专题01 Unit 1 People of Achievement-【语境大串记】-2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册 词汇语境串记单元学案（人教版2019）

该高中英语单元学案以“成就人物”为主题，围绕选择性必修一Unit 1核心词汇，设计了语境串记、词形转变、梯度练习等六部分内容，构建“输入-内化-应用-巩固”的递进式学习路径，引导学生从词汇语境理解逐步过渡到综合语言运用。 亮点在于“屠呦呦事迹”语境串记融合文化意识培养，梯度复现含英汉互译、词形变换等七类题型提升语言能力，词汇网络图与易混词辨析促进思维品质发展，“顽固词库”助力学习能力养成。如阅读理解结合爱因斯坦案例复现单元词汇，跨单元微循环链接旧知，为教师实施单元复习提供系统支撑。

专题01 第一单元 语境串记单元记忆学案（人教版2019） （ 知识点来源： 选择性必修一 Unit 1 People of Achievement ） 学校:_____________ 姓名：______________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 1 第二部分：词形转变表 2 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 3 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 10 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 1 People of Achievement，共69词） 14 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 16 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 A. 语境串记单词（英文原文） The Discovery of Artemisinin Tu Youyou, a committed and academic researcher at the Chinese medical academy, made a crucial discovery that changed the world. At that time, malaria was a deadly disease, and finding a cure was a vital and difficult objective for scientists. She decided to commit herself to extracting artemisinin from wormwood, a common botanical plant. Her team would first boil the plant to get a liquid substance, then use careful methods to analyse its property and distinct effects. After years of hard work, they finally managed to obtain a medicine that could defeat the terrible disease. The world began to acknowledge her great work, and she later received a patent and the Nobel Prize. To evaluate the new medicine, her team drew a flow chart and used it to sum up the steps. They insist on testing every sample, because apparently the wrong method could cause wear and tear to the equipment. After much study of the circumstance, they reached a clear conclusion: the plant's physiology decided its healing power. They also found penicillin and other substance useful, though some patients tried to flee from the bitter taste. A famous novelist even wrote a novel about her, praising her passion for science. With a doctorate and extraordinary talent, she became a professor whom many students would encounter in the lab. As a scientific mind, she believed a clear objective could lead to a remarkable result. She would found a new institution and take up a position as its head, training young people. Numerous students learned to infer answers from facts and to chart their progress. A genius like Einstein had shown that a simple formula could explain relativity and the theory of time; Tu Youyou's work was just as important. She was gentle yet firm, and gradually the whole institute accepted her ideas. The consequence was a safer world, and people no longer mourn so many victims of malaria. Some critics, a politician among them, once doubted her, but she did not flee. She used a device to test the photoelectric effect of light on the plant. Before publishing, she made a draft and asked colleagues to evaluate it. Her peculiarity of working late was known to all. No matter who come to power, she would insist that science serve the people, and the flow of ideas grew. To sum up, she would always commit oneself to do better for humanity, spending her days mostly with the same green plant, and the sum of her efforts saved millions. B. 语境串记单词（汉语译文） 屠呦呦是中国一家医学研究院(academy)里一位坚定(committed)而学术(academic)的研究员，她做出了一个至关重要(crucial)的发现，改变了世界。那时，疟疾(malaria)是一种致命的疾病，找到疗法对世界各地的科学家而言都是一个必不可少(vital)而困难(objective)的目标。她决心致力于(commit)从蒿(wormwood)中提取(extract)青蒿素(artemisinin)——一种常见的植物学(botanical)植物。她的团队首先煮沸(boil)这种植物，得到一种液体(liquid)物质(substance)，然后用严谨的方法分析(analyse)它的性质(property)与明显(distinct)的功效。经过多年努力，他们终于设法获得(obtain)一种能击败(defeat)这种可怕疾病的药物。世界开始承认(acknowledge)她的伟大工作，她后来获得了专利(patent)与诺贝尔奖。 为了评价(evaluate)这种新药，她的团队画了一张流程图(flow chart)，并用它来总结(sum up)步骤。他们坚持(insist on)检测每一个样本，因为显然(apparently)错误的方法会给设备造成损耗(wear and tear)。在对情况(circumstance)进行大量研究后，他们得出了明确的结论(conclusion)：这种植物的生理学(physiology)决定了它的疗效。他们还发现青霉素(penicillin)和其他物质(substance)有用，尽管一些病人试图逃离(flee)那苦涩的味道。一位著名的小说家(novelist)甚至写了一部小说(novel)来赞扬她对科学的热情(passion)。凭借博士学位(doctorate)与非凡(extraordinary)的天赋，她成为了许多学生会在实验室里遇见(encounter)的教授(professor)。 作为一名科学(scientific)的头脑，她相信一个清晰的目标(objective)能带来显著(remarkable)的成果。她会创建(found)一个新的机构(institution)并担任(take up a position)其负责人，培养年轻人。众多(numerous)的学生学会了从事实中推断(infer)答案，并绘制图表(chart)来记录他们的进步。像爱因斯坦那样的天才(genius)曾表明，一个简单的公式(formula)可以解释相对论(relativity)与时间理论(theory)；屠呦呦的工作同样重要。她温和(gentle)而坚定，渐渐地(gradually)整个学院(institute)都接受了她的想法。结果(consequence)是一个更安全的世界，人们不再为那么多疟疾受害者哀悼(mourn)。 一些批评者，其中有一位政治家(politician)，曾怀疑过她，但她没有逃离(flee)。她使用一种装置(device)来测试光线对这种植物的光电(photoelectric)效应。在发表前，她起草(draft)了一份稿子，并请同事评价(evaluate)它。她工作到很晚的怪异(peculiarity)是众所周知的；甚至连她的髭(moustache)也成了实验室里友好的玩笑。当新领导人开始掌权(come to power)时，他会坚持(insist)科学为人民服务，思想的流动(flow)也随之增长。总之(sum up)，她总会致力于(commit oneself to do)为人类做得更好，日复一日大多(mostly)与同一种绿色植物相伴，而她努力的总和(sum)拯救了数百万人。 第二部分：词形转变表 序号 原词 词形变化 1 commit vt.承诺 committed (adj.) 坚定的；commitment (n.) 承诺；committed oneself to 致力于 2 crucial adj.关键的 crucially (adv.) 关键地；crucial 无常用动词形式 3 vital adj.重要的 vitally (adv.) 极其；vitality (n.) 生命力 4 academy n.学院 academic (adj.) 学术的；academically (adv.) 学术上 5 evaluate vt.评价 evaluation (n.) 评价；evaluative (adj.) 评估的 6 analyse vt.分析 analysis (n.) 分析；analytical (adj.) 分析的 7 obtain vt.获得 obtainable (adj.) 可获得的；obtainment (n.) 获得 8 acknowledge vt.承认 acknowledgement (n.) 承认；acknowledged (adj.) 公认的 9 defeat vt.击败 defeated (adj.) 被击败的；defeat (n.) 失败 10 distinct adj.清晰的 distinctly (adv.) 明显地；distinction (n.) 差别；distinctive (adj.) 独特的 11 extract vt.提取 extraction (n.) 提取；extractive (adj.) 提取的 12 conclusion n.结论 conclude (v.) 总结；conclusive (adj.) 结论性的 13 scientific adj.科学的 science (n.) 科学；scientist (n.) 科学家 14 extraordinary adj.非凡的 extraordinarily (adv.) 非凡地；extraordinariness (n.) 非凡 15 remarkable adj.显著的 remarkably (adv.) 显著地；remarkableness (n.) 显著 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 题型1：英汉互译（30题） 乐思英语 ·语境串记单词 第 1 / 16 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 子题A：英译中（20个） 1. physiology → __________ 2. artemisinin → __________ 3. crucial → __________ 4. malaria → __________ 5. vital → __________ 6. committed → __________ 7. academy → __________ 8. academic → __________ 9. objective → __________ 10. botanical → __________ 11. evaluate → __________ 12. extract → __________ 13. wormwood → __________ 14. boil → __________ 15. obtain → __________ 16. acknowledge → __________ 17. substance → __________ 18. analyse → __________ 19. scientific → __________ 20. conclusion → __________ 子题B：中译英（10个） 1. 生理学 → __________ 2. 青蒿素 → __________ 3. 疟疾 → __________ 4. 研究院 → __________ 5. 目标 → __________ 6. 提取 → __________ 7. 物质 → __________ 8. 分析 → __________ 9. 结论 → __________ 10. 专利 → __________ 【答案与解析】 子题A（英译中）： 1. physiology — 生理学 2. artemisinin — 青蒿素 3. crucial — 至关重要的 4. malaria — 疟疾 5. vital — 必不可少的 6. committed — 坚定的 7. academy — 研究院 8. academic — 学术的 9. objective — 目标；客观的 10. botanical — 植物学的 11. evaluate — 评价 12. extract — 提取 13. wormwood — 蒿 14. boil — 煮沸 15. obtain — 获得 16. acknowledge — 承认 17. substance — 物质 18. analyse — 分析 19. scientific — 科学的 20. conclusion — 结论 子题B（中译英）： 1. physiology 2. artemisinin 3. malaria 4. academy 5. objective 6. extract 7. substance 8. analyse 9. conclusion 10. patent 题型2：词形变换（10题） 1. Tu Youyou's __________ (commit) work finally led to the discovery of artemisinin. 答案： committed 解析：句意： 屠呦呦坚定的工作最终促成了青蒿素的发现；commit 的形容词 committed 表示“坚定的”，修饰 work。 2. Her discovery of artemisinin was __________ (crucial) important for the health of people all over the world. 答案： crucially 解析：句意： 她对青蒿素的发现对全世界人民的健康极其重要；crucial 的副词 crucially 表示“极其；关键地”，修饰 important。 3. After many tests, the team could __________ (evaluation) the new medicine in a safe way. 答案： evaluate 解析：句意： 经过多次试验，团队得以安全地评估这种新药；evaluation 的动词 evaluate 表示“评价；评估”。 4. They used careful methods to __________ (analysis) why the plant could cure the illness. 答案： analyse 解析：句意： 他们用严谨的方法分析这种植物为何能治病；analysis 的动词 analyse 表示“分析”。 5. The new and useful medicine was __________ (obtain) only in a few big hospitals in the city. 答案： obtainable 解析：句意： 这种新的有效药物只有在城里几家大医院才能获得；obtain 的形容词 obtainable 表示“可获得的”。 6. The world began to __________ (acknowledgement) her great and useful contribution to medicine. 答案： acknowledge 解析：句意： 世界开始承认她对医学伟大而有用的贡献；acknowledgement 的动词 acknowledge 表示“承认”。 7. The terrible disease was finally __________ (defeat) by the new medicine that Tu Youyou found. 答案： defeated 解析：句意： 这种可怕的疾病最终被屠呦呦发现的新药击败了；defeat 的过去分词 defeated 表示“被击败”，用于被动语态。 8. The two medical plants are __________ (distinct) different from each other in colour and smell. 答案： distinctly 解析：句意： 这两种药用植物在颜色和气味上明显不同；distinct 的副词 distinctly 表示“明显地”，修饰 different。 9. The __________ (extract) of artemisinin needs hot water and a long time. 答案： extraction 解析：句意： 青蒿素的提取需要热水和很长时间；extraction 为名词“提取”，作主语。 10. They drew a clear __________ (conclude) from the careful and long experiment. 答案： conclusion 解析：句意： 他们从漫长严谨的实验中得出了明确结论；conclude 的名词 conclusion 表示“结论”。 题型3：短语填空（8题） 从方框中选择短语，用正确形式填空： commit oneself to；wear and tear；flow chart；come to power；take up a position；sum up；insist on；draw a conclusion 1. Tu Youyou decided to __________ the research on artemisinin for the rest of her life. 答案： commit oneself to 解析：句意： 屠呦呦决心将余生致力于青蒿素的研究；commit oneself to 表示“致力于；承诺做……”。 2. Years of hard work caused some __________ to the old laboratory equipment. 答案： wear and tear 解析：句意： 多年的辛苦工作给旧实验室设备造成了一些损耗；wear and tear 表示“损耗；磨损”。 3. Before writing the report, we should draw a __________ to show the steps clearly. 答案： flow chart 解析：句意： 写报告前，我们应画一张流程图以清晰展示步骤；flow chart 表示“流程图”。 4. After the election, the new president will __________ next Monday morning. 答案： come to power 解析：句意： 选举后，新总统将于下周一上午开始掌权；come to power 表示“上台；开始掌权”。 5. She will __________ as a professor at the famous medical institute next year. 答案： take up a position 解析：句意： 她明年将在那家著名医学机构担任教授职位；take up a position 表示“担任；任职”。 6. To __________ the whole story, we can say hard work brings success. 答案： sum up 解析：句意： 概括整个故事，我们可以说努力带来成功；sum up 表示“总结；概括”。 7. We __________ finishing the project on time even though it was very difficult. 答案： insist on 解析：句意： 我们坚持按时完成项目，尽管它非常困难；insist on 表示“坚持；坚决要求”，on 后接动名词。 8. After reading all the data, the scientist could __________ about the cause of the disease. 答案： draw a conclusion 解析：句意： 读完所有数据后，科学家能对病因得出结论；draw a conclusion 表示“得出结论”，conclusion 为单元词汇。 题型4：完成句子（10题） 1. 屠呦呦是一位坚定的科学家，她永不放弃，而她非凡的工作帮助了全世界许多病人。 Tu Youyou is a __________ scientist who never gives up, and her __________ work has helped many sick people all around the world. 答案： committed / extraordinary 解析：句意： 屠呦呦是一位坚定的科学家，她永不放弃，而她非凡的工作帮助了全世界许多病人；committed 表示“坚定的”，修饰 scientist；extraordinary 表示“非凡的”，修饰 work。 2. 为世界各地的科学家找到这种疾病的疗法，是一个至关重要而困难的目标，他们多年来一直努力达成。 Finding a cure for the disease was a __________ and difficult __________ that all the scientists in the world had tried hard to reach for many years. 答案： vital / objective 解析：句意： 为世界各地的科学家找到这种疾病的疗法，是一个至关重要而困难的目标，他们多年来一直努力达成；vital 表示“必不可少的；极其重要的”；objective 表示“目标”。 3. 她那勤奋的团队从蒿这种植物中提取青蒿素，并在多年努力后最终获得了这种有用而重要的药物。 Her hard-working team __________ artemisinin from the wormwood plant and finally __________ the useful and important medicine after many years of hard work. 答案： extracted / obtained 解析：句意： 她那勤奋的团队从蒿这种植物中提取青蒿素，并在多年努力后最终获得了这种有用而重要的药物；extract 的过去式 extracted 表示“提取”；obtain 的过去式 obtained 表示“获得”。 4. 经过长期的巨大努力与多次失败，他们终于获得了这种有用的药物，并最终击败了这种可怕的疾病。 After a long period of great effort and many failures, they finally __________ the useful medicine and __________ the terrible disease at last. 答案： obtained / defeated 解析：句意： 经过长期的巨大努力与多次失败，他们终于获得了这种有用的药物，并最终击败了这种可怕的疾病；obtain 的过去式 obtained 表示“获得”；defeat 的过去式 defeated 表示“击败”。 5. 全世界承认了她伟大而有用的的工作，甚至如今人们仍把她的离世当作科学的巨大损失而哀悼。 The whole world __________ her great and useful work, and even now people still __________ her death as a great loss to science. 答案： acknowledged / mourn 解析：句意： 全世界承认了她伟大而有用的的工作，甚至如今人们仍把她的离世当作科学的巨大损失而哀悼；acknowledge 的过去式 acknowledged 表示“承认”；mourn 表示“哀悼”。 6. 这种可怕而致命的疾病击败了非洲和亚洲数百万穷人，他们试图逃离它却最终失败了。 The terrible and deadly disease __________ millions of poor people in Africa and Asia, who tried to __________ from it but finally failed. 答案： defeated / flee 解析：句意： 这种可怕而致命的疾病击败了非洲和亚洲数百万穷人，他们试图逃离它却最终失败了；defeat 的过去式 defeated 表示“击败”；flee 表示“逃离”。 7. 他们用细心分析了大量重要数据，并最终推断出这种新药对所有病人都是完全安全的。 They __________ the large amount of important data with care and finally __________ that the new medicine was completely safe for all the sick patients. 答案： analysed / concluded 解析：句意： 他们用细心分析了大量重要数据，并最终推断出这种新药对所有病人都是完全安全的；analyse 的过去式 analysed 表示“分析”；conclude 的过去式 concluded 表示“推断；总结”。 8. 我们从年轻科学家精心起草、耗时数月的那次细心而漫长的实验中，得出了明确而有用的结论。 We drew a clear and useful __________ from the careful and long experiment that the young scientists had __________ with great care for many months. 答案： conclusion / drafted 解析：句意： 我们从年轻科学家精心起草、耗时数月的那次细心而漫长的实验中，得出了明确而有用的结论；conclusion 表示“结论”；draft 的过去分词 drafted 表示“起草”。 9. 他为自己有用的新发明获得了非常重要的专利，政府在漫长而艰难的申请后于去年认可了它。 He got a very important __________ for his useful new invention, and the government __________ it last year after a long and difficult application. 答案： patent / acknowledged 解析：句意： 他为自己有用的新发明获得了非常重要的专利，政府在漫长而艰难的申请后于去年认可了它；patent 表示“专利”；acknowledge 的过去式 acknowledged 表示“承认；认可”。 10. 她的伟大成就非凡且令全世界瞩目，当收音机里传来诺贝尔奖的消息时。 Her great achievement was __________ and __________ to the whole world when the news of the Nobel Prize was heard on the radio. 答案： extraordinary / remarkable 解析：句意： 她的伟大成就非凡且令全世界瞩目，当收音机里传来诺贝尔奖的消息时；extraordinary 表示“非凡的”；remarkable 表示“显著的；非凡的”。 题型5：句型同义转换：用本单元单词或短语作答 1. Tu Youyou is a scientist who works very hard and never stops trying. → Tu Youyou is a __________ scientist who never stops trying. 答案： Tu Youyou is a committed scientist who never stops trying. 解析：句意： 屠呦呦是一位坚定的科学家，从不停止努力；committed 替换 works very hard and never stops trying，表示“坚定的”。 2. Finding a cure was a very important and necessary task for the world. → Finding a cure was a __________ task for the world. 答案： Finding a cure was a vital task for the world. 解析：句意： 找到疗法对世界是一项必不可少且重要的任务；vital 替换 very important and necessary，表示“必不可少的”。 3. Her team got artemisinin from the wormwood plant by boiling it. → Her team __________ artemisinin __________ the wormwood plant by boiling it. 答案： Her team extracted artemisinin from the wormwood plant by boiling it. 解析：句意： 她的团队通过煮沸从蒿中提取青蒿素；extract ... from 替换 got ... from，表示“从……提取”。 4. After reading the results, they knew the cause of the illness. → After reading the results, they __________ the cause of the illness. 答案： After reading the results, they inferred the cause of the illness. 解析：句意： 读完结果后，他们推断出病因；infer 替换 knew，表示“推断；推论”。 5. We can say in a few words that hard work brings great success. → We can __________ __________ that hard work brings great success. 答案： We can sum up that hard work brings great success. 解析：句意： 我们可以概括说努力带来巨大成功；sum up 替换 say in a few words，表示“总结；概括”。 题型6：单句语法填空（10题） 1. Artemisinin __________ (discover) by Tu Youyou and her team in the 1970s. 答案： was discovered 解析：句意： Artemisinin was discovered by Tu Youyou and her team in the 1970s.；discover 的被动语态过去式 was discovered 表示“被发现”。 2. The scientist __________ (insist) on testing the new medicine by himself. 答案： insisted 解析：句意： The scientist insisted on testing the new medicine by himself.；insist 的过去式 insisted 表示“坚持”。 3. The famous research institute __________ (found) in the year 1958. 答案： was founded 解析：句意： The famous research institute was founded in the year 1958.；found 作“建立”讲时过去分词为 founded，此处用被动 was founded。 4. The green liquid __________ (flow) slowly through the long tube. 答案： flowed 解析：句意： The green liquid flowed slowly through the long tube.；flow 的过去式 flowed 表示“流动”。 5. The final result can __________ (infer) from the data we collected. 答案： be inferred 解析：句意： The final result can be inferred from the data we collected.；infer 的被动形式 be inferred 表示“被推断”。 6. Her important paper __________ (publish) when she was still young. 答案： was published 解析：句意： Her important paper was published when she was still young.；publish 的被动过去式 was published 表示“被发表”。 7. He __________ (patent) his useful invention last year. 答案： patented 解析：句意： He patented his useful invention last year.；patent 作动词时过去式 patented 表示“为……申请专利”。 8. They __________ (encounter) a lot of difficulties at the very beginning. 答案： encountered 解析：句意： They encountered a lot of difficulties at the very beginning.；encounter 的过去式 encountered 表示“遇到”。 9. She __________ (boil) the wormwood to get the useful liquid inside. 答案： boiled 解析：句意： She boiled the wormwood to get the useful liquid inside.；boil 的过去式 boiled 表示“煮沸”。 10. The teacher __________ (sum) up the lesson at the end of the class. 答案： summed 解析：句意： The teacher summed up the lesson at the end of the class.；sum 的短语 sum up 过去式 summed up 表示“总结”。 题型7：阅读理解（词汇复现） Albert Einstein was one of the greatest minds in the history of science. As a young man, he showed an extraordinary talent and later developed the famous theory of relativity. His formula changed the way people understood time and space forever. Although he was a quiet and gentle person, his ideas were remarkable and changed the world in a deep way. Einstein did not come to power or become a politician; instead, he worked at an institute and taught many students with great care. He believed that a clear objective and hard work could lead to great discovery in the end. When he met a difficult problem, he would analyse it carefully and infer the answer step by step. He was also a scientific thinker who liked to evaluate every new idea before accepting it as true. Many years later, people still mourn his death and remember his great contributions to human knowledge and peace. His life is a remarkable example that shows how a single idea can change history for good. Like Tu Youyou, he had a strong passion for his work and would commit himself to finding the truth. He did not care for wealth or fame, but only for the conclusion that his studies were correct and useful. Some people thought his ideas were too strange at first, but Einstein would insist on his views when the evidence was clear enough. He used a flow chart to organise his thoughts and would sum up his results in a few simple words. As a true genius, he showed that even a novel way of thinking could explain the oldest questions about the universe. His doctorate and many years of study made him a respected professor whom students loved to encounter in the classroom every day. In the end, Einstein's work, together with the discovery of artemisinin by Tu Youyou, proves that science has no border at all. Both scientists faced hard circumstance and used distinct methods, yet both reached a conclusion that helped all of mankind. We should acknowledge their courage and try to obtain the same spirit of never giving up on our dreams. 1. What is Einstein's most famous contribution mentioned in the passage? A. The theory of relativity. B. A new kind of medicine. C. A political party. D. The invention of the telephone. 2. What does the underlined word "gentle" most probably mean? A. Loud and active. B. Quiet and kind. C. Rich and famous. D. Angry and strict. 3. What can we infer about Einstein from the passage? A. He wanted to become a politician. B. He valued clear objectives and hard work. C. He disliked teaching students. D. He never analysed problems carefully. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to win a Nobel Prize quickly. B. Einstein's life and his great contributions to the world. C. The history of the institute he worked at. D. Why relativity is a difficult formula. 【答案与解析】 1. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。答案 A。原文第1段写道：“he later developed the famous theory of relativity”，他最著名的贡献是相对论，与 A 项一致。 2. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。答案 B。原文第1段写他“a quiet and gentle person”，且与“remarkable ideas”形成对比，可推知 gentle 意为“文静的；温和的”，与 B 项“安静而和善”一致。 3. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。答案 B。原文第2段写他“believed that a clear objective and hard work could lead to great discovery”，可推断他重视清晰的目标与努力，对应 B 项。 4. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。答案 B。全文第1段写爱因斯坦的成就（相对论），第2段写他的工作与信念，第3-5段写人们对他的缅怀及他与屠呦呦的共同精神，整体讲述他的一生与伟大贡献，对应 B 项。 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 A. 词汇网络图（话题：People of Achievement） 类别 词汇 同义词 / 近义 相关词 / 话题 行为动词 描述词 短语 / 搭配 答案： 同义词 / 近义 crucial – vital；objective – goal；defeat – beat；obtain – get；remarkable – extraordinary 相关词 / 话题 malaria, artemisinin, wormwood, academy, institute, professor, patent, Nobel, scientist 行为动词 commit, extract, boil, obtain, analyse, acknowledge, evaluate, defeat, found, infer, conclude 描述词 committed, crucial, vital, academic, scientific, distinct, extraordinary, remarkable, gentle 短语 / 搭配 commit oneself to, wear and tear, flow chart, come to power, take up a position, sum up, insist on, draw a conclusion B. 易混词辨析（4组，每组3小题） 第1组：commit / committed / commitment (1) Her __________ to the research made her work day and night for many years. (2) The __________ scientist never gave up his dream of finding a cure for the disease. (3) We should __________ ourselves to helping the poor people in the small village. 【第1组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： commitment 解析：句意： 她对研究的投入让她多年来夜以继日地工作；commitment 为名词“投入；承诺”，作主语。 (2) 答案： committed 解析：句意： 这位坚定的科学家从未放弃找到疾病疗法的梦想；committed 为形容词“坚定的”，修饰 scientist。 (3) 答案： commit 解析：句意： 我们应该致力于帮助小村里的穷人；commit 作动词“承诺；致力于”，commit oneself to 为固定搭配。 第2组：evaluate / analysis / analyse (1) Careful __________ of the data helped them find the answer at last. (2) They used a new method to __________ the quality of the new medicine. (3) The final __________ showed that the new drug was safe and useful. 【第2组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： analysis 解析：句意： 对数据的仔细分析最终帮他们找到了答案；analysis 为名词“分析”，作主语。 (2) 答案： analyse 解析：句意： 他们用新方法分析新药的质量；analyse 为动词“分析”。 (3) 答案： evaluation 解析：句意： 最终的评估显示这种新药安全有效；evaluation 为名词“评价；评估”，作主语。 第3组：obtain / obtained / obtainable (1) After years of work, they finally __________ the important patent for the medicine. (2) It is not easy to __________ enough wormwood in the cold and poor area. (3) The medicine is __________ only in a few big hospitals in the city. 【第3组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： obtained 解析：句意： 经过多年努力，他们最终获得了这种药物的重要专利；obtained 为 obtain 的过去式“获得”。 (2) 答案： obtain 解析：句意： 在寒冷贫穷的地区很难获得足够的蒿；obtain 为动词“获得”，与 to 搭配用原形。 (3) 答案： obtainable 解析：句意： 这种药只有在城里几家大医院才能买到；obtainable 为形容词“可获得的”。 第4组：conclude / conclusion / conclusive (1) They drew a clear __________ from the long and careful experiment. (2) We can __________ from the facts that hard work brings great success. (3) The evidence was not __________, so they needed more tests to be sure. 【第4组 答案与解析】 (1) 答案： conclusion 解析：句意： 他们从漫长严谨的实验中得出了明确结论；conclusion 为名词“结论”，作宾语。 (2) 答案： conclude 解析：句意： 我们可以从事实推断努力带来巨大成功；conclude 为动词“推断；总结”。 (3) 答案： conclusive 解析：句意： 证据不是结论性的，所以他们还需要更多检测；conclusive 为形容词“结论性的；确凿的”。 C. 跨单元微循环（15题，复习 必修第三册 Unit 5 The Value of Money 词汇（教学进度的上一单元）） 1. The honest and kind old man __________ (道歉) to his neighbour for the noise that his lovely dog made every early morning. 答案： apologised 解析：句意： 这位诚实善良的老人为他的狗每天清晨发出的噪音向邻居道歉；apologise 意为“道歉”，此处用过去式 apologised 与 made 时态一致。 2. After losing his job, he had to __________ (取得贷款) from the bank so that he could pay for his son's education. 答案： take out a loan 解析：句意： 失业后，他不得不从银行取得贷款以支付儿子的学费；take out a loan 意为“取得贷款”，在 had to 后用动词原形。 3. We should never __________ (忽视) the small mistakes in our homework, because they may become big problems later. 答案： ignore 解析：句意： 我们绝不应忽视作业中的小错误，因为它们以后可能变成大问题；ignore 意为“忽视；不予理会”，作动词。 4. It is not easy to __________ (评价) a person only by his clothes, because a kind heart is more important than looks. 答案： judge 解析：句意： 只凭衣着来评价一个人并不容易，因为善良的心比外貌更重要；judge 意为“评价；判断”，此处用动词原形。 5. The opening __________ (场面) of the play was so moving that many people in the theatre began to cry quietly. 答案： scene 解析：句意： 这出戏开场的场面如此动人，剧院里许多人都开始悄悄流泪；scene 意为“场面；场景”，作主语。 6. They made a __________ (打赌) about who would finish the long book first, and the winner got a small gift. 答案： bet 解析：句意： 他们就谁会先读完这本长书打了个赌，赢家得到一份小礼物；bet 意为“打赌”，作宾语。 7. The rich man treated his __________ (仆人) with kindness, and the servant worked for him for many happy years. 答案： servant 解析：句意： 这位富人友善地对待他的仆人，仆人为他愉快地工作了许多年；servant 意为“仆人；用人”，作宾语。 8. From the top of the tall building, we could __________ (看见) the whole beautiful city lying under the warm morning light. 答案： spot 解析：句意： 从高楼顶上，我们能看见沐浴在温暖晨光中的整座美丽城市；spot 作动词意为“看见；发现”。 9. No one would __________ (敢于) to tell the angry king the true and unhappy news about the lost battle. 答案： dare 解析：句意： 没人敢把战败的真实噩耗告诉愤怒的国王；dare 意为“敢于”，在 would 后用动词原形。 10. A good teacher needs a lot of __________ (耐心) when explaining the same difficult problem again and again to slow students. 答案： patience 解析：句意： 好老师在反复向学困生讲解同一难题时需要很多耐心；patience 意为“耐心；忍耐力”，作宾语。 11. Do not __________ (犹豫) to ask your teacher for help when you meet a problem that you cannot solve by yourself. 答案： hesitate 解析：句意： 当你遇到自己无法解决的问题时，不要犹豫向老师求助；hesitate 意为“犹豫；迟疑”，在 do not 后用原形。 12. After a long and difficult journey, they __________ (最终) arrived at the small village that they had dreamed of visiting. 答案： eventually 解析：句意： 经过漫长艰辛的旅程，他们最终到达了梦寐以求的小村庄；eventually 意为“最终；终于”，作副词。 13. We have no other __________ (选择) but to study harder, because the final exam is now very close to us. 答案： option 解析：句意： 我们别无选择只能更努力学习，因为期末考试已近在眼前；option 意为“选择；可选择的事物”，作宾语。 14. The school does not __________ (允许) students to use mobile phones in class, because it may disturb the lesson. 答案： permit 解析：句意： 学校不允许学生在课上使用手机，因为那会打扰上课；permit 意为“允许；准许”，作动词。 15. On the __________ (基础) of years of careful study, the young scientist finally published his important new paper. 答案： basis 解析：句意： 在多年严谨研究的基础上，这位年轻科学家终于发表了重要的新论文；basis 意为“基础；根据”，on the basis of 为固定搭配。 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 1 People of Achievement，共69词） 序号 单词 词性 中文释义 默写 1 physiology n. 生理学 2 artemisinin n. 青蒿素 3 crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 4 malaria n. 疟疾 5 vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的 6 committed adj. 坚定的；坚信的 7 commit vt. 承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入 8 commit oneself to doing 致力于做……；承诺做…… 9 academy n. 专科院校；研究院；学会 10 academic adj. 学业的；学术的 11 objective n. 目标；目的 adj.客观的 12 botanical adj. 植物学的 13 evaluate vt. 评价；评估 14 property n. 性质；特性；财产 15 distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；不同的 16 extract vt. 提取；提炼 n.摘录；提取 17 wormwood n. 蒿；苦艾 18 boil vt. 煮沸；烧开 vi.沸腾 19 liquid n. 液体 adj.液体的 20 obtain vt. (尤指通过努力)获得；赢得 21 acknowledge vt. 承认；认可；感谢 22 defeat vt. 击败；战胜 n.失败；击败 23 analyse vt. 分析 24 apparently adv. 显然；可见 25 substance n. 物质；实质；物品 26 insist vi.&vt. 坚持；坚决要求 27 insist on 坚持；坚决要求 28 scientific adj. 科学(上)的 29 mostly adv. 主要地；大部分 30 wear and tear 损耗；磨损 31 conclusion n. 结论；推论 32 penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林 33 flee vi.&vt. (fled,fled)逃避；逃跑 34 circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况 35 novelist n. 小说家 36 novel n. (长篇)小说 adj.新颖的 37 flow vi. 流；流动 n.流动；流量 38 chart n. 图表；航海图 vt.记录；制定 39 flow chart 流程图 40 found vt. (founded,founded)创建；建立 41 infer vt. 推断；推论 42 politician n. 从政者；政治家 43 numerous adj. 众多的；许多的 44 theory n. 理论；学说 45 relativity n. 相对论；相对性 46 formula n. 公式；方程式；配方 47 genius n. 天赋；天才；天才人物 48 gentle adj. 温和的；文静的 49 patent n. 专利；专利证书 vt.授予专利 50 passion n. 酷爱；激情 51 doctorate n. 博士学位 52 extraordinary adj. 非凡的；令人惊奇的 53 gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 54 photoelectric adj. 光电的 55 come to power 上台；开始掌权 56 institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗 57 institute n. (教育、专业等)机构；研究所 58 consequence n. 结果；后果 59 take up a position 担任；任职 60 moustache n. 上唇的胡子；髭 61 peculiarity n. 个性；特色；怪异的性质 62 encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到 n.相遇；邂逅 63 professor n. 教授 64 mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；忧伤 65 remarkable adj. 显著的；非凡的 66 device n. 设备；仪器；装置 67 sum n. 金额；总数 vi.概括；总结 68 sum up 总结；概括 69 draft n. 草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 请把你反复记不住的单词及错因填写在下表中，便于循环巩固： 序号 单词 词性 错因 / 备注 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $专题01 第一单元 语境串记单元记忆学案（人教版2019） （ 知识点来源： 选择性必修一 Unit 1 People of Achievement ） 学校:_____________ 姓名：______________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 1 第二部分：词形转变表 2 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 3 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 6 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 1 People of Achievement，共69词） 8 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 10 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 A. 语境串记单词（英文原文） The Discovery of Artemisinin Tu Youyou, a committed and academic researcher at the Chinese medical academy, made a crucial discovery that changed the world. At that time, malaria was a deadly disease, and finding a cure was a vital and difficult objective for scientists. She decided to commit herself to extracting artemisinin from wormwood, a common botanical plant. Her team would first boil the plant to get a liquid substance, then use careful methods to analyse its property and distinct effects. After years of hard work, they finally managed to obtain a medicine that could defeat the terrible disease. The world began to acknowledge her great work, and she later received a patent and the Nobel Prize. To evaluate the new medicine, her team drew a flow chart and used it to sum up the steps. They insist on testing every sample, because apparently the wrong method could cause wear and tear to the equipment. After much study of the circumstance, they reached a clear conclusion: the plant's physiology decided its healing power. They also found penicillin and other substance useful, though some patients tried to flee from the bitter taste. A famous novelist even wrote a novel about her, praising her passion for science. With a doctorate and extraordinary talent, she became a professor whom many students would encounter in the lab. As a scientific mind, she believed a clear objective could lead to a remarkable result. She would found a new institution and take up a position as its head, training young people. Numerous students learned to infer answers from facts and to chart their progress. A genius like Einstein had shown that a simple formula could explain relativity and the theory of time; Tu Youyou's work was just as important. She was gentle yet firm, and gradually the whole institute accepted her ideas. The consequence was a safer world, and people no longer mourn so many victims of malaria. Some critics, a politician among them, once doubted her, but she did not flee. She used a device to test the photoelectric effect of light on the plant. Before publishing, she made a draft and asked colleagues to evaluate it. Her peculiarity of working late was known to all. No matter who come to power, she would insist that science serve the people, and the flow of ideas grew. To sum up, she would always commit oneself to do better for humanity, spending her days mostly with the same green plant, and the sum of her efforts saved millions. B. 语境串记单词（汉语译文） 屠呦呦是中国一家医学研究院(academy)里一位坚定(committed)而学术(academic)的研究员，她做出了一个至关重要(crucial)的发现，改变了世界。那时，疟疾(malaria)是一种致命的疾病，找到疗法对世界各地的科学家而言都是一个必不可少(vital)而困难(objective)的目标。她决心致力于(commit)从蒿(wormwood)中提取(extract)青蒿素(artemisinin)——一种常见的植物学(botanical)植物。她的团队首先煮沸(boil)这种植物，得到一种液体(liquid)物质(substance)，然后用严谨的方法分析(analyse)它的性质(property)与明显(distinct)的功效。经过多年努力，他们终于设法获得(obtain)一种能击败(defeat)这种可怕疾病的药物。世界开始承认(acknowledge)她的伟大工作，她后来获得了专利(patent)与诺贝尔奖。 为了评价(evaluate)这种新药，她的团队画了一张流程图(flow chart)，并用它来总结(sum up)步骤。他们坚持(insist on)检测每一个样本，因为显然(apparently)错误的方法会给设备造成损耗(wear and tear)。在对情况(circumstance)进行大量研究后，他们得出了明确的结论(conclusion)：这种植物的生理学(physiology)决定了它的疗效。他们还发现青霉素(penicillin)和其他物质(substance)有用，尽管一些病人试图逃离(flee)那苦涩的味道。一位著名的小说家(novelist)甚至写了一部小说(novel)来赞扬她对科学的热情(passion)。凭借博士学位(doctorate)与非凡(extraordinary)的天赋，她成为了许多学生会在实验室里遇见(encounter)的教授(professor)。 作为一名科学(scientific)的头脑，她相信一个清晰的目标(objective)能带来显著(remarkable)的成果。她会创建(found)一个新的机构(institution)并担任(take up a position)其负责人，培养年轻人。众多(numerous)的学生学会了从事实中推断(infer)答案，并绘制图表(chart)来记录他们的进步。像爱因斯坦那样的天才(genius)曾表明，一个简单的公式(formula)可以解释相对论(relativity)与时间理论(theory)；屠呦呦的工作同样重要。她温和(gentle)而坚定，渐渐地(gradually)整个学院(institute)都接受了她的想法。结果(consequence)是一个更安全的世界，人们不再为那么多疟疾受害者哀悼(mourn)。 一些批评者，其中有一位政治家(politician)，曾怀疑过她，但她没有逃离(flee)。她使用一种装置(device)来测试光线对这种植物的光电(photoelectric)效应。在发表前，她起草(draft)了一份稿子，并请同事评价(evaluate)它。她工作到很晚的怪异(peculiarity)是众所周知的；甚至连她的髭(moustache)也成了实验室里友好的玩笑。当新领导人开始掌权(come to power)时，他会坚持(insist)科学为人民服务，思想的流动(flow)也随之增长。总之(sum up)，她总会致力于(commit oneself to do)为人类做得更好，日复一日大多(mostly)与同一种绿色植物相伴，而她努力的总和(sum)拯救了数百万人。 第二部分：词形转变表 序号 原词 词形变化 1 commit vt.承诺 committed (adj.) 坚定的；commitment (n.) 承诺；committed oneself to 致力于 2 crucial adj.关键的 crucially (adv.) 关键地；crucial 无常用动词形式 3 vital adj.重要的 vitally (adv.) 极其；vitality (n.) 生命力 4 academy n.学院 academic (adj.) 学术的；academically (adv.) 学术上 5 evaluate vt.评价 evaluation (n.) 评价；evaluative (adj.) 评估的 6 analyse vt.分析 analysis (n.) 分析；analytical (adj.) 分析的 7 obtain vt.获得 obtainable (adj.) 可获得的；obtainment (n.) 获得 8 acknowledge vt.承认 acknowledgement (n.) 承认；acknowledged (adj.) 公认的 9 defeat vt.击败 defeated (adj.) 被击败的；defeat (n.) 失败 10 distinct adj.清晰的 distinctly (adv.) 明显地；distinction (n.) 差别；distinctive (adj.) 独特的 11 extract vt.提取 extraction (n.) 提取；extractive (adj.) 提取的 12 conclusion n.结论 conclude (v.) 总结；conclusive (adj.) 结论性的 13 scientific adj.科学的 science (n.) 科学；scientist (n.) 科学家 14 extraordinary adj.非凡的 extraordinarily (adv.) 非凡地；extraordinariness (n.) 非凡 15 remarkable adj.显著的 remarkably (adv.) 显著地；remarkableness (n.) 显著 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 题型1：英汉互译（30题） 乐思英语 ·语境串记单词 第 1 / 10 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 子题A：英译中（20个） 1. physiology → __________ 2. artemisinin → __________ 3. crucial → __________ 4. malaria → __________ 5. vital → __________ 6. committed → __________ 7. academy → __________ 8. academic → __________ 9. objective → __________ 10. botanical → __________ 11. evaluate → __________ 12. extract → __________ 13. wormwood → __________ 14. boil → __________ 15. obtain → __________ 16. acknowledge → __________ 17. substance → __________ 18. analyse → __________ 19. scientific → __________ 20. conclusion → __________ 子题B：中译英（10个） 1. 生理学 → __________ 2. 青蒿素 → __________ 3. 疟疾 → __________ 4. 研究院 → __________ 5. 目标 → __________ 6. 提取 → __________ 7. 物质 → __________ 8. 分析 → __________ 9. 结论 → __________ 10. 专利 → __________ 题型2：词形变换（10题） 1. Tu Youyou's __________ (commit) work finally led to the discovery of artemisinin. 2. Her discovery of artemisinin was __________ (crucial) important for the health of people all over the world. 3. After many tests, the team could __________ (evaluation) the new medicine in a safe way. 4. They used careful methods to __________ (analysis) why the plant could cure the illness. 5. The new and useful medicine was __________ (obtain) only in a few big hospitals in the city. 6. The world began to __________ (acknowledgement) her great and useful contribution to medicine. 7. The terrible disease was finally __________ (defeat) by the new medicine that Tu Youyou found. 8. The two medical plants are __________ (distinct) different from each other in colour and smell. 9. The __________ (extract) of artemisinin needs hot water and a long time. 10. They drew a clear __________ (conclude) from the careful and long experiment. 题型3：短语填空（8题） 从方框中选择短语，用正确形式填空： commit oneself to；wear and tear；flow chart；come to power；take up a position；sum up；insist on；draw a conclusion 1. Tu Youyou decided to __________ the research on artemisinin for the rest of her life. 2. Years of hard work caused some __________ to the old laboratory equipment. 3. Before writing the report, we should draw a __________ to show the steps clearly. 4. After the election, the new president will __________ next Monday morning. 5. She will __________ as a professor at the famous medical institute next year. 6. To __________ the whole story, we can say hard work brings success. 7. We __________ finishing the project on time even though it was very difficult. 8. After reading all the data, the scientist could __________ about the cause of the disease. 题型4：完成句子（10题） 1. 屠呦呦是一位坚定的科学家，她永不放弃，而她非凡的工作帮助了全世界许多病人。 Tu Youyou is a __________ scientist who never gives up, and her __________ work has helped many sick people all around the world. 2. 为世界各地的科学家找到这种疾病的疗法，是一个至关重要而困难的目标，他们多年来一直努力达成。 Finding a cure for the disease was a __________ and difficult __________ that all the scientists in the world had tried hard to reach for many years. 3. 她那勤奋的团队从蒿这种植物中提取青蒿素，并在多年努力后最终获得了这种有用而重要的药物。 Her hard-working team __________ artemisinin from the wormwood plant and finally __________ the useful and important medicine after many years of hard work. 4. 经过长期的巨大努力与多次失败，他们终于获得了这种有用的药物，并最终击败了这种可怕的疾病。 After a long period of great effort and many failures, they finally __________ the useful medicine and __________ the terrible disease at last. 5. 全世界承认了她伟大而有用的的工作，甚至如今人们仍把她的离世当作科学的巨大损失而哀悼。 The whole world __________ her great and useful work, and even now people still __________ her death as a great loss to science. 6. 这种可怕而致命的疾病击败了非洲和亚洲数百万穷人，他们试图逃离它却最终失败了。 The terrible and deadly disease __________ millions of poor people in Africa and Asia, who tried to __________ from it but finally failed. 7. 他们用细心分析了大量重要数据，并最终推断出这种新药对所有病人都是完全安全的。 They __________ the large amount of important data with care and finally __________ that the new medicine was completely safe for all the sick patients. 8. 我们从年轻科学家精心起草、耗时数月的那次细心而漫长的实验中，得出了明确而有用的结论。 We drew a clear and useful __________ from the careful and long experiment that the young scientists had __________ with great care for many months. 9. 他为自己有用的新发明获得了非常重要的专利，政府在漫长而艰难的申请后于去年认可了它。 He got a very important __________ for his useful new invention, and the government __________ it last year after a long and difficult application. 10. 她的伟大成就非凡且令全世界瞩目，当收音机里传来诺贝尔奖的消息时。 Her great achievement was __________ and __________ to the whole world when the news of the Nobel Prize was heard on the radio. 题型5：句型同义转换：用本单元单词或短语作答 1. Tu Youyou is a scientist who works very hard and never stops trying. → Tu Youyou is a __________ scientist who never stops trying. 2. Finding a cure was a very important and necessary task for the world. → Finding a cure was a __________ task for the world. 3. Her team got artemisinin from the wormwood plant by boiling it. → Her team __________ artemisinin __________ the wormwood plant by boiling it. 4. After reading the results, they knew the cause of the illness. → After reading the results, they __________ the cause of the illness. 5. We can say in a few words that hard work brings great success. → We can __________ __________ that hard work brings great success. 题型6：单句语法填空（10题） 1. Artemisinin __________ (discover) by Tu Youyou and her team in the 1970s. 2. The scientist __________ (insist) on testing the new medicine by himself. 3. The famous research institute __________ (found) in the year 1958. 4. The green liquid __________ (flow) slowly through the long tube. 5. The final result can __________ (infer) from the data we collected. 6. Her important paper __________ (publish) when she was still young. 7. He __________ (patent) his useful invention last year. 8. They __________ (encounter) a lot of difficulties at the very beginning. 9. She __________ (boil) the wormwood to get the useful liquid inside. 10. The teacher __________ (sum) up the lesson at the end of the class. 题型7：阅读理解（词汇复现） Albert Einstein was one of the greatest minds in the history of science. As a young man, he showed an extraordinary talent and later developed the famous theory of relativity. His formula changed the way people understood time and space forever. Although he was a quiet and gentle person, his ideas were remarkable and changed the world in a deep way. Einstein did not come to power or become a politician; instead, he worked at an institute and taught many students with great care. He believed that a clear objective and hard work could lead to great discovery in the end. When he met a difficult problem, he would analyse it carefully and infer the answer step by step. He was also a scientific thinker who liked to evaluate every new idea before accepting it as true. Many years later, people still mourn his death and remember his great contributions to human knowledge and peace. His life is a remarkable example that shows how a single idea can change history for good. Like Tu Youyou, he had a strong passion for his work and would commit himself to finding the truth. He did not care for wealth or fame, but only for the conclusion that his studies were correct and useful. Some people thought his ideas were too strange at first, but Einstein would insist on his views when the evidence was clear enough. He used a flow chart to organise his thoughts and would sum up his results in a few simple words. As a true genius, he showed that even a novel way of thinking could explain the oldest questions about the universe. His doctorate and many years of study made him a respected professor whom students loved to encounter in the classroom every day. In the end, Einstein's work, together with the discovery of artemisinin by Tu Youyou, proves that science has no border at all. Both scientists faced hard circumstance and used distinct methods, yet both reached a conclusion that helped all of mankind. We should acknowledge their courage and try to obtain the same spirit of never giving up on our dreams. 1. What is Einstein's most famous contribution mentioned in the passage? A. The theory of relativity. B. A new kind of medicine. C. A political party. D. The invention of the telephone. 2. What does the underlined word "gentle" most probably mean? A. Loud and active. B. Quiet and kind. C. Rich and famous. D. Angry and strict. 3. What can we infer about Einstein from the passage? A. He wanted to become a politician. B. He valued clear objectives and hard work. C. He disliked teaching students. D. He never analysed problems carefully. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to win a Nobel Prize quickly. B. Einstein's life and his great contributions to the world. C. The history of the institute he worked at. D. Why relativity is a difficult formula. 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 A. 词汇网络图（话题：People of Achievement） 类别 词汇 同义词 / 近义 相关词 / 话题 行为动词 描述词 短语 / 搭配 B. 易混词辨析（4组，每组3小题） 第1组：commit / committed / commitment (1) Her __________ to the research made her work day and night for many years. (2) The __________ scientist never gave up his dream of finding a cure for the disease. (3) We should __________ ourselves to helping the poor people in the small village. 第2组：evaluate / analysis / analyse (1) Careful __________ of the data helped them find the answer at last. (2) They used a new method to __________ the quality of the new medicine. (3) The final __________ showed that the new drug was safe and useful. 第3组：obtain / obtained / obtainable (1) After years of work, they finally __________ the important patent for the medicine. (2) It is not easy to __________ enough wormwood in the cold and poor area. (3) The medicine is __________ only in a few big hospitals in the city. 第4组：conclude / conclusion / conclusive (1) They drew a clear __________ from the long and careful experiment. (2) We can __________ from the facts that hard work brings great success. (3) The evidence was not __________, so they needed more tests to be sure. C. 跨单元微循环（15题，复习 必修第三册 Unit 5 The Value of Money 词汇（教学进度的上一单元）） 1. The honest and kind old man __________ (道歉) to his neighbour for the noise that his lovely dog made every early morning. 2. After losing his job, he had to __________ (取得贷款) from the bank so that he could pay for his son's education. 3. We should never __________ (忽视) the small mistakes in our homework, because they may become big problems later. 4. It is not easy to __________ (评价) a person only by his clothes, because a kind heart is more important than looks. 5. The opening __________ (场面) of the play was so moving that many people in the theatre began to cry quietly. 6. They made a __________ (打赌) about who would finish the long book first, and the winner got a small gift. 7. The rich man treated his __________ (仆人) with kindness, and the servant worked for him for many happy years. 8. From the top of the tall building, we could __________ (看见) the whole beautiful city lying under the warm morning light. 9. No one would __________ (敢于) to tell the angry king the true and unhappy news about the lost battle. 10. A good teacher needs a lot of __________ (耐心) when explaining the same difficult problem again and again to slow students. 11. Do not __________ (犹豫) to ask your teacher for help when you meet a problem that you cannot solve by yourself. 12. After a long and difficult journey, they __________ (最终) arrived at the small village that they had dreamed of visiting. 13. We have no other __________ (选择) but to study harder, because the final exam is now very close to us. 14. The school does not __________ (允许) students to use mobile phones in class, because it may disturb the lesson. 15. On the __________ (基础) of years of careful study, the young scientist finally published his important new paper. 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 1 People of Achievement，共69词） 序号 单词 词性 中文释义 默写 1 physiology n. 生理学 2 artemisinin n. 青蒿素 3 crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 4 malaria n. 疟疾 5 vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的 6 committed adj. 坚定的；坚信的 7 commit vt. 承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入 8 commit oneself to doing 致力于做……；承诺做…… 9 academy n. 专科院校；研究院；学会 10 academic adj. 学业的；学术的 11 objective n. 目标；目的 adj.客观的 12 botanical adj. 植物学的 13 evaluate vt. 评价；评估 14 property n. 性质；特性；财产 15 distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；不同的 16 extract vt. 提取；提炼 n.摘录；提取 17 wormwood n. 蒿；苦艾 18 boil vt. 煮沸；烧开 vi.沸腾 19 liquid n. 液体 adj.液体的 20 obtain vt. (尤指通过努力)获得；赢得 21 acknowledge vt. 承认；认可；感谢 22 defeat vt. 击败；战胜 n.失败；击败 23 analyse vt. 分析 24 apparently adv. 显然；可见 25 substance n. 物质；实质；物品 26 insist vi.&vt. 坚持；坚决要求 27 insist on 坚持；坚决要求 28 scientific adj. 科学(上)的 29 mostly adv. 主要地；大部分 30 wear and tear 损耗；磨损 31 conclusion n. 结论；推论 32 penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林 33 flee vi.&vt. (fled,fled)逃避；逃跑 34 circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况 35 novelist n. 小说家 36 novel n. (长篇)小说 adj.新颖的 37 flow vi. 流；流动 n.流动；流量 38 chart n. 图表；航海图 vt.记录；制定 39 flow chart 流程图 40 found vt. (founded,founded)创建；建立 41 infer vt. 推断；推论 42 politician n. 从政者；政治家 43 numerous adj. 众多的；许多的 44 theory n. 理论；学说 45 relativity n. 相对论；相对性 46 formula n. 公式；方程式；配方 47 genius n. 天赋；天才；天才人物 48 gentle adj. 温和的；文静的 49 patent n. 专利；专利证书 vt.授予专利 50 passion n. 酷爱；激情 51 doctorate n. 博士学位 52 extraordinary adj. 非凡的；令人惊奇的 53 gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 54 photoelectric adj. 光电的 55 come to power 上台；开始掌权 56 institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗 57 institute n. (教育、专业等)机构；研究所 58 consequence n. 结果；后果 59 take up a position 担任；任职 60 moustache n. 上唇的胡子；髭 61 peculiarity n. 个性；特色；怪异的性质 62 encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到 n.相遇；邂逅 63 professor n. 教授 64 mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；忧伤 65 remarkable adj. 显著的；非凡的 66 device n. 设备；仪器；装置 67 sum n. 金额；总数 vi.概括；总结 68 sum up 总结；概括 69 draft n. 草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟 第六部分：单元"顽固词库" 请把你反复记不住的单词及错因填写在下表中，便于循环巩固： 序号 单词 词性 错因 / 备注 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $