Unit 1 Friendship word power 课后练习2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** Unit 1 Friendship word power 课后练习（初中英语新授课同步练），以“词汇—句型—语篇”递进设计，分层巩固主题词汇与表达，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（如helpful, careless）与基础句型（如be proud of）|英汉互译、完成句子，夯实语言基础| |进阶层|词汇语境运用与篇章逻辑（如人物性格描述）|选词填空（词形变换）、完形填空，强化语篇理解| |综合层|主题语篇分析与信息提取（如朋友故事）|阅读理解、任务型阅读，提升思维品质与综合应用能力|

Unit 1 Friendship word power 课后练习 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、翻译 英汉互译。 1．乐于助人的 ____________ 2．粗心大意的 ____________ 3．无望的 ____________ 4．一个不眠之夜 ____________ 5．useful advice ____________ 6．a meaningful activity ____________ 二、完成句子 7．她在音乐方面很有天赋。 She ________ a ________ for music. 8．我们应该为自己的朋友感到骄傲。 We should ________ ________ of our friends. 9．王老师很乐观，总是鼓励我们。 Mr Wang is very ________ and always ________ us. 10．Mr. Land is 40 years old. And Mrs. Land is 38 years old. (合并为一句) Mr. Land is two ________ ________ than Mrs. Land. 11．I think Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. (改为同义句) I think Shanghai is ________________ city in China. 三、完形填空 Jack and Tom were neighbours. They became 12 when they were five years old. They went to the same school and played together every day. Jack was 13 and always made Tom laugh. Tom was 14 and always helped Jack with his homework. One day, Jack got a new bicycle. He was very 15 and rode it around the neighbourhood. Tom watched him 16 and felt a little jealous. But instead of showing it, Tom said, “That’s a great bike! Can I try it sometime?” Jack 17 happily. When Tom rode the bike, he accidentally fell and 18 it. He felt terrible and said sorry again and again. Jack felt upset about his new bike, 19 he didn’t get angry. He said, “It’s okay. You didn’t do it on purpose. That’s what friends are for.” From this 20 , Tom learned that true friends forgive each other. Jack learned that friendship is 21 than any bike. They remained best friends forever. 12．A．classmates B．neighbours C．friends D．cousins 13．A．serious B．humorous C．quiet D．shy 14．A．lazy B．selfish C．kind D．careless 15．A．nervous B．excited C．worried D．bored 16．A．happily B．patiently C．angrily D．sadly 17．A．cried B．refused C．agreed D．left 18．A．repaired B．broke C．lost D．sold 19．A．and B．so C．because D．but 20．A．experience B．accident C．problem D．game 21．A．cheaper B．faster C．more expensive D．more important 四、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次） activity; although; character; encourage; kite; nationality; optimistic; pride; talent; volleyball My best friend, Li Ming, is a boy with a great 22 . He is always 23 and never gives up, even when things are difficult. 24 he faces many challenges, he always finds a way to solve them. Li Ming has a special 25 for sports. He is on the school 26 team and also enjoys flying 27 in the park. His favourite 28 is playing basketball with his friends. Li Ming is very kind and always 29 others. He says that everyone, no matter what their 30 is, can be friends. I take 31 in having such a wonderful friend. He truly inspires me to be a better person. 五、阅读理解 Many students take turns sharing stories about their close friends during our English group class this week. Our teacher asks us to use words with the suffixes -ful and -less to describe our classmates’ different personalities, so everyone brings warm little stories to talk about. Kitty is a bright, cheerful and extremely helpful girl in our group. She always thinks more about others than herself and is never careless with her classmates’ true feelings. Whenever any of us meets hard study tasks, fails a small quiz or feels helpless about difficult grammar exercises, she will put down her own notebook and patiently share lots of useful learning ways and exam skills with him or her. Last Monday after evening self-study, her best friend Lily missed the last school bus because she stayed back to ask teachers questions. Lily stood at the school gate alone and felt hopeless to get home before dark. Without thinking twice, Kitty offered to walk all the way home together with her, chatting and telling funny jokes along the road. That warm evening was really very meaningful for both of them, and they still talk about it now and then. Max sits beside me in the classroom. He is an outgoing boy full of joy and humour every single day. If you stay at home alone and have a tasteless, boring weekend with nothing fun to do, he will always invite you to play ball games in the school playground or join his DIY group activities. He knows clearly what words may hurt others, so he never says meaningless cold words to make anyone upset or lonely. Instead, he always chooses warm, encouraging sentences to cheer up classmates who are in low spirits. 32．Kitty is ________. A．careless B．helpful C．hopeless D．tasteless 33．Why did Kitty’s friend feel hopeless? A．Missed the bus B．Failed exams C．No toys D．Sleepless night 34．What will Max do if your weekend is tasteless? A．Tell lies B．Play sports with you C．Do homework D．Sleep all day 35．Which word describes useless words? A．meaningful B．meaningless C．cheerful D．helpless 六、任务型阅读 A Friend’s Kindness I still remember the day I met my best friend, Sarah. It was my first day at a new school. I was very nervous and didn’t know anyone. During lunch, I sat alone at a corner table. Sarah came over with a big smile and said, “Hi, would you like to sit with me?” Her kindness made me feel welcome. After that day, we became close friends. Sarah is the most caring person I know. She always listens to my problems and gives good advice. One time, I failed a maths test and felt terrible. Sarah spent several afternoons helping me improve my maths skills. Thanks to her, I passed the next test. Sarah is also very humorous. She can always make me laugh, even on bad days. We share many happy memories together. From Sarah, I have learned the true meaning of friendship. A real friend is someone who is kind, caring, and always there for you. 36．How did Sarah make the writer feel welcome on the first day? 37．What does the underlined word “caring” mean in Paragraph 2? (Give its English meaning.) 38．What did Sarah do to help the writer after the maths test? 39．What have you learned about friendship from this story? 《Unit 1 Friendship word power 课后练习》参考答案 题号 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 答案 C B C B A C B D A D 题号 32 33 34 35 答案 B A B B 1．helpful 2．careless 3．hopeless 4．a sleepless night 5．有用的建议 6．一次有意义的活动 【解析】略 7． has talent/gift 【详解】①空：主语she是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词使用has。②空：固定搭配have a gift/talent for，表示“在……方面有天赋”，此处填gift/talent。 8． be proud 【详解】中文“为……感到骄傲”对应的英文短语是be proud of，“should”是情态动词，后面必须跟动词原形。 9． optimistic encourages 【详解】原句“乐观”、“鼓励”是关键词。第一个空处于be动词is后，且根据中文含义，形容词optimistic“乐观的”充当表语，符合语境。故第一个空填optimistic。第二个空所处的句子缺失谓语，因此该空格处填写动词。动词encourage翻译为“鼓励”，句中always是一般现在时的标志词，主语Mr Wang是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词需变为三单形式。故第二个空填encourages。 10． years older 【详解】句意：兰德先生40岁。兰德太太38岁。根据原句“Mr. Land is 40 years old”和“Mrs. Land is 38 years old”可知，此处是指兰德先生比兰德太太大两岁，应用“年龄差+years +older+ than”结构，表达“比某人年长几岁”，即“two years older than”。故填years；older。 11．the biggest 【详解】句意：我认为上海比中国其他任何城市都大。改为同义句，此处表达的是上海在中国城市中是最大的，应使用形容词最高级形式：the biggest。故填the biggest。 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A 21．D 【导语】本文讲述了Jack和Tom这对好朋友的故事。Tom弄坏了Jack的新自行车，Jack选择了原谅，体现了友谊比物质更重要。 【详解】12．句意：他们五岁时成为了朋友。 根据前文“Jack and Tom were neighbours.”，可知他们本是邻居；结合结尾处的“best friends”可知，此处指成为朋友，friends符合语境。后文“They went to the same school”只说明他们去同一所学校上学，没说是在同一个班级，所以不能选classmates。 13．句意：Jack很幽默，总让Tom笑。 根据“always made Tom laugh”可知，Jack性格幽默，humorous意为“幽默的”，符合语境。 14．句意：Tom很善良，总是辅导Jack做作业。 根据“always helped Jack with his homework”可知，Tom乐于助人，性格善良，选项中只有kind是褒义词，符合语境。 15．句意：他很兴奋，骑着车到处跑。 根据“Jack got a new bicycle”及“rode it around the neighbourhood”可知，心情应该是很兴奋的，excited符合语境。 16．句意：Tom开心地看着他，心里有点羡慕。 根据后文Tom的话“That’s a great bike!”可知，Tom看着Jack开心骑车，他也是感到高兴的，只是暗地里生出一点羡慕，所以happily符合逻辑。 17．句意：Jack高兴地同意了。 根据后文“When Tom rode the bike”可知，Jack答应了Tom的请求，故选agreed。 18．句意：Tom骑车时意外摔倒，弄坏了车子。 根据“fell”和后文“Jack felt upset about his new bike”，说明车子摔坏了，故选broke。 19．句意：Jack为他的新车感到难受，但是他没有生气。 前半句“Jack felt upset about his new bike”与后半句“he didn’t get angry”构成转折关系，所以用转折连词but。 20．句意：从这次经历中，Tom懂得真正的朋友会互相原谅。 根据“Tom learned that true friends forgive each other.”，此处指整个事件过程：骑车、摔车、被原谅，用experience最合适，指“经历”。accident仅能指摔车，过于片面。 21．句意：Jack懂得友谊比任何自行车都更加重要。 根据文章主旨“友谊至上”可知，友谊比任何自行车更重要，more important符合逻辑。 22．character 23．optimistic 24．Although 25．talent 26．volleyball 27．kites 28．activity 29．encourages 30．nationality 31．pride 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的好友李明乐观坚毅、热爱运动、友善待人的优秀品质，作者为拥有这样的朋友感到自豪。 【详解】22．句意：我最好的朋友李明是一个品格高尚的男孩。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，character意为“性格，品格”，a great character表示“优秀的品格”，符合后文的语境。 23．句意：他总是很乐观，即使事情困难也从不放弃。be动词后接形容词作表语，optimistic意为“乐观的”，契合后文永不言弃的描述。 24．句意：虽然他面临许多挑战，但他总能找到解决问题的办法。前后两句是让步关系，although意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。 25．句意：李明在运动方面有着特殊天赋。根据“has a special...for sports”以及后文内容可知是对运动有天赋，固定搭配have a talent for表示“在……方面有天赋”，talent意为“天赋”，符合语境。 26．句意：他在校排球队，也喜欢在公园里放风筝。volleyball team为固定表达，意为“排球队”。 27．句意：他在校排球队，也喜欢在公园里放风筝。根据“in the park”可知是在公园放风筝，固定短语fly kites表示“放风筝”，用复数kites表泛指各类风筝。 28．句意：他最喜欢的活动是和朋友们打篮球。根据“is playing basketball”可知是最喜欢的活动，favourite后接名词，activity意为“活动”，系动词is提示使用单数形式。 29．句意：李明十分善良，总是鼓励他人。根据“Li Ming is very kind and always”可知他很善良，总是鼓励别人，主语Li Ming是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词使用第三人称单数形式，encourage变化为encourages，意为“鼓励”。 30．句意：他说每个人，无论是什么国籍，都可以成为朋友。根据“no matter what their...”可知是无论什么国籍的人都可以成为朋友，their后接名词，nationality意为“国籍”，符合句意。 31．句意：拥有这样一位很棒的朋友，我感到自豪。根据“in having such a wonderful friend”可知是为有这样的朋友而自豪，固定搭配take pride in表示“为……感到自豪”。 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，课堂上同学们分享好友故事，分别介绍了热心体贴的Kitty和开朗暖心的Max，同时讲解后缀-ful与-less构成的形容词词义。 【详解】32．第二段第一句“Kitty is a bright, cheerful and extremely helpful girl in our group.”，Kitty是一个乐于助人的女孩。 33．第二段第四、五句“...her best friend Lily missed the last school bus... and felt hopeless...”，Kitty的朋友感到绝望是因为错过了最后一班校车。 34．第三段第三句“If you stay at home alone and have a tasteless, boring weekend... he will always invite you to play ball games...”可知，如果周末无聊，Max会邀请你一起去打球。 35．第三段第四句“...he never says meaningless cold words...”以及后缀 -less表示“无、没有”可知，meaningless意为“无意义的”，即“无用的话”。 36．Sarah came over with a big smile and invited the writer to sit with her. 37．It means being kind and showing concern for others’ feelings. 38．She spent several afternoons helping the writer improve maths skills. 39．A real friend is someone who is kind, caring, and always there for you. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在新学校第一天遇到好朋友Sarah的经历，通过Sarah的微笑、帮助和鼓励，作者感受到了友谊的温暖，并领悟到了真正友谊的含义。 【详解】36．第一段“Sarah came over with a big smile and said, ‘Hi, would you like to sit with me?’ Her kindness made me feel welcome.”已点明是Sarah通过微笑和邀请作者同坐让作者感到受欢迎，可以归纳为：Sarah came over with a big smile and invited the writer to sit with her. 37．根据第二段“She always listens to my problems and gives good advice.”以及后文“Sarah spent several afternoons helping me improve my maths skills.”可知，划线词caring的意思是善良且关心他人的感受，故填It means being kind and showing concern for others’ feelings. 38．第二段“Sarah spent several afternoons helping me improve my maths skills.”已点明Sarah是如何帮助作者提高数学技能的，答案几乎是原文引述。 39．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，但观点需基于文中事实。可结合第三段“A real friend is someone who is kind, caring, and always there for you.”以及自己对友谊的理解合理作答，言之有理即可。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $