内容正文:
2026-2027学年高一年级上学期开学模拟卷(三)
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30 分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1.What does Jenny plan to do?
A.Stay in the summer school. B.Do some work. C.Travel with the man.
2.What’ s the woman’ s telephone number?
A.496543. B.459643. C.495643.
3.Where does the man intend to go this evening?
A.To a bar. B.To the woman’ s house. C.To a supermarket.
4.What are the speakers going to do this weekend?
A.Attend a birthday party.
B.Shop for Christmas presents.
C.Take part in a volunteer activity.
5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Colleagues. B.Classmates. C.Parent and teacher.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。
6.What was the man doing recently?
A.He was probably writing a report.
B.He was worried about the meeting.
C.He was probably waiting for the agenda.
7.What will the woman do next?
A.Present the report.
B.Meet Sven later.
C.Send an email to everyone.
听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。
8.What does Jenny offer to do?
A.Find a teacher for the man.
B.Teach the man to play golf.
C.Introduce the man to a camp.
9.Why does Jenny want to learn to swim?
A.For a new hobby.
B.For her summer work.
C.For some fun with kids.
10.How often will Jenny learn to swim?
A.Twice a week. B.Three times a week. C.Four times a week.
听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。
11.How long did Susan stay in China?
A.Two months. B.Four months. C.Six months.
12.What impressed Susan most about China?
A.Digital Payment. B.Family life. C.Language barrier.
13.What does the man talk about China in the end?
A.Its history. B.Its cuisine. C.Its lifestyle.
听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。
14.What is the man doing?
A.Hosting a program. B.Watching a match. C.Writing a report.
15.When did Cori Gauff start playing tennis?
A.In 2004. B.In 2007. C.In 2011.
16.Who is Cori Gauff’s coach?
A.Venus. B.Serena. C.Her father.
17.What does Cori Gauff talk about in the end?
A.Her family life. B.Her future plans. C.Her achievements.
听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。
18.What does the speaker really want to do?
A.She wants to give some advice to middle school students.
B.She is announcing an advertisement.
C.She wants to tell us how to choose a university.
19.What is the speaker’s suggestion?
A.To earn money after middle school.
B.To go on to study.
C.She doesn’t know what to do yet.
20.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.The more years of school you attend, the more money you are likely to make.
B.The more educated you are, the more choices you have.
C.You can only choose colleges to study further beyond middle school.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Snow and ice festivals are something to look forward to in winter. All around the world, people make the most of the cold weather to compete in winter sculpting competitions. The results are works of art that inspire awe and wonder. Thousands of visitors want to enjoy the festivities. Here are some amazing winter festivals.
Geilo Ice Music Festival-Geilo, Norway
This unique ice music festival that began 19 years ago is truly unique and brings ice sculpting to an all-new level. Artists gather in Geilo to create musical instruments from ice. The performance takes place in an igloo(圆顶小屋). This year's festival will take place from February 19 to February 24.
International Ice and Snow Festival-Harbin, China
The annual festival in Harbin, the largest in the world, restarted in 1985. Some people actually compare it to a frozen Disneyland because the festival's actions are learned by several theme parks and include, thrilling rides. There's also a fantastic evening display of ice sculptures. The festival is open on January 5 this year.
Ice Magic Festival-Banff, Canada
The festival has been taking place in Banff National Park for over 20 years. This year's competition will run from January 26 to January 28 and from February 2 to February 4. The final artworks are displayed for visitors who can participate in other activities including freestyle ice sculpting and ice games. You must have tickets to attend.
Kiruna Snow Festival-Kiruna, Sweden
This snow festival held in Kiruna, which is deep inside the Arctic Circle, began in 1986. The main part of the festival is a snow sculpting competition that includes artists from around the world. But there are plenty of activities to keep visitors busy during the competition, including sledding(滑雪橇), figure skating and a snowblower contest where participants work to see who can clear a path through a 40cm deep pile of snow, This year's festival takes place from January 24 to January 28.
21.Where should you go to attend a festival if you are available in early January?
A.Kiruna, Sweden. B.Harbin, China. C.Banff, Canada. D.Geilo, Norway.
22.What may visitors get at Ice Magic Festival?
A.Free tickets for the festival. B.Unique musical instruments.
C.The chance to admire final ice artworks. D.The permission to live in an igloo.
23.What can we know about Kiruna Snow Festival?
A.It has the longest history. B.It is aimed at removing snow.
C.It is funded by several theme parks. D.It features a snow sculpting competition.
B
The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.
Once I got to sixth grade and switched to private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, accelerating (加速) my competitive fever. However, in girls’ sports games at my school, I was no star. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. School sports did not bleed into the weekends, as they do today, but at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During break time, magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym.
So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved (演变) in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
24.What does the underlined word “humiliation” mean in Paragraph 1?
A.Responsibility B.Panic C.Shame D.Desire
25.What did the author owe her victory in the Softball Throw event to?
A.Her advanced sports outfits.
B.Her confidence in her sports ability.
C.The sports talent passed down from her father.
D.The example and training offered by her father.
26.What happened after the author stepped into adulthood?
A.She generally exercised on weekends. B.She joined Royal Canadian Air Force.
C.She preferred reading to exercising. D.She kept her love for sports.
27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the article?
A.To describe how her father built her interest in sports.
B.To recall her childhood memories about sports.
C.To express her passion for sports and fitness.
D.To stress the benefits of physical exercise.
C
You may not know a lot of people when you start senior high school. Maybe your friends from junior high school are going to a different senior high school. Even if you know other freshmen (一年级学生), you still feel anxious that you don’t know any upperclassmen. How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces?
Most senior high schools hold the freshman orientation (迎新会) before school actually starts. It is helpful because you not only learn your way around the building but also get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen. That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognize a few familiar faces.
When you talk to people at orientation, you’ll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are. They’re all new to the school and don’t know what to expect. Talking about a common concern with your classmates can help you develop friendships.
The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. It builds on what you learned in junior high school, giving you a more advanced (高深的) knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging. If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.
Senior high school also has more after-school activities than junior high school, such as clubs, music and theater groups and sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible.
28.How do the freshmen usually feel on their first day of senior high school?
A.Proud. B.Nervous C.Excited. D.Curious.
29.What are freshmen probably worried about?
A.The learning task. B.The ability to make friends.
C.The freshman orientation. D.The relationship with teachers.
30.What do after-school activities mainly help students to do?
A.Develop friendships. B.Develop their interests.
C.Build up their strength. D.Improve their learning ability.
31.What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.What you’ll learn in senior high school.
B.What you learned in junior high school.
C.The difference between junior high school and senior high school.
D.The importance of being more independent and responsible.
D
Research often points to exercise as a good way to improve mental health, but a recent study from the University of Georgia suggests that it’s not just physical movement that affects mental health. It’s how, where and why you exercise that makes the difference.
“In previous (以前的) research, physical-activity research has focused on how long someone exercises for or how many calories are burned,” said Patrick O’Connor, co-author of the study. “The amount of exercise has been the main way researchers have tried to understand how physical activity might influence mental health, while often ignoring whether those minutes were spent exercising with a friend or as part of a game.”
Many studies found that people who take part in regular leisure-time physical activity, like going for a run, taking a yoga class or biking for fun, tend to report lower levels of anxiety. But while leisure-time physical activity offers better mental health outcomes, these benefits may vary greatly depending on the environment of the activity, according to the researchers.
“For example, if a soccer player runs down the field and kicks the game-winning ball, their mental health is fantastic,” O’Connor said. “In contrast, if you do the exact same exercise but miss the goal and people are blaming (责备) you, you likely feel very differently.”
Many studies also showed that adopting regular exercise routines improved mental health, especially for individuals with existing mental health disorders. However, these studies were typically based on similar samples, so the results aren’t probably suitable for more diverse groups. “If we’re trying to help people’s mental health through exercise, then not only do we need to think about the amount and the mode, we also need to ask: What is the context (背景)?” O’Connor said.
For O’Connor, the key point is clear. It’s not just movement that matters. It’s the meaning, the context and the experience of the activity that determine the influence of exercise on mental health.
32.What did the past physical-activity research pay most attention to?
A.The exercise environment. B.The length and energy cost of exercise.
C.The experience of doing sports. D.The feeling of joining group games.
33.Why do two soccer players have different mental feelings with the same exercise?
A.They have different exercise habits. B.Their exercise environments and results are different.
C.Their health conditions are not the same. D.They spend different time on sports.
34.What can we infer from the passage?
A.Exercise amount is the only key to mental health.
B.Old study results can fit all kinds of people well.
C.The context of exercise plays a vital role in mental health.
D.Leisure-time exercise can stop anxiety completely.
35.What does the underlined word “diverse” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Various. B.Simple. C.Healthy. D.Serious.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Developing healthy study habits is key to academic success, especially in high school. With so many distractions and responsibilities, it’s easy to fall into unproductive routines. 36 These habits will not only boost your grades but also reduce stress and build confidence in your learning abilities.
Create a consistent study space.
37 It doesn’t have to be a fancy desk or a quiet library, but it should be a place where your brain associates with focus. Keep it organized, free from unnecessary distractions like phones or loud music, and use it only for studying. Over time, this space will signal to your brain that it’s time to work, making it easier to get into the zone.
Break tasks into small, manageable steps.
Large assignments or exam reviews can feel overwhelming at first. 38 Instead of thinking “I need to study for the math final,” break it down into smaller tasks: “Review Chapter 3 formulas” or “Solve 10 practice problems on quadratic equations.” Checking off these small wins will keep you motivated and prevent procrastination.
Use active learning techniques instead of passive reading.
Simply rereading notes or textbooks is often ineffective for long-term memory. 39 Try summarizing key ideas in your own words, teaching concepts to a friend (or even an imaginary audience), or creating flashcards for tricky terms. These methods force your brain to engage with the material, making it more likely to stick.
Take regular breaks and prioritize rest.
Many students believe that studying for hours without stopping is the best way to learn. However, our brains need time to rest and process information. 40 Short breaks — like walking around, drinking water, or stretching — can refresh your focus. Additionally, getting enough sleep each night is just as important as studying; a tired brain struggles to retain new information.
A.Instead of tackling everything at once, divide big goals into tiny, specific tasks.
B.The good news is that you can build these habits with a few simple, intentional changes.
C.A dedicated study space helps train your brain to switch into “learning mode” quickly.
D.To make studying more effective, swap passive habits for active ones.
E.You don’t need a perfect setup to start building a productive study routine.
F.Overworking yourself can lead to burnout, which harms both your grades and your health.
G.Active learning takes more effort at first, but it pays off in better understanding and recall.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was born and raised in a small village in the countryside. At the age of 16, I left my 41 surroundings for the busy city to achieve college education. This move was a significant 42 for me, as I had never experienced city life before.
Before going to college, I 43 to find a job to support myself financially (经济地). However, I 44 to get a position with my first employer, as the company required former experience which I lacked. So I 45 my skills by taking a course in computer programming.
The learning path was 46 , but my strong will and 47 carried me through. I worked hard to 48 myself to stay focused and motivated. I spent every free moment studying and 49 extra duties that can practice what I had learned. My only 50 was to do well in my studies and get a good job.
During the struggling process, I remained 51 to the external (外界的) world. For example, one day, a friend invited me to a 52 festival and I accepted his invitation. There were many interesting things there, including traditional dance performances from different countries, which 53 the richness and diversity (多样性) of the world’s cultures.
These experiences made me realize that I had only just begun to 54 the world. No longer was I merely a student from a small village; I had 55 into a global citizen, driven by a passion for learning and discovery.
41.A.lively B.poor C.familiar D.special
42.A.promise B.challenge C.relief D.fortune
43.A.happened B.pretended C.refused D.attempted
44.A.hesitated B.failed C.expected D.begged
45.A.improved B.applied C.admired D.measured
46.A.smooth B.long C.challenging D.clear
47.A.pressure B.determination C.luck D.identity
48.A.push B.warn C.teach D.order
49.A.put off B.set aside C.made up D.took on
50.A.desire B.success C.failure D.growth
51.A.unknown B.hidden C.open D.silent
52.A.cultural B.regular C.boring D.scientific
53.A.discovered B.criticized C.represented D.forgave
54.A.create B.forget C.understand D.change
55.A.grown B.burst C.fallen D.looked
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the past few years, Chinese high school students 56 (make) important choices in their studies and activities outside of school. These choices help them grow and also make society better.
First, in their studies, they are focusing 57 learning many different things. Besides 58 (subject) like Chinese, math, and English, they are also interested in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). Many students join competitions, like math contests, and coding competitions. By doing these activities, they learn more and also get better at 59 (solve) problems and working with others.
Second, many students understand 60 important it is to help others. They do volunteer work or join in community activities. By doing these things, they help communities and learn 61 (be) responsible. Also, with new technology, more students are interested in creating new things and starting 62 (they) own projects. Many schools have classes and clubs to support these interests. For example, some students create 63 (use) mobile apps, some design eco-friendly products, and others start small businesses with their schools’ help. These experiences help them think creatively and learn how to make their ideas come true. In conclusion, Chinese high school students 64 are talented and positive make good choices. They think 65 (positive) and work hard. These good choices and actions help them grow and bring new energy to society.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是学校太极社团的负责人李华,下周社团将举办一场太极主题日活动,请给外教Jack写邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:
1. 活动邀请;
2. 活动介绍。
注意:1.词数100左右; 2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
I’m Li Hua, the head of our school’s Tai Chi Club.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr. Smith was the math teacher and head teacher of Class 5, Senior One. It was his 24th year of teaching. With rich experience, he was respected by all his students and colleagues. He was strict with his students, but always treated them with kindness and patience.
Jack was a naughty boy in the class. He was much smarter than most of his classmates, which made him a little proud. He often skipped classes and paid little attention to his studies. Worse still, he stayed up late playing computer games almost every night. As a result, he was tired during the day and often fell asleep in class. This bad behavior made Mr. Smith very angry.
One day, Mr. Smith was giving an important math lesson. All the students listened carefully and took notes, except Jack. He was sound asleep with his head lying on the desk. Seeing this, Mr. Smith’s face turned red with anger. He walked quickly to Jack and shook him gently. The other students looked on nervously, wondering what would happen.
Later, Mr. Smith talked to Jack in his office. He scolded (训斥) Jack seriously for his bad habits, but his eyes were full of care. “You are a clever boy, but you must work hard,” Mr. Smith said gently. “Don’t waste your talent.” Jack was deeply moved by Mr. Smith’s words. He realized that the teacher truly cared about him. Feeling ashamed of his behavior, he made up his mind to change completely.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
From that day on, Jack made a complete change.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just as Jack was trying his best to catch up, Mr. Smith announced an important exam.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2
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《2026-2027学年高一年级上学期开学模拟卷(三)》参考答案
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
B
A
A
C
A
A
C
B
B
A
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
C
A
B
A
C
C
B
A
B
C
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
B
C
D
C
D
D
C
B
A
B
题号
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
答案
C
B
B
C
A
B
C
A
D
F
题号
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
答案
C
B
D
B
A
C
B
A
D
A
题号
51
52
53
54
55
答案
C
A
C
C
A
1.B
【原文】M: Does Jenny plan to go to summer school?
W: No, she wants to work and save some money during the summer holiday.
M: That’s good. Maybe she can help and pay some of her college tuition next time.
2.A
【原文】M: Hello. Is that Ms Black? I need to get two tins of green paint immediately.
W: I’m afraid you have the wrong number. This is Kowloon 496543.
M: Oh! Sorry. I want Kowloon 495643.
3.A
【原文】W: The project is finally over. Let’s grab a drink tonight.
M: OK. I know a good place for drinking cocktails near my house. And it offers big discounts on beer every Friday.
4.C
【原文】M: I always remember Erin’s birthday is the week before Christmas. Is she having a birthday party this weekend?
W: No, she wanted to do something more meaningful, so she’s planned to pick up litter in the park and invited all of us to help.
M: I’ll be there.
5.A
【原文】M: I got here early, but she was already waiting at the gate.
W: That doesn’t surprise me. She loves school and always arrives before everyone else.
M: True. I think we should ask her parents to wait with her until we arrive at work.
6.A 7.C
【原文】W: Do you need help with any preparation? Did you get the order of business I sent out?
M: Yes, I did. And no, that’s all fine, thanks. My report is ready and I’m looking forward to presenting it.
W: Great.
M: I can tell Sven about the time change. I’ll see him later.
W: Don’t worry about telling Sven. I’ll send an email to everyone to confirm the time has changed and with an updated meeting invitation.
M: Great. Thanks, Anna.
W: OK. I’m happy that works for you. We really need you there and it’s good we don’t have to cancel it.
8.B 9.B 10.A
【原文】M: I am determined to learn how to play golf.
W: Really? I have been playing golf for five years now. Do you want me to teach you?
M: Wow, Jenny! I didn’t know you played golf. It would be great if you could teach me. How about giving me some lessons over our vacation?
W: Sure. Actually, this is a little bit embarrassing, but I need your help too. Can you teach me how to swim? I need to learn because I’m supposed to work at camp next summer. I don’t want the kids at camp to know that I can’t swim.
M: That works out perfectly then. Let’s take advantage of the vacation. We can start tomorrow. You teach me how to play golf on Wednesdays and Fridays. I teach you how to swim on Thursdays and Saturdays.
W: OK. It’s a deal.
11.C 12.A 13.B
【原文】M: Hey! Susan, I heard you went to China last year. Did you stay there long?
W: Yes, I did. At first I just planned to stay there for two months, but then I extended it to double that. In the end I stayed another two months on top of that.
M: Wow, you must have greatly enjoyed your stay there. So, how was life there?
W: It was surprisingly convenient, even with the language barrier. People rarely carry cash. Instead, they pay with mobile apps like WeChat or Alipay. There are tons of apps for everything! I could order clothes, electronics, even groceries online and get them delivered within hours. It really spoiled me.
M: I heard with a history spanning thousands of years, Chinese cuisine is known for its rich flavors, diverse ingredients, and unique cooking techniques. You must have tasted so much of it during your trip!
W: Sure!
14.A 15.C 16.C 17.B
【原文】M: Hello everyone. Today we have Cori Gauff with us. Cori, welcome to our show.
W: Hello, it’s a pleasure to be here.
M: You gained widespread recognition in 2019 when you received a wild card entry to Wimbledon. You defeated Venus Williams in the first round of the competition. You became the youngest player to reach the fourth round of the grass court Slam since Jennifer Capriati in 1991. Could you please tell me more about yourself?
W: Sure. I was born in 2004 and I started playing tennis at age seven.
M: I see, who is your coach?
W: Following in many famous young athlete’s footsteps, My coach is none other than my father. He has always challenged me from the beginning, telling me that I’ll be able to change the world with my racket. I have to say that I wouldn’t have succeeded without him.
M: He is really great. I hear Venus and Serena Williams are your idols, right?
W: Yeah, both of them have been role models for young tennis players. But the famous sisters have also become my fans.
M: Sounds interesting. So what are you going to do next?
W: I will take the achievements as a starting point for further progress. I want to be a role model for as many young athletes as possible.
18.A 19.B 20.C
【原文】 It’s okay if you don’t know what you want to do yet, but plan ahead for college — it just makes sense. Why is college a good idea? Because education is the key to your future. It provides knowledge and skills that you can use for the rest of your life. Education can help you get and keep your dream job. Here are more reasons why education will be an important part of your future: The more you know, the better you understand the world around you. The more educated you are, the more choices you have about what to do with your life. The more years of school you attend, the more money you are likely to make. There are many opportunities for education beyond high school, including state and private colleges and universities, local community colleges, and technical schools. Think about what is available and what is right for you.
21.B 22.C 23.D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个不同地方的冰雪节。
21.细节理解题。根据International Ice and Snow Festival-Harbin, China中“The annual festival in Harbin, the largest in the world, restarted in 1985. Some people actually compare it to a frozen Disneyland because the festival's actions are learned by several theme parks and include, thrilling rides. There's also a fantastic evening display of ice sculptures. The festival is open on January 5 this year.”(哈尔滨一年一度的节日是世界上最大的节日,于1985年重新开始。有些人把它比作一个冰冻的迪斯尼乐园,因为节日的活动被几个主题公园模仿,包括惊险的游乐设施。晚上还有精彩的冰雕展览。这个节日今年于1月5日开放。)可知,哈尔滨冰雪节是一年一度的节,今年于1月5日开放。所以如果你在一月初有空,你应该去哈尔滨参加节日活动。故选B项。
22.细节理解题。根据Ice Magic Festival-Banff, Canada中“This year's competition will run from January 26 to January 28 and from February 2 to February 4. The final artworks are displayed for visitors who can participate in other activities including freestyle ice sculpting and ice games. You must have tickets to attend.”(今年的比赛将于1月26日至1月28日以及2月2日至2月4日举行。最后的作品展示给游客,他们可以参加其他活动,包括自由式冰雕和冰上游戏。你必须有票才能参加。)可知,游客在冰魔术节上可以获得欣赏最后的冰雕作品的机会。故选C项。
23.细节理解题。根据Kiruna Snow Festival-Kiruna, Sweden中“This snow festival held in Kiruna, which is deep inside the Arctic Circle, began in 1986. The main part of the festival is a snow sculpting competition that includes artists from around the world.”(这个在北极圈深处的基律纳举行的雪节始于1986年。节日的主要部分是雪雕比赛,包括来自世界各地的艺术家。)可知,基律纳冰雪节以雪雕比赛为特色。故选D项。
24.C 25.D 26.D 27.C
【导语】本文作者回忆自己从小接触体育运动的经历,讲述运动爱好的养成过程及成年后依旧坚持健身的生活态度。
【详解】24.词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams.(我在同龄人中个头偏小,比起运动爱好者,我更像个书呆子,我遭受过体育课各种队伍最后被选中的特殊humiliation)”可知,在体育课上最后被挑选是一件令人难堪、丢脸的事情。由此猜测humiliation意为“羞愧;耻辱”,与Shame同义。故选C。
25.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.(在垒球投掷项目中,我第一次体验到运动胜利的滋味。这归功于我的第一位教练,也就是我的父亲。他每天在家举重,给我们买棒球手套和帽子,温暖时节陪我们练接球,秋天陪我们在后院练习传球)”可知,作者将自己的胜利归功于父亲的榜样作用和日常训练。
26.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(所以,尽管让一些朋友感到惊讶,这份早年的运动基础在成年后演变成对运动和健身的专注,即便在假期也必不可少)”可知,作者成年后依然保持着对体育运动的热爱。
27.推理判断题。根据第一段中“The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school.(我第一次意识到我对体育比赛的热爱是在小学的Field Day期间)”和最后一段“So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.(因此,尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊,但早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式,即使在度假时也被认为是必不可少的)”以及文章内容可知,本文主要讲述了作者从小热爱体育,并且在父亲的指导和培训下第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。就此,作者开始参与各种体育运动,并把这种对体育的热爱持续到了成年,所以作者写这篇文章的目的是表达她对运动和健康的热情。
28.B 29.A 30.B 31.C
【导语】本文主要分析了高中新生面临的紧张、担心和解决办法。
【详解】28.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Even if you know other freshmen (一年级学生), you still feel anxious that you don’t know any upperclassmen.(即便你认识一些高一新生,你仍会因为不认识高年级的同学而感到焦虑。)”可知,新生来到学校第一天通常都会感到焦虑不安。
29.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. It builds on what you learned in junior high school, giving you a more advanced (高深的) knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging.(高中阶段的学习是新生们可能会感到担忧的事情。它是在初中所学知识的基础上进行的,能让你在更多学科方面获得更深入的了解。所以你可能会发现自己需要完成更多的作业,或者会觉得学习难度有所增加。)”可知,在高中学生将学习更高深的知识,学习也会更有挑战性,因此新生可能会担心学习。
30.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Senior high school also has more after-school activities than junior high school, such as clubs, music and theater groups and sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.(高中阶段的课外活动比初中阶段更多,比如社团活动、音乐和戏剧团体以及运动队等。这是一个探索个人兴趣和尝试新事物的好时机。)”可知,课外活动能发展学生的兴趣。
31.主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible.(初中时期,你学会了时间管理和社交方面的基本知识,并且还得到了一些额外的支持和指导。而高中阶段则为你提供了更多独立和负责任的培养机会。)”可知,最后一段主要讲的是初中教育和高中教育的不同。
32.B 33.B 34.C 35.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了佐治亚大学的一项最新研究,该研究表明影响心理健康的不仅是运动量,更重要的是锻炼的方式、地点和原因,即锻炼的背景、情境和体验对心理健康起着关键作用。
【详解】32.细节理解题。根据第二段中“In previous research, physical-activity research has focused on how long someone exercises for or how many calories are burned. The amount of exercise has been the main way researchers have tried to understand how physical activity might influence mental health. (在以前的研究中,体育活动研究主要关注某人锻炼了多长时间或燃烧了多少卡路里。运动量一直是研究人员试图理解体育活动如何影响心理健康的主要方式。) ”可知,过去的体育活动研究最关注的是锻炼的时长和能量消耗。
33.细节理解题。根据第三段中“But while leisure-time physical activity offers better mental heath outcomes, these benefits may vary greatly depending on the environment of the activity, according to the researchers. (但研究人员指出,尽管休闲时的体育活动能带来更好的心理健康效果,但这些益处会因活动所处的环境而有很大差异。)”和第四段中“For example, if a soccer player runs down the field and kicks the game-winning ball, their mental health is fantastic. In contrast, if you do the exact same exercise but miss the goal and people are blaming you, you likely feel very differently. (例如,如果一名足球运动员冲下球场踢进了制胜球,他们的心理状态非常好。相反,如果你做了完全相同的运动但没进球,而且人们都在责怪你,你可能会感觉非常不同。)”可知,两名足球运动员做相同的运动却有不同的心理感受,是因为他们的锻炼环境和结果不同。
34.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s not just movement that matters. It’s the meaning, the context and the experience of the activity that determine the influence of exercise on mental health. (重要的不仅仅是运动,而是活动的意义、背景和体验决定了锻炼对心理健康的影响。)”以及第五段中“If we’re trying to help people’s mental health through exercise, then not only do we need to think about the amount and the mode, we also need to ask: What is the context? (如果我们想通过锻炼来帮助人们的心理健康,那么我们不仅需要考虑运动量和方式,还需要问:背景是什么?)”可推知,锻炼的背景在心理健康中起着至关重要的作用。
35.词句猜测题。根据第五段中“However, these studies were typically based on similar samples, so the results aren’t probably suitable for more diverse groups. (然而,这些研究通常基于相似的样本,所以结果可能不适用于更diverse的群体。)”可知,由于研究基于相似样本,因此结果不适用于更加“多样化的”群体。diverse意为“各种各样的”,与various意思相近。
36.B 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.F
【导语】本文介绍了养成健康学习习惯对高中学业成功的重要性,针对分心、任务繁重等常见学习问题,介绍了具体可操作的健康学习方法。
【详解】36.上文提到“Developing healthy study habits is key to academic success, especially in high school. With so many distractions and responsibilities, it’s easy to fall into unproductive routines.(养成健康的学习习惯是学业成功的关键,在高中尤其如此。由于分心事和责任繁多,我们很容易陷入低效率的学习日常)”,下文提到“These habits will not only boost your grades but also reduce stress and build confidence in your learning abilities.(这些习惯不仅能帮你提高成绩,还能减轻压力,建立你对学习能力的信心)”,前文提出高中容易陷入低效学习的问题,后文引出具体的健康学习习惯,选项B“The good news is that you can build these habits with a few simple, intentional changes.(好消息是,你只需要做几个简单有意识的改变,就能养成这些健康习惯)”,完美承接上文提出的问题,引出下文对健康习惯作用的介绍。
37.本段的主旨句为“Create a consistent study space.(打造一个固定的学习空间)”,下文“It doesn’t have to be a fancy desk or a quiet library, but it should be a place where your brain associates with focus.(它不一定是精致的书桌或是安静的图书馆,但它得是一个能让你的大脑与专注连接的地方)”围绕学习空间的要求展开。选项C“A dedicated study space helps train your brain to switch into “learning mode” quickly.(一个专门的学习空间能帮你训练大脑,让它快速切换到“学习模式”)”符合本段“打造固定学习空间”的主题,也对应后文对学习空间的具体介绍。
38.本段的主旨句为“Break tasks into small, manageable steps.(把任务拆分成小的、易完成的步骤)”,上文提到“Large assignments or exam reviews can feel overwhelming at first.(大型作业或是考试复习一开始总会让人觉得难以应对)”,下文举例“Instead of thinking “I need to study for the math final,” break it down into smaller tasks: “Review Chapter 3 formulas” or “Solve 10 practice problems on quadratic equations.”(不要想着“我要复习数学期末考试”,而是把它拆分成小任务:“复习第三章公式”或是“做10道二次方程练习题”)”围绕拆分大任务展开。选项A“Instead of tackling everything at once, divide big goals into tiny, specific tasks.(不要一次性处理所有事,把大目标拆分成细小具体的任务)”贴合本段拆分任务的主题,承接上文大任务带来压力的内容,引出下文的举例。
39.本段的主旨句为“Use active learning techniques instead of passive reading.(用主动学习技巧代替被动阅读)”,上文“Simply rereading notes or textbooks is often ineffective for long-term memory.(只是重读笔记或课本对长期记忆来说通常没什么效果)”指出了被动学习的弊端,下文“Try summarizing key ideas in your own words, teaching concepts to a friend (or even an imaginary audience), or creating flashcards for tricky terms.(试着用自己的话总结关键思想,向朋友(甚至是想象中的观众)传授概念,或者为棘手的术语制作抽认卡。)”介绍了总结内容、讲给别人听、制作抽认卡等主动学习方法。选项D“To make studying more effective, swap passive habits for active ones.(为了让学习更高效,把被动习惯换成主动习惯)”,承接上文对被动学习的否定,引出下文对主动学习方法的介绍,符合本段主题。
40.本段的主旨句为“Take regular breaks and prioritize rest.(定期休息,把休息放在优先位置)”,上文“Many students believe that studying for hours without stopping is the best way to learn. However, our brains need time to rest and process information.(很多学生认为连续学几个小时不停止是最好的学习方法。但我们的大脑需要时间休息、处理信息)”指出了持续学习不休息的错误认知,强调了休息的必要性,下文“Short breaks — like walking around, drinking water, or stretching — can refresh your focus.(短休息,比如四处散步、喝水、拉伸一下,可以重新唤醒你的专注力)”举例说明休息的好处。选项F“Overworking yourself can lead to burnout, which harms both your grades and your health.(让自己过度劳累会导致倦怠,对你的成绩和健康都有害)”承接上文持续学习的危害,引出下文休息的好处,符合本段“休息”的主题。
41.C 42.B 43.D 44.B 45.A 46.C 47.B 48.A 49.D 50.A 51.C 52.A 53.C 54.C 55.A
【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从乡村初入城市求学,克服求职挫折、苦练编程技能,并通过文化体验开阔视野,最终成长为一名胸怀世界的青年。
【详解】41.考查形容词。句意:十六岁时,我离开了熟悉的乡村环境,前往繁华的城市接受大学教育。A. lively活泼的;B. poor贫穷的;C. familiar熟悉的;D. special特别的。根据上文“I was born and raised in a small village”可知,乡村环境是作者从小生活的,因此是熟悉的。
42.考查名词。句意:这次搬迁对我来说是一次重大的挑战,因为我此前从未体验过城市生活。A. promise承诺;B. challenge挑战;C. relief宽慰;D. fortune运气。根据下文“as I had never experienced city life before”可知,这种转变对作者而言是困难的、有难度的。
43.考查动词。句意:上大学前,我试图找份工作以实现经济自立。A. happened发生;B. pretended假装;C. refused拒绝;D. attempted尝试,试图。根据下文“to find a job to support myself financially”可知,这是作者为自己设定的目标,attempt to do sth.意为“试图做某事”,符合语境。
44.考查动词。句意:然而,我未能获得第一份雇主提供的职位,因为公司要求具备我所缺乏的相关经验。A. hesitated犹豫;B. failed失败;C. expected期待;D. begged乞求。根据下文“as the company required former experience which I lacked”可知,作者因为没有经验而被拒,fail to do sth.意为“未能做某事”,符合语境。
45.考查动词。句意:因此,我通过修读一门计算机编程课程来提升我的技能。A. improved提高,改善;B. applied申请;C. admired钦佩;D. measured测量。根据上文求职失败和下文“by taking a course in computer programming”可知,作者是为了提高自己的技能。
46.考查形容词。句意:学习之路是充满挑战的,但我坚强的意志和决心支撑我走了过来。A. smooth顺利的;B. long漫长的;C. challenging有挑战性的;D. clear清晰的。根据下文“but my strong will”中的转折词but可知,学习过程并不轻松,是艰难的。
47.考查名词。句意:学习之路是充满挑战的,但我坚强的意志和决心支撑我走了过来。A. pressure压力;B. determination决心;C. luck运气;D. identity身份。根据上文“my strong will”可知,此处需填一个与之并列的积极词汇,determination符合语境,且will and determination是常见的搭配“意志力和决心”。
48.考查动词。句意:我努力鞭策自己保持专注和积极性。A. push推动,鞭策;B. warn警告;C. teach教导;D. order命令。根据下文“myself to stay focused and motivated”可知,这是作者对自己的一种激励,push oneself意为“鞭策自己”,符合语境。
49.考查动词短语。句意:我把每一刻空闲时间都用在学习上,并承担额外的职责以练习所学内容。A. put off推迟;B. set aside留出;C. made up编造;D. took on承担,从事。根据下文“extra duties that can practice what I had learned”可知,作者是主动去接手这些任务,take on duties意为“承担责任/任务”,符合语境。
50.考查名词。句意:我唯一的愿望就是在学业上表现出色并找到一份好工作。A. desire渴望,愿望;B. success成功;C. failure失败;D. growth成长。根据下文“to do well in my studies and get a good job”可知,在学业上表现出色并找到好工作是作者的心愿。
51.考查形容词。句意:在这个奋斗的过程中,我始终保持着对外界世界的开放心态。A. unknown未知的;B. hidden隐藏的;C. open开放的;D. silent沉默的。根据下文“For example, one day, a friend invited me to a ____ festival and I accepted his invitation.”可知,作者接受朋友邀请去参加节日活动,并没有封闭自己,而是愿意接触外界,remain open to意为“对……保持开放心态”,符合语境。
52.考查形容词。句意:例如,有一天,一位朋友邀请我去参加一个文化节,我接受了他的邀请。A. cultural文化的;B. regular定期的;C. boring无聊的;D. scientific科学的。根据下文“traditional dance performances from different countries”可知,后文提到活动里有不同国家的传统舞蹈表演,这类活动属于文化节。
53.考查动词。句意:那里有许多有趣的事物,包括来自不同国家的传统舞蹈表演,这些表演代表了世界文化的丰富性与多样性。A. discovered发现;B. criticized批评;C. represented代表,描绘;D. forgave原谅。根据上文“traditional dance performances”和下文“the richness and diversity of the world’s cultures”可知,这些表演是文化的载体,代表了文化。
54.考查动词。句意:这些经历让我意识到,我才刚刚开始了解这个世界。A. create创造;B. forget忘记;C. understand理解,了解;D. change改变。根据上文“There were many interesting things there, including traditional dance performances from different countries, which ____ the richness and diversity (多样性) of the world’s cultures.”可知,作者接触了不同的文化表演,这是对世界认知的加深。
55.考查动词。句意:我不再仅仅是一个来自小村庄的学生;我已经成长为一名心怀全球的世界公民,由对学习的热情和对发现的渴望所驱动。A. grown成长;B. burst爆发;C. fallen落下;D. looked看。根据上文“No longer was I merely a student from a small village ”以及全文描述作者心智成熟的过程可知,这是作者身份和认知的转变与成长,grow into意为“成长为”,符合语境。
56.have made 57.on 58.subjects 59.solving 60.how 61.to be 62.their 63.useful 64.who/that 65.positively
【导语】文章主要讲述了中国高中生在学习、志愿服务和创新实践中的积极选择及其对个人成长和社会发展的贡献。
【详解】56.考查动词时态。句意:在过去几年里,中国高中生在学习和课外活动中做出了重要的选择。空处为句子的谓语动词,根据时间状语“During the past few years”可知,动作从过去持续到现在并对现在产生影响,应用现在完成时;主语students为复数,助动词用have。
57.考查介词。句意:首先,在学习方面,他们专注于学习很多不同的东西。focus on为固定搭配,意为“专注于、集中于”。
58.考查名词复数。句意:除了语文、数学、英语等科目外,他们还对科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)感兴趣。subject为可数名词,根据后面列举的“Chinese, math, and English”可知,科目不止一门,应用复数形式subjects。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意:通过这些活动,他们学到了更多,也更擅长解决问题和与他人合作。get better at意为“更擅长……”,at为介词,后接动名词solving作宾语。
60.考查宾语从句。句意:其次,很多学生明白帮助他人是多么重要。空处引导宾语从句,修饰形容词important,表示“多么重要”,应用“how+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意:通过做这些事情,他们帮助社区,也学会了承担责任。learn to do sth.表示“学会做某事”,空处用不定式to be作宾语。
62.考查代词。句意:此外,随着新技术的发展,更多学生对创造新事物和开展自己的项目感兴趣。空处修饰名词projects,应用形容词性物主代词,they的形容词性物主代词为their。
63.考查形容词。句意:例如,一些学生创建有用的手机应用,一些设计环保产品,还有一些在学校的帮助下创办小企业。空处修饰名词短语mobile apps,应用use的形容词useful作定语,意为“有用的”。
64.考查定语从句。句意:总之,有才华且积极向上的中国高中生做出了好的选择。空处引导定语从句,先行词为Chinese high school students,指人,且关系代词在从句中作主语,用who或that引导定语从句。
65.考查副词。句意:他们积极思考,努力工作。空处修饰动词think,应用副词作状语,positive的副词形式为positively,意为“积极地”。
66.Dear Jack,
I’m Li Hua, the head of our school’s Tai Chi Club and I’m thrilled to extend an invitation to you for our upcoming Tai Chi Theme Day. I know you have a keen interest in exploring Chinese culture and Tai Chi is definitely a quintessential part of it.
The event will feature a mesmerizing Tai Chi performance, a hands-on workshop where you can learn the fundamental moves and an interactive Q&A session to delve deeper into the art. It’s a fantastic chance to immerse yourself in the tranquility and grace that Tai Chi embodies.
I’m confident you’ll find the experience both rewarding and inspiring. Please do join us, and I’m sure you’ll walk away with a newfound appreciation for this ancient martial art.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Jack写邮件邀请他参加下周社团将举办一场太极主题日活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
兴奋的:thrilled→excited
即将到来的:upcoming→forthcoming
机会:chance→opportunity
欣赏:appreciation→admiration
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句:I’m Li Hua, the head of our school’s Tai Chi Club and I’m thrilled to extend an invitation to you for our upcoming Tai Chi Theme Day.
拓展句:I’m Li Hua, who is the head of our school’s Tai Chi Club and I’m thrilled to extend an invitation to you for our upcoming Tai Chi Theme Day.
【点睛】[高分句型1]The event will feature a mesmerizing Tai Chi performance, a hands-on workshop where you can learn the fundamental moves and an interactive Q&A session to delve deeper into the art.(运用了where引导定语从句)
[高分句型2]I’m confident you’ll find the experience both rewarding and inspiring.(运用了省略了that的宾语从句)
67.范文
From that day on, Jack made a complete change. He got rid of the bad habit of staying up late playing computer games. Instead, he maintained a regular schedule, going to bed early and getting up early. In class, he listened attentively and took notes diligently. After class, not only did he finish his homework punctually but also reviewed his lessons in time. Whenever he came across difficult problems, he turned to his classmates or Mr. Smith for advice. He even participated actively in group discussions. Gradually, his classmates noticed that Jack had turned into a hard-working student.
Just as Jack was trying his best to catch up, Mr. Smith announced an important exam. Upon hearing the news, Jack felt a mix of nervousness and confidence. He made full use of his spare time to review key knowledge and sort out his typical wrong questions. During the exam, he kept calm and tackled each question with great care. Several days later, the results were released. Jack achieved a satisfying grade. Overjoyed, he expressed his sincere gratitude to Mr. Smith. From then on, Jack persisted in his hard work and never wasted his precious talent again.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了高一(5)班顽皮聪明的杰克因沉迷游戏上课睡觉,被数学老师兼班主任史密斯先生严厉又充满关爱的教导所触动,从此痛改前非、努力学习,最终在考试中取得佳绩,不负师长期望的成长故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容可知,第一段可描写杰克改掉熬夜玩游戏的习惯,开始规律作息,课上专心听讲、积极互动,课后按时完成作业并及时复习,遇到难题主动向老师和同学请教,逐渐蜕变为勤奋好学的学生。
②由第二段首句内容可知,第二段可描写杰克得知考试消息后既紧张又自信,利用课余时间认真复习,考试中沉着冷静答题,最终取得满意成绩,他欣喜地向史密斯先生表达感激之情,并决心持之以恒,不再浪费天赋。
2. 续写线索:告别恶习——规律作息——专注课堂——主动求教——迎接考试——沉着应战——喜获佳绩——感恩立志
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①戒除坏习惯:get rid of the bad habit of/ kick the bad habit of/ give up the bad habit of
②复习:review/go over/revise
情绪类
①紧张:nervousness/tension
②表达感激:express sincere gratitude / show genuine appreciation
【点睛】【高分句型1】After class, not only did he finish his homework punctually but also reviewed his lessons in time. (运用了not only置于句首引起部分倒装结构)
【高分句型2】Whenever he came across difficult problems, he turned to his classmates or Mr. Smith for advice. (运用了Whenever引导的时间状语从句 )
答案第1页,共2页
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$听力考试正式开始。Does Jenny plan to go to summer school? No, he wants to work and saves the money during the summer holiday. That's good. Maybe you can help and pay some of her college to vision next time. Does Jenny plan to go to summer school? No, he wants to work and save the money during the summer holiday. That's good. Maybe he can help and pay some of her college to vision next time. Listen to the next question. Hello, is that is black? I need to get two tens of Green paint immediately. I'm afraid you have the wrong number. This is the loon. Four, nine, six five. four three. Sorry, I want colum, four, nine, five, six, four, three. Hello, is that is black? I need to get two tens of Green paint immediately. I'm afraid you have the wrong number. This is balloon four, nine, six, five, four. three. Sorry, I want to loon. Four, nine, five, six, four, three. Listen to the next question. The project is finally over. Let's grab a drink tonight. okay? 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Wow, you must have greatly enjoyed your stay there. So how was life there? IT was surprisingly convenient. Even with the language barrier, people rarely Carry cash. Instead, they pay with mobile x like we chat or alipay. There are tons of apps for everything I could order, clothes, electronics, even groceries online and get them delivered within hours. IT really spoiled me. I heard with a history spending thousands of years. Chinese cuisine is known for its rich flavors, diverse ingredients and unique cooking techniques. You must have tasted so much . of IT during your trip. sure. Listen to the next question. Hello, everyone, today we have Carry golf with us. Cory, welcome to our show. Hello. it's a pleasure to be here. You gained the widespread recognition in twenty nineteen when you received a wild card entry to wimbleton. You defeated Venus Williams in the first round of the competition. 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