Welcome Unit 重点词汇一轮讲练用记 导学案-2027届高三英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语导学案系统覆盖必修第一册核心词汇与语法考点，按听说、读写等模块整合exchange、design等高频词及what句式、leave复合结构等语法点，结合2024-2026年高考真题例句，通过填空、一句多译等问题导向任务，引导学生自主梳理考点联系，构建分层知识网络。 亮点在于自主诊断与思维品质培养，如词汇模块设易混辨析选词填空、语法模块配句式升级训练，真题例句融入应用场景，助力学生自主发现薄弱点。每个单元配语境串记与反思任务，培养语言运用能力，教师可依据学生完成情况精准指导，提升备考实效与自主复习能力。

Listening and Speaking 必修第一册 1.exchange n.交换;交流;互换 Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.(2025• 全国I卷)每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。 v.调换;交换 Curiouslooks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a locked lab. (2025• 北京卷)大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。 【考点拓展】 in exchange (for...) 作为(对……的)交换 make an exchange交换 exchange student交换生 exchange A for B 用A交换B exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物 ① I want to travel to the US, so I go to the bank to ____________________.(读后续写之细节描写)我想去美国旅游，所以我去银行把人民币兑换成美元。 ②I will take full advantage of the chance to _________________________.(应用文之发言稿) 我将充分利用这次机会与他们交换观点。 ③I gave Mary a cellphone ____________________my favorite Ipad. 我送给玛丽一部手机交换我最喜欢的Ipad。 ①exchange RMB for dollars②exchange views with them③in exchange for 【一句多译】 他卖掉了手表换了一件给妻子的礼物。 →①He exchanged_______________________. (exchange A for B) →②He sold his watch___________________② . ① his watch for a gift for his wifein exchange for a gift for his wife 2.lecture n.授课;演讲 Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates.(2025• 全国II卷)有一次上课，教授试图在三十个同学面前一遍又一遍地重复我的名字。 【易混辨析】speech/talk/lecture speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说； talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话； lecture学术性的演讲，讲课。 【熟词生义】 v. 训斥，教训 He’s always lecturing me about the way I dress. 他对我的衣着总是指手划脚的。 3.register n. 登记，注册；登记簿，花名册；挂号 No register of his death was found.没有查到他的死亡记录。 v. 登记,注册,申报 Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme.(2024• 北京卷)一旦确定了合适的配对，学生将被单独联系，并获得特别许可号码，以注册该计划。 【考点拓展】 registered adj. 注册的；登记过的；记名的 register for 为……注册(登记) register in (把……)登记为成员 registration n.登记，注册，挂号；登记证，注册证 ①I signed for a _________(register) letter from a friend. 我签收了一封来自朋友的主册信。 ②How many members have officially registered _____ the club? 该俱乐部正式登记的会员有多少? ③An increasing number of students are registering ______ Chinese each year. 每年, 越来越多的学生注册学习汉语。 ④My first step of redefining success began with course _________(register).(2025• 北京卷)我重新定义成功的第一步是从注册课程开始的。 ①registered②in③for registrations 【熟词生义1】 n.表达（意见或情感） The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our presentmental register.(2020•全国卷I)重读的美妙之处在于，我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的心理表达上的。 【熟词生义2】 n. 收银机 It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.(2021·浙江1月卷)要想快速移动需要很多收银机，有些商店负担不起空间和人力。 【语境串记】 The new couple need to register before they get married, because marriage without registration is not recognised by law.新人在结婚前需要登记，因为法律不承认未经登记的婚姻。 4.male adj. 男性的,男子的；雄的,公的 In her study，Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male，female，and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.”(2025• 浙江1月卷)在她的研究中，马丁要求参与者评估他们对男性、女性和无性别的数字语音助手和名为“Miuu”的自动驾驶汽车的依恋程度。 n.男子 ； 雄性动物 In most birds, the male is bigger and more brightly colored than the female.雄鸟大抵都比雌鸟大,而且羽毛颜色更鲜艳。 【考点拓展】 female adj. 女的，女性的 5.nation n.国家，民族；国民 This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. (2024• 全国甲卷)这个地方，以其独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。 【考点拓展】 nationality n. 国籍;民族; national adj.全国性的;民族的;国家的; nationally adv.在全国范围内;全国性地 ①I've got two tickets for the _______(nation) Theater. Would you like to come?(2025• 全国II卷)我有两张国家剧院的票。你愿意来吗？ ②All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or _______(nation).(应用文之招聘信)所有申请者，不论其年龄、性别、宗教信仰及国籍，都可考虑。 ③The place is _______(national) known for its melons and fruit, especially its seedless grapes. 这里的瓜果, 尤其是无核葡萄驰名全国。 ①National②nationality③nationally 【易混辨析】nation/country/state nation侧重指国家或民族； country侧重指地理疆域； state侧重于指政府、国家机器。 【语境串记】 Although He was of British nationality, he made the newspaper national in China.虽然他是英国籍，但他使这份报纸在中国成为全国性的报纸。 6.design  n. 设计；设计方案 A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.(2025• 浙江卷)一种新颖的园艺设计方法在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。 vt. 设计；筹划 Each parking zone consists of multiple lots, designed to efficiently manage traffic across the venue’s network.(2026• 全国I卷) 每个停车区由多个停车场组成，旨在高效管理场馆内的交通流。 【考点拓展】 design sth. for 为……设计某物 be designed to 旨在做……，用于做…… make designs for 为……做设计 by design (＝on purpose) 故意地(反义短语：by accident/by chance偶然地) have designs on/ against对……别有用心，对……有不良意图 designer n. 设计者 ①Dutch plantsman and ________(design) Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style，adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes. (2025• 浙江卷)荷兰植物学家和设计师Piet Oudolf的花园推广了这种风格，为种植混合增添了艺术气息。 ②Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or _________?(读后续写之细节描写)你认为大楼被烧是意外事故，还是有意为之？ ③This film ______________________the 100th school anniversary, focusing on the history and development of our school.(应用文之影评)该电影是专门为100年校庆设计的，重点放在学校的历史和发展上。 ④Although the Eiffel Tower _________________for 20 years, it is still standing today.尽管埃菲尔铁塔最初设计时只能存在20年，但它至今仍然屹立在那儿。 ①designer②by design③is specially designed for ④was designed to last 【句式升级】 This project was designed to help the students in need. But it just didn't work out as planned. →①This project ________________________________ just didn't work out as planned.(过去分词短语作定语) →②This project________________________________ just didn't work out as planned.(定语从句) ①designed to help the students in need②which was designed to help the students in need 【易混辨析】plan; design; project;intention; purpose plan是通用词，指事先做出一种按程序做事的方法或对各部分的配置安排； design强调按照目标、意向或目的而做的小心安排； project强调为试验或实验而提出的计划，常常是大规模的，有时是不切实际的。 intention指一个人有意要做，但并不永远指他有决心或确定的计划； purpose指一个人打算要做的事或得到一件确定的东西，并努力去争取。 7.formal adj. 外形的, 正式的, 合礼仪的, 形式的, 整齐匀称的 Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing.(2025• 浙江卷)除了特殊场合的礼服，坦尼娅还在寻找不太正式的服装。 【考点拓展】 formally adv.正式地；按传统（礼仪或规则）；形式上，理论上 informal adj. 非正式的，口语体的 ①There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication，whether written，spoken，formal，or ________(formal).(2025• 浙江卷)传递任何形式的交流都没有价值，无论是书面的、口头的、正式的还是非正式的。 ②We ______(formal) invite you to visit our hometown. 我们正式邀请你来我们的家乡。 ①informal②formally Reading and Thinking 1.anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑，担心; 渴望 Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. (2025• 全国II卷)从伦敦到什鲁斯伯里市中心很有挑战性，但这种焦虑是值得的。 【考点拓展】 anxious adj. 不安的；担心的；渴望的 anxiously adv. 焦急地；担忧地 be anxious about / for 对……感到担忧 / 挂念 be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事 be anxious that … 担心……；着急…… ①And I applied with the same_________①(anxiety) excitement as before.(2023·北京卷) 我和以前一样焦虑地兴奋起来。 ②The old woman was________(anxious) awaiting the return of her relatives. (读后续写之人物描写) 老妇人望眼欲穿地盼望亲人归来。 ③He__________________ the safety of his child who went to the big city to look for a job. (读后续写之人物描写) ④孩子去大城市找工作，他有些担忧。 He is anxious ________(enter) for the competition.他很想去参加比赛。 ①anxious② anxiously③was a bit anxious about④to enter 【易混辨析】anxious/eager/keen anxious 强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切心情。 eager 侧重于急于成功的迫切心情。 keen 强调因兴趣强烈或欲望而急于做某事。 worried 侧重因为某事或某人而感到担心发愁。 【句式升级】 I'm so anxious about the coming exam that I can hardly fall asleep at night. →____________________________________, I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作状语) Anxious about the coming exam 【语境串记】 The anxious parents waited anxiously by the phone. We can even feel their anxiety.焦急的父母在电话旁焦急地等待着。我们甚至可以感受到他们的焦虑。 2.annoy vt. 使不悦；惹恼 The way you handle chopsticks is important to avid annoying your companions. (2022·全国甲卷) 你使用筷子的方式很重要，以免惹恼你的同伴。 【考点拓展】 It annoys sb. that ……使某人恼怒 annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj. 恼怒的；生气的 be annoyed with sb. 对某人生气 be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事而生气 annoying adj. 令人恼怒的；令人烦恼的 ①I was so________(annoy) that I strongly wanted to write a letter to the press. 我非常恼怒，以致觉得非给报社写封信不可。(应用文之投诉信) ②A professor should not _______________ me if I answer an important call during class. (应用文之投诉信) 在课堂上如果我接了一个重要的电话，教授也不该对我恼怒。 ③You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice the more you start to apply it to other, more ________(annoy) situations.(应用文之建议信) 你很快就会发现，你练习的耐心越多，你就越能把它应用到其他更恼人的情况中。 ① annoyed②be annoyed with③annoying 【易混辨析】annoy/bother annoy指外界的打扰令人讨厌或无法忍受，因而感到烦恼，或指某人故意去妨碍别人惹他生气； bother程度比annoy轻微，指麻烦或不停地打扰别人，使其不得安宁，或由于外界某种使人迷惑、焦虑、烦恼的事情而感到不安。 【语境串记】 My friend’s talking with full food in his mouth annoyed me.Although I am annoyed with him about his annoying habit，he can’t get rid of it.我朋友嘴里含着食物说话让我很烦。虽然我对他那讨厌的习惯很生气，但他却改掉不了。 3.fright n. 惊吓 A tree fell on the house and gave Mary a fright. 一棵树倒在房子上,吓了玛丽一大跳。 【考点拓展】 with fright 惊恐地, 害怕地 frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬 frighten... away/off 把……吓跑 be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕（做）某事 be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事 frighten sb. into/out of (doing) sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事 be frightened to death 吓得要死 be frightened that 害怕…… frightening(frightful) adj. 令人恐惧的;可怕的 frightfully adv. 可怕地 ①We revere (敬畏) them even as they give us ______(frighten) dreams.(2023•全国甲卷)我们敬畏他们，即使他们给我们可怕的梦。 ②People often regard him as ______(frigh) or monstrous, but in fact he is just and righteous. 人们常常认为他是可怕和丑陋的, 但实际上他是公正和正义的。 ③Mr. Darling was _________(frightful) ashamed of himself, but he would not give in.(读后续写之细节描写)达琳先生为自己感到非常羞愧，但他不肯认错。 ④Though badly _____ (frighten), the girl remained outwardly calm.(读后续写之细节描写)尽管非常害怕，小女孩还是故作镇定。 ⑤The children's shouts ___________________________. (读后续写之细节描写)孩子们的喊声把鸟儿吓飞了。 ①frightening②frightful③frightfully④frightened⑤frightened the birds off 【句式升级】 She was frightened by the frightening scene. She got so nervous that she trembled from head to foot. →___________________________________, she got so nervous that she trembled from head to foot.(过去分词短语作状语) Frightened by the frightening scene 【易混辨析】frighten, alarm, terrify, scare frighten用得最广泛，可指各种或不同程度的恐惧。通常指突然感到的恐惧。有时也可以指长期处于恐惧的状态； alarm比frighten所表达的恐惧程度轻一些。主要指由于意识到可能发生某种危险而引起的警觉或恐惧，alarm还可表示忧虑和担心的意思； terrify在这一组词中语气最强烈，主要表示一种难以自制的、强烈的惊恐； scare与frighten 的意思很接近，有突然吓住的意思。是非正式用语，含有“把小孩、胆小的人或动物吓跑，吓得畏缩、颤抖或不敢做某事“的意思。 【语境串记】 At the sight of the frightening scene, which frightened anyone, he was almost frightened to death with fright.看到这使任何人都害怕的可怕情景，他几乎被吓死了。 4.impress v.使钦佩，使留下深刻印象；使铭记；压，压印 I was sure my experience would impress Emma. (2026•浙江高考1月卷)我确信我的经历会让艾玛印象深刻。 【考点拓展】 impress sb. with sth. 　 以……给某人留下印象 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到某事的重要性) be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻 impression n. 印象, 感想; 影响, 效果 make/leave/give a good impression on sb. 给某人留下一个好印象 have a/an... impression of sb. 对某人有……的印象 impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 impressively adv.令人难忘地；感人地 ①The Hereford Cathedral is the most______ (impress) building in town.(2025• 全国II卷)赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。 ②The girl impressed her boyfriend’s family ________ her liveliness and sense of humour. 姑娘又活泼又富幽默感, 未婚夫家人十分喜欢她。 ③First of all, I will show you around our campus so that you can get a general ______ (impress) of our school.(应用文之校园类)首先，我会带你参观我们的校园，这样你就能对我们学校有一个大致的印象。 ④Li Kang is very ______ (impress) with the teachers and the technology in his new school.(应用文之校园类)李康对新学校里的老师和新科技印象深刻。 ⑤ We need the ability to work out which messes are worth avoiding — because however ______ (impressive) fast you move, some things can’t be easily unbroken.(2026• 北京卷)我们需要有能力判断哪些混乱是值得避免的——因为无论你进展得多么迅速，有些事情都难以轻易改变。 ①impressive②with③impression④impressed⑤impressively 【句式升级】 I was impressed by the beautiful scenery and forgot to go back home in time. →____________________________________, I forgot to go back home in time.(过去分词短语作状语) Impressed by the beautiful scenery 【一句多译】 我第一次见他时,他的幽默感给我留下了深刻的印象。 →①The first time I saw him, his sense of humor___________________________. (impression) →②The first time I saw him,I______________________________.(impress) ①left/made a deep impression on me　②was impressed by his sense of humor 【帮你记词】 sion 作后缀时，表示名词，这样的词主要有：confusion 混乱；explosion 爆炸；decision决定；impression印象 ；admission 允许进入；expansion扩张, discussion讨论;；possession拥有 【熟词生义1】 v. 使……意识到 He impressed on us the need of education.他使我们意识到了教育的必要。 【熟词生义2】 n. 印记, 痕迹 There are some impressions of shoes on the sand. 沙滩上有一些鞋印。 【语境串记】 I was greatly impressed by his impressive deeds, which also left a deep impression on the others.他的事迹给我留下了深刻的印象，也给其他人留下了深刻的印象。 5.what句式结构 what’s more 更重要的是，另外还有 What else? 还有其他的吗？ so what? 那又怎么样？用于承认某事实是真实的，并质问由此会推出何种结论； what’s up? 最近怎么样 what’s wrong? 怎么了？类似的表达法还有：What’s the matter (with you)? / What’s the trouble (with you)?等； what else? 还需要别的什么吗？在购物或是吃饭时，总会被问到Anything else?或What else?, 回答时可说Yes. 或Nothing else. (不需要其它东西)。 what about …? = How about 对于…… （事情）怎样？跟名词或动名词。 what if 即使......又有什么要紧；倘使......将会怎样 ①That’s interesting. _________ can they do? (2025• 全国II卷)这很有趣。他们还能做什么？ ②________________this activity provides us an opportunity to make a better understanding among students from around the world. 此外，这项活动为我们提供了一个机会，使来自世界各地的学生更好地理解。 ③___________the weather conditions in Vancouver this time of year? Should I bring more warm clothes?顺便问一下，每年这个时候温哥华的天气情况怎么样？ 我应该带更暖和的衣服吗？ ④_____ _____ we move the picture over there? Do you think it'll look better？即使我们把图片移到那边又能怎样？你认为那样看起来更好吗？ ⑤____________? There's such a loud noise in the corridor.出什么事啦? 走廊里喧闹声那么大。 ⑥—The department is closed. 百货公司关门了。 —_________ We can go to the convenience store. 那又怎么样？我们可以去便利商店呀！ ⑦_________the spider had been climbing the wrong corner of the cave?(2026• 北京卷)如果那只蜘蛛爬错了洞穴的角落，会怎样？ ①What else②What’s more③what about ④What if⑤What's up ⑥So what⑦What if 6.concentrate v.专注，专心，集中，使...集中于一点 And it has made it impossible for her to concentrate.(2025• 全国II卷)这让她无法集中注意力。 【图表助记】 ①During most of the class, we follow Angela and ___________making tiny, isolated (单独) movements.(2026• 全国II卷) 在课堂的大部分时间里，我们跟随安吉拉，专注于做出微小而独立的动作。 ②The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced_________(concentrate) , an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.(2024• 新课标I卷)其原因与多种因素有关，包括注意力不集中、娱乐心态以及在消费数字内容时倾向于多任务处理。 ③Setting goals can provide clarity and direction to your studies, helping you stay_________(concentrate) and motivated.(应用文之建议信)设定目标可以为你的学习提供清晰的方向，帮助你保持专注和动力。 ①concentrate on ②concentration③concentrated 【一句多译】 他集中精力学习，没有注意到我进来。 ①→_______________________________________, he didn’t notice the door open. (现在分词作原因状语) ②→ ________________________________________ , he didn’t notice the door open. (with复合结构) ①Concentrating all his attention on the experiment②With all his attention concentrated on the experiment 【语境串记】 Concentration is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.对于这类工作，集中精力是很重要的，只有集中精力，你才能把它做好。 7.experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] n. 实验; 试用 Before we begin today’s experiment, let’s review the lab rules.(2026• 全国I卷)在开始今天的实验之前，让我们先回顾一下实验室规则。 v. 做实验 Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. (2025• 北京卷)马克用一台旧的3D打印机开始试验。 【熟词生义】 v. 尝试 Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. (2025• 全国II卷) 英国的Silo等餐厅已经尝试过零浪费系统，但wastED将这一概念带到了合乎逻辑的结论。 8.leave v. ①离开(某处)②离开(某人)的身边;遗弃,离弃③辞去(工作等);脱离(组织等)④遗忘;丢下⑤听任,使处于某种状态⑥留给⑦把...交给;委托⑧剩下 Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue.(2025• 全国I卷) 最终，我哥哥决定离开，而不是强迫这个问题。 n. 准假;休假;休假期 Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.(2025• 全国II卷)我们的研究表明，在植物丰富的工作场所，人们的病假减少了30%。 【考点拓展】 leave aside不考虑 leave behind忘了带;留下 leave for动身去 leave out省去;遗漏；冷落 on leave在休假中 take (one's) leave of sb.向某人告别 leave sb./sth. alone不惹，不管，不碰 leave+复合宾语”结构中, 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语, 表示宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系; 过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系; 不定式作宾语补足语, 表示该动作尚未发生。 ①While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was ____________ in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes.(2024• 全国甲卷)当大人们在外面忙着严肃的谈话时，我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。 ② Ivy felt _______. Mia, however, didn’t know it and went her way as usual.(2026• 北京卷)艾薇觉得被冷落了。而米娅却并不知道，照常地继续自己的事情。 ③And with each step she took, she_________a legacy of inspiration for those who followed in her footsteps, knowing that even without a clear sense of direction, there's always a way to find one's way.她每走一步，都给那些追随她脚步的人留下了深刻的灵感，她知道即使没有明确的方向感，总有办法找到自己的路。(2024• 浙江1月卷) ④Jack was lucky enough to survive the serious earthquake, but the narrow escape has left him ____ (shake)with terror. (读后续写之细节描写)Jack很幸运地在严重的地震中幸存下来，但是死里逃生使他害怕得发抖。 ⑤The guests left most of the dishes _________(touch), because they didn’t taste delicious. 客人们没有动大部分菜，因为它们尝起来不好吃。 ⑥What disappoints me is that she leaves me ________(finish) the work by myself.使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这项工作。 ①left alone②left out③ left behind ④shaking ⑤untouched⑥to finish 9.awkward adj. （动作，形态等）难看的，难使用的, 笨拙的；难处理的，棘手的，为难的，使人尴尬的 The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter.(2025• 全国II卷)这个尴尬的时刻以全班哄堂大笑结束。 It was an awkward situation, because the restaurant was too expensive for us but we didn't want to just leave.(读后续写之细节描写) 这是一个尴尬的情况，因为餐厅对我们来说太贵了，但我们又不想就这么离开。 【易混辨析】awkward, clumsy awkward指人的行为、动作缺少优雅、机敏或技巧； 而clumsy则指外形笨重，行动不灵活。 选词填空：awkward, clumsy 1.It’s a little __________, because he’s my friend but I’m still his boss. 2. It’s not easy walking in these __________ shoes. 1.awkward 2.clumsy 10.explore v.探索；探险 In your free time, you can explore the city, have language classes, surf or choose your favourite from among the following. (2026• 北京卷)在空闲时间，您可以游览城市、参加语言课程、冲浪，或从以下选项中选择您最喜爱的活动。 【考点拓展】 explorer n. 探险家 exploration n. 探险 ①In the race to the South Pole, there was a Japanese team attempting to be first, led by heroic _________(explore)Nobu Shirase.(读后续写之细节描写)在前往南极的比赛中，有一支由英勇的探险家 Nobu Shirase 带领的日本队伍全力争夺第一名。 ②These small yet significant changes will undoubtedly contribute to making our library an ideal place for learning and _________(explore).(应用文之介绍信)这些小而重要的变化无疑将使我们的图书馆成为一个学习和探索的理想场所。 ①explorer ②exploration 【语境串记】 Many explorers came here to explore the mountain.Without doubt，it’s worth the exploration.许多探险家来这里考察这座山。毫无疑问，这是值得探索的。 11.confidence n. 信心; 信任; 秘密 “Admittedly, I had little confidence in the beginning,” says Ursula, “but the Sunflower Farm rose to fame and has become one of the most sought-after destinations in the province.”(2026• 浙江1月卷)“诚然，起初我对这里并不太有信心，”乌苏拉说道，“但向日葵农场逐渐声名鹊起，已成为该省最受追捧的旅游目的地之一。” 【考点拓展】 have confidence in对……有信心, 信任 confident adj. 确信的;有信心的,自信的 be confident of 对…确信，有把握 ①"Well," I said, trying to sound _________(confidence) for her, "I would calm it down and help it find its way home."(2026•浙江高考1月卷)“嗯，”我说着，努力让自己听起来显得自信，“我会让它平静下来，然后帮它找到回家的路。” ②I ______________________________________ my own youth and energy so that I thought I could win this game.(读后续写之细节描写)我对自己的年轻和精力很有信心，因此我觉得能赢得这场比赛。 ①confident②had confidence in 【句式升级】 ①I have confidence in our future. 我对我们的未来充满信心。 ②I’m confident that China will be more powerful than most of the western countries in the following 50 years.我相信中国在未来五十年内会比大部分西方国家更强大。 ⑥用分词短语把①②合并为一句 Having confidence in our future, I’m confident that China will be more powerful than most of the western countries in the following 50 years.   【易混辨析】sure， certain， confident sure强调"主观上确信无疑的"； certain指"有充分根据或理由而相信的"； confident 强调"对某人[物]坚信的或满怀信心的"。 【易混辨析】belief faith trust confidence belief 指“承认某事是真的, 尽管有或没有确凿的证据”； faith 指“认为有确凿证据或道理而完全相信”； trust 指“信赖”、“信任”, 含有“坚定的信念”的意思； confidence 指“在有证据的基础上相信”, 也常指“自信”、“有把握”。 Discovering Useful Structures 1.look v.看；注意,留神；好像;看起来；朝着,面向 It takes a lot of thought to look this natural.(2025• 浙江卷)要让自己看起来这么自然，需要花很多心思。 n. 看，瞥；脸色，眼神，表情；外表，样子；面容，美貌 I often draw pictures in pubs，and people always come over for a look and a chat.(2025• 浙江卷)我经常在酒吧里画画，人们总是过来看一看，聊聊天。 【考点拓展】 look after 照料，照看，照顾 look at 看一看，对待，看待 look down on/ upon 俯视; 轻视某人 look for 寻找，寻求 look into 研究，了解，向里面看；考虑 look into one’s face正视某人 look on 旁观 look through仔细检查或审查(某物)，翻阅,看一遍 look on/ upon as 把看作，认为 look out for 注意，当心，提防 look back on/at 回顾 look out 找出，查出，当心 look round /about 环顾四周 look forward to 期待 look up查寻，查阅，仰视，抬头看，好转 ①We should be ________________ upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.(2025• 全国I卷)我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，让它们去除微塑料。 ②He and his wife began _______ a place in Manhattan.(2026• 全国II卷) 他和妻子开始在曼哈顿寻找住处。 ③Volunteers are also more likely to ______________ their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. (2025• 全国II卷)志愿者也更有可能照顾自己的健康，更注重在生活中增加体育活动。 ④As I move through my college years, I_________________ the visits to my little hometown.(2026• 全国I卷)随着大学生活的进行，我越来越期待回到家乡探望。 ⑤In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of _____________ art. (2024• 北京卷)30多岁时，我结交了画家朋友，学会了看待艺术的新方法。 ⑥ I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I _____________ with a pencil to measure my progress.(2026• 全国I卷) 我决定尽可能多地学习单词，并开始用铅笔标记每一个查过的词条，以衡量自己的进步。 ⑦I like to ____________________ my high school days, which were the happiest in my life.(应用文之学校类)我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。 ⑧People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs , _______________ old magazines , all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上，翻看旧杂志，这些杂志以前都读过几百遍了。 ①looking into② looking for ③look after④look forward to⑤looking at⑥looked up⑦look back on/at⑧look through 【易混辨析1】sight/scene/ view/look sight表示“所见之处”，范围很广； scene表示“人为的、人物活动的场景”，强调人物在其中起的作用； view用来强调自然界中的山、水、景物； look用来讲外表、神色。 【易混辨析2】observe/look/see/notice/watch/stare/glare observe的意思是用眼睛看到并注意到,通过认真地看而观察到,译成"观察",如观察星星、某现象等； look的意思是有意识地使用眼睛或视力,译成"看"; look at的意思是把眼睛转向目标,译成"看或看着"； see的意思是有意或无意用眼睛看的结果,译成"看见"； notice的意思是用眼睛或其他感官或感觉注意,译成"注意到或看到"； watch的意思是仔细认真地跟踪运动着的目标,译成"观看或监视"。 2.note n.短笺，便条；笔记，记录；注释，批注 Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.”(2024• 浙江卷)给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。 v.留意，注意；指出，提及；记录，记下 It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage.(2025• 全国II卷)值得注意的是，从技术上讲，《浪费》的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。 【考点拓展】 make/take a note of把...记下来 take note of注意 【熟词生义1】 n. 音，音符；②n. 声调，语气 “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed.“ He’s interested in the music, feeling every note.(2021·全国Ⅰ卷)“我的丈夫是最糟糕的翻页者，”她笑着说。“他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符”。 Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.(2021·全国Ⅱ卷)表情符号可以使交流感觉更友好，甚至严肃的语气也可以通过一个鼓励的微笑来缓和。 Listening and Talking 1.organise vt. 组织；筹备；安排；组建；组建；成立 “But it’s also a great challenge, for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event,” Ribeiro said. (2025• 浙江1月卷) Ribeiro说：“但这也是一个巨大的挑战，因为有时组织一场活动需要几天的时间。” 【考点拓展】 organize into 组成 organization组织，机构。 organized adj. 有组织的，有系统的 disorganized adj. 无组织的，无系统的 organiser n. [C]组织者；发起人 organizational adj.组织的，安排的；有关组织（或机构）的 ①This paper _______________is organized into three parts and consists of five chapters. 全文共五章,分为三个部分。 ②He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an _________(organize) engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(2026• 全国II卷) 他共同创立了弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特建筑保护协会，该组织致力于保护赖特所有现存的建筑。 ③I’m attending a conference in the city and my secretary told me that the conference _________(organise) made the reservation for me.（2025•浙江卷） 我在城里参加一个会议，我的秘书告诉我会议组织者为我预订了房间。 ④The _______(organize) meeting suggested bad preparation, so we left.杂乱无章的会议表明准备工作做得不好，所以我们离开了。 ⑤“People are stereotyping（形成刻板印象）their gendered objects in very traditional ways，” says Ashley Martin，a Stanford associate professor of _______(organize) behavior.（2025•浙江卷） 斯坦福大学组织行为学副教授阿什利·马丁说：“人们以非常传统的方式对他们的性别对象进行刻板印象。” ①disorganized② organizations③organiser④organized⑤organizational 【语境串记】 These organizations are highly organised groups by the perfect organisers and we all like the activities they organised．这些组织是由优秀的的组织者组织起来的，我们都喜欢他们组织的活动。 2.goal n. 目标；球门；射门 Remember: the goal is accurate data, not speed. (2026• 全国I卷)记住：目标是准确的数据，而不是速度。 【考点拓展】 keep goal 守球门 achieve/reach/realize a goal 实现/达到一项目标 have a goal 有目标，有目的 fight for a goal 为目标而奋斗 【易混辨析】goal, aim goal 目的，目标。常用于文学作品中，强调个人精心选定的目标，含有不达目的不罢休、与困难拼搏的意思，该词本身使人联想到参加赛跑的人，他们必须跑到终点； aim 目的，目标。呈单数形式时，指目标，但较 goal 具体、简单、近期，决心也稍弱。该词修辞色彩也较朴素。呈复数形式时，指笼统的理想与目标。 【熟词生义】 n. 球门，进球得分 Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)将一片一片的橘子递给渴极了的孩子们跟看自己的小孩得分一样激动人心。 3.part n. 一部分,部分；分册,分辑;节,段;集；部件,零件；角色 Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).(2025• 全国I卷)在全球范围内运输货物和人员占全球二氧化碳排放量的很大一部分。 That's a radio serial in ten parts.(应用文之剧评) 那是一部十集广播连续剧。 What part did you play?你演什么角色? 【考点拓展】 partner n.搭档，同伴 for one's part至于某人;对某人来说； for the most part主要地；大多数情况下； in part在某种程度上;部分地； play a part in在...中起作用;参与； take part in参加 ①Students record short entries after each _________(part) meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed.(2024• 北京卷) 学生们在每次同伴会议后记录下练习的语言技能和讨论的话题。 ②The volunteer work not only broadened my horizons but also made me proud of myself for _____________________________ the Games. 志愿者工作不仅开阔了我的视野，也让我为奥运会起到作用而感到自豪。 ③In the UK and US, senior high school students ____________various after-school activities. 在英国和美国，高中生参加各种课外活动。 ①partner②playing a part in③take part in 【易混辨析】take part in / join in/ join/ attend take part in take part in 表示“参加”某种工作、事业、以积极的活动在工作和事业中起一份作用。故参加群众的活动、运动、会议等不宜用join in ，而用take part in； join in join in 意思为“参加某项活动”，诸如游戏、唱歌、讨论等，有时可跟表示延续性的时间状语； join join 的基本意思是“加入”，是非延续性动词，后接党派、社会团体等名词； attend attend 意思为“出席、参加会议、讲演、上课、音乐会等”。 【熟词生义】 v. 分手，分别；放弃；卖掉 Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. (2025• 全国I卷)显然，他对我们分手的方式不满意。 In order to raise money，he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions．为了筹集资金，他不得不卖掉一些最珍贵的财产。 4.improve v. 改进,改善;增进；增加,提高 Moreover, by predicting future decay patterns, AI helps museums take preventive measures and improve preservation strategies. (2026• 全国I卷)此外，通过预测未来的衰变模式，人工智能帮助博物馆采取预防措施并改进保护策略。 【考点拓展】 improved adj. 提高的；改进过的 improvement n. 改进,改善;增进 ①Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as ________(improve) grades and increased self-confidence.(2025• 全国II卷)青少年时期的志愿活动与一些主要的积极影响有关，比如提高的成绩和增强的自信心。 ②While safety ________(improve)might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. (2025• 全国I卷)虽然近年来我们的街道安全状况可能有所改善，但交通研究也表明，行人（尤其是幼儿）的流动性有所下降。 ①improved②improvements Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress 1.curious adj. 好奇的,渴望知道的; 奇怪的;难以理解的 Curious looks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a(n) locked lab.(2025• 北京卷)大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。 I was curious and planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me.(2024• 全国甲卷) 我很好奇，就和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。 【考点拓展】 be curious to do 好奇地去干某事 be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 It is curious that… ……是好奇的 curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n. 好奇心，好奇 out of curiosity 出于好奇 ①I am very glad to learn that you__________________ our newly established Labour Practice Base.(应用文之介绍信)我很高兴得知你对我们新成立的劳动实践基地很感兴趣。 ②Catherine noticed him stand still and then asked _________(curious), “What’s the matter, Peter?”(读后续写之对话描写) 凯瑟琳注意到他站着不动，便好奇地问：“怎么了，彼得？” ③It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the _________(curious) and the appetite.(2026• 全国I卷)关键不在于词语本身或我们如何学习它们，而在于渴望了解它们，那种好奇心和求知欲。 ④_________________, she opened the door quietly and went into it.(读后续写之动作描写) 出于好奇，她悄悄地打开门走了进去。 ①are curious about②curiously③curiosity④Out of curiosity 【易混辨析】curious, peculiar, strange,crazy curious 通常指非常特别或能引起注意、研究或探索的奇特 peculiar 侧重独一无二的特性，也指性格特征方面显著的与众不同 strange 普通常用词，含义广泛，指陌生新奇、奇怪、奇怪或不自然的人或物 crazy 多指与众不同的行为、外表或人与物本身，含荒唐可笑或神经不正常的意味 【句式升级】 I was curious to know more about it, so I went to the library to consult books. →___________________________________, I went to the library to consult books.(形容词短语作状语) Curious to know more about it 【语境串记】 My little brother is curious to about anything. Once , there were many guests in my study. Out of curiosity, she opened the door quietly and went in and looked curiously at them. 我弟弟对任何事都很好奇。有一次，我的书房里来了很多客人。出于好奇，她轻轻地打开门，走了进去，好奇地看着他们。 2.company n. 公司；商行 Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. (2026• 浙江1月卷)人类始终热衷于评价：口碑长期以来一直被视为企业可利用的最宝贵的营销工具之一。 【考点拓展】 for company 做伴；陪伴 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 keep company with 与……交往；与……结伴 companion n. 共事者；伴侣 accompany vt. 陪同，陪伴；伴随；（尤指用钢琴）为……伴奏；附带，附加 ①Toby was his constant _________(company), the one who kept him going.(2025• 全国I卷) 托比是他的忠实伙伴，是他的动力 ②Social benefits _________(company) by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. (2024• 北京卷)社会利益伴随着社会需求：我们必须相处，但不能忍受太多。 ③As the journey was long, he took a friend with him __________. 因这次旅行很远，所以他带了一个朋友和他做伴。 ④He became violently angry, since he had often warned his son not to __________that group of boys. 他非常生气，因为他经常警告他的儿子让他不要和那群家伙混在一起。 ①companion②are accompanied ③for company④keep company with 【熟词生义】 n. 陪伴 Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor, providing company and transportation.(2021·浙江)除非我必须出城，否则我每周都会带妈妈去购物和看医生，陪伴她，接送她。 【易混辨析】company, companion company作客人、同伴、朋友解，不用复数形式。可指一个或多个客人或朋友； companion 指同伴、同事、志趣相同的人。没有“客人”的意思，有单复数形式之分。 3.person n. 人; 人称; 身体; 容貌 Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back.(2025• 北京卷)下次你看到一个年轻人陷入沉思时，不要急于把他们拉回来。 【考点拓展】 in person亲自 in the person of代表;以...身份;名叫 personal adj. 个人的，私人的; 身体的; 亲自的；人身攻击的 personally adv. 亲自地; 就个人而言; 个别地; 私人地 personality n. 人格，人品，个性 personalize vt.使个性化；把……拟人化 ①I firmly believe that you will gain a lot about Chinese traditional culture if you can _______________________. Looking forward to your reply.(应用文之邀请信) 我坚信，如果你能来亲身体验，你会对中国传统文化有很多了解。期待您的回复。 ②Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can't be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world --- much less to their _________(person) interests. (2026• 浙江1月卷)学生常常来到教室时，认为学习无法带来乐趣，也觉得所学内容与现实世界无关，更不用说与自己的个人兴趣相关了。 ③“In 1999, I _________(person) saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says.(2024·浙江1月卷) ④The players’ _________(person) are revealed during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.(2025• 全国I卷)她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。 ⑤By using machine learning and advanced algorithms (算法), these institutions are creating _________(person) visitor journeys, protecting delicate collections, and revealing hidden stories.(2026• 全国I卷)通过运用机器学习和先进算法，这些机构正在打造个性化的参观体验，保护珍贵藏品，并揭示隐藏的故事。 ①come and experience in person②personal③personally④personalities⑤personalized 【语境串记】 Despite their different personalities and personal interests , they became the best of friends. 尽管他们的个性和个人兴趣不同，但他们成为了最好的朋友。 4.style n. 风格,作风风格,作风风格,作风 Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes.(2025• 浙江1月卷)荷兰植物学家和设计师Piet Oudolf的花园推广了这种风格，为种植混合增添了艺术气息。 【考点拓展】 come into style变得时髦; 流行起来; in style别具风格地, 时髦地; 很成功地; out of style不时髦的, 不时新的; The style is the man.[谚]文如其人 【熟词生义】 n.款式 Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.(2020•全国卷Ⅱ)新奥尔良和布鲁克林不同寻常的时装秀上，海狸鼠的皮毛被制成了不同款式的衣服。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Listening and Speaking 必修第一册 1.exchange n.交换;交流;互换 Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.(2025• 全国I卷)每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会,也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。 v.调换;交换 Curiouslooks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a locked lab. (2025• 北京卷)大家交换着好奇的眼神,都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。 【考点拓展】 in exchange (for...) 作为(对……的)交换 make an exchange交换 exchange student交换生 exchange A for B 用A交换B exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物 ① I want to travel to the US, so I go to the bank to _.(读后续写之细节描写)我想去美国旅游,所以我去银行把人民币兑换成美元。 ②I will take full advantage of the chance to _.(应用文之发言稿) 我将充分利用这次机会与他们交换观点。 ③I gave Mary a cellphone _my favorite Ipad. 我送给玛丽一部手机交换我最喜欢的Ipad。 【一句多译】 他卖掉了手表换了一件给妻子的礼物。 ①He exchanged_. (exchange A for B) ②He sold his watch_② . 2.lecture n.授课;演讲 Once in a lecture, the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates.(2025• 全国II卷)有一次上课,教授试图在三十个同学面前一遍又一遍地重复我的名字。 【易混辨析】speech/talk/lecture speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说; talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话; lecture学术性的演讲,讲课。 【熟词生义】 v. 训斥,教训 He’s always lecturing me about the way I dress. 他对我的衣着总是指手划脚的。 3.register n. 登记,注册;登记簿,花名册;挂号 No register of his death was found.没有查到他的死亡记录。 v. 登记,注册,申报 Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme.(2024• 北京卷)一旦确定了合适的配对,学生将被单独联系,并获得特别许可号码,以注册该计划。 【考点拓展】 registered adj. 注册的;登记过的;记名的 register for 为……注册(登记) register in (把……)登记为成员 registration n.登记,注册,挂号;登记证,注册证 ①I signed for a _(register) letter from a friend. 我签收了一封来自朋友的主册信。 ②How many members have officially registered _ the club? 该俱乐部正式登记的会员有多少? ③An increasing number of students are registering _ Chinese each year. 每年, 越来越多的学生注册学习汉语。 ④My first step of redefining success began with course _(register).(2025• 北京卷)我重新定义成功的第一步是从注册课程开始的。 【熟词生义1】 n.表达(意见或情感) The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our presentmental register.(2020•全国卷I)重读的美妙之处在于,我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的心理表达上的。 【熟词生义2】 n. 收银机 It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.(2021 浙江1月卷)要想快速移动需要很多收银机,有些商店负担不起空间和人力。 【语境串记】 The new couple need to register before they get married, because marriage without registration is not recognised by law.新人在结婚前需要登记,因为法律不承认未经登记的婚姻。 4.male adj. 男性的,男子的;雄的,公的 In her study,Martin asked participants to rate their attachment to male,female,and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.”(2025• 浙江1月卷)在她的研究中,马丁要求参与者评估他们对男性、女性和无性别的数字语音助手和名为“Miuu”的自动驾驶汽车的依恋程度。 n.男子 ; 雄性动物 In most birds, the male is bigger and more brightly colored than the female.雄鸟大抵都比雌鸟大,而且羽毛颜色更鲜艳。 【考点拓展】 female adj. 女的,女性的 5.nation n.国家,民族;国民 This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. (2024• 全国甲卷)这个地方,以其独特而令人惊叹的自然美景,必须被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。 【考点拓展】 nationality n. 国籍;民族; national adj.全国性的;民族的;国家的; nationally adv.在全国范围内;全国性地 ①I've got two tickets for the _(nation) Theater. Would you like to come?(2025• 全国II卷)我有两张国家剧院的票。你愿意来吗? ②All applicants will be considered regardless of age, sex, religion or _(nation).(应用文之招聘信)所有申请者,不论其年龄、性别、宗教信仰及国籍,都可考虑。 ③The place is _(national) known for its melons and fruit, especially its seedless grapes. 这里的瓜果, 尤其是无核葡萄驰名全国。 【易混辨析】nation/country/state nation侧重指国家或民族; country侧重指地理疆域; state侧重于指政府、国家机器。 【语境串记】 Although He was of British nationality, he made the newspaper national in China.虽然他是英国籍,但他使这份报纸在中国成为全国性的报纸。 6.design n. 设计;设计方案 A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.(2025• 浙江卷)一种新颖的园艺设计方法在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。 vt. 设计;筹划 Each parking zone consists of multiple lots, designed to efficiently manage traffic across the venue’s network.(2026• 全国I卷) 每个停车区由多个停车场组成,旨在高效管理场馆内的交通流。 【考点拓展】 design sth. for 为……设计某物 be designed to 旨在做……,用于做…… make designs for 为……做设计 by design (=on purpose) 故意地(反义短语:by accident/by chance偶然地) have designs on/ against对……别有用心,对……有不良意图 designer n. 设计者 ①Dutch plantsman and _(design) Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style,adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes. (2025• 浙江卷)荷兰植物学家和设计师Piet Oudolf的花园推广了这种风格,为种植混合增添了艺术气息。 ②Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or _?(读后续写之细节描写)你认为大楼被烧是意外事故,还是有意为之? ③This film _the 100th school anniversary, focusing on the history and development of our school.(应用文之影评)该电影是专门为100年校庆设计的,重点放在学校的历史和发展上。 ④Although the Eiffel Tower _for 20 years, it is still standing today.尽管埃菲尔铁塔最初设计时只能存在20年,但它至今仍然屹立在那儿。 【句式升级】 This project was designed to help the students in need. But it just didn't work out as planned. ①This project _ just didn't work out as planned.(过去分词短语作定语) ②This project_ just didn't work out as planned.(定语从句) 【易混辨析】plan; design; project;intention; purpose plan是通用词,指事先做出一种按程序做事的方法或对各部分的配置安排; design强调按照目标、意向或目的而做的小心安排; project强调为试验或实验而提出的计划,常常是大规模的,有时是不切实际的。 intention指一个人有意要做,但并不永远指他有决心或确定的计划; purpose指一个人打算要做的事或得到一件确定的东西,并努力去争取。 7.formal adj. 外形的, 正式的, 合礼仪的, 形式的, 整齐匀称的 Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing.(2025• 浙江卷)除了特殊场合的礼服,坦尼娅还在寻找不太正式的服装。 【考点拓展】 formally adv.正式地;按传统(礼仪或规则);形式上,理论上 informal adj. 非正式的,口语体的 ①There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication,whether written,spoken,formal,or _(formal).(2025• 浙江卷)传递任何形式的交流都没有价值,无论是书面的、口头的、正式的还是非正式的。 ②We _(formal) invite you to visit our hometown. 我们正式邀请你来我们的家乡。 Reading and Thinking 1.anxiety n. 忧虑,焦虑,担心; 渴望 Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. (2025• 全国II卷)从伦敦到什鲁斯伯里市中心很有挑战性,但这种焦虑是值得的。 【考点拓展】 anxious adj. 不安的;担心的;渴望的 anxiously adv. 焦急地;担忧地 be anxious about / for 对……感到担忧 / 挂念 be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事 be anxious that … 担心……;着急…… ①And I applied with the same_①(anxiety) excitement as before.(2023 北京卷) 我和以前一样焦虑地兴奋起来。 ②The old woman was_(anxious) awaiting the return of her relatives. (读后续写之人物描写) 老妇人望眼欲穿地盼望亲人归来。 ③He_ the safety of his child who went to the big city to look for a job. (读后续写之人物描写) ④孩子去大城市找工作,他有些担忧。 He is anxious _(enter) for the competition.他很想去参加比赛。 【易混辨析】anxious/eager/keen anxious 强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切心情。 eager 侧重于急于成功的迫切心情。 keen 强调因兴趣强烈或欲望而急于做某事。 worried 侧重因为某事或某人而感到担心发愁。 【句式升级】 I'm so anxious about the coming exam that I can hardly fall asleep at night. _, I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作状语) 【语境串记】 The anxious parents waited anxiously by the phone. We can even feel their anxiety.焦急的父母在电话旁焦急地等待着。我们甚至可以感受到他们的焦虑。 2.annoy vt. 使不悦;惹恼 The way you handle chopsticks is important to avid annoying your companions. (2022 全国甲卷) 你使用筷子的方式很重要,以免惹恼你的同伴。 【考点拓展】 It annoys sb. that ……使某人恼怒 annoyed / n d/ adj. 恼怒的;生气的 be annoyed with sb. 对某人生气 be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事而生气 annoying adj. 令人恼怒的;令人烦恼的 ①I was so_(annoy) that I strongly wanted to write a letter to the press. 我非常恼怒,以致觉得非给报社写封信不可。(应用文之投诉信) ②A professor should not _ me if I answer an important call during class. (应用文之投诉信) 在课堂上如果我接了一个重要的电话,教授也不该对我恼怒。 ③You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice the more you start to apply it to other, more _(annoy) situations.(应用文之建议信) 你很快就会发现,你练习的耐心越多,你就越能把它应用到其他更恼人的情况中。 【易混辨析】annoy/bother annoy指外界的打扰令人讨厌或无法忍受,因而感到烦恼,或指某人故意去妨碍别人惹他生气; bother程度比annoy轻微,指麻烦或不停地打扰别人,使其不得安宁,或由于外界某种使人迷惑、焦虑、烦恼的事情而感到不安。 【语境串记】 My friend’s talking with full food in his mouth annoyed me.Although I am annoyed with him about his annoying habit,he can’t get rid of it.我朋友嘴里含着食物说话让我很烦。虽然我对他那讨厌的习惯很生气,但他却改掉不了。 3.fright n. 惊吓 A tree fell on the house and gave Mary a fright. 一棵树倒在房子上,吓了玛丽一大跳。 【考点拓展】 with fright 惊恐地, 害怕地 frighten vt. 使惊吓;吓唬 frighten... away/off 把……吓跑 be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事 frighten sb. into/out of (doing) sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事 be frightened to death 吓得要死 be frightened that 害怕…… frightening(frightful) adj. 令人恐惧的;可怕的 frightfully adv. 可怕地 ①We revere (敬畏) them even as they give us _(frighten) dreams.(2023•全国甲卷)我们敬畏他们,即使他们给我们可怕的梦。 ②People often regard him as _(frigh) or monstrous, but in fact he is just and righteous. 人们常常认为他是可怕和丑陋的, 但实际上他是公正和正义的。 ③Mr. Darling was _(frightful) ashamed of himself, but he would not give in.(读后续写之细节描写)达琳先生为自己感到非常羞愧,但他不肯认错。 ④Though badly _ (frighten), the girl remained outwardly calm.(读后续写之细节描写)尽管非常害怕,小女孩还是故作镇定。 ⑤The children's shouts _. (读后续写之细节描写)孩子们的喊声把鸟儿吓飞了。 【句式升级】 She was frightened by the frightening scene. She got so nervous that she trembled from head to foot. _, she got so nervous that she trembled from head to foot.(过去分词短语作状语) 【易混辨析】frighten, alarm, terrify, scare frighten用得最广泛,可指各种或不同程度的恐惧。通常指突然感到的恐惧。有时也可以指长期处于恐惧的状态; alarm比frighten所表达的恐惧程度轻一些。主要指由于意识到可能发生某种危险而引起的警觉或恐惧,alarm还可表示忧虑和担心的意思; terrify在这一组词中语气最强烈,主要表示一种难以自制的、强烈的惊恐; scare与frighten 的意思很接近,有突然吓住的意思。是非正式用语,含有“把小孩、胆小的人或动物吓跑,吓得畏缩、颤抖或不敢做某事“的意思。 【语境串记】 At the sight of the frightening scene, which frightened anyone, he was almost frightened to death with fright.看到这使任何人都害怕的可怕情景,他几乎被吓死了。 4.impress v.使钦佩,使留下深刻印象;使铭记;压,压印 I was sure my experience would impress Emma. (2026•浙江高考1月卷)我确信我的经历会让艾玛印象深刻。 【考点拓展】 impress sb. with sth. 以……给某人留下印象 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到某事的重要性) be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻 impression n. 印象, 感想; 影响, 效果 make/leave/give a good impression on sb. 给某人留下一个好印象 have a/an... impression of sb. 对某人有……的印象 impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 impressively adv.令人难忘地;感人地 ①The Hereford Cathedral is the most_ (impress) building in town.(2025• 全国II卷)赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。 ②The girl impressed her boyfriend’s family _ her liveliness and sense of humour. 姑娘又活泼又富幽默感, 未婚夫家人十分喜欢她。 ③First of all, I will show you around our campus so that you can get a general _ (impress) of our school.(应用文之校园类)首先,我会带你参观我们的校园,这样你就能对我们学校有一个大致的印象。 ④Li Kang is very _ (impress) with the teachers and the technology in his new school.(应用文之校园类)李康对新学校里的老师和新科技印象深刻。 ⑤ We need the ability to work out which messes are worth avoiding — because however _ (impressive) fast you move, some things can’t be easily unbroken.(2026• 北京卷)我们需要有能力判断哪些混乱是值得避免的——因为无论你进展得多么迅速,有些事情都难以轻易改变。 【句式升级】 I was impressed by the beautiful scenery and forgot to go back home in time. _, I forgot to go back home in time.(过去分词短语作状语) 【一句多译】 我第一次见他时,他的幽默感给我留下了深刻的印象。 ①The first time I saw him, his sense of humor_. (impression) ②The first time I saw him,I_.(impress) 【帮你记词】 sion 作后缀时,表示名词,这样的词主要有:confusion 混乱;explosion 爆炸;decision决定;impression印象 ;admission 允许进入;expansion扩张, discussion讨论;;possession拥有 【熟词生义1】 v. 使……意识到 He impressed on us the need of education.他使我们意识到了教育的必要。 【熟词生义2】 n. 印记, 痕迹 There are some impressions of shoes on the sand. 沙滩上有一些鞋印。 【语境串记】 I was greatly impressed by his impressive deeds, which also left a deep impression on the others.他的事迹给我留下了深刻的印象,也给其他人留下了深刻的印象。 5.what句式结构 what’s more 更重要的是,另外还有 What else? 还有其他的吗? so what? 那又怎么样?用于承认某事实是真实的,并质问由此会推出何种结论; what’s up? 最近怎么样 what’s wrong? 怎么了?类似的表达法还有:What’s the matter (with you)? / What’s the trouble (with you)?等; what else? 还需要别的什么吗?在购物或是吃饭时,总会被问到Anything else?或What else?, 回答时可说Yes. 或Nothing else. (不需要其它东西)。 what about …? = How about 对于…… (事情)怎样?跟名词或动名词。 what if 即使......又有什么要紧;倘使......将会怎样 ①That’s interesting. _ can they do? (2025• 全国II卷)这很有趣。他们还能做什么? ②_this activity provides us an opportunity to make a better understanding among students from around the world. 此外,这项活动为我们提供了一个机会,使来自世界各地的学生更好地理解。 ③_the weather conditions in Vancouver this time of year? Should I bring more warm clothes?顺便问一下,每年这个时候温哥华的天气情况怎么样? 我应该带更暖和的衣服吗? ④_ _ we move the picture over there? Do you think it'll look better?即使我们把图片移到那边又能怎样?你认为那样看起来更好吗? ⑤_? There's such a loud noise in the corridor.出什么事啦? 走廊里喧闹声那么大。 ⑥—The department is closed. 百货公司关门了。 —_ We can go to the convenience store. 那又怎么样?我们可以去便利商店呀! ⑦_the spider had been climbing the wrong corner of the cave?(2026• 北京卷)如果那只蜘蛛爬错了洞穴的角落,会怎样? 6.concentrate v.专注,专心,集中,使...集中于一点 And it has made it impossible for her to concentrate.(2025• 全国II卷)这让她无法集中注意力。 【图表助记】 ①During most of the class, we follow Angela and _making tiny, isolated (单独) movements.(2026• 全国II卷) 在课堂的大部分时间里,我们跟随安吉拉,专注于做出微小而独立的动作。 ②The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced_(concentrate) , an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.(2024• 新课标I卷)其原因与多种因素有关,包括注意力不集中、娱乐心态以及在消费数字内容时倾向于多任务处理。 ③Setting goals can provide clarity and direction to your studies, helping you stay_(concentrate) and motivated.(应用文之建议信)设定目标可以为你的学习提供清晰的方向,帮助你保持专注和动力。 【一句多译】 他集中精力学习,没有注意到我进来。 ① _, he didn’t notice the door open. (现在分词作原因状语) ② _ , he didn’t notice the door open. (with复合结构) 【语境串记】 Concentration is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.对于这类工作,集中精力是很重要的,只有集中精力,你才能把它做好。 7.experiment n. 实验; 试用 Before we begin today’s experiment, let’s review the lab rules.(2026• 全国I卷)在开始今天的实验之前,让我们先回顾一下实验室规则。 v. 做实验 Using an old 3D printer, Mark started experimenting. (2025• 北京卷)马克用一台旧的3D打印机开始试验。 【熟词生义】 v. 尝试 Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. (2025• 全国II卷) 英国的Silo等餐厅已经尝试过零浪费系统,但wastED将这一概念带到了合乎逻辑的结论。 8.leave v. ①离开(某处)②离开(某人)的身边;遗弃,离弃③辞去(工作等);脱离(组织等)④遗忘;丢下⑤听任,使处于某种状态⑥留给⑦把...交给;委托⑧剩下 Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue.(2025• 全国I卷) 最终,我哥哥决定离开,而不是强迫这个问题。 n. 准假;休假;休假期 Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.(2025• 全国II卷)我们的研究表明,在植物丰富的工作场所,人们的病假减少了30%。 【考点拓展】 leave aside不考虑 leave behind忘了带;留下 leave for动身去 leave out省去;遗漏;冷落 on leave在休假中 take (one's) leave of sb.向某人告别 leave sb./sth. alone不惹,不管,不碰 leave+复合宾语”结构中, 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语, 表示宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系; 过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示宾语与宾语补足语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系; 不定式作宾语补足语, 表示该动作尚未发生。 ①While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was _ in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes.(2024• 全国甲卷)当大人们在外面忙着严肃的谈话时,我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。 ② Ivy felt _. Mia, however, didn’t know it and went her way as usual.(2026• 北京卷)艾薇觉得被冷落了。而米娅却并不知道,照常地继续自己的事情。 ③And with each step she took, she_a legacy of inspiration for those who followed in her footsteps, knowing that even without a clear sense of direction, there's always a way to find one's way.她每走一步,都给那些追随她脚步的人留下了深刻的灵感,她知道即使没有明确的方向感,总有办法找到自己的路。(2024• 浙江1月卷) ④Jack was lucky enough to survive the serious earthquake, but the narrow escape has left him _ (shake)with terror. (读后续写之细节描写)Jack很幸运地在严重的地震中幸存下来,但是死里逃生使他害怕得发抖。 ⑤The guests left most of the dishes _(touch), because they didn’t taste delicious. 客人们没有动大部分菜,因为它们尝起来不好吃。 ⑥What disappoints me is that she leaves me _(finish) the work by myself.使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这项工作。 9.awkward adj. (动作,形态等)难看的,难使用的, 笨拙的;难处理的,棘手的,为难的,使人尴尬的 The awkward moment ended with the class erupting into laughter.(2025• 全国II卷)这个尴尬的时刻以全班哄堂大笑结束。 It was an awkward situation, because the restaurant was too expensive for us but we didn't want to just leave.(读后续写之细节描写) 这是一个尴尬的情况,因为餐厅对我们来说太贵了,但我们又不想就这么离开。 【易混辨析】awkward, clumsy awkward指人的行为、动作缺少优雅、机敏或技巧; 而clumsy则指外形笨重,行动不灵活。 选词填空:awkward, clumsy 1.It’s a little _, because he’s my friend but I’m still his boss. 2. It’s not easy walking in these _ shoes. 10.explore v.探索;探险 In your free time, you can explore the city, have language classes, surf or choose your favourite from among the following. (2026• 北京卷)在空闲时间,您可以游览城市、参加语言课程、冲浪,或从以下选项中选择您最喜爱的活动。 【考点拓展】 explorer n. 探险家 exploration n. 探险 ①In the race to the South Pole, there was a Japanese team attempting to be first, led by heroic _(explore)Nobu Shirase.(读后续写之细节描写)在前往南极的比赛中,有一支由英勇的探险家 Nobu Shirase 带领的日本队伍全力争夺第一名。 ②These small yet significant changes will undoubtedly contribute to making our library an ideal place for learning and _(explore).(应用文之介绍信)这些小而重要的变化无疑将使我们的图书馆成为一个学习和探索的理想场所。 【语境串记】 Many explorers came here to explore the mountain.Without doubt,it’s worth the exploration.许多探险家来这里考察这座山。毫无疑问,这是值得探索的。 11.confidence n. 信心; 信任; 秘密 “Admittedly, I had little confidence in the beginning,” says Ursula, “but the Sunflower Farm rose to fame and has become one of the most sought-after destinations in the province.”(2026• 浙江1月卷)“诚然,起初我对这里并不太有信心,”乌苏拉说道,“但向日葵农场逐渐声名鹊起,已成为该省最受追捧的旅游目的地之一。” 【考点拓展】 have confidence in对……有信心, 信任 confident adj. 确信的;有信心的,自信的 be confident of 对…确信,有把握 ①"Well," I said, trying to sound _(confidence) for her, "I would calm it down and help it find its way home."(2026•浙江高考1月卷)“嗯,”我说着,努力让自己听起来显得自信,“我会让它平静下来,然后帮它找到回家的路。” ②I _ my own youth and energy so that I thought I could win this game.(读后续写之细节描写)我对自己的年轻和精力很有信心,因此我觉得能赢得这场比赛。 【句式升级】 ①I have confidence in our future. 我对我们的未来充满信心。 ②I’m confident that China will be more powerful than most of the western countries in the following 50 years.我相信中国在未来五十年内会比大部分西方国家更强大。 ⑥用分词短语把①②合并为一句 【易混辨析】sure, certain, confident sure强调"主观上确信无疑的"; certain指"有充分根据或理由而相信的"; confident 强调"对某人[物]坚信的或满怀信心的"。 【易混辨析】belief faith trust confidence belief 指“承认某事是真的, 尽管有或没有确凿的证据”; faith 指“认为有确凿证据或道理而完全相信”; trust 指“信赖”、“信任”, 含有“坚定的信念”的意思; confidence 指“在有证据的基础上相信”, 也常指“自信”、“有把握”。 Discovering Useful Structures 1.look v.看;注意,留神;好像;看起来;朝着,面向 It takes a lot of thought to look this natural.(2025• 浙江卷)要让自己看起来这么自然,需要花很多心思。 n. 看,瞥;脸色,眼神,表情;外表,样子;面容,美貌 I often draw pictures in pubs,and people always come over for a look and a chat.(2025• 浙江卷)我经常在酒吧里画画,人们总是过来看一看,聊聊天。 【考点拓展】 look after 照料,照看,照顾 look at 看一看,对待,看待 look down on/ upon 俯视; 轻视某人 look for 寻找,寻求 look into 研究,了解,向里面看;考虑 look into one’s face正视某人 look on 旁观 look through仔细检查或审查(某物),翻阅,看一遍 look on/ upon as 把看作,认为 look out for 注意,当心,提防 look back on/at 回顾 look out 找出,查出,当心 look round /about 环顾四周 look forward to 期待 look up查寻,查阅,仰视,抬头看,好转 ①We should be _ upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.(2025• 全国I卷)我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂,让它们去除微塑料。 ②He and his wife began _ a place in Manhattan.(2026• 全国II卷) 他和妻子开始在曼哈顿寻找住处。 ③Volunteers are also more likely to _ their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. (2025• 全国II卷)志愿者也更有可能照顾自己的健康,更注重在生活中增加体育活动。 ④As I move through my college years, I_ the visits to my little hometown.(2026• 全国I卷)随着大学生活的进行,我越来越期待回到家乡探望。 ⑤In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of _ art. (2024• 北京卷)30多岁时,我结交了画家朋友,学会了看待艺术的新方法。 ⑥ I decided that I wanted to learn as many words as I could and started marking every entry I _ with a pencil to measure my progress.(2026• 全国I卷) 我决定尽可能多地学习单词,并开始用铅笔标记每一个查过的词条,以衡量自己的进步。 ⑦I like to _ my high school days, which were the happiest in my life.(应用文之学校类)我喜欢回顾我的中学时代,那是我生命中最快乐的时光。 ⑧People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs , _ old magazines , all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上,翻看旧杂志,这些杂志以前都读过几百遍了。 【易混辨析1】sight/scene/ view/look sight表示“所见之处”,范围很广; scene表示“人为的、人物活动的场景”,强调人物在其中起的作用; view用来强调自然界中的山、水、景物; look用来讲外表、神色。 【易混辨析2】observe/look/see/notice/watch/stare/glare observe的意思是用眼睛看到并注意到,通过认真地看而观察到,译成"观察",如观察星星、某现象等; look的意思是有意识地使用眼睛或视力,译成"看"; look at的意思是把眼睛转向目标,译成"看或看着"; see的意思是有意或无意用眼睛看的结果,译成"看见"; notice的意思是用眼睛或其他感官或感觉注意,译成"注意到或看到"; watch的意思是仔细认真地跟踪运动着的目标,译成"观看或监视"。 2.note n.短笺,便条;笔记,记录;注释,批注 Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.”(2024• 浙江卷)给老师们的提示:儿童剧院有一份学习指南,展示了如何通过《汤姆 索亚》教授数学和科学。 v.留意,注意;指出,提及;记录,记下 It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage.(2025• 全国II卷)值得注意的是,从技术上讲,《浪费》的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。 【考点拓展】 make/take a note of把...记下来 take note of注意 【熟词生义1】 n. 音,音符;②n. 声调,语气 “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed.“ He’s interested in the music, feeling every note.(2021 全国 卷)“我的丈夫是最糟糕的翻页者,”她笑着说。“他对音乐很感兴趣,感受着每一个音符”。 Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.(2021 全国 卷)表情符号可以使交流感觉更友好,甚至严肃的语气也可以通过一个鼓励的微笑来缓和。 Listening and Talking 1.organise vt. 组织;筹备;安排;组建;组建;成立 “But it’s also a great challenge, for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event,” Ribeiro said. (2025• 浙江1月卷) Ribeiro说:“但这也是一个巨大的挑战,因为有时组织一场活动需要几天的时间。” 【考点拓展】 organize into 组成 organization组织,机构。 organized adj. 有组织的,有系统的 disorganized adj. 无组织的,无系统的 organiser n. [C]组织者;发起人 organizational adj.组织的,安排的;有关组织(或机构)的 ①This paper _is organized into three parts and consists of five chapters. 全文共五章,分为三个部分。 ②He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an _(organize) engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(2026• 全国II卷) 他共同创立了弗兰克 劳埃德 赖特建筑保护协会,该组织致力于保护赖特所有现存的建筑。 ③I’m attending a conference in the city and my secretary told me that the conference _(organise) made the reservation for me.(2025•浙江卷) 我在城里参加一个会议,我的秘书告诉我会议组织者为我预订了房间。 ④The _(organize) meeting suggested bad preparation, so we left.杂乱无章的会议表明准备工作做得不好,所以我们离开了。 ⑤“People are stereotyping(形成刻板印象)their gendered objects in very traditional ways,” says Ashley Martin,a Stanford associate professor of _(organize) behavior.(2025•浙江卷) 斯坦福大学组织行为学副教授阿什利 马丁说:“人们以非常传统的方式对他们的性别对象进行刻板印象。” 【语境串记】 These organizations are highly organised groups by the perfect organisers and we all like the activities they organised.这些组织是由优秀的的组织者组织起来的,我们都喜欢他们组织的活动。 2.goal n. 目标;球门;射门 Remember: the goal is accurate data, not speed. (2026• 全国I卷)记住:目标是准确的数据,而不是速度。 【考点拓展】 keep goal 守球门 achieve/reach/realize a goal 实现/达到一项目标 have a goal 有目标,有目的 fight for a goal 为目标而奋斗 【易混辨析】goal, aim goal 目的,目标。常用于文学作品中,强调个人精心选定的目标,含有不达目的不罢休、与困难拼搏的意思,该词本身使人联想到参加赛跑的人,他们必须跑到终点; aim 目的,目标。呈单数形式时,指目标,但较 goal 具体、简单、近期,决心也稍弱。该词修辞色彩也较朴素。呈复数形式时,指笼统的理想与目标。 【熟词生义】 n. 球门,进球得分 Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.(2019 全国 卷)将一片一片的橘子递给渴极了的孩子们跟看自己的小孩得分一样激动人心。 3.part n. 一部分,部分;分册,分辑;节,段;集;部件,零件;角色 Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).(2025• 全国I卷)在全球范围内运输货物和人员占全球二氧化碳排放量的很大一部分。 That's a radio serial in ten parts.(应用文之剧评) 那是一部十集广播连续剧。 What part did you play?你演什么角色? 【考点拓展】 partner n.搭档,同伴 for one's part至于某人;对某人来说; for the most part主要地;大多数情况下; in part在某种程度上;部分地; play a part in在...中起作用;参与; take part in参加 ①Students record short entries after each _(part) meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed.(2024• 北京卷) 学生们在每次同伴会议后记录下练习的语言技能和讨论的话题。 ②The volunteer work not only broadened my horizons but also made me proud of myself for _ the Games. 志愿者工作不仅开阔了我的视野,也让我为奥运会起到作用而感到自豪。 ③In the UK and US, senior high school students _various after-school activities. 在英国和美国,高中生参加各种课外活动。 【易混辨析】take part in / join in/ join/ attend take part in take part in 表示“参加”某种工作、事业、以积极的活动在工作和事业中起一份作用。故参加群众的活动、运动、会议等不宜用join in ,而用take part in; join in join in 意思为“参加某项活动”,诸如游戏、唱歌、讨论等,有时可跟表示延续性的时间状语; join join 的基本意思是“加入”,是非延续性动词,后接党派、社会团体等名词; attend attend 意思为“出席、参加会议、讲演、上课、音乐会等”。 【熟词生义】 v. 分手,分别;放弃;卖掉 Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. (2025• 全国I卷)显然,他对我们分手的方式不满意。 In order to raise money,he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions.为了筹集资金,他不得不卖掉一些最珍贵的财产。 4.improve v. 改进,改善;增进;增加,提高 Moreover, by predicting future decay patterns, AI helps museums take preventive measures and improve preservation strategies. (2026• 全国I卷)此外,通过预测未来的衰变模式,人工智能帮助博物馆采取预防措施并改进保护策略。 【考点拓展】 improved adj. 提高的;改进过的 improvement n. 改进,改善;增进 ①Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as _(improve) grades and increased self-confidence.(2025• 全国II卷)青少年时期的志愿活动与一些主要的积极影响有关,比如提高的成绩和增强的自信心。 ②While safety _(improve)might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. (2025• 全国I卷)虽然近年来我们的街道安全状况可能有所改善,但交通研究也表明,行人(尤其是幼儿)的流动性有所下降。 Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress 1.curious adj. 好奇的,渴望知道的; 奇怪的;难以理解的 Curious looks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a(n) locked lab.(2025• 北京卷)大家交换着好奇的眼神,都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。 I was curious and planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me.(2024• 全国甲卷) 我很好奇,就和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。 【考点拓展】 be curious to do 好奇地去干某事 be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 It is curious that… ……是好奇的 curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n. 好奇心,好奇 out of curiosity 出于好奇 ①I am very glad to learn that you_ our newly established Labour Practice Base.(应用文之介绍信)我很高兴得知你对我们新成立的劳动实践基地很感兴趣。 ②Catherine noticed him stand still and then asked _(curious), “What’s the matter, Peter?”(读后续写之对话描写) 凯瑟琳注意到他站着不动,便好奇地问:“怎么了,彼得?” ③It’s not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the _(curious) and the appetite.(2026• 全国I卷)关键不在于词语本身或我们如何学习它们,而在于渴望了解它们,那种好奇心和求知欲。 ④_, she opened the door quietly and went into it.(读后续写之动作描写) 出于好奇,她悄悄地打开门走了进去。 【易混辨析】curious, peculiar, strange,crazy curious 通常指非常特别或能引起注意、研究或探索的奇特 peculiar 侧重独一无二的特性,也指性格特征方面显著的与众不同 strange 普通常用词,含义广泛,指陌生新奇、奇怪、奇怪或不自然的人或物 crazy 多指与众不同的行为、外表或人与物本身,含荒唐可笑或神经不正常的意味 【句式升级】 I was curious to know more about it, so I went to the library to consult books. _, I went to the library to consult books.(形容词短语作状语) 【语境串记】 My little brother is curious to about anything. Once , there were many guests in my study. Out of curiosity, she opened the door quietly and went in and looked curiously at them. 我弟弟对任何事都很好奇。有一次,我的书房里来了很多客人。出于好奇,她轻轻地打开门,走了进去,好奇地看着他们。 2.company n. 公司;商行 Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. (2026• 浙江1月卷)人类始终热衷于评价:口碑长期以来一直被视为企业可利用的最宝贵的营销工具之一。 【考点拓展】 for company 做伴;陪伴 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 keep company with 与……交往;与……结伴 companion n. 共事者;伴侣 accompany vt. 陪同,陪伴;伴随;(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏;附带,附加 ①Toby was his constant _(company), the one who kept him going.(2025• 全国I卷) 托比是他的忠实伙伴,是他的动力 ②Social benefits _(company) by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. (2024• 北京卷)社会利益伴随着社会需求:我们必须相处,但不能忍受太多。 ③As the journey was long, he took a friend with him _. 因这次旅行很远,所以他带了一个朋友和他做伴。 ④He became violently angry, since he had often warned his son not to _that group of boys. 他非常生气,因为他经常警告他的儿子让他不要和那群家伙混在一起。 【熟词生义】 n. 陪伴 Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor, providing company and transportation.(2021 浙江)除非我必须出城,否则我每周都会带妈妈去购物和看医生,陪伴她,接送她。 【易混辨析】company, companion company作客人、同伴、朋友解,不用复数形式。可指一个或多个客人或朋友; companion 指同伴、同事、志趣相同的人。没有“客人”的意思,有单复数形式之分。 3.person n. 人; 人称; 身体; 容貌 Next time you see a young person lost in thought, don’t rush to pull them back.(2025• 北京卷)下次你看到一个年轻人陷入沉思时,不要急于把他们拉回来。 【考点拓展】 in person亲自 in the person of代表;以...身份;名叫 personal adj. 个人的,私人的; 身体的; 亲自的;人身攻击的 personally adv. 亲自地; 就个人而言; 个别地; 私人地 personality n. 人格,人品,个性 personalize vt.使个性化;把……拟人化 ①I firmly believe that you will gain a lot about Chinese traditional culture if you can _. Looking forward to your reply.(应用文之邀请信) 我坚信,如果你能来亲身体验,你会对中国传统文化有很多了解。期待您的回复。 ②Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can't be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world - much less to their _(person) interests. (2026• 浙江1月卷)学生常常来到教室时,认为学习无法带来乐趣,也觉得所学内容与现实世界无关,更不用说与自己的个人兴趣相关了。 ③“In 1999, I _(person) saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says.(2024 浙江1月卷) ④The players’ _(person) are revealed during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.(2025• 全国I卷)她补充说:“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来,一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。 ⑤By using machine learning and advanced algorithms (算法), these institutions are creating _(person) visitor journeys, protecting delicate collections, and revealing hidden stories.(2026• 全国I卷)通过运用机器学习和先进算法,这些机构正在打造个性化的参观体验,保护珍贵藏品,并揭示隐藏的故事。 【语境串记】 Despite their different personalities and personal interests , they became the best of friends. 尽管他们的个性和个人兴趣不同,但他们成为了最好的朋友。 4.style n. 风格,作风风格,作风风格,作风 Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes.(2025• 浙江1月卷)荷兰植物学家和设计师Piet Oudolf的花园推广了这种风格,为种植混合增添了艺术气息。 【考点拓展】 come into style变得时髦; 流行起来; in style别具风格地, 时髦地; 很成功地; out of style不时髦的, 不时新的; The style is the man.[谚]文如其人 【熟词生义】 n.款式 Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.(2020•全国卷 )新奥尔良和布鲁克林不同寻常的时装秀上,海狸鼠的皮毛被制成了不同款式的衣服。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $