精品解析：2023届江苏省扬州中学联培部高三一模英语考试试题（英才E）

江苏省扬州中学联培部2023届高三一模考试 英语（英才E） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In her book Unequal: The maths of when things do and don’t add up, Eugenia Cheng challenges the view that equality in mathematics is straightforward. She argues that in both math and life, some things are more equal than others. Cheng begins with equations(方程式), noting that interesting ones show sameness with difference. For example, while 180 = 180 tells us nothing, x + y + z = 180 (for angles of a triangle) is meaningful, but only true in certain contexts, like a two-dimensional plane, not on a sphere(球体). Cheng’s aim is to explore how we decide when things are “the same” in mathematics. Her approach is both playful and deeply serious, explaining abstract concepts through interesting examples like making Mobius strips (莫比乌斯环) and baking a cake. Having opened with equations, Cheng moves on to numbers, joking that the good thing about them is that they are boring. By this, she means that they reduce potentially confusing complexity to a single quantity. Numbers can be powerful tools because they let us focus on one aspect of a situation in detail. They can also be misleading if we forget they are a simplification of reality. It would be dangerous to assume, for example, that two people who get the same score on an IQ test are equally intelligent. Cheng really increases the level of abstraction in her discussion of sameness within category theory, but readers do join her on this intellectual journey. After all, some of the greatest works of art, literature and music are technically challenging, yet we still find them beautiful without understanding all its technicalities. “If you think maths is all about equations, and equations are fixed black-and-white facts, then you probably think maths is all fixed and black-and-white,” says Cheng. This book beautifully challenges that misconception. Exploring the meaning of “equals” in mathematics helps us understand not only how complex and interesting math is, but also how the idea of equality is used and misused in life. 1. Which of the following can best summarize the language style of the book Unequal? A. Dry and informal. B. Playful but confusing. C. Simple and straightforward. D. Entertaining but academic. 2. What can we infer about Eugenia Cheng’s view on category theory? A. It is too abstract to be useful. B. It is only relevant to mathematicians. C. It is a challenging but rewarding area of study. D. It is less important than other areas of mathematics. 3. Why did Eugenia Cheng write her book Unequal? A. To explain the basics of mathematics. B. To teach readers how to solve complex equations. C. To explore the meaning of “equals” in mathematics and life. D. To provide convincing examples of mathematical concepts. B Fabian Mdluli grew up in Acornhoek, a rural town that borders Greater Kruger National Park. The park, home to lions, elephants, rhinos, and over 147 animal species, draws nearly two million visitors yearly. Like many young people living near one of South Africa’s 1,690 protected areas, however, 23-year-old Mdluli had never seen the country’s wildlife in person. Last year, Fabian Mdluli became the first fully sponsored student in an initiative by Too Wild Productions to train South Africa’s next generation of wildlife filmmakers. Founded by zoologist-turned TV presenter Lauren Arthur and filmmakers David Eastaugh, the program provides hands-on experience in the wild. During the four-week course in Timbavati Private Nature Reserve (53,000 hectares, western Kruger), students develop technical skills while learning ethical storytelling to drive positive change. Mdluli describes it as transformational. “It helped me discover my passion — editing. It’s all about constructing the story.” While Africa is a primary setting for many internationally acclaimed (受到称赞的) wildlife films, African voices remain scanty behind the camera. A 2022 report revealed that while 25% of film award submissions featured African wildlife, only 7% were actually made in Africa by Africans. A recent UNESCO report confirmed that the film and audiovisual sector in Africa generated just 20 billion. At the same time, youth unemployment stands at more than 65% in rural communities within the Greater Kruger area, where poverty and unemployment are driving factors behind environmental challenges such as human-wildlife conflict. “We’ve seen these challenges with our own eyes and, while we don’t think we can solve these problems alone, we want to ensure those who live closest to these ecosystems have the tools, knowledge and opportunity to tell their own stories,” says Arthur. While Mdluli has joined Too Wild as a junior editor, he’s eager to take on new opportunities in the industry. Arthur says they’ ll support him, as well as their current sponsored students, as much as they can. “Our biggest goal is to have production companies coming to us asking, ‘Hey, who are your local filmmakers? We want to hire them,’” says Arthur. 4. What can we know about young people near the protected areas? A. They benefit from wildlife tourism. B. They all receive filmmaking training. C. They can visit national parks regularly. D. They have little contact with wildlife. 5. What is the feature of Too Wild Productions? A. It offers degree certificates. B. It provides practical field training. C. It focuses on studio production. D. It admits international filmmakers. 6. What does the underlined word “scanty” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Active. B. Weak. C. Confident. D. Unique. 7. What is Arthur’s main expectation for the initiative? A. To build a lasting local talent pool. B. To produce popular wildlife films. C. To encourage youths to work independently. D. To arouse youths’ interest in the film industry. C Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?” To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another. What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us. 8. The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ________. A. determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity B. studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies C. comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques D. finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods 9. Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics? A. Controlled breeding of animals. B. Banning the operation of eco-tourism. C. Planned selection of favorable genes. D. Eliminating domestication. 10. Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with? A. Urbanization has made wild animals more alert. B. Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals. C. City living has led to animals’ genetic variations. D. City living has helped to preserve animal species. 11. The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ________. A. expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly B. train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators C. intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans D. purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment D Think back to when you were in a maths classroom, and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted? A: Oh no, this is too hard for me. I’m not even going to seriously try and work it out. B: Ah, this is quite tricky, but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the answer right, maybe I’ll learn something in the attempt. Early in her career, the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. One group reacted positively and loved the challenge. She says they had a ‘growth mindset’ and are focused on what they can achieve in the future. But another group of children felt that their intelligence was being judged and they had failed. They had a ‘fixed mindset’ and were unable to imagine improving. Some of them looked for someone who had done worse than them to boost their self-esteem. Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in education at the moment. For years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but this makes them vulnerable (脆弱的) to failure. They become performance-oriented, wanting to please by getting high grades, but they are not interested in learning for its own sake. The solution, according to Dweck, is to lead them to become mastery-oriented (i.e., interested in getting better at something). She claims that the ever-lasting effort over time is the key to outstanding achievement. Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning. 12. What can we learn about a person if his answer is closer to “B”? A. He is performance-oriented. B. He tends to set limits to his life. C. He enjoys the process and focuses on the future. D. He boosts his self-esteem by comparing with others. 13. Which of the following suggestions will Professor Dweck give to parents and teachers? A. To reward children for their high grades. B. To emphasize the importance of intelligence. C. To ignore the result brought by failure. D. To praise children for their engagement in the process. 14. What does “These children” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Children showing no interest in learning. B. Children who use fixed mindset techniques. C. Children from much more privileged backgrounds. D. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation. 15. Why does the author write the text? A. To distinguish growth mindset and fixed mindset. B. To inform readers of the importance of growth mindset. C. To show several psychological study results. D. To point out a problem in education at the moment. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A couple of years ago, my wife bought my four-year-old son a set of wooden ramps (坡道) that could be combined with furniture to create courses for little balls to run through. The first course was easy to build. ____16____ Could we make the balls turn corners or go uphill? Would the piano bench support a ramp? The possibilities seemed endless. Over the next two years, we kept adjusting and adding elements to our courses. By the time my son lost interest, we had become experts, seeing ramp potential in almost anything. I hadn’t expected to enjoy the ramps so much. ____17____ This is a form of effortful repetition. In many areas of life, we repeat tasks to perfect them. This is repetition in pursuit of an ideal. ____18____ It allows for exploration and discovery. For instance, when cooking, you can adjust ingredients over time, developing your cooking talent. In music, you can vary your performance, creating new compositions. Repainting a landscape can reveal new artistic opportunities. In these cases, repetition leads to an expanding set of possibilities, not a fixed endpoint We’re used to exploring things ourselves, but as artificial intelligence advances, it can relieve us of the burden of trying again. AI systems can generate new versions of existing things, such as custom recipes based on a photo or multiple versions of a song or image. This raises key questions: Can automated exploration replace human creativity? Is this variation the same as human creativity? ____19____ It feels strange to imagine that soon we may need to remind ourselves to think. AI thinks for us and promises to do the thinking in many contexts. In a world dominated by technology, we already have to remind ourselves to disconnect, go outside, and have non-technological experiences. If we’re not careful, our minds will do less as computers do more. ____20____ A. But as our ambitions grew, so did the challenges. B. And we may never be able to enjoy another ramp ever again. C. How come this man-made technology outperforms our brain? D. There’s also another kind of repetition that combines variation. E. It’s hard for us to decide whether to be the passengers or pilots of our lives. F. But they turned out to be a special experience of trying, failing and trying again. G. As AI improves, we may be tempted to let it take over the process of exploration. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I started my own technology writing business, it began well — I landed my first contract, though I wondered if it was too good to be true. Unfortunately, the third month’s check never arrived, and I never heard from the ____21____ again, despite multiple emails. With no ____22____ in sight, I hit rock bottom. Panic replaced ____23____ optimism. I stopped answering phones and ____24____ myself in my room. One night, a high school friend called. Though the ____25____ thing I wanted to do was admit my failure, I answered in the hope of a ____26____ voice. I listed my problems, but she quickly shut down my self-pity. I was too stunned to return her fire, so I just ____27____. “What is wrong with you? You are a writer, so start writing for magazines.” she shouted. When I mentioned I was ____28____ about what to write, or even where to submit, she snapped, “____29____ the problem! You always got us out of trouble back then-now do the same for yourself.” The memory had _____30_____ my mind, but she was right about it. Still, I was somewhat _____31_____ and thought for a minute about crossing her off my list. I thought, what is wrong with her? That’s the _____32_____ I get for all the support I’ve given her over the years? With nowhere else to turn, I searched online for magazines accepting _____33_____ by email. I found one, wrote an article and sent it off - mostly to prove my friend wrong. To my surprise, the editor accepted it-and it made the _____34_____! That small win changed something in me. If not for her _____35_____ love, I might not have learned life’s important lesson: What was wrong with me was me. 21. A. check B. partner C. project D. client 22. A. connections B. views C. prospects D. benefits 23. A. extreme B. cautious C. newfound D. quiet 24. A. locked B. invested C. cheered D. pushed 25. A. very B. only C. last D. first 26. A. judgmental B. sympathetic C. constructive D. distinctive 27. A. responded B. quit C. listened D. exploded 28. A. clueless B. fearless C. tireless D. worthless 29. A. Go through B. Bring out C. Figure out D. Make up 30. A. crossed B. clouded C. struck D. slipped 31. A. appreciative B. curious C. concerned D. angry 32. A. rewards B. complaints C. orders D. excuses 33. A. subscriptions B. submissions C. admissions D. applications 34. A. point B. cover C. connection D. difference 35. A. blind B. unconditional C. unfulfilled D. tough 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent decades, Made in China has undergone a remarkable transformation. No longer ____36____ (associate) only with inexpensive goods, the phrase now symbolizes innovation, precision and global influence. ____37____ (shift) the focus from quantity to quality, China has massively developed and adopted high-speed railways, 5G networks, and AI-powered systems once seen as exclusive to developed nations. These technologies, once ____38____ (chief) developed for domestic use, are now being exported across the globe, boosting China’s image as a high-tech leader. Furthermore, an important milestone ____39____ (reach) when China’s space station, Tiangong, became fully operational, offering a vivid demonstration of ____40____ can be achieved through Chinese engineering excellence. Meanwhile, electric vehicle makers like BYD and NIO are entering markets ____41____ local brands once occupied through price competitiveness and technological breakthroughs. Behind these advances ____42____ (lie) a strategic national policy aimed at upgrading industrial capacity. The “Made in China 2025” initiative is a blueprint for turning China into a world manufacturing power, ____43____ emphasis on core technologies, sustainability and digital transformation. As Chinese manufacturing moves from imitation to innovation, its products are gaining ____44____ (recognize) for quality and reliability. Experts believe China could soon play a key role in shaping global industrial standards. ____45____, challenges such as trade tensions, supply chain issues, and environmental concerns still exist. But if the current pace continues, Made in China may soon stand for not just mass production, but world-class excellence and sustainable development. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris最近在学习汉语，来信询问古诗“海内存知己，天涯若比邻”的含义。请你根据下面的汉语提示用英语给他写封回信，内容包括： 1. 你的解释； 2. 诗句背后的文化内涵。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two days before New Year’s Eve, the world outside Kelly’s home was blanketed in a quiet frost. Twinkling lights hung from the roof, and the house smelled like cinnamon and pine. The day had unfolded like any other holiday afternoon-grocery delivery, a bit of tidying, and a spontaneous gesture of generosity. When she tipped her Uber delivery driver an extra $130 through the app, Kelly felt a quiet joy, imagining how it might brighten someone’s day. She gave it no further thought. Until the next evening. It was just after dusk when her doorbell rang. Startled (受惊的), Kelly glanced at her phone and tapped the Ring camera app. There, bundled in a thick jacket and shifting nervously on her feet, stood the same delivery woman from two days before. Her cheeks were tinged pink from the cold, and her eyes carried a restless intensity. She cleared her throat. “Hi,” the woman began, her voice tentative but urgent. “I am so sorry to bother you. I’m not a psycho, I swear. I’m with Uber.” Kelly blinked in confusion. The woman gave a tight smile and gestured toward the house with gloved hands, her breath misting in the air. “I delivered your groceries the other day. I... I think you were overcharged,” she said quickly. “I got a $130 tip and — I just — I didn’t sleep last night. I kept thinking maybe it was a mistake or your card got hacked (被侵入) or something.” Her voice trembled, part from the cold and part from the weight of anxiety she had clearly carried all night. She rocked on her heels, as though fighting the urge to flee. “I didn’t know how else to find you but to come back. I just — I didn’t want it to affect your account.” Kelly stepped outside, a mix of surprise and warmth sweeping over her. “You got the money?” she asked. The woman nodded. “Yeah. I received it. But I wasn’t sure if it was meant for me or not.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 “It was for you,” Kelly said with a smile, her voice softening. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Ring camera recording everything, Kelly decided to do one more thing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省扬州中学联培部2023届高三一模考试 英语（英才E） 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In her book Unequal: The maths of when things do and don’t add up, Eugenia Cheng challenges the view that equality in mathematics is straightforward. She argues that in both math and life, some things are more equal than others. Cheng begins with equations(方程式), noting that interesting ones show sameness with difference. For example, while 180 = 180 tells us nothing, x + y + z = 180 (for angles of a triangle) is meaningful, but only true in certain contexts, like a two-dimensional plane, not on a sphere(球体). Cheng’s aim is to explore how we decide when things are “the same” in mathematics. Her approach is both playful and deeply serious, explaining abstract concepts through interesting examples like making Mobius strips (莫比乌斯环) and baking a cake. Having opened with equations, Cheng moves on to numbers, joking that the good thing about them is that they are boring. By this, she means that they reduce potentially confusing complexity to a single quantity. Numbers can be powerful tools because they let us focus on one aspect of a situation in detail. They can also be misleading if we forget they are a simplification of reality. It would be dangerous to assume, for example, that two people who get the same score on an IQ test are equally intelligent. Cheng really increases the level of abstraction in her discussion of sameness within category theory, but readers do join her on this intellectual journey. After all, some of the greatest works of art, literature and music are technically challenging, yet we still find them beautiful without understanding all its technicalities. “If you think maths is all about equations, and equations are fixed black-and-white facts, then you probably think maths is all fixed and black-and-white,” says Cheng. This book beautifully challenges that misconception. Exploring the meaning of “equals” in mathematics helps us understand not only how complex and interesting math is, but also how the idea of equality is used and misused in life. 1. Which of the following can best summarize the language style of the book Unequal? A. Dry and informal. B. Playful but confusing. C. Simple and straightforward. D. Entertaining but academic. 2. What can we infer about Eugenia Cheng’s view on category theory? A. It is too abstract to be useful. B. It is only relevant to mathematicians. C. It is a challenging but rewarding area of study. D. It is less important than other areas of mathematics. 3. Why did Eugenia Cheng write her book Unequal? A. To explain the basics of mathematics. B. To teach readers how to solve complex equations. C. To explore the meaning of “equals” in mathematics and life. D. To provide convincing examples of mathematical concepts. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在《不平等：何时事物相等，何时不相等的数学》一书中，Eugenia Cheng挑战了数学中“平等”是简单明了的传统观念，通过有趣的例子和抽象的数学理论探讨了“相等”的复杂性及其在生活中的应用和误用。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Her approach is both playful and deeply serious, explaining abstract concepts through interesting examples like making Mobius strips and baking a cake.(她的方法既有趣又严肃，通过制作莫比乌斯环和烤蛋糕等有趣的例子来解释抽象概念。)”可知，这本书的语言风格既具有娱乐性(entertaining)，又tuilian具有学术性(academic)。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Cheng really increases the level of abstraction in her discussion of sameness within category theory, but readers do join her on this intellectual journey. After all, some of the greatest works of art, literature and music are technically challenging, yet we still find them beautiful without understanding all its technicalities.(在讨论范畴论中的同一性时，Cheng确实提高了抽象的层次，但读者确实加入了她的智力之旅。毕竟，一些最伟大的艺术、文学和音乐作品在技术上是具有挑战性的，但我们仍然觉得它们很美，即使不理解所有的技术细节。)”可推测，Cheng认为范畴论虽然高度抽象，但值得深入探索，就像欣赏艺术作品一样，即使不完全理解其技术细节，也能感受到其魅力。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Exploring the meaning of “equals” in mathematics helps us understand not only how complex and interesting math is, but also how the idea of equality is used and misused in life. (探索数学中“等于”的含义不仅可以帮助我们理解数学是多么复杂和有趣，还可以帮助我们了解平等的概念在生活中是如何被使用和误用的。)”可推断，Eugenia Cheng的书主要目的是探索数学和生活中“等于”的含义，以及人们是如何使用和误用这个概念。故选C。 B Fabian Mdluli grew up in Acornhoek, a rural town that borders Greater Kruger National Park. The park, home to lions, elephants, rhinos, and over 147 animal species, draws nearly two million visitors yearly. Like many young people living near one of South Africa’s 1,690 protected areas, however, 23-year-old Mdluli had never seen the country’s wildlife in person. Last year, Fabian Mdluli became the first fully sponsored student in an initiative by Too Wild Productions to train South Africa’s next generation of wildlife filmmakers. Founded by zoologist-turned TV presenter Lauren Arthur and filmmakers David Eastaugh, the program provides hands-on experience in the wild. During the four-week course in Timbavati Private Nature Reserve (53,000 hectares, western Kruger), students develop technical skills while learning ethical storytelling to drive positive change. Mdluli describes it as transformational. “It helped me discover my passion — editing. It’s all about constructing the story.” While Africa is a primary setting for many internationally acclaimed (受到称赞的) wildlife films, African voices remain scanty behind the camera. A 2022 report revealed that while 25% of film award submissions featured African wildlife, only 7% were actually made in Africa by Africans. A recent UNESCO report confirmed that the film and audiovisual sector in Africa generated just 20 billion. At the same time, youth unemployment stands at more than 65% in rural communities within the Greater Kruger area, where poverty and unemployment are driving factors behind environmental challenges such as human-wildlife conflict. “We’ve seen these challenges with our own eyes and, while we don’t think we can solve these problems alone, we want to ensure those who live closest to these ecosystems have the tools, knowledge and opportunity to tell their own stories,” says Arthur. While Mdluli has joined Too Wild as a junior editor, he’s eager to take on new opportunities in the industry. Arthur says they’ ll support him, as well as their current sponsored students, as much as they can. “Our biggest goal is to have production companies coming to us asking, ‘Hey, who are your local filmmakers? We want to hire them,’” says Arthur. 4. What can we know about young people near the protected areas? A. They benefit from wildlife tourism. B. They all receive filmmaking training. C. They can visit national parks regularly. D. They have little contact with wildlife. 5. What is the feature of Too Wild Productions? A. It offers degree certificates. B. It provides practical field training. C. It focuses on studio production. D. It admits international filmmakers. 6. What does the underlined word “scanty” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Active. B. Weak. C. Confident. D. Unique. 7. What is Arthur’s main expectation for the initiative? A. To build a lasting local talent pool. B. To produce popular wildlife films. C. To encourage youths to work independently. D. To arouse youths’ interest in the film industry. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Too Wild Productions这一组织通过提供野生动物电影制作培训，帮助南非保护地附近的年轻人接触野生动物，培养他们的电影制作技能，并期望建立本地人才库的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Like many young people living near one of South Africa’s 1,690 protected areas, however, 23-year-old Mdluli had never seen the country’s wildlife in person. (然而，和许多生活在南非1690个保护区之一的年轻人一样，23岁的Mdluli从未亲眼见过该国的野生动物)”可知，居住在保护区附近的年轻人很少接触到野生动物。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Last year, Fabian Mdluli became the first fully sponsored student in an initiative by Too Wild Productions to train South Africa’s next generation of wildlife filmmakers. Founded by zoologist-turned TV presenter Lauren Arthur and filmmakers David Eastaugh, the program provides hands-on experience in the wild.  (去年，法比安·姆德鲁利成为Too Wild Productions公司一项人才培养计划中首位获得全额资助的学员。该项目由动物学家出身的电视主持人劳伦·阿瑟和电影制作人大卫·伊斯特夫共同创立，致力于培养南非下一代野生动物电影制作人，并提供野外实践机会)”可知，Too Wild Productions的一个特点是提供野外实践机会，即实践性的实地培训。故选B项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“While Africa is a primary setting for many internationally acclaimed (受到称赞的) wildlife films, African voices remain scanty behind the camera. (尽管非洲是许多国际知名野生动物电影的主要取景地，但在镜头背后，非洲人的声音仍然scanty)”和“A 2022 report revealed that while 25% of film award submissions featured African wildlife, only 7% were actually made in Africa by Africans. (2022年的一份报告显示，虽然有25%的电影奖项参赛作品以非洲野生动物为特色，但只有7%实际上是由非洲人在非洲制作的)”可知，虽然很多电影在非洲拍摄，但非洲电影人参与制作的比例很低。所以划线词“scanty”意为稀少的、微弱的，与B项“Weak”意思相近。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our biggest goal is to have production companies coming to us asking, ‘Hey, who are your local filmmakers? We want to hire them,’” says Arthur. (Arthur说：“我们最大的目标是让制作公司来找我们问，‘嘿，你们当地的电影制作人是谁?我们想雇用他们。’”)”可知，Arthur对该计划的主要期望是建立一个持久的人才库，让当地电影制作人能获得行业认可和就业机会，从而促进本地人才在行业中的可持续发展。故选A项。 C Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?” To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another. What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us. 8. The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ________. A. determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity B. studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies C. comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques D. finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods 9. Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics? A. Controlled breeding of animals. B. Banning the operation of eco-tourism. C. Planned selection of favorable genes. D. Eliminating domestication. 10. Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with? A. Urbanization has made wild animals more alert. B. Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals. C. City living has led to animals’ genetic variations. D. City living has helped to preserve animal species. 11. The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ________. A. expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly B. train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators C. intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans D. purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述随着城市化进程的发展，人类和动物之间的关系更加紧密，但是动物的反捕食者特征在这一过程中却退化甚至失去了。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies”(一组研究人员想知道，与人们的亲密程度是否会影响这些生存策略。)以及最后一段“What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. (研究人员现在想知道的是，仅仅是游客在不太城市化的地区的出现，是否也会导致野生动物发生类似的变化。)”可推知，这组研究人员的目的是想弄清楚与人类一起生活如何影响动物的生存策略。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding.”(如果是有意为之，这种行为的改变也许并不奇怪，这是驯化或控制繁殖的结果。)可知，导致动物失去反捕食者特征的原因是驯化或控制繁殖。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes.”(不管怎样，这些结果意味着城市生活对野生动物有足够的影响，进化过程开始了。这些反捕食者特征的减少，被编码在它们的基因中。)可知，生活在城市里导致动物的基因发生了变化。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators.”(研究人员说，如果我们希望帮助动物，保持它们的反捕食者防御能力，我们可能必须故意让动物暴露在捕食者面前。)可知，如果我们要想让受伤的狐狸被人类照顾的恢复健康后回归野外，我们要有目的地使狐狸适应与捕食者相关的环境。故选D。 D Think back to when you were in a maths classroom, and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted? A: Oh no, this is too hard for me. I’m not even going to seriously try and work it out. B: Ah, this is quite tricky, but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the answer right, maybe I’ll learn something in the attempt. Early in her career, the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. One group reacted positively and loved the challenge. She says they had a ‘growth mindset’ and are focused on what they can achieve in the future. But another group of children felt that their intelligence was being judged and they had failed. They had a ‘fixed mindset’ and were unable to imagine improving. Some of them looked for someone who had done worse than them to boost their self-esteem. Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in education at the moment. For years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but this makes them vulnerable (脆弱的) to failure. They become performance-oriented, wanting to please by getting high grades, but they are not interested in learning for its own sake. The solution, according to Dweck, is to lead them to become mastery-oriented (i.e., interested in getting better at something). She claims that the ever-lasting effort over time is the key to outstanding achievement. Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning. 12. What can we learn about a person if his answer is closer to “B”? A. He is performance-oriented. B. He tends to set limits to his life. C. He enjoys the process and focuses on the future. D. He boosts his self-esteem by comparing with others. 13. Which of the following suggestions will Professor Dweck give to parents and teachers? A. To reward children for their high grades. B. To emphasize the importance of intelligence. C. To ignore the result brought by failure. D. To praise children for their engagement in the process. 14. What does “These children” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Children showing no interest in learning. B. Children who use fixed mindset techniques. C. Children from much more privileged backgrounds. D. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation. 15. Why does the author write the text? A. To distinguish growth mindset and fixed mindset. B. To inform readers of the importance of growth mindset. C. To show several psychological study results. D. To point out a problem in education at the moment. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过举例“对同一个问题的不同反应”来引出主题——成长心态和固定心态。引用了心理学家们的理论和实验结果来对成长心态和固定心态进行区别，并且侧重了成长心态的重要性。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“B: Ah, this is quite tricky, but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the answer right, maybe I’ll learn something in the attempt.(B:啊，这有点棘手，但是我喜欢逼一下自己。即使我没有得到正确的答案，也许我会在尝试中学到一些东西。)”可知，B答案的同学会积极地面对问题，并且尝试从中学习到一些东西，这是一种积极的反应；结合第四段“Early in her career, the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. One group reacted positively and loved the challenge. She says they had a ‘growth mindset’ and are focused on what they can achieve in the future. (斯坦福大学(Stanford University)的心理学家卡罗尔·德韦克(Carol Dweck)在她职业生涯的早期给一组10岁的孩子提出了一些对他们来说稍微太难的问题。其中一组反应积极，喜欢这项挑战。她说，他们有一种“成长心态”，专注于未来能取得的成就。)”可知，对于困难的问题能做出积极反应的孩子会享受这个过程，关注未来。所以一个人的答案接近B答案的话，那么他会享受这个过程，关注未来。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in education at the moment. For years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but this makes them vulnerable (脆弱的) to failure. The solution, according to Dweck, is to lead them to become mastery-oriented (i.e., interested in getting better at something). She claims that the ever-lasting effort over time is the key to outstanding achievement.(德韦克教授认为，目前的教育存在问题。多年来，孩子们一直因他们的智力或天赋而受到赞扬，但这使他们很容易失败。他们变得以表现为导向，想通过取得高分来取悦他人，但他们对学习本身不感兴趣。根据Dweck的说法，解决方法是引导他们成为以掌握为导向的人(也就是说，有兴趣在某件事上做得更好)。她认为，长期不懈的努力是取得卓越成就的关键。)”可知，Dweck教授认为掌握一件事是非常重要的，并且要长期坚持不懈地努力，由此可推知，她给到父母和老师的建议是表扬孩子们在这个过程中的参与。故选D。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning.(心理学家一直在测试这些理论。在美国印第安人保留地，表现不佳的学生接触了一年的成长心态技术。结果简直令人难以置信。他们在地区测试中名列前茅，击败了那些拥有更多特权背景的孩子。这些孩子以前觉得努力是愚蠢的标志，但他们逐渐把努力看成是学习的关键。)”可知，他们测试的对象是这些underperforming school children on a Native American reservation(美国印第安人保留地的表现不佳的学生)，由此可知此处的these children指的是“美国印第安人保留地的表现不佳的学生”。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Think back to when you were in a maths classroom, and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted?(回想一下你在数学课上，老师出了一道难题。下面两种反应哪一种更接近你的反应?)”可知作者以这个问题和两种回答引出本文的话题，而最后一段“Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning.(心理学家们一直在检验这些理论。在印第安人保留地，表现不佳的孩子接触了成长心态技术一年。结果简直令人难以置信。他们在地区考试中排名第一，击败了来自更多特权背景的孩子。这些孩子以前曾觉得努力是愚蠢的表现，但他们开始把努力看作是学习的关键。)”由此可知，作者写这篇文章是想要说明成长心态的重要性，让读者重视这一点。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A couple of years ago, my wife bought my four-year-old son a set of wooden ramps (坡道) that could be combined with furniture to create courses for little balls to run through. The first course was easy to build. ____16____ Could we make the balls turn corners or go uphill? Would the piano bench support a ramp? The possibilities seemed endless. Over the next two years, we kept adjusting and adding elements to our courses. By the time my son lost interest, we had become experts, seeing ramp potential in almost anything. I hadn’t expected to enjoy the ramps so much. ____17____ This is a form of effortful repetition. In many areas of life, we repeat tasks to perfect them. This is repetition in pursuit of an ideal. ____18____ It allows for exploration and discovery. For instance, when cooking, you can adjust ingredients over time, developing your cooking talent. In music, you can vary your performance, creating new compositions. Repainting a landscape can reveal new artistic opportunities. In these cases, repetition leads to an expanding set of possibilities, not a fixed endpoint We’re used to exploring things ourselves, but as artificial intelligence advances, it can relieve us of the burden of trying again. AI systems can generate new versions of existing things, such as custom recipes based on a photo or multiple versions of a song or image. This raises key questions: Can automated exploration replace human creativity? Is this variation the same as human creativity? ____19____ It feels strange to imagine that soon we may need to remind ourselves to think. AI thinks for us and promises to do the thinking in many contexts. In a world dominated by technology, we already have to remind ourselves to disconnect, go outside, and have non-technological experiences. If we’re not careful, our minds will do less as computers do more. ____20____ A. But as our ambitions grew, so did the challenges. B. And we may never be able to enjoy another ramp ever again. C. How come this man-made technology outperforms our brain? D. There’s also another kind of repetition that combines variation. E. It’s hard for us to decide whether to be the passengers or pilots of our lives. F. But they turned out to be a special experience of trying, failing and trying again. G. As AI improves, we may be tempted to let it take over the process of exploration. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者通过与儿子搭建坡道玩耍的经历，探讨了重复与探索的关系，并反思了在人工智能时代人类创造力的重要性。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The first course was easy to build. (第一个坡道很容易搭建。)”以及下文“Could we make the balls turn corners or go uphill? Would the piano bench support a ramp? The possibilities seemed endless. (我们能让球转弯或上坡吗？钢琴凳能承受坡道吗？可能性似乎是无穷无尽的。)”可知，本空应强调随着坡道搭建的深入，面临的挑战也越来越多。A选项“But as our ambitions grew, so did the challenges. (但随着我们的野心越来越大，挑战也越来越大。)”能承上启下，符合题意，故选A。 【17题详解】 根据上文“I hadn’t expected to enjoy the ramps so much. (我没想到会这么喜欢坡道。)”以及下文“This is a form of effortful repetition. (这是一种需要付出努力的重复。)”可知，此处应描述坡道搭建经历带来的特殊体验。F选项“But they turned out to be a special experience of trying, failing and trying again. (但事实证明，这是一次尝试、失败再尝试的特殊经历。)”能承上启下，符合题意，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据下文“It allows for exploration and discovery. For instance, when cooking, you can adjust ingredients over time, developing your cooking talent. In music, you can vary your performance, creating new compositions. Repainting a landscape can reveal new artistic opportunities. (它允许探索和发现。例如，在烹饪时，你可以随着时间的推移调整食材，培养你的烹饪才能。在音乐中，你可以改变你的表演，创作新的作品。重新绘制一幅风景画可以揭示新的艺术机会。)”可知，此处应描述另一种包含变化的形式。D选项“There’s also another kind of repetition that combines variation. (还有另一种包含变化的重复形式。)”能概括下文，符合题意，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“This raises key questions: Can automated exploration replace human creativity? Is this variation the same as human creativity? (这提出了关键问题：自动化探索能取代人类创造力吗？这种变化与人类创造力相同吗？)”可知，此处需延续对AI与人类创造力关系的思考。G选项“As AI improves, we may be tempted to let it take over the process of exploration. (随着人工智能的发展，我们可能会被诱惑让它接管探索的过程。)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“If we’re not careful, our minds will do less as computers do more. (如果我们不小心，我们的思想就会做得更少，而电脑会做得更多。)”可知，此处应描述人工智能可能带来的对人类创造力的影响。B选项“And we may never be able to enjoy another ramp ever again. (我们可能再也无法享受另一个斜坡了。)”能承接上文，符合题意，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I started my own technology writing business, it began well — I landed my first contract, though I wondered if it was too good to be true. Unfortunately, the third month’s check never arrived, and I never heard from the ____21____ again, despite multiple emails. With no ____22____ in sight, I hit rock bottom. Panic replaced ____23____ optimism. I stopped answering phones and ____24____ myself in my room. One night, a high school friend called. Though the ____25____ thing I wanted to do was admit my failure, I answered in the hope of a ____26____ voice. I listed my problems, but she quickly shut down my self-pity. I was too stunned to return her fire, so I just ____27____. “What is wrong with you? You are a writer, so start writing for magazines.” she shouted. When I mentioned I was ____28____ about what to write, or even where to submit, she snapped, “____29____ the problem! You always got us out of trouble back then-now do the same for yourself.” The memory had _____30_____ my mind, but she was right about it. Still, I was somewhat _____31_____ and thought for a minute about crossing her off my list. I thought, what is wrong with her? That’s the _____32_____ I get for all the support I’ve given her over the years? With nowhere else to turn, I searched online for magazines accepting _____33_____ by email. I found one, wrote an article and sent it off - mostly to prove my friend wrong. To my surprise, the editor accepted it-and it made the _____34_____! That small win changed something in me. If not for her _____35_____ love, I might not have learned life’s important lesson: What was wrong with me was me. 21. A. check B. partner C. project D. client 22. A. connections B. views C. prospects D. benefits 23. A. extreme B. cautious C. newfound D. quiet 24. A. locked B. invested C. cheered D. pushed 25. A. very B. only C. last D. first 26. A. judgmental B. sympathetic C. constructive D. distinctive 27. A. responded B. quit C. listened D. exploded 28. A. clueless B. fearless C. tireless D. worthless 29. A. Go through B. Bring out C. Figure out D. Make up 30. A. crossed B. clouded C. struck D. slipped 31. A. appreciative B. curious C. concerned D. angry 32. A. rewards B. complaints C. orders D. excuses 33. A. subscriptions B. submissions C. admissions D. applications 34. A. point B. cover C. connection D. difference 35. A. blind B. unconditional C. unfulfilled D. tough 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者失业后，在朋友的鼓励下，重新振作起来，最后取得成功的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，第三个月的支票始终未到，而且即便我发了多封邮件，也再没收到那位客户的音讯。A. check检查；B. partner搭档；C. project项目； D. client客户。根据前文“When I started my own technology writing business, it began well-I landed my first contract, though I wondered if it was too good to be true.”可知，签下合同后，作者未收到客户的支票。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看不到任何前景 ，我陷入了人生低谷。A. connections连接；B. views观点；C. prospects前景；D. benefits益处。根据前文“Unfortunately, the third month’s check never arrived, and I never heard from the ____1____ again, despite multiple emails. With no”和后文“in sight, I hit rock bottom”可知，作者看不到任何前景 ，陷入了人生低谷。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：恐慌取代了原本谨慎的乐观。A. extreme极其的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. newfound新发现的；D. quiet安静的。根据前文“though I wondered if it was too good to be true”可知，作者最初虽有期待但仍存疑虑的心态(谨慎的乐观)。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不再接电话，把自己锁在房间里。A. locked锁；B. invested投入；C. cheered欢呼；D. pushed推。根据前文“I stopped answering phones”和后文“myself in my room”可知，作者把自己锁在屋子。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我最不想做的事就是承认自己的失败，但我还是接了电话，希望能听到一个充满同情的声音。A. very非常；B. only唯一的；C. last最不可能的，最不适当的；D. first第一的。根据后文“thing I wanted to do was admit my failure”可知，作者最不想做的事就是承认失败。“the last thing I wanted to do”为习惯表达，意为“最不想做的事”。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. judgmental批判性的；B. sympathetic同情的；C. constructive建设性的；D. distinctive独特的。根据语境和前文“I answered in the hope of”可知，作者接了电话，希望能听到一个充满同情的声音。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我惊愕得无法回应她的激烈言辞，只能默默倾听。A. responded回答；B. quit放弃；C. listened听；D. exploded爆炸。根据前文“I listed my problems, but she quickly shut down my self-pity. I was too stunned to return her fire, so I just”可知，作者无法回应朋友的激烈言辞，只能默默倾听。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我提到自己对写什么内容、甚至该向哪里投稿都 一无所知时，她厉声说道：“ 弄清楚这个问题！以前你总能帮我们摆脱困境——现在就为自己做同样的事。” A. clueless一无所知的；B. fearless无谓的；C. tireless不知疲倦的；D. worthless无价值的。根据后文“about what to write, or even where to submit”可知，作者此时对自己写什么内容、甚至该向哪里投稿感到一无所知。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. Go through经历；B. Bring out展现；C. Figure out解决，弄清楚；D. Make up编造。根据后文“the problem! You always got us out of trouble back then-now do the same for yourself”可知，朋友让作者去解决问题。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段回忆原本已从我的脑海中溜走 ，但她说得没错。A. crossed闪过；B. clouded模糊；C. struck击中；D. slipped滑过，溜走。根据前文“The memory had”和后文“my mind, but she was right about it”可知，这段回忆原本已从作者的脑海中溜走，但朋友是对的。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，我还是有些生气 ，甚至一度想把她从我的联系人名单中删掉。A. appreciative感激的；B. curious好奇的；C. concerned担忧的；D. angry生气的。根据语境朋友对作者说的话和后文“thought for a minute about crossing her off my list”可知，作者有些生气。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我多年来对她所有支持所得到的回报吗？A. rewards回报；B. complaints抱怨；C. orders命令；D. excuses借口。根据后文“I get for all the support I’ve given her over the years”可知，作者觉得对朋友多年的支持换来了朋友的指责，所以质疑这就是回报吗？故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：走投无路之下，我在网上搜索接受通过电子邮件投稿的杂志。A. subscriptions订阅；B. submissions提交，呈递；C. admissions录取；D. applications申请。根据前文“I searched online for magazines accepting”和后文“I found one, wrote an article and sent it off - mostly to prove my friend wrong. ”可知，作者开始向杂志投稿。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，编辑接受了这篇文章，而且它还登上了封面 ！A. point要点；B. cover封面；C. connection联系；D. difference差异。根据前文“To my surprise, the editor accepted it-and it made the”和后文“That small win changed something in me.”可知，作者的文章登上了杂志的封面。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果不是因为她那严厉的爱，我可能就不会学到人生中重要的一课：我的问题出在自己身上。A. blind盲目的；B. unconditional无条件的；C. unfulfilled未实现的；D. tough严厉的。根据语境朋友对作者所说的严厉的话和作者之后的成功可知，是因为朋友那严厉的爱，作者学到人生中重要的一课：作者的问题出在自己身上。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent decades, Made in China has undergone a remarkable transformation. No longer ____36____ (associate) only with inexpensive goods, the phrase now symbolizes innovation, precision and global influence. ____37____ (shift) the focus from quantity to quality, China has massively developed and adopted high-speed railways, 5G networks, and AI-powered systems once seen as exclusive to developed nations. These technologies, once ____38____ (chief) developed for domestic use, are now being exported across the globe, boosting China’s image as a high-tech leader. Furthermore, an important milestone ____39____ (reach) when China’s space station, Tiangong, became fully operational, offering a vivid demonstration of ____40____ can be achieved through Chinese engineering excellence. Meanwhile, electric vehicle makers like BYD and NIO are entering markets ____41____ local brands once occupied through price competitiveness and technological breakthroughs. Behind these advances ____42____ (lie) a strategic national policy aimed at upgrading industrial capacity. The “Made in China 2025” initiative is a blueprint for turning China into a world manufacturing power, ____43____ emphasis on core technologies, sustainability and digital transformation. As Chinese manufacturing moves from imitation to innovation, its products are gaining ____44____ (recognize) for quality and reliability. Experts believe China could soon play a key role in shaping global industrial standards. ____45____, challenges such as trade tensions, supply chain issues, and environmental concerns still exist. But if the current pace continues, Made in China may soon stand for not just mass production, but world-class excellence and sustainable development. 【答案】36. associated 37. Shifting 38. chiefly 39. was reached 40. what 41. that##which 42. lies 43. with 44. recognition 45. However##Nevertheless##Nonetheless 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在“中国制造2025”政策的指导下中国制造经历的转变，这个词不再仅仅与廉价商品联系在一起，现在它象征着创新、精确和全球影响力。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词不再仅仅与廉价商品联系在一起，现在它象征着创新、精确和全球影响力。associate和逻辑主语phrase之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作状语，故填associated。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国将重点从数量转向质量，大规模开发和采用了高速铁路、5G网络和人工智能系统，这些系统曾被视为发达国家的专利。shift和逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，首字母应大写，故填Shifting。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些曾经主要为国内使用而开发的技术，现在正出口到全球各地，提升了中国作为高科技领导者的形象。空处修饰动词developed，应填副词chiefly“主要地”，作状语，故填chiefly。 【39题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：此外，中国空间站“天宫”全面投入运行是一个重要的里程碑，生动地展示了中国卓越的工程技术所能取得的成就。主语milestone和reach之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“when China’s space station, Tiangong, became fully operational”可知，此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词使用was，故填was reached。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：同上。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，比亚迪和蔚来等电动汽车制造商正通过价格竞争力和技术突破进入本土品牌曾经占据的市场。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是markets，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导，故填that或which。 【42题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些进步的背后是一项旨在提升工业能力的战略性国家政策。句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，本句是倒装句，主语a strategic national policy表示单数意义，谓语动词使用三单形式，故填lies。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：“中国制造2025”倡议是中国成为世界制造大国的蓝图，重点是核心技术，可持续性和数字化转型。此处是with的复合结构，在句中作状语，故填with。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着中国制造业从模仿转向创新，其产品的质量和可靠性正在获得认可。空处应填名词作宾语，recognition是不可数名词，故填recognition。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，贸易紧张、供应链问题和环境问题等挑战仍然存在。空处修饰整个句子，应填副词作状语，结合前后句可知，此处表示转折关系，故填However/Nevertheless/Nonetheless。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris最近在学习汉语，来信询问古诗“海内存知己，天涯若比邻”的含义。请你根据下面的汉语提示用英语给他写封回信，内容包括： 1. 你的解释； 2. 诗句背后的文化内涵。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m thrilled you’re exploring Chinese poetry! The line you mentioned literally means “Close friends within the world’s bounds feel like neighbors, even at the earth’s edge.” It highlights how true friendship exceeds physical distance through emotional connection. This philosophy stems from traditional Chinese values. Ancient scholars believed spiritual bonds outweighed geographical separation, reflecting Confucian ideals of harmony and collective unity. Such lines reveal our cultural emphasis on enduring relationships over physical closeness. Keep up your poetic journey — it’s a wonderful window into China’s soul! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你的英国朋友Chris最近在学习汉语，来信询问古诗“海内存知己，天涯若比邻”的含义这一情况，根据下面的汉语提示用英语给他写封回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled→ excited 强调：highlights→ emphasizes 美妙的：wonderful→ fantastic 源于：stems from→ derives from 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：The line you mentioned literally means “Close friends within the world’s bounds feel like neighbors, even at the earth’s edge.” It highlights how true friendship exceeds physical distance through emotional connection. 合并句：The line you mentioned literally means “Close friends within the world’s bounds feel like neighbors, even at the earth’s edge.”, which highlights how true friendship exceeds physical distance through emotional connection. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Ancient scholars believed spiritual bonds outweighed geographical separation, reflecting Confucian ideals of harmony and collective unity.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】The line you mentioned literally means “Close friends within the world’s bounds feel like neighbors, even at the earth’s edge.” （运用了省略关系代词的定语从句修饰先行词the line） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two days before New Year’s Eve, the world outside Kelly’s home was blanketed in a quiet frost. Twinkling lights hung from the roof, and the house smelled like cinnamon and pine. The day had unfolded like any other holiday afternoon-grocery delivery, a bit of tidying, and a spontaneous gesture of generosity. When she tipped her Uber delivery driver an extra $130 through the app, Kelly felt a quiet joy, imagining how it might brighten someone’s day. She gave it no further thought. Until the next evening. It was just after dusk when her doorbell rang. Startled (受惊的), Kelly glanced at her phone and tapped the Ring camera app. There, bundled in a thick jacket and shifting nervously on her feet, stood the same delivery woman from two days before. Her cheeks were tinged pink from the cold, and her eyes carried a restless intensity. She cleared her throat. “Hi,” the woman began, her voice tentative but urgent. “I am so sorry to bother you. I’m not a psycho, I swear. I’m with Uber.” Kelly blinked in confusion. The woman gave a tight smile and gestured toward the house with gloved hands, her breath misting in the air. “I delivered your groceries the other day. I... I think you were overcharged,” she said quickly. “I got a $130 tip and — I just — I didn’t sleep last night. I kept thinking maybe it was a mistake or your card got hacked (被侵入) or something.” Her voice trembled, part from the cold and part from the weight of anxiety she had clearly carried all night. She rocked on her heels, as though fighting the urge to flee. “I didn’t know how else to find you but to come back. I just — I didn’t want it to affect your account.” Kelly stepped outside, a mix of surprise and warmth sweeping over her. “You got the money?” she asked. The woman nodded. “Yeah. I received it. But I wasn’t sure if it was meant for me or not.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 “It was for you,” Kelly said with a smile, her voice softening. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Ring camera recording everything, Kelly decided to do one more thing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “It was for you,” Kelly said with a smile, her voice softening. The woman stared at her, lips parted slightly, unsure whether to believe her ears. Her eyes welled up. “Thank you... I’ve been delivering every day this month just to cover rent,” she whispered. “But I couldn’t sleep thinking it might not be rightfully mine.” Kelly’s gaze lingered on her, moved by her honesty. “You came all the way back just to make sure?” The woman gave a shy nod. Kelly felt a warmth swell in her chest. “I wish more people were like you,” she murmured. Under the porch light they hugged and said goodbye. (95 words) The Ring camera recording everything, Kelly decided to do one more thing. She uploaded the short video to a neighborhood group with the caption: “Some hearts shine even brighter than holiday lights.” The post quickly spread-likes, comments, then shares. Messages poured in praising the woman’s honesty and humility. A small community fund was soon set up in her name, and strangers offered donations and even job leads. That night, as Kelly watched snowflakes drift lazily past the window, she glanced at the glowing screen one last time. There, frozen in the video’s thumbnail, was the woman’s face lit softly by the porch light-nervous, brave, and unmistakably kind. (95 words) 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述凯利在Uber上给送货女司机多付了130美元小费，女司机因不确定是否该收下，夜里难眠，最终返回找凯利说明情况。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘这是给你的，’凯利微笑着说，声音柔和下来。”可知，第一段可描写女司机确认这是凯利有意给的小费后，讲述自己的困境，表达感激，两人温馨告别。 ②由第二段首句内容“监控摄像头记录下了这一切，凯利决定再做一件事。”可知，第二段可描写凯利将视频上传到社区群，引发关注，众人对女司机的诚实表示赞扬，还为她设立基金。 2. 续写线索：女司机确认小费——讲述困境表达感激——凯利受触动——凯利上传视频——引发关注设基金 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①注视：stare at → gaze at ②支付：cover → afford/pay for ③上传：upload → post 情绪类 ①感动：moved → touched ②拥抱：hug → embrace ③勇敢的：brave → courageous 【点睛】[高分句型1] Kelly’s gaze lingered on her, moved by her honesty.(运用了过去分词短语作状语) [高分句型2] That night, as Kelly watched snowflakes drift lazily past the window, she glanced at the glowing screen one last time. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $