Unit 3 Great people（易错题专项训练·基础知识）英语译林版三起六年级上册（新教材）

Unit 3 Great people 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.字母组合“ar”的发音规则 2.do shopping和do the shopping用法 3.动词ask的用法 4.短语thanks for和动词take的用法 5.形容词happy的用法 6.动词begin用法 7. 动词keep的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 字母组合“ar”的发音（P36） Great people are like stars. In the dark, they give light. With dreams and hard work, You can also shine bright. 字母组合“ar”在这里发音/ɑː/，如 star /stɑː(r)/ hard /hɑːd/ dark /dɑːk/ 易错点提示 字母组合“ar”在这里发音/ɔː/，如 war /wɔː(r)/ 战争 warm /wɔːm/ 温暖的 towards /təˈwɔːdz/ 朝向 warn /wɔːn/ 警告 小练笔 判断每组单词中画线部分发音是(T)否(F)一致。 1. star          park (      ) 2. car           warm (      ) 3. farm        hard (      ) 4. warm        war (      ) 5. card         dollar (      ) 点拨 【答案】T F T T F 1.star、park画线部分发音均为/ɑː/，发音相同。 2.car画线部分发音为/ɑː/，warm画线部分发音为/ɔː/，发音不同。 3.farm、hard画线部分发音均为/ɑː/，发音相同。 4.warm、war画线部分发音均为/ɔː/，发音相同。 5.card画线部分发音为/ɑː/，dollar画线部分发音为/ə/，发音不同。 高频易错点02 Hi, Bobby. I want to do the shopping for Mrs Pig.（P34） do the shopping 购物、买东西（多指采购生活用品、食材等日常采购） My mum does the shopping every Saturday morning. 我妈妈每周六早上采购生活用品。 易错点提示 do shopping和 do the shopping两者区别 1. do the shopping 带定冠词the，特指有计划、目的性强的采购（买菜、囤日用品），常搭配时间、人物，强调“置办所需物资”。 I will do the shopping after school. 放学后我要去买菜/买日用品。 2. do shopping 泛指逛街、随便购物，无明确采购目标，口语中使用较少，日常更常用 go shopping。 She likes to do shopping on weekends. 她喜欢周末逛街购物。 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. My mother often ______ the shopping on Saturdays. A. do B. does C. doing ( )2. I want to do ______ shopping. I need some rice and eggs. A. the B. / C. a ( )3. They like to ______ on holidays. They enjoy walking in shops. A. do the shopping B. do shopping C. does the shopping ( )4. —What will you do after school? —I will ______ the shopping. I need to buy daily things. A. do B. does C. doing ( )5. She often ______ shopping with her sister. A. go B. goes C. going ( )6. My dad doesn’t want to ______. He has no things to buy. A. do the shopping B. does the shopping C. doing shopping 点拨 1. 答案：B 解析：主语My mother是第三人称单数，often表示一般现在时，动词用三单形式does。 2. 答案：A 解析：要买米和鸡蛋，是有计划的采购，固定搭配 do the shopping。 3. 答案：B 解析：只是在商店逛逛，没有明确采购目标，用do shopping；like to后接动词原形。 4. 答案：A 解析：will 后面必须接动词原形，所以用do。 5. 答案：B 解析：主语she是第三人称单数，often一般现在时，go shopping中go变为goes。 6. 答案：A 解析：want to后面接动词原形。 高频易错点03 Great! Mrs Fox asked us to write about our heroes.（P34） ask sb. to do sth. 要求/叫某人做某事 否定：ask sb. not to do sth. 叫某人不要做某事 Miss Li asks us to read English every morning. 李老师要求我们每天早上读英语。 He asks me not to run in the library. 他叫我不要在图书馆奔跑。 易错点提示 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问关于某事 I ask Tom about his hobby. 我询问汤姆他的爱好。 My mum asked me about my school life. 妈妈问我校园生活。 ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物 I ask my dad for a new pen. 我向爸爸要一支新钢笔。 小练笔 用括号内单词适当形式填空。 1. My teacher asks me ______ (finish) homework on time. 2. Mum asks me ______ (not play) computer games too long. 3. He asked his brother ______ (tell) him the story. 4. Miss Li asks us ______ (speak) English in class. 单项选择。 ( )5. My dad asks me ______ early every day. A. get up B. to get up C. getting up ( )6. The teacher asks us ______ in the classroom. A. not shout B. not to shout C. don’t shout ( )7. I ask Tom ______ his weekend. A. about B. for C. to 点拨 1. 答案：to finish 解析：固定句型 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，ask后接动词不定式to do。 2. 答案：not to play 解析：否定结构 ask sb. not to do sth. 叫某人不要做某事，not放在to的前面。 3. 答案：to tell 解析：ask sb. to do sth.，asked是ask的过去式，句型不变。 4.答案：to speak 解析：ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事。 5. 答案：B 解析：ask sb. to do sth.，用不定式to get up。 6. 答案：B 解析：ask sb. not to do sth. 要求某人不要做某事。 7. 答案：A 解析：ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问关于某事。 高频易错点04 Thanks for taking my baby to the park yesterday.（P34） thanks for + 名词 / 动名词(doing) 含义：因……而感谢；感谢做了某事 - `thanks` 是名词复数 = thank you - `for` 是介词，介词后面不能接动词原形，动词要变成 doing（动名词） - 同义：Thank you for … 1. Thanks for your help.（+名词） 谢谢你的帮助。 2. Thanks for helping me.（+doing） 谢谢你帮我。 3. Thank you for your advice.（+名词） 谢谢你的建议。 4. Thank you for telling me the truth.（+doing） 谢谢你告诉我真相。 易错点提示 核心短语：take sb. to + 地点 含义：带某人去某地 ✅结构：take + 人 + to + 地点名词 1. I will take my sister to the zoo.（原形，将来） 我将要带我妹妹去动物园。 2. He took me to the cinema last weekend.（过去式took） 上周末他带我去了电影院。 3. Thanks for taking me to school.（介词for后→taking） 谢谢你送我去上学。 注意：地点是副词（home / there）要去掉to ✅ take sb home 带某人回家 ❌ take sb to home 小练笔 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Thanks for ______ (help) me with my homework. 2. Thank you for ______ (take) me to the museum. 3. I will ______ (take) my cousin to the park. 4. He ______ (take) me home yesterday. 单项选择。 ( )5. Thanks for ______ my little brother to the zoo. A. take B. taking C. takes ( )6. Thank you ______ your beautiful gift. A. for B. to C. at ( )7. My dad will ______ me to the beach this holiday. A. taking B. takes C. take 点拨 1. 答案：helping 解析：`thanks for + doing`，for是介词，后面动词要变为动名词doing。 2. 答案：taking 解析：`thank you for + doing`，介词for后动词用‑ing形式。 3. 答案：take 解析：will是情态动词，后面接动词原形。 4. 答案：took 解析：yesterday（昨天）是过去时间，句子用一般过去时；take的过去式是took。 5. 答案：B 解析：`Thanks for doing sth.`感谢做某事，for后接taking。 6. 答案：A 解析：固定搭配`Thank you for sth.`，因某物感谢某人。 7. 答案：C 解析：will后面必须接动词原形，所以选take。 高频易错点05 I’m happy to help.（P34） happy 形容词 adj. 开心的，快乐的 be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事 I’m happy to help you. 我很高兴帮助你。 He is happy to come to the party. 他很高兴来参加派对。 易错点提示 1. happy（形容词，修饰名词/跟be动词） ✅ a happy girl 一个快乐的女孩 2. happily（副词，修饰动词） ✅ She laughs happily. 她开心地大笑。 ❌ She laughs happy. 3. happiness（名词） Money can’t bring happiness. 金钱带不来幸福。 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. I ______ very happy today. A. am B. is C. are ( )2. She is happy ______ to the park with us. A. go B. to go C. going ( )3. They danced ______ at the party. A. happy B. happily C. happiness 翻译句子。 4.我很高兴见到你。 ________________________ 5.这是一个幸福的家庭。 ________________________ 点拨 1. 答案：A 解析：be动词用法，主语是 I（我），be动词固定用 am。 is 搭配单数主语（he/she/it）；are搭配复数主语(you/we/they)。 2. 答案：B 解析：固定句型 be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事，to后面加动词原形。 3. 答案：B 解析：danced是动词（跳舞），修饰动词要用副词。happily 副词，开心地；happy形容词，修饰名词；happiness名词，幸福。 4. I'm happy to see you. 解析：be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事；see you 见到你。 5. This is a happy family. 解析：happy形容词修饰名词family；a 一个，后面接可数名词单数。 高频易错点06 In 1964, he began to work on hybrid rice.（P38） begin v. 开始 过去式：began begin to do sth. 开始去做某事 He began to read the book. 他开始读这本书。 易错点提示 ✅ 大多数情况 begin to do = begin doing，可以互换。 It begins to rain. = It begins raining. 天开始下雨了。 ⚠️ 小区别 1. 主语是物，多用 begin to do ✅ The snow began to fall. 雪开始下了。 2. begin本身用进行时（is beginning），后面只用 to do，少用doing ✅ It is beginning to snow. 天开始下雪。 ❌ It is beginning snowing. 常用搭配 1. begin with … 以……开始 The word begins with "b". 这个单词以字母b开头。 2. begin at + 时间 几点开始 The class begins at 8 o’clock. 课程8点钟开始。 小练笔 一、用括号内单词适当形式填空。 1. The movie ______ (begin) at 7:00 every evening. 2. They ______ (begin) to play football an hour ago. 3. It is ______ (begin) to rain. 二、单项选择。 ( )4. She began ______ her homework. A. do B. to do C. does ( )5. The meeting begins ______ 9 a.m. A. at B. with C. to ( )6. This story begins ______ a beautiful girl. A. at B. with C. for 点拨 1. 答案：begins 解析：every evening（每天晚上）是一般现在时；主语the movie是第三人称单数，begin要加‑s，变为begins。 2. 答案：began 解析：an hour ago（一小时前）是过去时间，用一般过去时；begin的过去式是began。 3. 答案：beginning 解析：is + doing 构成现在进行时；begin的现在分词为beginning（双写n再加‑ing）。 4. 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 begin to do sth. 开始做某事，to后面接动词原形。 5. 答案：A 解析：时间介词at，后面接具体几点钟。at 9 a.m. 在上午9点。 6. 答案：B 解析：固定短语 begin with… 以……开始。 高频易错点07 He kept thinking and trying.（P38） keep v. 保持；继续；一直 过去式 /过去分词：kept（不规则变化！keep‑kept‑kept） keep doing sth. 含义：一直/持续/不停地做某事，强调动作反复、持续进行。 Please keep waiting for me. 请一直等我。 He kept asking questions. 他不停地问问题。 易错点提示 keep + 形容词 保持某种状态 Keep quiet. 保持安静。 We should keep healthy. 我们应该保持健康。 keep sb. + 形容词 使某人保持…… The coat keeps me warm. 这件外套让我很暖和。 keep on doing sth. 继续/反复做某事 keep doing ≈ keep on doing，大多时候可以互换 细微区别： keep doing：侧重动作持续不间断 keep on doing：侧重动作反复发生，中间有停顿 He kept on trying. 他反复不断尝试。 小练笔 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. He kept ______ (think) about the problem. 2. Don’t keep me ______ (stand) outside for long. 3. Please keep ______ (quiet) in the library. 单项选择。 ( )4. He kept ______ for his friend at the gate. A. wait B. waiting C. to wait ( )5. The snow kept ______ for three hours. A. falling B. to fall C. fall ( )6. We should keep our classroom ______. A. clean B. cleaning C. to clean 点拨 1. 答案：thinking 解析：固定搭配 keep doing sth. 不停地/持续做某事，keep后接动词‑ing形式。 2. 答案：standing 解析：固定搭配 keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事，keep后面接人，再接动词‑ing。 3. 答案：quiet 解析：keep + 形容词，表示“保持某种状态”，quiet是形容词“安静的”。 4. 答案：B 解析：keep doing sth. 持续做某事，keep后用waiting。 句意：他一直在大门口等他的朋友。 5. 答案：A 解析：keep doing sth. 动作持续发生，fall的‑ing形式是falling。 6. 答案：A 解析：keep +宾语 +形容词，keep our classroom clean 使教室保持干净。clean形容词，干净的；cleaning是动名词，to clean是不定式，均不符合本句型。 综合训练 一、语音题,选出划线部分发音不同的一项。 ( )1．A．hard B．park C．hat ( )2．A．farm B．card C．cat ( )3．A．star B．far C．bag ( )4．A．past B．map C．dark ( )5．A．car B．half C．dad 二、用所给词适当形式填空。 6．Everyone can be great by ____ (do) small good things. 7．Thanks for ____ (help) me with my English. 8．He never ____ (give) up when he worked on hybrid rice. 9．Miss Fox asked us ________ (not stop) learning new things. 10．Can you help ________ (I) with my English? 11．The workers stopped ______ (work) and had lunch. 12．Let’s ________ (make) our life better. 13．There are many great ________ (hero) in Chinese history. 14．I want ________ (do) the shopping with my mum. 15．He tried ________ (develop) new kinds of rice. 三、单项选择。 ( )16．Yuan Longping was born ____ 1930 in Beijing. A．in B．on C．at ( )17．Hybrid rice ____ people all over the world now. A．feed B．feeds C．feeding ( )18．Mrs Fox asked us ____ write about our heroes. A．to B．/ C．for ( )19．_________ taking me to the park. A．Thanks for B．Thank C．Thanks to ( )20．—______ was your weekend? —It was wonderful. A．What B．Who C．How ( )21．—______ you born in Beijing? —Yes, I ______. A．Were; was B．Are; am C．Was; was ( )22．“______ talking! Listen to me. ” the teacher said. A．Stop B．Stop to C．Stopped ( )23．There ______ a lot of answers to the problems. A．is B．are C．am ( )24．Thanks for _________ me with my English. A．help B．helping C．to help ( )25．He was tired, _____ he never gave up. A．but B．and C．so ( )26．—What did they do? —________ A．They went swimming in the sea.B．I had a picnic. C．They go to the park. ( )27．—What did your mother ________ for you? —She ________ a T-shirt with a cute cat. A．bought; buy B．buy; buy C．buy; bought 四、句型转换。 28．She did the shopping yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) ________ she ________ the shopping yesterday? 29．I want to write about my hero. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ to write about my hero. 30．He passed away in 2021. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ he _________ away? 31．They worked hard. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ they ________? 32．He gave up. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ up. 五、补全对话。 A: Do you know Yuan Longping? B: Sure. 33．________ A: Where was he born? B: 34．________ A: What were his two dreams? B: 35．________And he hoped hybrid rice could grow everywhere in the world. A: He met lots of difficulties, right? B: Yes. 36．________Finally he developed hybrid rice in 1973. A: No wonder people respect him so much. B: Exactly. 37．________ A．He was born in Beijing in 1930. B．He wanted to enjoy the cool under tall rice plants. C．He was a great rice scientist. D．But he kept working and never gave up. E．He helped feed people around the world. 六、完型填空。 Yuan Longping was a famous Chinese rice 38 . He was born in 1930. He liked farming 39 an early age. When he grew up, he studied farming. In 1964, he started to work 40 hybrid rice. The work was hard, 41 he didn’t give up. He always stayed in the fields and worked hard. In 1973, he developed hybrid rice successfully. Now hybrid rice grows in many countries and 42 lots of people. He had two great dreams. He is truly a great person. ( )38．A．teacher B．scientist C．doctor ( )39．A．at B．in C．on ( )40．A．in B．on C．with ( )41．A．so B．and C．but ( )42．A．feeds B．feed C．fed 参考答案 一、语音题,选出划线部分发音不同的一项。 答案 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. C 1. A hard /hɑːd/ B park /pɑːk/ C hat /hæt/ → C不同 2. A farm /fɑːm/ B card /kɑːd/ C cat /kæt/ → C不同 3. A star /stɑː/ B far /fɑː/ C bag /bæɡ/ → C不同 4. A past /pɑːst/ B map /mæp/ C dark /dɑːk/ → B不同 5. A car /kɑː/ B half /hɑːf/ C dad /dæd/ → C不同 二、用所给词适当形式填空。 答案 6. doing 7. helping 8. gave 9. not to stop 10. me 11. working 12. make 13. heroes 14. to do 15. to develop 6. by 介词，后接动名词 doing 7. Thanks for doing sth. 感谢做某事，for+doing 8. 从句时态worked为过去式，主句动词用过去式 give→gave 9. ask sb. not to do sth. 要求某人不要做某事（固定不定式否定结构） 10. help 动词后用人称代词宾格 I→me 11. stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事；工人们停下工作吃午饭 12. Let’s + 动词原形 13. many 后接可数名词复数 hero→heroes（o结尾有生命加es） 14. want to do sth. 想要做某事 15. try to do sth. 努力做某事 三、单项选择。 答案 16.A 17.B 18.A 19.A 20.C 21.A 22.A 23.B 24.B 25.A 26.A 27.C 16. A in 年份前介词用in；on+具体日期；at+时刻 17. B 主语hybrid rice杂交水稻为单数，一般现在时谓语动词三单 feeds 18. A ask sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 19. A Thanks for doing 谢谢你做某事；Thank后缺宾语；Thanks to 多亏 20. C How was your weekend? 询问周末怎么样 21. A be born 出生，均为过去式；you搭配were；I搭配was 22. A Stop talking! 别说话！祈使句用动词原形，stop doing停止正在做的事 23. B a lot of answers复数，there be遵循就近原则用are 24. B for介词，后接helping动名词 25. A but 但是，表转折：他很累，但从未放弃；and顺承，so因果 26. A 问句did为过去时，答句也要过去式；主语they保持一致 27. C 助动词did后动词原形buy；答句一般过去时buy→bought 四、句型转换。 28. Did; do 解析：一般过去时实义动词变一般疑问，句首加Did，动词还原原形do 29. don’t want 解析：一般现在时主语I，否定加don’t，动词原形want 30. When did; pass 解析：划线in 2021年份，疑问词When；过去式借did，passed还原pass 31. How did; work 解析：划线hard副词表程度，用How提问；did后动词原形work 32. didn’t give 解析：一般过去时否定，主语+didn’t+动词原形give 五、补全对话。 答案33.C 34.A 35.B 36.D 37.E 33.C —你认识袁隆平吗？—当然，他是伟大的水稻科学家 34.A —他出生在哪？—1930年生于北京 35.B —他的两个梦想是什么？—想在高大稻禾下乘凉，另一个梦想杂交水稻遍布世界 36.D —他遇到很多困难对吗？—是的，但他坚持研究从未放弃，1973年培育杂交水稻 37.E —难怪大家尊敬他。—没错，他帮助养活全世界人民 六、完型填空。 答案38.B 39.A 40.B 41.C 42.A 38.B rice scientist水稻科学家；teacher老师 doctor医生不符合人物 39.A at an early age 在年少时（固定搭配） 40.B work on 致力于、从事（杂交水稻研究） 41.C 工作很辛苦，但是他没有放弃，转折用but 42.A 主语hybrid rice单数，一般现在时谓语三单feeds 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $