Unit 6 Live green--Grammar 课件 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

该初中英语课件围绕构词法（合成法、派生法、转化法）展开，通过引导学生观察阅读材料中的句子总结规则，结合环保主题实例（如“takeout”“reuse”“water flowers”），构建从感知到理解再到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于将构词法与“绿色生活”主题深度融合，通过“即学即练”“小组讨论环保物品”等活动，培养学生语言能力（正确运用词形）、文化意识（环保责任）和思维品质（分析应用规则）。学生能在实际话题中巩固语法，教师可借助清晰结构和多样练习提升教学效率。

At the end of the class, you will be able to: use correct word forms when talking about environmental problems. understand and master the three major word formation rules. use the word formation rules correctly in sentences. takeout fingerprint builder water flowers What do the following words and phrase mean? changing the part of speech(词性) Word formation (构词法) combining(组合) two or more words take out adding a prefix(前缀) or suffix(后缀) finger print er是名词后缀,通常用来表示 “做某事的人” 。 water作动词,意为“给……浇水” 。 Compounding (合成法) Conversion (转化法) Derivation (派生法) 外卖 指纹 建筑者 浇花 (a) It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials. (b) Even humans are eating plastic waste! (c) Plastic makes life easier for many people, yet it brings long-lasting troubles to our planet. 5 Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. Derivation (派生法) Compounding (合成法) Conversion (转化法) P87 Observe and learn Compounding (合成法) Word formation 构词法 1. It was light, easy to shape, long‑lasting and cheap. 2. We can find it in bags, bottles, toothbrushes, gloves, mobile phones, cars, houses… Can you find more example(s) of the compound words in the reading passage? 合成词 (compound word):将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成具有新意义的词,又称复合词。 这种构词的方法称作合成法。 one new compound word one word one word + Try to list some examples. P135 Compounding (合成法) sunflower sun flower door bell doorbell gold fish goldfish cupcake cup cake rain bow rainbow 构成方式 原单词 合成新词 中文意思 名词 + 名词 class(班级)+ room(房间) classroom 教室 名词 + 名词 home(家)+ work(工作) homework 家庭作业 形容词 + 名词 black(黑色)+ board(木板) blackboard 黑板 动词 + 名词 play(玩)+ ground(场地) playground 操场 副词 + 动词 down(向下)+ load(装载) download 下载 名词 + 动词 sun(太阳)+ rise(升起) sunrise 日出 (1)合成词的构成方式: (2)合成词的分类: 合成法是一种比较灵活的构词方法,可以合成名词、形容词、副词、代词、动词等。掌握合成法有助于理解和记忆更多单词。 合成名词 合成形容词 合成副词 合成代词 合成动词 afternoon, sportsman, blackboard, sportsperson, newspaper, airplane, classmate, grandfather kind-hearted, middle-aged, hard-working however, maybe himself, everyone, nothing overlook P135 1.日常的 = every + day 2.垃圾桶 = waste + bin 3.环保的 = eco + friendly 4.过度使用 = over + use 5.太阳能 = sun + power everyday wastebin ecofriendly overuse sunpower (3)即学即练: Derivation (派生法) Compounding (合成法) Word formation 构词法 单词构成三元素:词根、前缀、后缀。 词性 后缀(suffix) 改变词的具体意义 前缀(prefix) 中心意义 词根(root) What are the basic elements of a word? v. 再使用 reuse use re- + v. 使用 prefix(前缀) n. 污染;污染物 pollution pollute -tion + v. 污染;弄脏 suffix(后缀) What are the meanings of the words? 通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法称作派生法。 Derivation (派生法) ① He is an dishonest boy. dis- + honest dishonest, 意为“不诚实的” ② Mary, could you please retell the story for us? re- + tell retell, 意为“复述,重新讲述” 前缀 (1)前缀+单词 一般不改变原词的词性,但会引起词义的变化,一部分可构成反义词。 前缀 含义 例词 disagree, dislike enable, enrich impossible, impatient, inexpensive international, interconnect mislead, misunderstand non-smoker, non-native rewrite, retell unable, unhappy, unpopular dis- 不 en- 使……处于某种状态 im-, in- 不 inter- 在……之间,相互 mis- 错误地 non- 不,非 re- 再,重复 un- 不 P135 Read and complete the table. ① “Be quiet.” said the teacher. teach + -er teacher, 表示人,意为“教师” ② It's a new washer. wash + -er washer, 表示物,意为“洗衣机” (2) 单词+后缀 ③ Not all people can make this achievement. achieve + -ment achievement, 抽象名词,意为“成就,成绩” 后缀 一般不改变原词的基本含义,只改变其词性。 后缀 功能 例词 teacher, worker, visitor musician building, painting, shopping, meaning artist, scientist agreement, government coldness, happiness, illness truth, warmth competition, education, information, invitation loyalty, safety -er, -or -ian -ing -ist -ment -ness -th -tion -ty 构成名词 Read and complete the table. P136 后缀 功能 例词 comfortable, eatable, enjoyable, possible environmental, international, national, traditional careful, helpful, useful active, expensive careless, helpless, homeless, useless friendly, lovely, monthly, weekly dangerous, famous fifteen, seventeen,eighteen fifth, seventh,fifteenth, fortieth, forty, sixty, twenty badly, carefully, carelessly, happily, quickly -able, -ible -al -ful -ive -less -ly -ous 构成 形容词 -teen -th -ty -ly 构成数词 构成副词 P136 interest uninterested interestingly uninteresting interested interesting help helpfully helplessly helpful helpless able ability unable disable enable 词根 + 词缀 名词 形容词 副词 动词 … P137 (3)派生规律 1. ...it was considered an amazing material. 2. It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials. 3. Back then, some people even saw plastic as an “environmental hero”! 4. Not surprisingly, plastic has now filled our lives. 5. It is certainly convenient and has thousands of uses. Despite all this, it has slowly and quietly shown its dark side. 6. Burning it also produces thick smoke that causes air pollution. 7. With no Planet B to turn to, we must think clearly and use plastic wisely. Can you find the words with prefixes or suffixes in the reading passage? Conversion (转化法) Derivation (派生法) Compounding (合成法) Word formation 构词法 Is it a noun? noun 废料;废弃物 Is it a verb? * Do not waste things. * We produce waste every day. verb 浪费;滥用 Try to list some examples. - The bus stopped. - Yes, that's the bus stop. - The nurse is coming. - She will nurse the patient. - Your room is clean. - My mother cleaned it. v. 停止 n. 车站 n. 护士 v. 护理 adj.干净的 v.做清洁 英语构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称为转化法。 Conversion (转化法) (1) 动词转换为名词 - Let's talk about it more. - I think we'd better finish the talk now. —咱们再谈谈这件事吧。 —我想我们最好现在结束谈话。 ① She gave me a cup of water. ② You should water the flowers twice a day. 她给了我一杯水。 你应该一天浇两次花。 (2) 名词转换为动词 动词 名词 名词 动词 ① She was wearing a black dress. ② The girl in black looks very beautiful. 她穿着一条黑色的裙子。 那个穿黑衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。 (3) 形容词转换为名词 名词 形容词 ① The museum is free to visit . ② The museum frees tickets on weekends. 这家博物馆免费参观。 这家博物馆周末免票。 (4) 形容词转换为动词 动词 形容词 1. It was light, easy to shape, long-lasting and cheap. 2. It is certainly convenient and has thousands of uses. 3. Plastic waste was first seen in the oceans in the 1960s. Can you find more example(s) of the conversion words in the reading passage? shape (名词 动词) use (动词 名词) waste (动词 名词) 6 Complete the sentences with the rules of word formation. 1 The factory’s _ (pollute) is causing harm to the environment. 2 The water is polluted. It is _ (safe) to drink. 3 Electronic _ (waste) is also _ (harm) to the environment. 4 The burning of oil for energy is one of the main causes of _ (green, house) gases. pollution unsafe waste harmful greenhouse P87 Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box. 7 pollute use day harm easy every invent You may need to join two words in the box together to form a new word. invention easily everyday harmful pollution use P87 Work in pairs. Discuss an everyday thing that is useful but causes environmental problems. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. 8 Useful expressions … was considered / called… Since…, … has become a danger to… Many people believed… … is causing problems. We can find… in… … doesn’t solve the problem. We can now see that… cause(s) problems. It produces… that cause(s)… P88 A: Which everyday thing do you think is useful but brings environmental problems? B: Let’s talk about plastic bottles. At first, plastic bottles were considered a great useful invention. Many people believed they were light and cheap for holding drinks. A: Right. We can find plastic bottles in supermarkets, streets and every family. But we can now see that plastic bottles cause serious environmental problems. B: Exactly. Since people widely use plastic bottles, plastic waste has become a danger to rivers, oceans and farmland. A: Plastic waste is causing problems for wildlife too. It produces lots of waste that pollutes soil and water. B: Just throwing bottles into bins doesn’t solve the problem completely. That’s why more people start using reusable cups instead. 构词法 定义 合成法 派生法 转换法 将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法称作合成法。 通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法称作派生法。 英语构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称为转化法。 Summary 1. Upcycling is a creative way of reusing old things. It allows people to change the environment. We can upcycle anything we still use. I. 分析下列标红的单词用到了哪种构词法。 派生法 派生法 2. The next day,the village became busy and noisy with activity.Reporters and scientists came from the city. 派生法 转化法 合成法 派生法 派生法 派生法 派生法 派生法 3. The businessman started a hole-filling company. Trucks full of industrial waste came from far and wide. At first, this worried the villagers,but the waste all disappeared down the hole. 转化法 派生法 合成法 合成法 派生法 派生法 II. 根据句意用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Plastic _(pollute) harms sea creatures. 2.Chemicals are _(harm) to rivers. 3.This old bag is _(use), throw it away. 4.We should _(use) shopping bags many times. 5.This new _(invent) cuts plastic waste. 6.We change our _(day) lifestyle. 7.Factories produce _(pollute) water. 8.The lake is about 600 meters _(depth) . 9.It is such an _ (imagine) idea . 10.This tool works _(easy) for recycling. pollution harmful useless reuse invention daily polluted imaginative easily deep Must do: Search for different types of word formation as many as possible. Choose to do: Make a report to talk about the green lifestyle with the words you’ve found. Thanks for your listening! null 36362.543 $