高考英语动词专练（谓语非谓语综合）-巩固提升-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 以“做题万能三步法”为核心，系统整合谓语（时态/语态/主谓一致）与非谓语（to do/doing/done）知识，构建“考法-方法-知识”三维训练体系，提升语言运用精准性与思维逻辑性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考点讲解|2类考法+核心要点|语法填空“三步法”（判谓语→析时态语态/辨非谓语逻辑）；书面表达时态统一与非谓语高级句式策略|从高考考法切入，先讲谓语动词八大时态/语态规则/主谓一致，再讲非谓语功能差异，形成“判断-分析-应用”逻辑链| |专项训练|100题（含时态辨析/非谓语逻辑/特殊句式）|三步法在具体语境中的迁移应用，如时态标志词定位、非谓语逻辑主语判定|覆盖高频考点（现在完成时/过去完成时、独立主格、倒装句型），通过典型题例巩固“谓语-非谓语”辨析与转换能力，培养语言综合运用能力|

2027高考英语一轮复习-动词专练 动词专练（谓语和非谓语综合）-巩固提升 考点讲解 一、高考必考出题方式 考法1：语法填空：谓语 / 非谓语辨析+变形 做题万能三步法： 1. 判断句子谓语：找句中已有谓语动词，有无并列连词and/but/or；   ①无连词，已有谓语 → 括号动词判定非谓语；   ②无已有谓语 → 判定谓语动词，再走时态语态流程； 2. 谓语：锁定时间基调，找时间标志词，无标志看全文叙事时态；核对主被动、单复数； 3. 非谓语：找准逻辑主语，判断主动被动、动作先后，选定to do / doing / done及对应完成式。 考法2：书面表达（应用文+读后续写） 谓语：读后续写通篇一般过去基调，禁止时态混乱；应用文时态固定；客观真理时态不变；时态统一、语态得体是高分作文硬性标准。 非谓语：用作定语、状语、高级句式加分；避免一句多谓语无连词的语法错误。 二、核心必背要点 1. 谓语动词（时态+语态+主谓一致+特殊句式） 八大核心时态 · 一般现在时：表习惯、真理、时刻表、主将从现从句； · 一般过去时：表过去单次动作，与现在无关联； · 现在完成时：表过去动作影响现在，标志 since/so far/in recent years； · 过去完成时：表过去的过去，必须有过去参照点； · 过去进行时：表过去背景动作，适配 be doing…when…高考万能句型； · 现在进行时：表此刻动作或现阶段状态，可表近期将来； · 过去将来时：多用于宾语从句，站在过去看将来； · 现在完成进行时：强调动作持续未停、仍在进行。 语态核心规则 谓语动词必看主被动：人/主动动作→主动；物/承受动作→被动； 不及物动词无被动：happen、occur、take place、break out、belong to、appear； 特殊主动表被动：感官系动词、be worth doing、need/want/require doing结构。 主谓一致 就远原则：as well as、together with、except、besides，谓语和前面主语保持一致； large quantities of +名词，谓语永远复数；a large quantity of由后面名词决定； whoever、every+名词、each作主语，谓语动词用单数；the+形容词表一类人，谓语用复数。 时态特例 宾语主句过去，从句多用过去系列时态；从句客观真理用一般现在时； It is the first time that+现在完成；It was the first time that+过去完成； Hardly/Scarcely…when、No sooner…than倒装句型，前倒过完、后用一般过去； Not until置于句首，主句部分倒装。 2. 非谓语动词 to do / doing / done · to do不定式：目的、将来未发生；作定语；固定搭配；被动to be done；完成式to have done。 · doing现在分词：主动、进行；作伴随、结果状语；介词后面一律用doing；having done动作先于主句谓语；having been done先发生+被动。 · done过去分词：被动、完成；作定语、状语、宾补。 · 独立主格：非谓语自带逻辑主语，与主句主语不一致。 3. 动词词性转换 动词变动名词/名词；动词变‑ive/‑able形容词；名词/形容词通过‑en、‑ify、‑ise/‑ize变动词。 专项训练 1. When you ________ (leave) tomorrow, please remember to take along the signed document. 2. ________ (face) with fierce competition, many small firms are seeking new development paths. 3. The project which ________ (discuss) at the conference last week will be carried out next month. 4. He regretted ________ (not take) the expert’s advice when he started the business. 5. Over the past two decades, digital technology ________ (transform) people’s way of communication. 6. ________ (not master) basic skills, she found it tough to finish the challenging assignment. 7. It was at midnight that the rescue team ________ (arrive) at the flood‑stricken area. 8. The manager forbids staff ________ (use) personal mobile phones during working hours. 9. A series of cultural events ________ (hold) online since the outbreak of the disease. 10. The young explorer stood on the top of the mountain, ________ (gaze) at the endless ocean ahead. 11. By the time he graduates from university, he ________ (gain) rich practical work experience. 12. The evidence ________ (collect) so far fails to prove his innocence in the case. 13. Metal ________ (expand) when heated and contracts when cooled. 14. The complex problem is too difficult for the freshmen ________ (solve) independently. 15. Hardly ________ the performance ________ (start) when the power went out all of a sudden. 16. He devoted most of his spare time to ________ (study) ancient local folk customs. 17. I ________ (consider) changing my major, but I haven’t made my final decision yet. 18. ________ (admit) into the key university, she devoted almost all her energy to revision. 19. The local government usually ________ (encourage) citizens to take public transport on weekdays. 20. He is reported ________ (work) on a new novel these two years, though nothing has been published. 21. Large quantities of waste water ________ (pour) into the river before effective measures were taken. 22. ________ (lack) enough confidence, she dared not express her opinions in public debate. 23. While the professor ________ (deliver) his lecture, some listeners took detailed notes carefully. 24. The witness was made ________ (swear) that he would tell nothing but the truth in court. 25. So far as I know, more than half of the tasks ________ (accomplish) ahead of schedule. 26. ________ (offer) sufficient financial support, the research would have achieved greater success. 27. He ________ (serve) as chairman of the association for three years and now he works as a consultant. 28. You had better stop ________ (argue); further quarrelling will solve no practical problems. 29. Every year, millions of saplings ________ (plant) along the banks to prevent soil erosion. 30. ________ (see) from the window below, the skyscraper looks extraordinarily magnificent. 31. No sooner ________ he ________ (receive) the notice than he set off for the remote region. 32. It is no good ________ (pretend) to know what you actually know nothing about. 33. Listen! Someone ________ (whisper) secrets in the corner of the meeting hall. 34. ________ (gain) a deeper insight into traditional art, he visits local museums on weekends. 35. This type of material ________ (wash) easily and therefore enjoys great popularity among consumers. 36. I could feel my heart ________ (beat) wildly when I stood in front of the huge audience. 37. By the end of next semester, we ________ (complete) all the compulsory courses. 38. ________ (inspire) by those outstanding scientists, the teenagers are determined to pursue science. 39. The organisation ________ (launch) various charity programmes every two years to help poor families. 40. The project appears ________ (run) into unexpected trouble, according to the latest report. 41. Several old residential blocks ________ (pull) down to make room for the new urban park last year. 42. ________ (realise) the potential risk, the company took immediate steps to fix the loophole. 43. I ________ (read) academic papers the whole yesterday afternoon, preparing for my paper. 44. The documentary is well worth ________ (view) for its authentic description of rural life. 45. In the past few years, numerous young people ________ (volunteer) to work in remote mountain villages. 46. ________ (hear) the alarming signal, all the visitors evacuated the building in order. 47. When we rushed to the station, the express train ________ (already depart). 48. The director had his assistants ________ (gather) relevant materials for the upcoming interview. 49. The moon ________ (go) around the earth, which is a basic astronomical fact. 50. Many young people refuse ________ (follow) traditional values blindly in modern‑day society. 51. All the application forms ________ (not process) yet, so please wait patiently for further notice. 52. ________ (not gather) enough first‑hand data, the researcher cannot draw a reliable conclusion. 53. Just as she ________ (operate) the machine, an unexpected fault occurred without warning. 54. ________ (judge) by the survey results, most citizens are satisfied with community services. 55. Up till now, the famous author ________ (publish) five collections of short stories. 56. Strict rules don’t permit students ________ (carry) electronic devices into the examination room. 57. The international conference ________ (hold) in December will focus on global climate change. 58. He leaned against the wall, ________ (reflect) on the mistakes he had made previously. 59. Before she gained access to the archive, she ________ (hear) a great many stories about the ancient city. 60. Remember ________ (submit) your application before the deadline; late entries will not be accepted. 61. The company ________ (develop) new products continuously to keep its competitive edge these years. 62. ________ (shock) at the terrible scene, she could hardly bring herself to speak a single word. 63. The sports contest ________ (cancel) due to continuous heavy rainfall last month. 64. When watching the touching film, many viewers can’t help ________ (shed) tears. 65. Every spring, thousands of tourists ________ (flood) into this ancient town for sightseeing. 66. The experts ________ (discuss) the problem at present haven’t reached an agreement. 67. He told the journalist that he ________ (devote) nearly twenty years to environmental protection. 68. It took the whole team several months ________ (solve) the complicated technical barrier. 69. The injured survivor ________ (treat) by professional medical staff at this time last night. 70. ________ (maintain) mental health, you should learn to release pressure in proper ways. 71. Much attention ________ (attach) to youth mental health problems in current society. 72. ________ (live) in the ancient town for decades, he knows almost every local custom. 73. The skilled craftsman ________ (practise) hand‑making artwork for several hours every day. 74. I spotted him ________ (negotiate) with the businessman when I passed the coffee house. 75. By the end of last summer, we ________ (collect) more than three thousand questionnaires. 76. The proposal ________ (debate) in the committee now concerns public medical insurance reform. 77. He ________ (serve) in the army for six years, and now he engages in education work. 78. Would you mind ________ (reschedule) the appointment, for I have an urgent matter to deal with. 79. Fresh agricultural produce ________ (transport) to all corners of the country every day. 80. ________ (obtain) more reliable statistics, the research team designed a new set of questionnaires. 81. When the earthquake struck, most local residents ________ (sleep) soundly at midnight. 82. The teenager is mature enough ________ (assume) responsibility for his own behaviour. 83. Since 2022, dozens of community libraries ________ (open) across this province. 84. ________ (not grasp) the core theory, the participants failed to finish the experimental task. 85. The talented musician ________ (graduate) from the music college in 2021. 86. ________ (adopt) his practical suggestion, we avoided falling into a costly trap. 87. He mentioned that he ________ (return) from overseas within one month. 88. The biography ________ (write) by a young journalist records the hero’s lifelong experiences. 89. Look! Groups of wild geese ________ (fly) south in formation across the grey sky. 90. She tried ________ (persuade) her partners to change the plan, yet nobody listened to her appeal. 91. The whole mountain area ________ (cover) with thick snow after the severe snowstorm last winter. 92. ________ (accomplish) the tough mission ahead of schedule, the crew kept working day and night. 93. The senior professor ________ (teach) theoretical physics in this university since he finished his PHD. 94. I regret ________ (inform) you that your application for the scholarship has been turned down. 95. When we arrived at the concert hall, the performance ________ (already begin). 96. The speaker raised his voice in order to make himself ________ (understand) by audiences in the back rows. 97. Normally the downtown shopping mall ________ (close) at half past ten in the evening. 98. ________ (arrange) well in advance, the activity went on without any unexpected trouble. 99. Before setting off for overseas study, the girl ________ (book) her flight and accommodation already. 100. She enjoys ________ (immerse) herself in classical music during her leisure time. 参考答案+详细解析 1. leave 【考点】一般现在时表将来（谓语） 【解析】时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，tomorrow为将来时间，从句谓语用一般现在时。 2. Faced 【考点】过去分词作状语（非谓语） 【解析】固定搭配be faced with“面临”；去掉be，用Faced作状语，描述主语状态。 3. was discussed 【考点】一般过去时被动语态（谓语） 【解析】last week过去时间；which指代project，项目“被讨论”，定语从句谓语用一般过去时被动。 4. not taking 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】regret doing后悔做过某事；regret not doing后悔没做过某事。事情已经发生，用doing。 5. has transformed 【考点】现在完成时（谓语） 【解析】Over the past two decades过去二十年间，现在完成时标志；主语technology单数。 6. Not having mastered 【考点】非谓语否定完成式（非谓语） 【解析】she与master主动；“没有掌握基础技能”发生在主句found之前；否定not置于非谓语最前面。 7. arrived 【考点】一般过去时（谓语） 【解析】It was…that强调句型；at midnight为过去时间，谓语用一般过去式。 8. to use 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】固定搭配forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事。 9. have been held 【考点】现在完成时被动（谓语） 【解析】since引导时间标志；a series of修饰名词，谓语与series一致；events“被举办”，被动语态。 10. gazing 【考点】现在分词伴随状语（非谓语） 【解析】主句谓语stood；explorer和gaze主动；doing作伴随，站在山顶同时凝望大海。 11. will have gained 【考点】将来完成时（谓语） 【解析】By the time+一般现在时表将来；by+将来时间，主句用will have done，将来某时已经完成。 12. collected 【考点】过去分词后置定语（非谓语） 【解析】本句谓语fails；evidence证据“被收集”；done作后置定语表被动完成。 13. expands 【考点】一般现在时（谓语） 【解析】客观真理；and并列contracts；主语metal单数，谓语三单。 14. to solve 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】too…to do结构：太……而不能……。 15. had; started 【考点】过去完成时倒装（谓语） 【解析】Hardly had…when…固定倒装句型，“一……就……”；从句went out过去，主句动作发生在之前，用had done，部分倒装。 16. studying 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】devote…to doing sth，to是介词，后接动名词。 17. have been considering 【考点】现在完成进行时（谓语） 【解析】动作从过去持续到现在还在进行，后文haven’t decided提示还未结束，用have been considering。 18. Having been admitted / Admitted 【考点】过去分词 / 非谓语完成被动（非谓语） 【解析】she“被重点大学录取”；admit与主语被动；Having been admitted强调动作先于主句devoted，Admitted也可直接作状语。 19. encourages 【考点】一般现在时（谓语） 【解析】usually表经常性；主语the local government单数，谓语三单。 20. to have been working 【考点】不定式完成进行式（非谓语） 【解析】be reported to have been doing，据报道近两年来一直在做某事，强调动作持续。 21. had been poured 【考点】过去完成时被动（谓语） 【解析】before引导过去时间状语从句；污水倾倒发生在措施采取之前，过去的过去，被动。 22. Lacking 【考点】现在分词原因状语（非谓语） 【解析】lack是及物动词；she和lack主动；doing作原因状语，“因为缺乏自信”。 23. was delivering 【考点】过去进行时（谓语） 【解析】while引导过去延续长动作；教授正在做演讲，此时听众记笔记；主语professor单数。 24. to swear 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】be made to do sth被动语态，还原to。 25. have been accomplished 【考点】现在完成时被动（谓语） 【解析】So far as I know结合ahead of schedule；tasks任务“被完成”，现在完成时被动。 26. Offered 【考点】过去分词作条件状语（非谓语） 【解析】主语the research与offer为被动关系；Offered=If it had been offered，表条件。去掉原错误倒装答案Had been offered。 27. served 【考点】一般过去时（谓语） 【解析】and后now he works提示现在已经不再担任主席；过去经历，用一般过去时。 28. arguing 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】stop doing停止正在做的事；本句意为停止争吵。 29. are planted 【考点】一般现在时被动（谓语） 【解析】Every year经常性；saplings树苗“被栽种”。 30. Seen 【考点】过去分词作状语（非谓语） 【解析】主语the skyscraper与see被动，“被从楼下窗户看去”。 31. had; received 【考点】过去完成时倒装（谓语） 【解析】No sooner had…than…固定倒装，一……就……；set off为过去，收到通知发生在前。 32. pretending 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】It is no good doing sth做某事没有好处。 33. is whispering 【考点】现在进行时（谓语） 【解析】Listen!提示此刻正在发生。 34. To gain 【考点】不定式目的状语（非谓语） 【解析】句首不定式表目的“为获得对传统艺术更深理解”。 35. washes 【考点】一般现在时主动表被动（谓语） 【解析】wash easily描述材质属性，主动表被动，不用be washed。 36. beating 【考点】现在分词宾补（非谓语） 【解析】feel sb/sth doing，感觉到……正在进行；心跳正在剧烈跳动。 37. will have completed 【考点】将来完成时（谓语） 【解析】By the end of+将来时间，主句将来完成时will have done。 38. Inspired 【考点】过去分词状语（非谓语） 【解析】teenagers“被科学家激励”，被动。 39. launches 【考点】一般现在时（谓语） 【解析】every two years每两年；主语the organisation单数，三单。 40. to have run 【考点】不定式完成式（非谓语） 【解析】appear to have done似乎已经发生，“似乎已经遇上意外麻烦”。 41. were pulled 【考点】一般过去时被动（谓语） 【解析】last year过去；blocks建筑群“被拆除”。 42. Realising 【考点】现在分词原因状语（非谓语） 【解析】company与realise主动；意识到潜在风险之后采取措施。 43. was reading 【考点】过去进行时（谓语） 【解析】the whole yesterday afternoon过去一整个下午持续动作。 44. viewing 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】be worth doing主动表被动，值得……。 45. have volunteered 【考点】现在完成时（谓语） 【解析】In the past few years近些年，现在完成时标志。 46. Hearing 【考点】现在分词时间状语（非谓语） 【解析】visitors与hear主动；一听到警报信号就疏散。 47. had already departed 【考点】过去完成时（谓语） 【解析】rushed为过去动作；火车在赶到前已经开走，过去的过去。 48. gather 【考点】不带to不定式（非谓语） 【解析】have sb do sth让某人做某事，使役动词后用原形。 49. goes 【考点】一般现在时（谓语） 【解析】客观真理；主语moon单数。 50. to follow 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】refuse to do sth拒绝做某事。 51. have not been processed 【考点】现在完成时被动否定（谓语） 【解析】yet是现在完成时否定标志；forms表格“被处理”。 52. Not having gathered 【考点】非谓语否定完成式（非谓语） 【解析】researcher和gather主动；收集数据发生在cannot draw之前；not放非谓语前。 53. was operating 【考点】过去进行时（谓语） 【解析】just as正当……时；过去正在操作机器，故障突然发生。 54. Judging 【考点】固定悬垂分词（非谓语） 【解析】Judging by/from固定搭配，不随主语变化。 55. has published 【考点】现在完成时（谓语） 【解析】Up till now到目前为止；author单数。 56. to carry 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事，否定规则don’t permit sb to do。 57. to be held 【考点】不定式被动作后置定语（非谓语） 【解析】in December将来时间；conference“将要被举办”，to be done表将来被动。 58. reflecting 【考点】现在分词伴随状语（非谓语） 【解析】主句谓语leaned；he和reflect主动，倚墙同时反思过往错误。 59. had heard 【考点】过去完成时（谓语） 【解析】gained access过去；hear发生在获得权限之前，过去的过去。 60. to submit 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】remember to do记得要做（还未做），提醒截止前要提交。 61. has been developing / is developing 【考点】现在完成进行时 / 现在进行时（谓语） 【解析】these years这些年来，动作持续至今仍在进行，两者均可。 62. Shocked 【考点】过去分词作状语（非谓语） 【解析】be shocked at对……感到震惊；形容词化过去分词描述人的状态。 63. was cancelled 【考点】一般过去时被动（谓语） 【解析】last month过去；contest比赛“被取消”。 64. shedding 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】can’t help doing忍不住做某事。 65. flood 【考点】一般现在时（谓语） 【解析】Every spring每年；tourists复数，谓语原形。 66. discussing 【考点】现在分词后置定语（非谓语） 【解析】本句谓语haven’t reached；experts与discuss主动；现在分词doing表正在进行。⚠️易错警示：句中已有谓语，不可填写are discussing。 67. had devoted 【考点】过去完成时（谓语） 【解析】told过去；devote发生在told之前，宾语从句内“过去的过去”。 68. to solve 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】It takes sb some time to do sth，it形式主语。 69. was being treated 【考点】过去进行时被动（谓语） 【解析】at this time last night昨晚此时；survivor伤者“正在被救治”。 70. To maintain 【考点】不定式目的状语（非谓语） 【解析】句首不定式表目的：为维持心理健康。 71. is being attached 【考点】现在进行时被动（谓语） 【解析】at present当下；attach much attention to固定搭配“重视”；attention作主语用被动。 72. Having lived 【考点】非谓语完成式（非谓语） 【解析】he与live主动；居住几十年发生在knows之前，having done强调先后。 73. practises 【考点】一般现在时（谓语） 【解析】every day每天习惯性；craftsman单数。 74. negotiating 【考点】现在分词宾补（非谓语） 【解析】spot sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事。 75. had collected 【考点】过去完成时（谓语） 【解析】By the end of+过去时间，主句用had done。 76. being debated 【考点】现在分词被动后置定语（非谓语） 【解析】now提示正在进行；proposal提议“正在被辩论”；being done表进行+被动。 77. served 【考点】一般过去时（谓语） 【解析】now he engages提示现已不在军队服役，过去经历。 78. rescheduling 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】Would you mind doing sth，mind后接doing。 79. are transported 【考点】一般现在时被动（谓语） 【解析】every day；produce农产品“被运输”。 80. To obtain 【考点】不定式目的状语（非谓语） 【解析】句首不定式表目的：为获取更可靠的数据。 81. were sleeping 【考点】过去进行时（谓语） 【解析】struck地震发生的瞬间；当时居民正在熟睡。 82. to assume 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】adj.+enough to do足够……去做某事。 83. have been opened 【考点】现在完成时被动（谓语） 【解析】Since 2022现在完成时标志；libraries“被开放”。 84. Not grasping 【考点】现在分词否定（非谓语） 【解析】participants与grasp主动；因为没有掌握核心理论，实验失败。 85. graduated 【考点】一般过去时（谓语） 【解析】in 2021过去时间点。 86. Having adopted 【考点】非谓语完成式（非谓语） 【解析】we和adopt主动；采纳建议发生在avoided之前。 87. would return 【考点】过去将来时（谓语） 【解析】主句mentioned过去；within one month站在过去视角看将来，用would do。 88. written 【考点】过去分词后置定语（非谓语） 【解析】biography传记“被记者撰写”；done表被动完成。 89. are flying 【考点】现在进行时（谓语） 【解析】Look!提示此刻正在发生；geese复数。 90. to persuade 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】try to do尽力、试图做某事。 91. was covered 【考点】一般过去时被动（谓语） 【解析】last winter；be covered with被……覆盖。 92. To accomplish 【考点】不定式目的状语（非谓语） 【解析】句首不定式表目的：为提前完成艰巨任务。 93. has taught 【考点】现在完成时（谓语） 【解析】since+一般过去从句，主句现在完成时；professor单数。 94. to inform 【考点】不定式（非谓语） 【解析】regret to do遗憾地告知坏消息。 95. had already begun 【考点】过去完成时（谓语） 【解析】arrived过去；演出在到达前已经开始。 96. understood 【考点】过去分词宾补（非谓语） 【解析】make oneself done使自己被……；make himself understood使自己被听懂。 97. closes 【考点】一般现在时（谓语） 【解析】Normally描述常规营业时间；mall单数。 98. Arranged / Having been arranged 【考点】过去分词状语（非谓语） 【解析】activity与arrange被动；Arranged表状态；Having been arranged强调动作先后，两者均可。 99. had booked 【考点】过去完成时（谓语） 【解析】setting off过去动作；订票发生在出发之前。 100. immersing 【考点】动名词（非谓语） 【解析】enjoy doing sth，enjoy后接动名词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2027高考英语一轮复习-动词专练 动词专练（谓语和非谓语综合）-巩固提升 考点讲解 一、高考必考出题方式 考法1：语法填空：谓语 / 非谓语辨析+变形 做题万能三步法： 1. 判断句子谓语：找句中已有谓语动词，有无并列连词and/but/or；   ①无连词，已有谓语 → 括号动词判定非谓语；   ②无已有谓语 → 判定谓语动词，再走时态语态流程； 2. 谓语：锁定时间基调，找时间标志词，无标志看全文叙事时态；核对主被动、单复数； 3. 非谓语：找准逻辑主语，判断主动被动、动作先后，选定to do / doing / done及对应完成式。 考法2：书面表达（应用文+读后续写） 谓语：读后续写通篇一般过去基调，禁止时态混乱；应用文时态固定；客观真理时态不变；时态统一、语态得体是高分作文硬性标准。 非谓语：用作定语、状语、高级句式加分；避免一句多谓语无连词的语法错误。 二、核心必背要点 1. 谓语动词（时态+语态+主谓一致+特殊句式） 八大核心时态 · 一般现在时：表习惯、真理、时刻表、主将从现从句； · 一般过去时：表过去单次动作，与现在无关联； · 现在完成时：表过去动作影响现在，标志 since/so far/in recent years； · 过去完成时：表过去的过去，必须有过去参照点； · 过去进行时：表过去背景动作，适配 be doing…when…高考万能句型； · 现在进行时：表此刻动作或现阶段状态，可表近期将来； · 过去将来时：多用于宾语从句，站在过去看将来； · 现在完成进行时：强调动作持续未停、仍在进行。 语态核心规则 谓语动词必看主被动：人/主动动作→主动；物/承受动作→被动； 不及物动词无被动：happen、occur、take place、break out、belong to、appear； 特殊主动表被动：感官系动词、be worth doing、need/want/require doing结构。 主谓一致 就远原则：as well as、together with、except、besides，谓语和前面主语保持一致； large quantities of +名词，谓语永远复数；a large quantity of由后面名词决定； whoever、every+名词、each作主语，谓语动词用单数；the+形容词表一类人，谓语用复数。 时态特例 宾语主句过去，从句多用过去系列时态；从句客观真理用一般现在时； It is the first time that+现在完成；It was the first time that+过去完成； Hardly/Scarcely…when、No sooner…than倒装句型，前倒过完、后用一般过去； Not until置于句首，主句部分倒装。 2. 非谓语动词 to do / doing / done · to do不定式：目的、将来未发生；作定语；固定搭配；被动to be done；完成式to have done。 · doing现在分词：主动、进行；作伴随、结果状语；介词后面一律用doing；having done动作先于主句谓语；having been done先发生+被动。 · done过去分词：被动、完成；作定语、状语、宾补。 · 独立主格：非谓语自带逻辑主语，与主句主语不一致。 3. 动词词性转换 动词变动名词/名词；动词变‑ive/‑able形容词；名词/形容词通过‑en、‑ify、‑ise/‑ize变动词。 专项训练 1. When you ________ (leave) tomorrow, please remember to take along the signed document. 2. ________ (face) with fierce competition, many small firms are seeking new development paths. 3. The project which ________ (discuss) at the conference last week will be carried out next month. 4. He regretted ________ (not take) the expert’s advice when he started the business. 5. Over the past two decades, digital technology ________ (transform) people’s way of communication. 6. ________ (not master) basic skills, she found it tough to finish the challenging assignment. 7. It was at midnight that the rescue team ________ (arrive) at the flood‑stricken area. 8. The manager forbids staff ________ (use) personal mobile phones during working hours. 9. A series of cultural events ________ (hold) online since the outbreak of the disease. 10. The young explorer stood on the top of the mountain, ________ (gaze) at the endless ocean ahead. 11. By the time he graduates from university, he ________ (gain) rich practical work experience. 12. The evidence ________ (collect) so far fails to prove his innocence in the case. 13. Metal ________ (expand) when heated and contracts when cooled. 14. The complex problem is too difficult for the freshmen ________ (solve) independently. 15. Hardly ________ the performance ________ (start) when the power went out all of a sudden. 16. He devoted most of his spare time to ________ (study) ancient local folk customs. 17. I ________ (consider) changing my major, but I haven’t made my final decision yet. 18. ________ (admit) into the key university, she devoted almost all her energy to revision. 19. The local government usually ________ (encourage) citizens to take public transport on weekdays. 20. He is reported ________ (work) on a new novel these two years, though nothing has been published. 21. Large quantities of waste water ________ (pour) into the river before effective measures were taken. 22. ________ (lack) enough confidence, she dared not express her opinions in public debate. 23. While the professor ________ (deliver) his lecture, some listeners took detailed notes carefully. 24. The witness was made ________ (swear) that he would tell nothing but the truth in court. 25. So far as I know, more than half of the tasks ________ (accomplish) ahead of schedule. 26. ________ (offer) sufficient financial support, the research would have achieved greater success. 27. He ________ (serve) as chairman of the association for three years and now he works as a consultant. 28. You had better stop ________ (argue); further quarrelling will solve no practical problems. 29. Every year, millions of saplings ________ (plant) along the banks to prevent soil erosion. 30. ________ (see) from the window below, the skyscraper looks extraordinarily magnificent. 31. No sooner ________ he ________ (receive) the notice than he set off for the remote region. 32. It is no good ________ (pretend) to know what you actually know nothing about. 33. Listen! Someone ________ (whisper) secrets in the corner of the meeting hall. 34. ________ (gain) a deeper insight into traditional art, he visits local museums on weekends. 35. This type of material ________ (wash) easily and therefore enjoys great popularity among consumers. 36. I could feel my heart ________ (beat) wildly when I stood in front of the huge audience. 37. By the end of next semester, we ________ (complete) all the compulsory courses. 38. ________ (inspire) by those outstanding scientists, the teenagers are determined to pursue science. 39. The organisation ________ (launch) various charity programmes every two years to help poor families. 40. The project appears ________ (run) into unexpected trouble, according to the latest report. 41. Several old residential blocks ________ (pull) down to make room for the new urban park last year. 42. ________ (realise) the potential risk, the company took immediate steps to fix the loophole. 43. I ________ (read) academic papers the whole yesterday afternoon, preparing for my paper. 44. The documentary is well worth ________ (view) for its authentic description of rural life. 45. In the past few years, numerous young people ________ (volunteer) to work in remote mountain villages. 46. ________ (hear) the alarming signal, all the visitors evacuated the building in order. 47. When we rushed to the station, the express train ________ (already depart). 48. The director had his assistants ________ (gather) relevant materials for the upcoming interview. 49. The moon ________ (go) around the earth, which is a basic astronomical fact. 50. Many young people refuse ________ (follow) traditional values blindly in modern‑day society. 51. All the application forms ________ (not process) yet, so please wait patiently for further notice. 52. ________ (not gather) enough first‑hand data, the researcher cannot draw a reliable conclusion. 53. Just as she ________ (operate) the machine, an unexpected fault occurred without warning. 54. ________ (judge) by the survey results, most citizens are satisfied with community services. 55. Up till now, the famous author ________ (publish) five collections of short stories. 56. Strict rules don’t permit students ________ (carry) electronic devices into the examination room. 57. The international conference ________ (hold) in December will focus on global climate change. 58. He leaned against the wall, ________ (reflect) on the mistakes he had made previously. 59. Before she gained access to the archive, she ________ (hear) a great many stories about the ancient city. 60. Remember ________ (submit) your application before the deadline; late entries will not be accepted. 61. The company ________ (develop) new products continuously to keep its competitive edge these years. 62. ________ (shock) at the terrible scene, she could hardly bring herself to speak a single word. 63. The sports contest ________ (cancel) due to continuous heavy rainfall last month. 64. When watching the touching film, many viewers can’t help ________ (shed) tears. 65. Every spring, thousands of tourists ________ (flood) into this ancient town for sightseeing. 66. The experts ________ (discuss) the problem at present haven’t reached an agreement. 67. He told the journalist that he ________ (devote) nearly twenty years to environmental protection. 68. It took the whole team several months ________ (solve) the complicated technical barrier. 69. The injured survivor ________ (treat) by professional medical staff at this time last night. 70. ________ (maintain) mental health, you should learn to release pressure in proper ways. 71. Much attention ________ (attach) to youth mental health problems in current society. 72. ________ (live) in the ancient town for decades, he knows almost every local custom. 73. The skilled craftsman ________ (practise) hand‑making artwork for several hours every day. 74. I spotted him ________ (negotiate) with the businessman when I passed the coffee house. 75. By the end of last summer, we ________ (collect) more than three thousand questionnaires. 76. The proposal ________ (debate) in the committee now concerns public medical insurance reform. 77. He ________ (serve) in the army for six years, and now he engages in education work. 78. Would you mind ________ (reschedule) the appointment, for I have an urgent matter to deal with. 79. Fresh agricultural produce ________ (transport) to all corners of the country every day. 80. ________ (obtain) more reliable statistics, the research team designed a new set of questionnaires. 81. When the earthquake struck, most local residents ________ (sleep) soundly at midnight. 82. The teenager is mature enough ________ (assume) responsibility for his own behaviour. 83. Since 2022, dozens of community libraries ________ (open) across this province. 84. ________ (not grasp) the core theory, the participants failed to finish the experimental task. 85. The talented musician ________ (graduate) from the music college in 2021. 86. ________ (adopt) his practical suggestion, we avoided falling into a costly trap. 87. He mentioned that he ________ (return) from overseas within one month. 88. The biography ________ (write) by a young journalist records the hero’s lifelong experiences. 89. Look! Groups of wild geese ________ (fly) south in formation across the grey sky. 90. She tried ________ (persuade) her partners to change the plan, yet nobody listened to her appeal. 91. The whole mountain area ________ (cover) with thick snow after the severe snowstorm last winter. 92. ________ (accomplish) the tough mission ahead of schedule, the crew kept working day and night. 93. The senior professor ________ (teach) theoretical physics in this university since he finished his PHD. 94. I regret ________ (inform) you that your application for the scholarship has been turned down. 95. When we arrived at the concert hall, the performance ________ (already begin). 96. The speaker raised his voice in order to make himself ________ (understand) by audiences in the back rows. 97. Normally the downtown shopping mall ________ (close) at half past ten in the evening. 98. ________ (arrange) well in advance, the activity went on without any unexpected trouble. 99. Before setting off for overseas study, the girl ________ (book) her flight and accommodation already. 100. She enjoys ________ (immerse) herself in classical music during her leisure time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $