Unit 1 Great people 单元话题（伟人事迹）首字母填空进阶练12篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版）

**基本信息** 以伟人事迹为主题的首字母填空专项训练，分基础、进阶、综合三层次，精选12篇真题及外刊改编文本，系统提升词汇运用与语篇理解能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础入门训练|4篇（苏格拉底等）|单句挖空，考查核心名词/动词|从人物基本信息入手，建立"首字母-语境义"关联| |进阶拓展训练|4篇（钱学森等）|语篇连贯填空，增加形容词/副词|通过事迹发展过程，强化上下文逻辑推理| |能力综合实践|4篇（花木兰等）|语法形式转换，涉及时态/语态|融合文化背景与语言结构，提升综合语言运用能力|

2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Great people 单元话题（伟人事迹）首字母填空进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 Socrates (苏格拉底) was a scholar, teacher and philosopher, who was born in ancient Greece. People c 1 him to be the main source of western thought. Socrates had his own way of teaching. To help his pupils s 2 a problem, he would break it down into a series of questions. He was certain that, by answering the questions, the pupils would find out the t 3 by themselves. One of Socrates’ famous sayings is “The secret of happiness, you see, is not found in seeking more, but in developing the capacity (能力) to enjoy l 4 .” Socrates was sentenced (判决) to death for corrupting youth with his teaching. He could have saved himself. His pupils tried to get Socrates out of the p 5 . However, Socrates refused, because he didn’t doubt the justice of the law. He drank poisonous wine (毒酒) and died. Around 500 years ago, there were many wise men around the world. They worked all their lives to find out the secrets of nature. At that time Galileo Galilei was one of the most f 1 astronomers and he discovered many things. In 1609, Galileo heard about a new invention called the telescope, and he decided to build one to look at the universe. When he looked at the Moon, he found mountains and craters (坑). People at that time s 2 that the Moon was a round ball, and they had no idea there were mountains on it. Galileo also discovered that everything falls at the same speed. This was another a 3 of his. He dropped two round metal balls off the Leaning Tower of Pisa in front of a large audience. One ball was very h 4 , and the other was light. Both balls hit the ground at e 5 the same time. 根据短文的内容及首字母写出文中所缺单词。 Marie Curie, born on November 7th, 1867, was a great m 1 in science. She grew up in Poland and graduated from high school. However, at that time women were not allowed to enter u 2 in Poland. So she later went a 3 for college education. In France, she met Pierre Curie, her future husband. She lived a very poor life, but kept on with her scientific research. A 4 she met lots of difficulties during the process, she tried her best to solve the problems. Through years of hard work she made many great achievements. She was the first woman in history to win Nobel Prize twice. Marie Curie is c 5 as one of the most influential women in history. It was her determination and courage that led her to great success. She will always live in our hearts. Albert Einstein is known as a great scientist. Many people c 1 him a genius. But actually he is also a person with a great s 2 of humor. He often made people laugh. He received many invitations to explain his theories. One day, he was invited to give a lecture at a university. However, he was so tired that he wanted to a 3 doing that. But he didn’t want to let his audience down. His driver, Hans, said he had learned the lecture by h 4 . Einstein trusted him and let him give the lecture i 5 . It wasn’t difficult for Hans to do it. He felt relaxed and gave the lecture successfully. In the end, they left the university pleasantly. 进阶拓展训练4篇 阅读下面短文，并根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词（每空限填一词）。 China is one of the few countries to have nuclear in space technology and Qian Xuesen played an important role in it. Qian graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934 and then went abroad. He studied rocketry in the US. Because of his talent, he j 1 in the rocket experiment for the US Army in his 20s. Though he was highly paid in the US, Qian was still worried about China’s development. So he made a d 2 to return to his homeland in the 1950s. After a s 3 of experiments, China successfully launched its first atomic bomb in 1964. Qian was c 4 to be “father of space technology” for his great achievements. However, he remained modest. “As a Chinese scientist, my life’s purpose is to serve the people,” he said. “Qian Xuesen placed national interest ahead of p 5 gain. He should be remembered for his deep love of his country”, said Zhang Yiwu, a professor at Peking University. His experience has greatly encouraged China’s young generation to take up their responsibility. 根据下列篇章意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整的单词。（每空限填一词） Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is c 1 one of the greatest encyclopedias written in Chinese. But how much do you learn about its w 2 , Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist during the late Ming dynasty. He and his brother went to school together. They were very successful in the provincial Imperial Exam (乡试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam (会试), but they both f 3 . Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. But he was not l 4 enough to achieve any success. On his trips to the capital to take the e 5 , however, he learned about the different technologies and created Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. 阅读短文，根据上下文及所给的首字母写出所缺单词。 Zhuge Liang was c 1 to be one of the greatest men in ancient China. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a difficult situation. Sima Yi’s army was coming and Zhuge Liang’s support was still far away. There were not enough soldiers in West City. But Zhuge Liang thought of a method to s 2 this problem. Several soldiers were ordered to open the city gates and clean the roads. Zhuge Liang himself went up the city wall and began to play his favourite music softly there and seemed relaxed. When Sima Yi’s army arrived, they saw the open gates and empty streets. Only a few old soldiers were working as cleaners. Sima Yi’s army couldn’t believe their eyes. They d 3 what they saw, so they didn’t enter the city. Zhuge Liang told them that the city was empty and that they were welcome. But Sima Yi thought it was a trick, because Zhuge Liang had never made any uncertain plans. He wouldn’t t 4 Zhuge Liang. After some time, Sima Yi made a d 5 to leave. Zhuge Liang saved the whole city. 根据下列篇章的意思及所给首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答案时，要求写出完整的单词。(每空限填一词) When talking about traditional Chinese philosophy, people think of Confucius, or Kong Zi. So it’s important to understand who Confucius is and what kind of r 1 he has played in China’s history and development. B 2 in 551 BC, Confucius grew up in a poor family. He visited famous scholars and learnt a lot. He developed his thoughts into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism. Confucianism values self-cultivation, good relationships with each other and r 3 for the old. Friends should be honest to each other. Rulers should make an effort to provide a better life for people. When talking about personal relationships, Confucius once said, “Don’t do to others what you would not want others to do to you.” He was a great t 4 as well and promoted education for ordinary people. During his life, about 3, 000 students studied under his guidance. For more than 2, 000 years, his philosophy has deeply influenced China and the rest of the world. It is s 5 as the symbol of oriental culture. 能力综合实践4篇 请根据短文的内容，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词，并注意使用该词的正确形式。 A long time ago, there was a girl named Hua Mulan in ancient China. When she was young, the e 1 wanted to capture her country. Her father was too old to go out to the battle, so she dressed up like a man and joined the army instead of her father. Luckily in the army, no one n 2 she was a girl. The truth became a p 3 secret that only she knew. She fought very bravely and her army succeeded in g 4 against the foreigners in the battle. At last, she returned to her hometown and people finally knew the truth—Hua Mulan was a girl. She became a n 5 hero in people’s heart. 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Isaac Newton was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer. When he was young, his mother c 1 him not a good student, so she made Newton leave school to help the family with the farm work. Though Newton did e 2 what his mother told him, he didn’t like farming. He liked reading and solving math problems. A man noticed his gift and helped him go to u 3 . Newton never let his sponsor (赞助人) d 4 . He made great achievement in his life. For example, he published a book which tells the readers how the universe works. No doubt Newton is one of Britain’s greatest m 5 . Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, died in Beijing at the a 1 of 100 on Thursday, according to Peking University. A winner of the highest honor in the field of translation, Xu was best k 2 for his translations of ancient Chinese poems into E 3 and French that have gained worldwide recognition. Xu was a professor who t 4 at Peking University from 1983 and was awarded the “Lifetime achievements in translation” award from the Translators Association of China in 2010. He was also the first Asian translator to w 5 the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature — one of the highest honors among international translators. 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 At the end of the 15th century, the route was long and hard. It was nearly impossible to r 1 Asia from Europe by land. Portuguese people solved this problem by taking themselves to the sea: They s 2 south along the West African coast and around the Cape of Good Hope.    But Columbus had a different idea: Why not sail west across the Atlantic i 3 of along the large African continent? The young navigator’s logic was right, but his math was wrong. He thought (incorrectly) that the length of the Earth was much smaller than it was believed. So he believed that the j 4 by boat from Europe to Asia should be not only possible but easier. Was Christopher Columbus a hero? That d 5 on who you ask. He was a brave and skilled sailor and leader. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2026-2027学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Great people 单元话题（伟人事迹）首字母填空进阶练12篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。 Socrates (苏格拉底) was a scholar, teacher and philosopher, who was born in ancient Greece. People c 1 him to be the main source of western thought. Socrates had his own way of teaching. To help his pupils s 2 a problem, he would break it down into a series of questions. He was certain that, by answering the questions, the pupils would find out the t 3 by themselves. One of Socrates’ famous sayings is “The secret of happiness, you see, is not found in seeking more, but in developing the capacity (能力) to enjoy l 4 .” Socrates was sentenced (判决) to death for corrupting youth with his teaching. He could have saved himself. His pupils tried to get Socrates out of the p 5 . However, Socrates refused, because he didn’t doubt the justice of the law. He drank poisonous wine (毒酒) and died. 【答案】1．(c)onsider 2．(s)olve 3．(t)ruth 4．(l)ess 5．(p)rison 【导语】本文介绍了古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的教学理念及不幸遭遇。 1．句意：人们认为他是西方思想的主要来源。根据空后的“him to be the main source of western thought”及首字母提示可知，此处表示的是人们认为他是西方思想的主要来源，consider“认为”；根据句意可知，此处表示的事实，句子时态应用一般现在时，主语为“People（人们）”，所以谓语应用动词原形。故填(c)onsider。 2．句意：为了帮助学生解决一个问题，他会把它分解成一系列问题。根据下文“he would break it down into a series of questions. He was certain that, by answering the questions, the pupils would find out the…by themselves.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示的是为了帮助学生解决一个问题，solve“解决”；help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，固定词组，所以此处应用动词原形。故填(s)olve。 3．句意：他确信，通过回答问题，学生们会自己找出真相。根据上文“To help his pupils…a problem, he would break it down into a series of questions.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示的是学生们会自己找出真相，truth“真相”，为不可数名词。故填(t)ruth。 4．句意：快乐的秘密并不在于寻求更多想要的，而是在于培养清心寡欲的能力。根据空前的“but”及首字母提示可知，句意发生了转折，此处表示的是快乐的秘密在于培养清心寡欲的能力，less“较少”。故填(l)ess。 5．句意：他的学生试图把苏格拉底从监狱里救出来。根据“Socrates was sentenced (判决) to death for corrupting youth with his teaching.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示的是他的学生试图把苏格拉底从监狱里救出来，prison“监狱”。故填(p)rison。 Around 500 years ago, there were many wise men around the world. They worked all their lives to find out the secrets of nature. At that time Galileo Galilei was one of the most f 1 astronomers and he discovered many things. In 1609, Galileo heard about a new invention called the telescope, and he decided to build one to look at the universe. When he looked at the Moon, he found mountains and craters (坑). People at that time s 2 that the Moon was a round ball, and they had no idea there were mountains on it. Galileo also discovered that everything falls at the same speed. This was another a 3 of his. He dropped two round metal balls off the Leaning Tower of Pisa in front of a large audience. One ball was very h 4 , and the other was light. Both balls hit the ground at e 5 the same time. 【答案】1．(f)amous 2．(s)upposed 3．(a)chievement 4．(h)eavy 5．(e)xactly 【导语】本文主要介绍了天文学家、物理学家伽利略的两项重要科学发现：对月球的观测和自由落体定律。 1．句意：伽利略是当时最著名的天文学家之一，他发现了许多东西。根据“one of the most”可知，此处需要用形容词最高级形式。famous的最高级为most famous。故填(f)amous。 2．句意：那时人们以为月球是一个圆形的球体，完全不知道上面还有山脉。根据“People at that time…the Moon was a round ball”和首字母提示可知，此处表示“认为”，supposed“认为”。根据“at that time”和“the Moon was”可知，此处需要用动词的过去式形式。suppose的过去式为supposed。故填(s)upposed。 3．句意：这是他的另一个成就。根据“Galileo also discovered that everything falls at the same speed.”和“another”可知，此处表示另一个“成就”，achievement“成就”，用单数形式。故填(a)chievement。 4．句意：一个球很重，另一个很轻。根据“and the other was light”可知，此处需要用形容词作表语，且与“light”（轻的）相对。heavy“重的”符合句意。故填(h)eavy。 5．句意：两个球恰好同时落地。根据“the same time”可知，此处需要用副词形式表示“完全、恰好”。exactly“恰好”。故填(e)xactly。 根据短文的内容及首字母写出文中所缺单词。 Marie Curie, born on November 7th, 1867, was a great m 1 in science. She grew up in Poland and graduated from high school. However, at that time women were not allowed to enter u 2 in Poland. So she later went a 3 for college education. In France, she met Pierre Curie, her future husband. She lived a very poor life, but kept on with her scientific research. A 4 she met lots of difficulties during the process, she tried her best to solve the problems. Through years of hard work she made many great achievements. She was the first woman in history to win Nobel Prize twice. Marie Curie is c 5 as one of the most influential women in history. It was her determination and courage that led her to great success. She will always live in our hearts. 【答案】1．(m)ind 2．(u)niversities 3．(a)broad 4．(A)lthough 5．(c)onsidered 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名科学家居里夫人的生平事迹和伟大成就。 1．句意：玛丽·居里生于 1867 年 1 月 7 日，是一位科学伟人。great mind in science“科学伟人”，mind符合。故填(m)ind。 2．句意：然而，当时波兰不允许女性进入大学。根据下文“So she later went a…for college education.”可知，出国读大学，应是当时波兰不允许女性进入大学，university符合，此处用复数形式，表示泛指。故填(u)niversities。 3．句意：因此她后来出国接受大学教育。根据“In France, she met Pierre Curie, her future husband.”可知，她出国了，go abroad“出国”，是固定搭配。故填(a)broad。 4．句意：尽管她在研究过程中遇到许多困难，但她尽力解决问题。根据“…she met lots of difficulties during the process, she tried her best to solve the problems”的语境可知，此处句意发生了让步，Although符合。故填(A)lthough。 5．句意：玛丽·居里被视为历史上最具影响力的女性之一。此处表示人们对居里夫人的评价，应是她被视为历史上最具影响力的女性之一，be considered as“被认为是”，是固定搭配。故填(c)onsidered。 语篇填词 Albert Einstein is known as a great scientist. Many people c 1 him a genius. But actually he is also a person with a great s 2 of humor. He often made people laugh. He received many invitations to explain his theories. One day, he was invited to give a lecture at a university. However, he was so tired that he wanted to a 3 doing that. But he didn’t want to let his audience down. His driver, Hans, said he had learned the lecture by h 4 . Einstein trusted him and let him give the lecture i 5 . It wasn’t difficult for Hans to do it. He felt relaxed and gave the lecture successfully. In the end, they left the university pleasantly. 【答案】1．consider/onsider 2．sense/ense 3．avoid/void 4．heart/eart 5．instead/nstead 【导语】本文主要讲述了爱因斯坦因疲惫让司机代替自己做讲座的小故事，体现出爱因斯坦不仅是伟大科学家，还十分幽默随和。 1．句意：很多人认为他是天才。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语，全文主体时态为一般现在时，主语Many people是复数，动词用原形；结合固定搭配consider sb. (as) sth.“认为某人是……”以及首字母“c”，应填consider。 2．句意：但实际上他也是一个极具幽默感的人。该处需一个名词，固定短语a great sense of humor 表示“很强的幽默感”，结合首字母“s”，应填sense。 3．句意：然而他太累了，想要避免做这件事。该处需一个动词，want to后接动词原形；结合语境他疲惫不想做讲座，固定搭配avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，结合首字母“a”，应填avoid。 4．句意：他的司机汉斯说他已经熟记了这场讲座内容。根据“learned the lecture by…”可知，此处指“熟记讲座内容”，learn sth. by heart意为“熟记、背诵”，结合首字母“h”，应填heart。 5．句意：爱因斯坦信任他，就让他代替自己做这场讲座。结合语境，爱因斯坦让司机代替自己做演讲，首字母i，所以填副词instead“代替”，作方式状语修饰“let him give the lecture”，描述爱因斯坦做出“换人演讲”这个行为的方式。 进阶拓展训练4篇 阅读下面短文，并根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词（每空限填一词）。 China is one of the few countries to have nuclear in space technology and Qian Xuesen played an important role in it. Qian graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934 and then went abroad. He studied rocketry in the US. Because of his talent, he j 1 in the rocket experiment for the US Army in his 20s. Though he was highly paid in the US, Qian was still worried about China’s development. So he made a d 2 to return to his homeland in the 1950s. After a s 3 of experiments, China successfully launched its first atomic bomb in 1964. Qian was c 4 to be “father of space technology” for his great achievements. However, he remained modest. “As a Chinese scientist, my life’s purpose is to serve the people,” he said. “Qian Xuesen placed national interest ahead of p 5 gain. He should be remembered for his deep love of his country”, said Zhang Yiwu, a professor at Peking University. His experience has greatly encouraged China’s young generation to take up their responsibility. 【答案】1．joined/oined 2．decision/ecision 3．series/eries 4．considered/onsidered 5．personal/ersonal 【导语】本文主要介绍了钱学森为中国航天核技术发展作出的巨大贡献，赞扬了他淡泊名利、为国奉献的崇高精神，激励当代青年勇于担当使命。 1．句意：由于天赋出众，他在二十多岁时参与了美军的火箭实验。根据“rocket experiment for the US Army”和首字母j可推出此处表示加入、参与实验，join“加入”，文章讲述过去的经历，应用一般过去时。 2．句意：所以他在二十世纪五十年代决定回到祖国。根据前文他心系中国发展（Qian was still worried about China’s development）和首字母d可推出此处表示做出决定，decision“决定”，make a decision为固定搭配。 3．句意：经过一系列实验，中国在1964年成功发射第一颗原子弹。根据“experiments”和首字母s可推出此处表示一系列实验，series“一系列”，a series of为固定短语。 4．句意：钱学森因卓越的成就被誉为“中国航天之父”。根据“to be “father of space technology” for great achievements”和首字母c可推出此处表示被认为、被誉为，consider“认为”，此处为被动语态。be considered to be“被认为是”。 5．句意：钱学森将国家利益置于个人利益之上。根据“national interest ahead of...gain”和首字母p可推出此处与国家利益对应，指个人利益，personal“个人的”，形容词修饰名词gain。 根据下列篇章意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整的单词。（每空限填一词） Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is c 1 one of the greatest encyclopedias written in Chinese. But how much do you learn about its w 2 , Song Yingxing? Song was a great scientist during the late Ming dynasty. He and his brother went to school together. They were very successful in the provincial Imperial Exam (乡试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam (会试), but they both f 3 . Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. But he was not l 4 enough to achieve any success. On his trips to the capital to take the e 5 , however, he learned about the different technologies and created Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. 【答案】1．(c)onsidered 2．(w)riter 3．(f)ailed 4．(l)ucky 5．(e)xams 【导语】本文主要介绍了《天工开物》的作者——宋应星的生平。 1．句意：它被认为是最伟大的中文百科全书之一。根据“one of the greatest encyclopedias written in Chinese”可知它被认为是最伟大的中文百科全书之一，be considered“被认为”，被动语态，故填(c)onsidered。 2．句意：但你对它的作者宋应星了解多少呢？根据“Song Yingxing”可知是指它的作者，writer“作者”，此空用单数，指代宋应星。故填(w)riter。 3．句意：后来，宋和他的兄弟参加了国家会试，但他们都没有通过。根据but可知表转折，即没有通过，fail“失败”，此处动作发生在过去，用过去式。故填(f)ailed。 4．句意：但他并没有足够幸运取得任何成功。根据“to achieve any success”可知指没有足够幸运取得任何成功，lucky“幸运的”，符合语境，故填(l)ucky。 5．句意：然而，在他前往首都参加考试的途中，他了解了不同的技术，并在17世纪5年代创作了《天工开物》。根据“On his trips to the capital to”可知指前往首都参加考试的途中，take the exams“参加考试”，exams用复数形式表示泛指，故填(e)xams。 阅读短文，根据上下文及所给的首字母写出所缺单词。 Zhuge Liang was c 1 to be one of the greatest men in ancient China. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a difficult situation. Sima Yi’s army was coming and Zhuge Liang’s support was still far away. There were not enough soldiers in West City. But Zhuge Liang thought of a method to s 2 this problem. Several soldiers were ordered to open the city gates and clean the roads. Zhuge Liang himself went up the city wall and began to play his favourite music softly there and seemed relaxed. When Sima Yi’s army arrived, they saw the open gates and empty streets. Only a few old soldiers were working as cleaners. Sima Yi’s army couldn’t believe their eyes. They d 3 what they saw, so they didn’t enter the city. Zhuge Liang told them that the city was empty and that they were welcome. But Sima Yi thought it was a trick, because Zhuge Liang had never made any uncertain plans. He wouldn’t t 4 Zhuge Liang. After some time, Sima Yi made a d 5 to leave. Zhuge Liang saved the whole city. 【答案】1．(c)onsidered 2．(s)olve 3．(d)oubted 4．(t)rust 5．(d)ecision 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国古代诸葛亮在西城兵力不足、司马懿大军压境时，用空城计让司马懿怀疑有诈而撤军，最终保住西城的故事。 1．句意：诸葛亮被认为是中国古代最伟大的人物之一。根据“one of the greatest men in ancient China”及首字母“c”可知，此处表达“被认为”，“be considered to be”是固定搭配，意为“被认为是”，符合语境，故填(c)onsidered。 2．句意：但诸葛亮想到了一个解决这个问题的办法。根据“a difficult situation”、“a method”及首字母“s”可知，办法的目的是“解决问题”，“solve the problem”是固定搭配，意为“解决问题”，不定式后接动词原形，故填(s)olve。 3．句意：他们对所看到的一切表示怀疑，所以没有进城。根据“saw the open gates and empty streets”、“couldn’t believe their eyes”及首字母“d”可知，司马懿的军队对眼前景象“怀疑”，“doubt”意为“怀疑”，文章时态为一般过去时，此处用动词过去式，故填(d)oubted。 4．句意：他不会相信诸葛亮。根据“Sima Yi thought it was a trick”、“had never made any uncertain plans”及首字母“t”可知，司马懿不“相信”诸葛亮，“trust”意为“相信、信任”，情态动词“wouldn’t”后接动词原形，故填(t)rust。 5．句意：过了一会儿，司马懿决定撤军。根据“to leave”及首字母“d”可知，此处表达“做决定”，“make a decision”是固定搭配，意为“做决定”，符合“司马懿最终决定撤军”的语境，故填(d)ecision。 根据下列篇章的意思及所给首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答案时，要求写出完整的单词。(每空限填一词) When talking about traditional Chinese philosophy, people think of Confucius, or Kong Zi. So it’s important to understand who Confucius is and what kind of r 1 he has played in China’s history and development. B 2 in 551 BC, Confucius grew up in a poor family. He visited famous scholars and learnt a lot. He developed his thoughts into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism. Confucianism values self-cultivation, good relationships with each other and r 3 for the old. Friends should be honest to each other. Rulers should make an effort to provide a better life for people. When talking about personal relationships, Confucius once said, “Don’t do to others what you would not want others to do to you.” He was a great t 4 as well and promoted education for ordinary people. During his life, about 3, 000 students studied under his guidance. For more than 2, 000 years, his philosophy has deeply influenced China and the rest of the world. It is s 5 as the symbol of oriental culture. 【答案】1．role/ole 2．Born/orn 3．respect/espect 4．teacher/eacher 5．seen/een 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代思想家孔子的生平、思想及其深远影响。 1．句意：所以了解孔子是谁，以及他在中国历史和发展中扮演了什么样的角色很重要。根据首字母“r”及“played…in”的结构，“role”符合“play a role in（在……中扮演角色）”的固定搭配，故填role。 2．句意：孔子生于公元前 551 年，在一个贫穷的家庭长大。根据首字母“B”及“in 551 BC”的语境，“born”符合“be born in（生于……）”的表达，此处用过去分词作状语，句首首字母大写，故填Born。 3．句意：儒家思想重视自我修养、彼此间的良好关系以及对长辈的尊重。根据首字母 “r”及“for the old”的语境，“respect”意为“尊重”，符合“respect for the old（尊老）”的表达，故填respect。 4．句意：他是一位伟大的老师，也为普通人推广教育。根据首字母 “t”及“During his life, about 3,000 students studied under his guidance.”的语境，“teacher”意为“老师”，符合孔子作为教育家的身份，故填teacher。 5．句意：它被视为东方文化的象征。根据首字母 “s”及“as the symbol of oriental culture”的语境，“seen”符合“be seen as（被视为）”的固定搭配，故填seen。 能力综合实践4篇 请根据短文的内容，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词，并注意使用该词的正确形式。 A long time ago, there was a girl named Hua Mulan in ancient China. When she was young, the e 1 wanted to capture her country. Her father was too old to go out to the battle, so she dressed up like a man and joined the army instead of her father. Luckily in the army, no one n 2 she was a girl. The truth became a p 3 secret that only she knew. She fought very bravely and her army succeeded in g 4 against the foreigners in the battle. At last, she returned to her hometown and people finally knew the truth—Hua Mulan was a girl. She became a n 5 hero in people’s heart. 【答案】1．(e)nemy 2．(n)oticed 3．(p)rivate 4．(g)uarding 5．(n)ational 【导语】本文主要讲述了花木兰替父参军的故事。 1．句意：在她年轻的时候，敌人想占领她的国家。根据“Her father was too old to go out to the battle”及首字母可知，敌人想要占领这个女孩的国家，父亲太老了不能去迎战，enemy“敌人”，此空应填名词单数形式，故填(e)nemy。 2．句意：幸运的是，在军队里，没有人注意到她是个女孩。此空缺少动词作谓语，根据“no one … she was a girl”及首字母可知，没人注意到她是个女孩，notice“注意到”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填(n)oticed。 3．句意：真相变成了只有她知道的私人秘密。此空缺少形容词修饰名词secret，根据“secret that only she knew”及首字母可知，这个成为她的私人秘密，private“私人的”，故填(p)rivate。 4．句意：她非常勇敢地战斗，她的军队在战斗中成功地抵御了外国人。根据“against the foreigners”及首字母可知，此处指抵御外国人，guard against“抵御”，succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”，故填(g)uarding。 5．句意：她成了人民心中的民族英雄。此空缺少形容词修饰名词hero，根据“became a …hero in people’s heart”及首字母可知，成为了民族英雄，national“民族的”，故填(n)ational。 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Isaac Newton was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer. When he was young, his mother c 1 him not a good student, so she made Newton leave school to help the family with the farm work. Though Newton did e 2 what his mother told him, he didn’t like farming. He liked reading and solving math problems. A man noticed his gift and helped him go to u 3 . Newton never let his sponsor (赞助人) d 4 . He made great achievement in his life. For example, he published a book which tells the readers how the universe works. No doubt Newton is one of Britain’s greatest m 5 . 【答案】1．(c)onsidered 2．(e)xactly 3．(u)niversity 4．(d)own 5．(m)inds 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了幼年被妈妈认为学习无望的牛顿，在辍学回家帮助家人在农场帮忙一段时间后，其天赋被一个伯乐发现，并资助其上大学，而牛顿不负期望取得了巨大的成功。 1．句意：当他年轻时，他的妈妈认为他不是一个好学生，所以她让牛顿离开学校去帮助家庭做农场的工作。根据“so she made Newton leave school to help the family with the farm work.”和首字母可知应是他的妈妈认为他不适合学习，而由文章可知，句子时态应为一般过去时，故填(c)onsidered。 2．句意：尽管牛顿完全做了他妈妈告诉他的每一件事，但是他不喜欢耕种。此处应填副词，根据“he didn’t like farming”，并结合首字母可知牛顿不喜欢种地，尽管妈妈让他做的他都做了，故填(e)xactly。 3．句意：一个人注意到他的天赋并且帮助他去上了大学。根据“A man noticed his gif”，并结合首字母可知，go to university“上大学”符合语境，故填(u)niversity。 4．句意：牛顿从没让他的赞助人失望。根据首字母可知，let sb. down“让某人失望”符合语境，故填(d)own。 5．句意：毫无疑问，牛顿是英国最伟大的富有才智的人之一。结合语境和首字母可知此处应填mind“富有才智的人”，可数名词，而由“one of”可知，此处应用其复数形式，故填(m)inds。 Xu Yuanchong, China’s most famous master translator, died in Beijing at the a 1 of 100 on Thursday, according to Peking University. A winner of the highest honor in the field of translation, Xu was best k 2 for his translations of ancient Chinese poems into E 3 and French that have gained worldwide recognition. Xu was a professor who t 4 at Peking University from 1983 and was awarded the “Lifetime achievements in translation” award from the Translators Association of China in 2010. He was also the first Asian translator to w 5 the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature — one of the highest honors among international translators. 【答案】1．(a)ge 2．(k)nown 3．(E)nglish 4．(t)aught 5．(w)in 【导语】本文主要介绍了伟大的翻译家——许渊冲的生平。 1．句意：据北京大学消息，中国最著名的翻译家许渊冲于周四在北京逝世，享年100岁。根据“at the … of 100”及首字母可知，此处用at the age of表示“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。 2．句意：作为翻译领域最高荣誉的获得者，许渊冲最著名的是他将中国古代诗歌翻译成英语和法语，并获得了世界范围内的认可。根据“was best… for his translations of ancient Chinese poems…”及备选词可知，此处介绍他出名之处，be known for“因……而出名”，故填(k)nown。 3．句意：作为翻译领域最高荣誉的获得者，许渊冲最著名的是他将中国古代诗歌翻译成英语和法语，并获得了世界范围内的认可。根据“his translations of ancient Chinese poems into…and French”可知，此处指某种语言，结合首字母E可知，应填English“英语”，故填(E)nglish。 4．句意：1983年起在北京大学任教，2010年被中国翻译家协会授予“终身翻译成就奖”。根据“Xu was a professor who … at Peking University from 1983”及首字母可知，此处指在北京大学任教，teach“教学”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填(t)aught。 5．句意：他也是第一位获得北极光小说文学杰出翻译奖的亚洲翻译家，这是国际翻译家的最高荣誉之一。根据“the Aurora Borealis Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature”及备选词可知，此处指赢得了这个称号，win“赢得”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填(w)in。 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 At the end of the 15th century, the route was long and hard. It was nearly impossible to r 1 Asia from Europe by land. Portuguese people solved this problem by taking themselves to the sea: They s 2 south along the West African coast and around the Cape of Good Hope.    But Columbus had a different idea: Why not sail west across the Atlantic i 3 of along the large African continent? The young navigator’s logic was right, but his math was wrong. He thought (incorrectly) that the length of the Earth was much smaller than it was believed. So he believed that the j 4 by boat from Europe to Asia should be not only possible but easier. Was Christopher Columbus a hero? That d 5 on who you ask. He was a brave and skilled sailor and leader. 【答案】1．(r)each 2．(s)ailed 3．(i)nstead 4．(j)ourney 5．(d)epends 【导语】本文主要介绍了哥伦布发现美洲大陆前对航海路线的想法。 1．句意：从欧洲经陆路到达亚洲几乎是不可能的。根据“Asia from Europe by land.”和首字母可知是指从欧洲经陆路到达亚洲这件事，reach“到达”，动词，不定式符号to后加动词原形，故填(r)each。 2．句意：他们沿着西非海岸向南航行，绕过好望角。根据“They s....south along the West African coast and around the Cape of Good Hope.”可知是指葡萄牙人沿着西非海岸向南航行，sail“航行”，动词，此处说的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填(s)ailed。 3．句意：但是哥伦布有一个不同的想法：为什么不向西航行穿过大西洋，而是沿着广阔的非洲大陆航行呢？此处是固定短语instead of“而不是”，故填(i)nstead。 4．句意：因此，他认为乘船从欧洲到亚洲不仅是可能的，而且更容易。根据“the j...by boat from Europe to Asia”可知是指乘船从欧洲到亚洲的旅程，journey“旅程”符合语境，故填(j)ourney。 5．句意：那要看你问谁了。根据“Was Christopher Columbus a hero? That d...on who you ask.”可知哥伦布是不是英雄要取决于你问谁。depend on“取决于”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(d)epends。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $