摘要:
本小学英语讲义围绕“家务劳动”核心主题,系统梳理家务词汇(如chore, helper)、时间短语(before/after school)、一般将来时(will表计划)及help的用法(help sb. with sth./do sth.),构建从基础词汇短语到对话应用再到综合练习的学习支架。
资料以生活情境为载体,通过词汇辨析(如make/cook)、时间对比(before/after)培养思维品质,多样练习(填空、选择、改写句子)提升学习能力,助力语言能力在真实语境中发展。课中辅助教师系统授课,课后通过练习及答案帮助学生查漏补缺,巩固知识。
内容正文:
Unit 3 I’m a good helper
Lesson 2: Chores at home
【课文要点】
第一部分:A chore list(家务清单)
1. There are many ______ at home.
家里有许多家务活。
- ______ n. 家务活(可数名词,复数:chores)。
2. ______ school, I make the bed. Mum makes breakfast.
上学前,我叠被子。妈妈做早餐。
- ______ school 意为“上学前”(before = 在……之前)。
- ______ the bed 意为“叠被子,整理床铺”。
- ______ breakfast 意为“做早餐”。
【辨析】make / cook
- make breakfast 做早餐(强调准备);
- cook dinner 做晚饭(强调烹饪过程)。
3. ______ school, I set the table. Mum and Dad cook dinner.
放学后,我摆餐具。爸爸妈妈做晚饭。
- ______ school 意为“放学后”(after = 在……之后)。
- ______ the table 意为“摆餐具,摆桌子”。
- cook dinner 做晚饭。
4. ______ dinner, Dad washes dishes. Mum does the washing.
晚饭后,爸爸洗餐具。妈妈洗衣服。
- ______ dinner 意为“晚饭后”。
- wash dishes = do the dishes 洗餐具(dish 可数名词,复数:dishes)。
- do the washing 洗衣服(washing 意为“洗涤”)。
第二部分:Helping at home(在家帮忙)
5. Taotao: What ______ you do after school, Jiale?
陶陶:家乐,放学后你打算做什么?
- will 表示“将要”(一般将来时,询问计划)。
6. Jiale: I will help Mum ______ dinner.
家乐:我将帮妈妈做晚饭。
- help sb. ______ sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”。
e.g. I help Mum ______ dinner. 我帮妈妈做晚饭。
(也可以用 help sb. do sth.:I help Mum cook dinner.)
7. Taotao: How ______ you help?
陶陶:你怎么帮忙?
- How will you help? 询问“以什么方式帮忙”。
8. Jiale: I will ______ the vegetables.
家乐:我将洗菜。
- wash the vegetables 洗菜。
9. Taotao: Do you ______ help at home?
陶陶:你经常在家帮忙吗?
- ______ adv. 经常(频度副词,放在实义动词前)。
10. Jiale: Yes. I often help my parents ______ chores after school.
家乐:是的。我放学后经常帮父母做家务。
- help sb. ______ chores 意为“帮某人做家务”。
11. Jiale: What ______ you do this evening?
家乐:今晚你打算做什么?
- this evening 今晚(表示将来的时间)。
12. Taotao: I will ______ the floor and ______ the rubbish out.
陶陶:我将扫地并倒垃圾。
- sweep the floor 扫地。
- take out the rubbish 倒垃圾。
13. Jiale: You're a good ______.
家乐:你是个好帮手。
- ______ n. 帮手(由 help + -er 构成)。
14. Taotao: We ______ like helping at home.
陶陶:我们都喜欢在家帮忙。
- ______ 意为“两者都”,放在实义动词 like 之前。
e.g. We ______ like reading. 我们都喜欢阅读。
【重点词汇与短语汇总】
重点词汇
chore n. 家务活
dish n. 碟,盘,餐具(常用复数 dishes)
helper n. 帮手
rest n. 休息
first adv. 首先
next adv. 随后
enjoy v. 享受……乐趣,喜爱
重点短语
make the bed 叠被子,整理床铺
make breakfast 做早餐
set the table 摆餐具
cook dinner 做晚饭
wash dishes / do the dishes 洗餐具
do the washing 洗衣服
before school 上学前
after school 放学后
after dinner 晚饭后
help with dinner 帮做晚饭
wash the vegetables 洗菜
help with chores 帮做家务
sweep the floor 扫地
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
help at home 在家帮忙
this evening 今晚
时间顺序词(复习)
before 在……之前
after 在……之后
first 首先
next 随后
at last 最后
【核心句型讲解】
1. 用 will 表达将来计划
- 结构:主语 + will + 动词原形
- 例句:I ______ help Mum with dinner. 我将帮妈妈做晚饭。
2. 询问对方会做什么
- 问:What ______ you do after school?(放学后你打算做什么?)
- 答:I ______ help Mum with dinner.(我将帮妈妈做晚饭。)
3. 询问对方会如何帮忙
- 问:How ______ you help?(你怎么帮忙?)
- 答:I ______ wash the vegetables.(我将洗菜。)
4. 询问频率
- 问:Do you ______ help at home?(你经常在家帮忙吗?)
- 答:Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
5. help 的用法
- help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事(后接名词/代词)
e.g. I help my parents ______ chores. 我帮父母做家务。
- help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事(后接动词原形)
e.g. I help Mum ______ dinner. 我帮妈妈做晚饭。
【综合练习】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空(注意一般现在时第三人称单数)
1. There are many ______ (chore) at home.
2. Before school, I ______ (make) the bed.
3. Mum ______ (make) breakfast every morning.
4. Dad ______ (wash) dishes after dinner.
5. Mum ______ (do) the washing on Sundays.
6. Jiale will help Mum with ______ (dinner).
7. I often help my parents with ______ (chore) after school.
8. You're a good ______ (help).
9. We both like ______ (help) at home.
10. I will ______ (sweep) the floor this evening.
二、根据汉语意思完成句子(每空一词)
1. 家里有许多家务活。
There are many ______ at home.
2. 上学前,我叠被子。
______ school, I ______ the bed.
3. 放学后,我摆餐具。
______ school, I ______ the table.
4. 晚饭后,爸爸洗餐具。
______ dinner, Dad ______ dishes.
5. 妈妈洗衣服。
Mum ______ the washing.
6. 我将帮妈妈做晚饭。
I will help Mum ______ dinner.
7. 你将怎么帮忙?
How ______ you help?
8. 我将洗菜。
I will ______ the vegetables.
9. 你经常在家帮忙吗?
Do you ______ help at home?
10. 我放学后经常帮父母做家务。
I often help my parents ______ chores after school.
11. 今晚你打算做什么?
What ______ you do this evening?
12. 我将扫地。
I will ______ the floor.
13. 我将倒垃圾。
I will ______ out the rubbish.
14. 你是个好帮手。
You're a good ______.
15. 我们都喜欢在家帮忙。
We ______ like helping at home.
三、单项选择
( ) 1. There are many _______ at home.
A. chore B. chores C. a chore D. the chore
( ) 2. Before school, I _______ the bed.
A. do B. make C. set D. wash
( ) 3. After school, I _______ the table.
A. make B. do C. set D. wash
( ) 4. After dinner, Dad _______ dishes.
A. make B. do C. set D. washes
( ) 5. Mum does the _______.
A. wash B. washes C. washing D. washed
( ) 6. I will help Mum _______ dinner.
A. at B. on C. with D. for
( ) 7. How _______ you help?
A. do B. will C. are D. is
( ) 8. I will wash the _______.
A. vegetables B. floor C. dishes D. table
( ) 9. Do you _______ help at home?
A. never B. always C. often D. sometimes
( ) 10. I often help my parents _______ chores.
A. at B. on C. with D. for
( ) 11. What will you do _______ evening?
A. this B. that C. these D. those
( ) 12. I will sweep the _______.
A. table B. floor C. dishes D. vegetables
( ) 13. You're a good _______.
A. help B. helps C. helpful D. helper
( ) 14. We _______ like helping at home.
A. both B. all C. every D. each
( ) 15. I will take _______ the rubbish.
A. up B. out C. in D. on
四、按要求改写句子
1. I make the bed before school.(改为否定句)
I ______ ______ the bed before school.
2. Jiale will help Mum with dinner.(改为一般疑问句)
______ Jiale ______ Mum with dinner?
3. I will wash the vegetables.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ you ______?
4. I often help my parents with chores.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ you often ______?
5. Tuesday is my duty day.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ is your duty day?
五、翻译下列句子(英译中)
1. Before school, I make the bed.
2. After school, I set the table.
3. After dinner, Dad washes dishes.
4. Mum does the washing.
5. I will help Mum with dinner.
6. I will wash the vegetables.
7. I often help my parents with chores after school.
8. I will sweep the floor and take out the rubbish.
9. You're a good helper.
10. We both like helping at home.
【参考答案】
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. chores
2. make
3. makes
4. washes
5. does
6. dinner
7. chores
8. helper
9. helping
10. sweep
二、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. chores
2. Before, make
3. After, set
4. After, washes
5. does
6. with
7. will
8. wash
9. often
10. with
11. will
12. sweep
13. take
14. helper
15. both
三、单项选择
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C
11. A 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B
四、按要求改写句子
1. do not
2. Will, help
3. What will, do
4. What do, do
5. What day
五、翻译句子
1. 上学前,我叠被子。
2. 放学后,我摆餐具。
3. 晚饭后,爸爸洗餐具。
4. 妈妈洗衣服。
5. 我将帮妈妈做晚饭。
6. 我将洗菜。
7. 我放学后经常帮父母做家务。
8. 我将扫地并倒垃圾。
9. 你是个好帮手。
10. 我们都喜欢在家帮忙。
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