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人教版PEP五年级上册英语
Unit 5 Food we eat 知识清单
一、单元学习目标
能谈论想吃的食物、水果和饮品,礼貌表达需要、喜好和请求。
能说明食物来自哪里,了解椰子、荷花和茶与不同地区、植物部位及生活方式的联系。
能区分可数与不可数食物名词,正确使用 some、a little、there is / are 等表达。
能读懂荷花和茶的语篇,提取植物各部分的用途、茶的历史传播和主要产地信息。
二、单元知识地图
项目
本单元重点
主题
Food we eat:从“想吃什么”延伸到“食物来自哪里、植物的哪些部分可以食用、食物如何被加工和传播”,形成食物选择、来源和文化的整体认识。
核心词汇
hungry, beef, rice, chicken soup, salad, vegetables, ice cream, favourite fruit, coconut, coconut water, meal, coconut tree leaves, lotus plant, flower, seeds, roots, leaves, tea leaves, stem, hot water, green tea, black tea, flower tea。
核心句型
What would you like to eat? / I'd like ... / Would you like ...? / Can I have ...? / What's your favourite fruit? / Why do you like ...? / Where does ... come from?
核心语法
would like 表达想要;Would you like ...? 提出礼貌邀请或询问;some、a little 表示数量;there is / are 介绍存在;Where does ... come from? 询问来源;because 说明原因。
语篇阅读
从一顿饭的选择和椰子来源,扩展到荷花的花、种子、根和叶,再通过茶的历史、饮用方法、传播路线和种类理解食物背后的自然与文化。
口语写作
能谈论想吃的食物和喜爱的水果,说明原因及来源;能写一段食物介绍,包含名称、来源、用途或健康价值。
三、重点词汇与语块
类别
词汇 / 语块
用法提示
食物选择
beef, rice, chicken soup, salad, vegetables, ice cream
What would you like to eat? 用于询问想吃什么;You should also have some salad 表示健康搭配建议。
数量表达
some, a little, enough, a lot of, different ways
some 修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词;a little 表示一点儿,常修饰不可数名词。
水果与来源
favourite fruit, coconut, coconut water, coconut tree leaves, Hainan
说明喜欢的水果、喜欢的原因以及来源。Coconuts are my favourite. They come from Hainan.
荷花各部分
lotus plant, lotus flowers, lotus seeds, lotus roots, lotus leaves, young leaves
说明荷花的花、种子、根和叶的特点及食用方式。
茶的知识
tea leaves, stem, root, flower, seeds, hot water, green tea, black tea, flower tea
介绍茶树各部分、泡茶方法、传播历史和茶的种类。
四、核心句型
功能
句型
用法 / 例句
询问想吃什么
What would you like to eat?
询问对方想吃什么。I'd like beef and rice.
礼貌提出选择
Would you like + 食物?
询问对方是否想要某种食物。Would you like some chicken soup too?
礼貌请求
Can I have + 食物, please?
请求得到某种食物。Can I have some ice cream, please?
询问喜好
What's your favourite fruit?
询问最喜欢的水果。Coconuts are my favourite.
询问原因
Why do you like ...?
询问喜欢某种食物的原因。Because coconut water is nice.
询问来源
Where does ... come from?
询问食物或植物来自哪里。Where does your coconut come from?
说明存在
There is / are ...
介绍某地或某类事物中存在什么。There are many coconut trees there.
五、核心语法精讲(一):would like 表达想要
would like 表示“想要、想吃、想喝”,语气比 want 更礼貌。询问和回答食物时,常用 What would you like ...? 和 I'd like ...。
结构
例句
说明
What would you like to + 动词?
What would you like to eat?
询问对方想做什么或想吃什么。would like 后的 to 后接动词原形。
主语 + would like + 名词
I'd like beef and rice.
表达想要某种食物;I'd 是 I would 的缩写。
Would you like + 名词?
Would you like some chicken soup too?
礼貌询问对方是否想要某物。
回答邀请
Yes, please. / No, thank you.
接受或礼貌拒绝。课文中 Oliver 用 Yes, please. 接受鸡汤。
区别:I'd like beef and rice. 表示“我想要牛肉和米饭”;I like beef and rice. 表示“我喜欢牛肉和米饭”。前者强调当前想要,后者强调一般喜好。
六、核心语法精讲(二):some、a little 和不可数食物
食物名词有的可以数,有的通常作为不可数名词使用。some 可以修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词;a little 表示“一点儿”,通常修饰不可数名词。
表达
用法
本单元例子
some + 复数可数名词
一些可以数的食物或物品
some vegetables, some coconuts
some + 不可数名词
一些不可数食物或饮料
some chicken soup, some salad, some ice cream
a little + 不可数名词
一点儿……
Just a little ice cream.
many / a lot of + 复数或数量
许多……
There are many coconut trees there. There are a lot of colours.
在本单元语境中,rice、soup、salad、ice cream、water 通常按不可数名词使用;coconuts、trees、colours、seeds、roots、leaves 可以用复数形式表示多个。
七、核心语法精讲(三):there is / are 介绍存在
there is / are 表示“有、存在”,用于介绍某地或某处有什么。后面的名词是单数或不可数时用 there is,后面的名词是复数时用 there are。
结构
例句
说明
There is + 单数 / 不可数名词
There is a tea plant here.
表示有一个或一种事物,也可用于不可数名词。
There are + 复数名词
There are many coconut trees there.
表示有多个事物。
There is / are ... in ...
There are lotus plants in lakes.
介绍某地存在的植物或食物。
否定或疑问
There isn't ... / Are there ...?
根据需要询问或说明某处是否有某物。
there be 句型中的 be 动词要看紧跟其后的名词:There is some rice. 但 There are many coconut trees. 不能只看句子后面较远的名词。
八、核心语法精讲(四):Where does ... come from? 询问来源
Where does ... come from? 表示“……来自哪里”,用于询问食物、植物或物品的来源。主语是第三人称单数时,助动词用 does,实义动词 come 使用原形。
结构
例句
说明
Where does + 单数名词 + come from?
Where does your coconut come from?
coconut 是单数,使用 does。
单数回答
It comes from Hainan.
说明某物来自海南。
复数回答
They come from different places.
主语是复数时用 they come。
具体地点说明
There are many coconut trees there.
补充说明该地有什么。
易错点:不能说 Where do your coconut comes from?;应说 Where does your coconut come from? does 已经承担了第三人称单数形式,come 要用原形。
九、核心语法精讲(五):because 说明喜欢或选择的原因
because 表示“因为”,后面接一个完整句子。它可以回答 Why do you like ...?,也可以解释为什么选择某种食物。
结构
例句
说明
Why ...? Because ...
Why do you like coconuts? Because coconut water is nice.
Why 提问原因,because 回答原因。
结果 + because + 原因
I like coconuts because coconut water is healthy.
because 后接主语和谓语。
Because + 原因, 结果
Because vegetables are good for me, I have some salad.
because 从句放句首时,后面通常加逗号。
十、语篇阅读:What do we eat?
Oliver 饿了,妈妈询问他想吃什么。Oliver 想吃牛肉和米饭,妈妈又提供鸡汤,并建议他吃沙拉,因为蔬菜对身体有益。Oliver 还请求吃冰淇淋,妈妈同意但提醒只能吃一点点。
对话结构:表达饥饿 → 询问想吃什么 → 选择主食 → 提供搭配 → 提出健康建议 → 礼貌请求甜食 → 限制数量。阅读时要注意 would like、Would you like、Can I have 和 a little 的不同功能。
十一、语篇阅读:Where does our food come from?
Binbin 最喜欢椰子,因为椰子水好喝而且健康。椰子还可以用来烹饪美味食物,有些人用椰子树叶建房子。Binbin 的椰子来自海南,那里有许多椰子树。
阅读思路:喜欢的水果 → 喜欢的原因 → 食物或植物的其他用途 → 来源地点 → 当地特点。说明食物来源时,要注意 Where does ... come from? 与 It comes from ... 的对应。
十二、语篇阅读:The lotus plant
荷花很漂亮,有许多颜色,荷花植株生长在世界各地的湖泊中,而且全身都可以食用。莲子小而圆,可以用不同方式烹饪;莲藕又大又粗,味道鲜美,也有很多烹饪方法;荷叶又大、又圆、又绿,嫩叶可以食用,也可以用荷叶蒸米饭。
阅读时按“部位—外形—用途”整理信息:flowers 主要介绍美丽和颜色;seeds 介绍形状和烹饪;roots 介绍颜色、味道和做法;leaves 介绍形状、颜色、食用和蒸饭用途。
十三、语篇阅读:Tea
茶的故事分为几个阶段:起初人们不喝茶,而是吃茶叶;后来人们开始把茶叶放入热水中泡茶,茶的种类也越来越多;茶最早在中国流行,后来传到日本和其他国家,18世纪在英国流行。如今茶遍布世界各地,有绿茶、红茶、花茶等,大部分茶来自中国。
这篇文章还介绍了茶的用途:在中国,有些人用茶叶烹制鸡肉和茶叶蛋,还用茶制作蛋糕和冰淇淋。阅读时可按“起初—后来—传播—现在”梳理时间线。
十四、口语表达:谈论食物、喜好和来源
表达顺序
句型
示例
表达需要
I'm hungry. / I'd like ...
I'm hungry. I'd like beef and rice.
询问选择
What would you like to eat? / Would you like ...?
Would you like some soup?
表达喜好
... is my favourite. / I like ... because ...
Coconuts are my favourite because they are healthy.
说明来源
Where does ... come from? It comes from ...
Where does tea come from? Most tea comes from China.
补充用途
We can cook / make ... with ...
We can cook delicious meals with coconut.
十五、写作表达:介绍一种食物或植物
写作时可以选择水果、茶、荷花或自己熟悉的食物,依次介绍名称、来源、特点、用途以及自己是否喜欢。
写作模板:My favourite food / plant is ____. It comes from ____. It is ____. We can eat / drink / cook / make ____ with it. I like it because ____.
检查要点:食物名称前后的数量表达是否合适;来源句是否使用 comes from;原因是否用 because 连接完整句子;there is / are 是否与名词一致;是否写出食物的具体用途或健康价值。
十六、单元速记
点餐表达:What would you like to eat? I'd like ... Would you like ...? Can I have ...?
数量表达:some + 复数或不可数名词;a little + 不可数名词;too much / too many 要根据名词判断。
存在表达:There is + 单数或不可数名词;There are + 复数名词。
来源表达:Where does ... come from? It comes from ... / They come from ...。
阅读主线:食物选择 → 食物来源 → 植物各部分用途 → 茶的传播和文化。
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