各种各样的 4._________________________解决问题 5._________________________导致；引起；通向 6._________________________引起；导致；造成 7._________________________为了（后接动词原形） 8._________________________对…… 表现出浓厚的兴趣 9._________________________电子系统 10._________________________与…… 不同 11._________________________以…… 为例 12._________________________就某人的情况而言 13._________________________看出区别；发现差异 【答案】 1.practice doing sth 2.day and night 3.all kinds of 4.solve the problem 5.lead to  6.bring about 7.in order to 8.show great interest in 9.electronic system 10.be different from 11.take…as examples 12.in one's case 13.see the difference 二、单项选择 1．The light bulb _________ the world around us bright at night. A．makes B．make C．is made D．was made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：灯泡使夜晚我们周围的世界变得明亮。makes：一般现在时（三单形式）；make：一般现在时（复数形式）；is made：一般现在时，被动语态；was made：一般过去时，被动语态。主语The light bulb是第三人称单数，且句子陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，make sth. adj.意为“使某物……”，谓语动词make使用第三人称单数形式，故填makes。 2．— The park is so beautiful! — It will be more beautiful if more trees and grass ________ in the future. A．plant B．plants C．is planted D．are planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——公园真美！——如果未来种植更多的树木和草，它将会更美。主语more trees and grass与动词plant之间是被动关系，需用被动语态be done结构，排除A、B；主语是复数概念，be动词应用are，排除C。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，此处用一般现在时。应填are planted。 3．A big party ________ to celebrate our class winning the first prize. A．hold B．was held C．will be held D．holds 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周末为庆祝我们班取得第一名举办了一场盛大的派对。hold举办；was held被举办（一般过去时被动语态）；will be held将会被举办（一般将来时被动语态）；holds举办（一般现在时）。根据句中“last weekend”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语“A big party”和动词hold是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态was held。 4．Many art works _________ by young people today. A．create B．created C．are created D．were created 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多艺术作品如今被年轻人创作。根据by young people可知主语Many art works与动词create之间是被动关系，需用被动语态“be + 过去分词结构”。根据时间状语today可知时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，be动词用are，故选C。 5．The ancient city wall of Xi’an ________ by the people in the Ming Dynasty. A．built B．was built C．builds D．was building 【答案】B 【详解】句意：西安古城墙是明朝人修建的。主语“The ancient city wall of Xi’an”与build之间为被动关系，结合“by the people in the Ming Dynasty.”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+动词的过去分词”；主语是单数，be动词用was。应填入was built。 三、用所给单词适当形式天空 1．Potato chips _________ (invent) by George Crum in 1853. 【答案】were invented 【详解】句意：薯片是1853年被乔治·克拉姆发明的。时间状语in 1853是过去的年份，句子使用一般过去时。主语Potato chips是动作“发明”的承受者，属于被动关系，要用一般过去时被动语态，固定表达为was/were+动词过去分词；Potato chips是复数可数名词，be动词选用复数形式were； invent的过去分词为invented，故填were invented。 2．In the old days, many ________ (wood) houses were built. 【答案】wooden 【详解】句意：在过去，许多木制的房子被建造起来。 空格后面是名词houses，需要用形容词修饰名词，wood是名词“木头”，它的形容词形式为wooden，表示“木制的”，故填wooden。 3．Post-it notes _________ (use) all over the world now. 【答案】are used 【详解】句意：便利贴如今在全世界都被广泛使用。主语Post-it notes（便利贴）是复数事物，和动词use构成被动关系（便利贴被使用）；一般现在时被动语态结构：am/is/are+动词过去分词；复数主语搭配are，use的过去分词为used。 4．The airplane _________ (invent) by the Wright brothers in 1903. 【答案】was invented 【详解】句意：飞机是由莱特兄弟于1903年发明的。根据句中的时间状语“in 1903”可知，本句使用一般过去时；主语“The airplane”和动词“invent”之间是被动关系，即飞机被发明，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语“The airplane”是第三人称单数，be动词用was，invent的过去分词是invented，故填was invented。 5．The ________ (develop) of technology has brought many changes. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：科技的发展带来了许多变化。空格前有定冠词The，空格后是介词of，说明此处需要填入名词，作句子的主语；develop是动词，意为“发展”，它对应的名词形式为development。 四、完成句子 1．指南针是中国发明的。 The compass ________ ________ in China . 【答案】 was invented 【详解】原句中关键词为“发明”，其对应的英文为invent；分析句子结构可知，主语“The compass”（指南针）与动词invent之间是被动关系（指南针被发明），因此需要使用被动语态，指南针的发明是过去发生的事情，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态。主语“The compass”是第三人称单数，一般过去时的be动词应选用was，动词invent的过去分词形式是invented。故填was invented。 2．在纸被发明之前，人们在沉重的竹简和昂贵的丝绸上书写。 Before paper was invented, people wrote on heavy ________ and expensive silk. 【答案】bamboo slips 【详解】原句中“竹简”是关键词，bamboo slips表示“竹简”，此处用复数表泛指。 3．对通讯的需求催生了电话。 The need for communication ________ about the telephone. 【答案】brought 【详解】原句中“催生”是关键词，bring about意为“产生、催生”，电话的发明发生在过去，本句为一般过去时，bring的过去式为brought，故填brought。 4．东汉时期，造纸术被蔡伦改进了。 During the Eastern Han Dynasty, paper-making technology was ________ by Cai Lun. 【答案】improved 【详解】原文中“改进”是关键词，对应的英文是动词improve。主语“paper-making technology”是动作improve的承受者，且句中有标志词by，说明此处需用被动语态“be+过去分词”。“东汉时期”是过去的时间，故使用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。句中已有was，横线处应填improve的过去分词improved。 5．孔明灯是由竹子制成的，外面覆盖着一层纸。 Kongming lanterns ________ bamboo and covered with a layer of paper. 【答案】are made of 【详解】原句中“由……制成”是关键词，对应短语be made of 或be made from。前者指物理变化（原材料可见），后者指化学变化（原材料不可见）。孔明灯的竹子骨架依然可见，故选用be made of。主语Kongming lanterns与“制作”之间是被动关系，且陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态。主语lanterns为复数，be动词用are。and连接并列成分，covered为过去分词，与made并列，共用助动词are。故填are made of。 一、完形填空 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 The Greek philosopher Plato once said, “Need is the mother of invention.” This 1 that a need or a problem encourages creative efforts to 2 the need or solve the problem. For example, the need for 3 brought about the telephone, and the need for entertainment led to the 4 of the television. To solve the problem of seeing in the dark, people invented the light bulb. There is a difference 5 a discovery and an invention. Columbus 6 America, but the land existed long before he found it. 7 , in Edison’s case, there was no light bulb in the world before he created it. A discovery finds something that is 8 there, while an invention creates something new. Both discoveries and inventions are 9 for human progress. They help us understand the world and 10 it. 1．A．says B．means C．tells D．speaks 2．A．meet B．make C．take D．give 3．A．entertainment B．transportation C．communication D．education 4．A．creation B．invention C．discovery D．solution 5．A．with B．between C．among D．of 6．A．invented B．created C．discovered D．found 7．A．So B．But C．Because D．Although 8．A．already B．never C．still D．yet 9．A．difficult B．easy C．important D．boring 10．A．change B．keep C．break D．save 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文引用柏拉图名言，阐述需求促进发明创造，区分发现与发明的不同，强调它们对人类进步的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：这意味着某种需求或问题会激发创造性努力来满足该需求或解决问题。 根据后文是对前文名言含义的解释，可知means符合语境。 says“说”，tells“告诉”，speaks“发言”，均无法用来解释语句内涵。 2．句意：这意味着某种需求或问题会激发创造性努力来满足该需求或解决问题。 固定搭配meet the need表示“满足需求”，可知meet符合语境。 make“制作”，take“拿取”，give“给予”，均不能与need搭配。 3．句意：例如，通信需求催生了电话，而娱乐需求则促成了电视的诞生。 电话的作用是实现人与人远距离交流，可知communication符合语境。 entertainment“娱乐”，transportation“交通”，education“教育”，均不是电话对应的需求。 4．句意：例如，通信需求催生了电话，而娱乐需求则促成了电视的诞生。 电视是被全新打造出来的事物，可知creation符合语境。 invention“发明”，discovery“发现”，solution“解决办法”，均不符合本句语境。 5．句意：发现和发明二者之间存在区别。 between…and…是“两者之间”的固定搭配，可知between符合语境。 with“和”，among“三者及以上之间”，of“属于”，均不符合搭配用法。 6．句意：哥伦布发现了美洲大陆，这片陆地在他发现之前就已经存在了。 美洲大陆原本就客观存在，发现用于找寻已有事物，可知discovered符合语境。 invented“发明”，created“创造”，found“偶然找到”，均不符语境。 7．句意：但是在爱迪生的事例中，世界上原本不存在灯泡，是他创造出了灯泡。 前一句讲发现、后一句讲发明，两句构成转折关系，可知But符合语境。 So“因此”，Because“因为”，Although“虽然”，均无法体现转折逻辑。 8．句意：发现是找到本来就已经存在的事物。 发现的事物一直客观存在，可知already符合语境。 never“从不”，still“仍然”，yet“尚且”，代入句子语义不通。 9．句意：发现和发明二者对于人类的进步都十分重要。 二者一直推动人类发展，可知important符合语境。 difficult“困难的”，easy“简单的”，boring“无聊的”，均不符合文意。 10．句意：它们帮助我们认识世界，并且改变世界。 发明与发现会改造世界样貌，可知change符合语境。 keep“保持”，break“破坏”，save“拯救”，均不符合二者的积极作用。 二、阅读理解 A Discovery and Invention Discovery and invention are two different concepts. A discovery is finding something that already exists but was not known before. For example, Christopher Columbus discovered America, but the land was already there. He just found it. An invention, on the other hand, is creating something that never existed before. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, which did not exist before he made it. Discovery is about finding, while invention is about creating. Both are important for human progress. Discoveries help us understand the world, and inventions help us change it. 1．What is a discovery? A．Creating something new. B．Finding something that already exists. C．Making a new invention. D．Changing something old. 2．What is an invention? A．Finding something that exists. B．Creating something that never existed. C．Discovering a new land. D．Using existing things. 3．Who discovered America? A．Thomas Edison. B．Plato. C．Christopher Columbus. D．Philo Farnsworth. 4．How is invention different from discovery? A．Invention is more important. B．Discovery is easier than invention. C．Discovery finds what exists; invention creates what didn’t exist. D．There is no difference. 5．What does the passage say about both discovery and invention? A．They are both important for human progress. B．Discovery is more useful. C．Invention is more difficult. D．Neither is important. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要区分发现与发明两个核心概念，搭配实例说明二者定义差异，点明发现、发明各自作用以及二者对人类进步的重要价值。 【详解】1．根据“A discovery is finding something that already exists but was not known before.”可知发现是找到已经存在的事物。 2．根据“An invention, on the other hand, is creating something that never existed before.”可知发明是创造从未存在过的事物。 3．根据“For example, Christopher Columbus discovered America...”可知，发现美洲的是哥伦布。 4．根据“Discovery is about finding, while invention is about creating.”以及前文对两者的定义可知，发现揭示已存在的事物，发明创造未曾存在的事物。 5．根据“Both are important for human progress.”可知，二者都对人类进步意义重大。 B Using Rereading Strategy Rereading is a useful reading strategy. When you don’t understand something, you should stop and reread certain parts. For example, if you read “He believed that machines were too slow to process images,” you might ask, “What does ‘process’ mean here?” Then you can reread the sentence and think about the context. Rereading helps you understand the meaning better. It also helps you find answers to your questions. This strategy is especially helpful for understanding complex texts. By using rereading, you can improve your reading comprehension and learn more from what you read. 6．What is the purpose of rereading? A．To read faster. B．To understand better. C．To memorize words. D．To avoid reading. 7．What should you do when you don’t understand something? A．Skip it. B．Ask the teacher. C．Stop and reread. D．Guess the meaning. 8．In the example, what question might you ask? A．What is an image? B．What does “process” mean? C．Who is the author? D．When was it written? 9．What does rereading help you do? A．Read faster. B．Write better. C．Understand the meaning better. D．Speak more fluently. 10．Who is rereading especially helpful for? A．Only beginners. B．Only advanced readers. C．People reading complex texts. D．People who don’t like reading. 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了重读（rereading）这一阅读策略，包括其定义、具体操作方法以及带来的好处。 【详解】6．根据文中“Rereading helps you understand the meaning better.”可知，重读的目的是为了更好地理解含义。选项B符合题意。 7．根据文中“When you don’t understand something, you should stop and reread certain parts.”可知，当你不理解某事时，应该停下来重读某些部分。选项C符合题意。 8．根据文中“For example, if you read... you might ask, What does ‘process’ mean here?'”可知，在例子中你可能会问的问题是“process 在这里是什么意思”。选项B符合题意。 9．根据文中“Rereading helps you understand the meaning better.”可知，重读能帮助你更好地理解意思。选项C符合题意。 10．根据文中“This strategy is especially helpful for understanding complex texts.”可知，这一策略对理解复杂文本的人特别有帮助。选项C符合题意。 三、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个恰当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 A: Do you know the saying “Need is the mother of invention”? B: Yes, I have heard of it. 1 ? A: It means needs push people to create new things. Let’s talk about ancient inventions. B: Sounds interesting. 2 ? A: My favorite invention is the compass. B: 3 in ancient times? A: It was used for helping sailors find directions on the sea. B: I see. Before the compass, 4 ? A: They had to depend on stars to find the right way. B: Wow, inventions really change our life. 5 ? A: I hope more new inventions will appear to help people in the future. 【答案】1．What does it mean 2．Which ancient invention do you like best 3．What was it used for 4．what did sailors depend on 5．What is your hope for new inventions 【导语】本文是A和B关于“需要是发明之母”这一谚语展开的一段对话。 【详解】1．根据A回答“It means needs push people to create new things.”，可知B是在请A解释这句谚语的含义。因此本句应为询问含义的句子，如：What does it mean。 2．根据A回答“My favorite invention is the compass.”，可知B是在询问A最喜欢的发明是什么。因此本句应为询问喜好的句子，如：Which ancient invention do you like best。 3．根据A回答“It was used for helping sailors find directions on the sea.”，可知B是在询问指南针在古代的用途。因此本句应为询问用途的句子，如：What was it used for。 4．根据A回答“They had to depend on stars to find the right way.”，可知B是在询问指南针发明之前人们如何导航。因此本句应为询问方式的句子，如：what did sailors depend on。 5．根据A回答“I hope more new inventions will appear to help people in the future.”，可知B是在询问A对未来发明的看法或期望。因此本句应为询问看法的句子，如：What is your hope for new inventions。 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 invent,   ancient,   sail,   depend,   knowledge,   develop,   move magnet,   world,   solve,   trade,   discovery,   great,   invention,   tradition China has many amazing inventions in 1 times. The four great inventions are the 2 gifts to the whole world. The compass has a small 3 needle. Long ago, 4 on the sea could not find directions easily, so they had to 5 on stars. After the compass 6 , it changed sea 7 greatly. Bi Sheng 8 movable type printing. This 9 helped people spread 10 faster. It improved the 11 of culture. These 12 technologies helped people 13 many problems. All these 14 and inventions pushed the whole 15 forward. 【答案】 1．ancient 2．greatest 3．magnetic 4．sailors 5．depend 6．was invented 7．trade 8．developed 9．invention 10．knowledge 11．development 12．traditional 13．solve 14．discoveries 15．world 【导语】本文介绍中国古代伟大发明，重点讲述指南针与活字印刷术带来的影响，这些发现和发明推动世界向前发展。 【详解】1．句意：中国在古代有许多惊人的发明。固定短语in ancient times表示 “在古代”，ancient作定语修饰times，故填ancient。 2．句意：四大发明是献给全世界最伟大的礼物。结合语境使用形容词最高级，great的最高级为greatest，意为“最伟大的”，故填greatest。 3．句意：指南针有一根小小的磁针。此处需要形容词修饰名词needle，magnet变为形容词magnetic，magnetic needle表示“磁针”，故填magnetic。 4．句意：很久以前，海上的水手不容易辨别方向。本空作主语，sail变为表示人的名词sailor；后文they提示使用复数形式sailors，意为“水手们”，故填sailors。 5．句意：所以他们不得不依靠星星辨别方位。固定搭配depend on意为“依靠”；had to后接动词原形，故填depend。 6．句意：指南针被发明之后，极大地改变了海上贸易。主语the compass和invent之间是被动关系；讲述古代发生的事使用一般过去时，一般过去时被动语态结构为was/were+过去分词，主语为单数，故填was invented。 7．句意：指南针被发明之后，极大地改变了海上贸易。sea trade意为“海上贸易”，trade作名词，故填trade。 8．句意：毕昇发明了活字印刷术。句子讲述过去发生的事件，时态为一般过去时；develop此处表示研制、创造，过去式为developed，故填developed。 9．句意：这项发明帮助人们更快传播知识。this后接单数名词，invent变为名词invention，意为“发明”，故填invention。 10．句意：这项发明帮助人们更快传播知识。knowledge意为“知识”，为不可数名词，spread knowledge表示“传播知识”，故填knowledge。 11．句意：它促进了文化的发展。the后接名词，develop变为名词development，the development of culture意为“文化的发展”，故填development。 12．句意：这些传统技术帮助人们解决许多难题。空格修饰名词technologies，tradition变为形容词traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。 13．句意：这些传统技术帮助人们解决许多难题。固定结构help sb. (to) do sth.，solve problems意为“解决问题”，故填solve。 14．句意：所有这些发现和发明推动整个世界向前发展。these后接可数名词复数，discovery的复数形式为discoveries，故填discoveries。 15．句意：所有这些发现和发明推动整个世界向前发展。the whole world意为“全世界”，符合短文语境，故填world。 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 The ancient Greek philosopher Plato once said, “Necessity is the mother of invention.” This means 1 a need or a problem encourages creative efforts to meet the need or solve the problem. For example, the need for communication 2 (bring) about the telephone, and the need for entertainment led to the 3 (create) of the television. To solve the problem of seeing in the dark, people 4 (invent) the light bulb. There is a difference 5 a discovery and an invention. Christopher Columbus 6 (discover) America, but the land existed long before he found it. However, in Edison’s case, there was no light bulb in the world before he 7 (create) it. A discovery finds something that 8 (be) already there, 9 an invention creates something new. 10 (understand) this difference helps us better appreciate the work of both explorers and inventors. 【答案】 1．that 2．brought 3．creation 4．invented 5．between 6．discovered 7．created 8．is 9．while 10．Understanding 【导语】本文通过引用柏拉图的名言“需求是发明之母”，阐述了需求如何推动创造发明，并区分了“发现”与“发明”的不同含义。 【详解】1．句意：这意味着需求或问题会鼓励创造性的努力来满足需求或解决问题。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，应用连接词that，无实义，仅起连接作用。 2．句意：例如，通信的需求带来了电话，娱乐的需求导致了电视的创造。根据后文“and the need for entertainment led to”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语应用bring的过去式brought，意为“带来”。 3．句意：例如，通信的需求带来了电话，娱乐的需求导致了电视的创造。空处作介词to的宾语，应用create的名词形式creation，意为“创造，发明”。 4．句意：为了解决在黑暗中看东西的问题，人们发明了灯泡。此处描述过去发生的事情（发明灯泡），时态为一般过去时，谓语应用invent的过去式invented，意为“发明”。 5．句意：发现和发明之间是有区别的。根据“a discovery and an invention”可知，difference between A and B意为“A和B之间的区别”，应用介词between，表示两者之间。 6．句意：克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现了美洲，但在他发现之前，这片土地早已存在。描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语应用discover的过去式discovered，意为“发现”。 7．句意：然而，在爱迪生的情况下，在他创造它之前，世界上没有灯泡。描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语应用create的过去式created，意为“创造”。 8．句意：发现找到了已经存在的东西，而发明创造了新的东西。描述一般性事实，主语“something”为不定代词，时态为一般现在时，谓语应用be的第三人称单数形式is。 9．句意：发现找到了已经存在的东西，而发明创造了新的东西。空处连接前后两个分句，表示对比关系，应用连词while，意为“而，然而”。 10．句意：理解这种差异有助于我们更好地欣赏探险家和发明家的成果。空处作句子的主语，应用understand的动名词形式Understanding，句首首字母大写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $