Unit 4 Humour 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语北师大版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“幽默”主题为载体，构建“词汇-语法-写作”三维训练体系，通过分层梳理与方法提炼提升语言运用能力，培养跨文化思维与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇|92阅读词+22写作词+67变形|词根词缀法、语境记忆法|从基础词汇到一词多义、熟词生义，构建语义网络| |语法|进行时态5类+副词6类|时态时间轴定位法、副词功能分类法|按“感知-发现-详解-应用”逻辑递进，结合语境训练| |写作|幽默小故事写作|情节反差法、细节描写技巧|从文体认知到高分句型，实现“输入-内化-输出”闭环|

Unit 4 Humour 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 教材考点概览 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1. ____________ n.喜剧;喜剧片 2. ____________ 相声 3. ____________ adj.幽默的，诙谐的 4. ____________ n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 5. ____________ n.口音 6. ____________ vt.模仿 7. ____________ adj.面部的;脸上的 8. ____________ vi.交流;交往;相互作用 9. ____________ n.舒适;健康;幸福 10. ____________ n.裁判(员) 11. ____________ adj.头晕目眩的 12. ____________ adj.不平衡的 13. ____________ n.挥动，挥舞;秋千/vi.&vt.(使)摆动;(使)转动；荡秋千 14. ____________ vi.突然倒下 15. ____________ vt.消耗;吃;消费 16. ____________ adj.困惑的 17. ____________ n.杯托 18. ____________ n.门口，出入口 19. ____________ n.古董;adj.古时制造的 20. ____________ adv.漫不经心地;非正式地 21. ____________ adv.装作若无其事地;无辜地 22. ____________ n.胃口，食欲 23. ____________ adj.忠诚的 24. ____________ vt.推论，推断 25. ____________ n.天文学 26. ____________ n.星系 27. ____________ adv.可能地，潜在地 28. ____________ n.土星 29. ____________ n.狮子座 30. ____________ adj.科学(上)的 31. ____________ n.测量，计量，衡量 32. ____________ vt.预测，预报 33. ____________ adj.中年的 34. ____________ n.外科手术 35. ____________ vi.流血，出血 36. ____________ vi. & n.打喷嚏 37. ____________ n.就诊;咨询 38. ____________ n.危难时刻;危机 39. ____________ vt.检查 40. ____________ vt.宣布，宣告 41. ____________ adv.随后，后来 42. ____________ n.马戏团 43. ____________ n.小丑 44. ____________ n.肌肉 45. ____________ adj.身体的，肉体的 46. ____________ 血管 47. ____________ adj.心理的，精神的 48. ____________ adj.影响深远的 49. ____________ vt.使充满活力;使增强决心 50. ____________ adj.有免疫力的 51. ____________ n.细胞 52. ____________ n.感染;传染 53. ____________ vt.把…并入，包含 54. ____________ adv.偶然地，意外地 55. ____________ n.费用，花费 56. ____________ n.喜剧演员 57. ____________ n.国籍 58. ____________ n.一集 59. ____________ adv.完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 60. ____________ n.牛排 61. ____________ adj.生的 62. ____________ vi.&vt.咀嚼 63. ____________ n.花瓶 64. ____________ n.女用手提包;女式钱包 65. ____________ adj.当代的 66. ____________ n.影视剧本作家，编剧 67. ____________ adv.主要地;大部分 68. ____________ adj.笨拙的，不灵活的 69. ____________ adj.好笑的，有趣的 70. ____________ n.创造物，作品 71. ____________ n.正相反，恰恰相反 72. ____________ adj.学术的 73. ____________ n.奖学金 74. ____________ 寄宿学校 75. ____________ vt.得到，获得 76. ____________ vt.获得，得到 77. ____________ 电力(电气)工程学 78. ____________ n.结巴，口吃 79. ____________ n.天资，天赋，才能 80. ____________ n.镜子 81. ____________ n.制作人，制片人 82. ____________ adv.很少，难得 83. ____________ n.天才，天赋;天才人物 84. ____________ adj.确信的，信服的 85. ____________ adj.不幸的，倒霉的 86. ____________ n.代理人 87. ____________ vt.要求 88. ____________ adv.不严谨地 89. ____________ n.大木头，原木;(事件的)正式记录 90. ____________ n.成语 91. ____________ n.政治家 92. ____________ n.浴室;vi.洗澡 二、写作词汇： 1. ____________ vi.&vt.假装，装作 2. ____________ adj.极度惊恐的 3. ____________ adj.难堪的，尴尬的 4. ____________ n.大气(层);气氛，氛围，环境 5. ____________ vi.尖声大叫; n.尖叫声 6. ____________ vt.应得，应受到 7. ____________ n.紧张;焦虑;焦急 8. ____________ n.心情，情绪 9. ____________ vi. &vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 10. ____________ vi.脸红 11. ____________ n.窘迫，尴尬 12. ____________ vt.遇到 13. ____________ vt.使开心;逗笑 14. ____________ vi.依赖 15. ____________ adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 16. ____________ adj.重要的，重大的 17. ____________ vt.增强;改进;提高 18. ____________ n.潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的 19. ____________ adj.广泛适用的;共同的，普遍的 20. ____________ n.名誉，名望 21. ____________ vi.&vt.批评，指责 22. ____________n.焦虑，不安，担心 三、词汇变形： 1. ____________ n. 喜剧 → ____________ n. 喜剧演员 → ____________ n. 悲剧 → ____________ n. 悲剧演员 2. ____________ v. 假装，装作 → ____________ n. 假装 3. ____________ n. 幽默 → ____________ adj. 幽默的 4. ____________ v. 模仿 → ____________ adj. 模仿的 → ____________ n. 模仿 5. ____________ v. 面对 /n. 脸 → ____________ adj. 面部的 6. ____________ v. 互动 → ____________ adj. 互动的 → ____________ n. 互动，交流 7. ____________ n. 焦虑 → ____________ adj. 焦虑的 8. ____________ adj. 重要的 → ____________ n. 重要性，含义 9. ____________ vt. 增强，改进 → ____________ n. 提升，改进 10. ____________ vt. 使恐怖，使惊吓 → ____________ adj. 极度惊恐的 → ____________ adj. 可怕的，极大的 11. ____________ v. 使眩晕，使困惑 /adj.（使人）眩晕的，愚蠢的 → ____________ n. 头昏眼花 12. ____________ v. 比较，权衡 /n. 均衡，平衡 → ____________ adj. 平衡的，平稳的 → ____________ adj. 不稳定的，不平衡的 13. ____________ v.（突然）倒塌，跌倒 /n. 倒闭，倒塌 → ____________ adj. 可折叠的，可拆卸的 14. ____________ v. 使尴尬，给… 出难题 → ____________ adj. 尴尬的，难堪的 → ____________ adj. 令人尴尬的 → ____________ n. 尴尬，难堪 15. ____________ v. 消费，吃，喝 → ____________ n. 消费，吃，喝 → ____________ n. 消费者 16. ____________ v. 混淆，使困惑 → ____________ adj. 糊涂的，难懂的 → ____________ adj. 难以理解的 → ____________ n. 困惑，混淆，尴尬 17. ____________ n. 潜力，潜能 /adj. 潜在的，可能的 18. ____________ n. 古董 /adj. 古老的 → ____________ v. 使废旧 / 古旧 → ____________ n. 古老，古代，古迹 19. ____________ adj. 漫不经心的，随便的，偶然的 → ____________ n. 随便，漫不经心 20. ____________ adj. 无辜的，无罪的，清白的 → ____________ adv. 漫不经心地，非正式地 → ____________ n. 清白，天真无邪 21. ____________ n. 信任，宗教信仰 → ____________ adj. 忠实的，忠诚的 → ____________ n. 忠诚，正确，诚实 22. ____________ vt. 推论，推断 → ____________ adj. 演绎的，推论的 → ____________ adv. 演绎地，推论地 23. ____________ n. 天文学 → ____________ n. 天文学家 → ____________ adj. 天文学的，极其巨大的 24. ____________ n. 科学 → ____________ adj. 科学（上）的 → ____________ n. 科学家 25. ____________ v. 衡量，测量 /n. 措施，相当数量 → ____________ n. 量度，分量，尺寸 26. ____________ n. 大气（层），气氛 → ____________ adj. 大气的，令人激动的，有魅力的 27. ____________ n. 外科手术，诊所 → ____________ adj. 外科的，外科手术的 → ____________ n. 外科医生，军医 28. ____________ vi. 流血，出血 → ____________ n. 吸血鬼，混蛋 29. ____________ v. 咨询，商量，查阅 → ____________ n. 顾问，会诊医师；____________ n. 咨询，会诊 → ____________ n. 顾问工作，顾问职位 30. ____________ v. 仔细检查，审查，考核 → ____________ n. 考试，审查 → ____________ n. 主考人，审查人 31. ____________ vt. 宣布，宣告 → ____________ n. 宣告者，播音员 → ____________ n. 通告，声明，公布 32. ____________ vt. 应得，应受到 → ____________ adv. 应得地，当然地 33. ____________ n. 心情，情绪 → ____________ adj. 喜怒无常的，脾气坏的 34. ____________ adj. 拉紧的，神经紧张的 → ____________ v. 拉紧 /n. 紧张关系 / 气氛，矛盾，焦虑 35. ____________ adj. 身体的，物质的 → ____________ adv. 身体上，依据自然规律地 36. ____________ n. 心理学，思想 → ____________ adj. 心理的，精神的 → ____________ n. 心理学家 37. ____________ vt. 使充满活力，使增强信心 → ____________ n. 精力，力气，能量 → ____________ adj. 积极主动的，精力旺盛的 38. ____________ adj. 有免疫力的 → ____________ n. 免除，免疫力 → ____________ v. 使免疫，使免除 39. ____________ v. 传染，使感染 → ____________ adj. 传染的，有传染性的 → ____________ n. 传染，感染，传染病 40. ____________ v. 把… 并入，包含 → ____________ n. 合并，团结 41. ____________ v. 脸红 → ____________ adj. 害羞地 → ____________ n. 胭脂 42. ____________ n. 事故，意外，偶然 → ____________ adj. 意外的，偶然的 → ____________ adv. 偶然地，意外地 43. ____________ n. 费用，花费 → ____________ v. 花费，消耗 → ____________ adj. 昂贵的 44. ____________ n. 国家，民族 → ____________ adj. 国家的，民族的 /n. 国民 → ____________ n. 国籍 45. ____________ n. 声誉，名望 → ____________ adj. 值得尊敬的，声誉好的 → ____________ adv. 据说根据风评 46. ____________ v. 使开心，逗笑 → ____________ n. 有趣，可笑 → ____________ adj. 有趣的 → ____________ adj. 愉快的，顽皮的 47. ____________ v. 依赖 → ____________ adj. 可信赖的，可靠的 48. ____________ adj. 纯粹的，干净的，纯真的 → ____________ adv. 完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 → ____________ n. 纯度，纯洁，纯净 → ____________ v. 使纯净，净化 49. ____________ adj. 共同的，普遍的 /n. 普遍原则 → ____________ n. 宇宙 50. ____________ v. 使惊讶，使吃惊 → ____________ n. 惊讶 → ____________ adj. 非常惊人的 → ____________ adj. 感到惊讶的，惊奇的 51. ____________ adj. 当代的，同时发生的 → ____________ adv. 当代地 52. ____________ adv. 最，最多（大），非常 /n. 最大限度，大部分 → ____________ adv. 主要地，大部分 53. ____________ v. 创造，创建 → ____________ n. 创世，创造作品 → ____________ adj. 有创造力的，创作的 → ____________ n. 创造性，创造力 54. ____________ n. 专科院校，研究院，学会 → ____________ adj. 学术的，学业的 /n. 大学教师，科研人员 → ____________ n. 院士，学会成员 55. ____________ v. 得到，获得 → ____________ n. 成就，才能，到达 → ____________ adj. 可达到的，可得到的 56. ____________ v. 获得，得到 → ____________ adj. 可获得的，可取得的 57. ____________ n. 天资，天赋，才能 → ____________ adj. 有才能的，有才干的 → ____________ adj. 无能的 58. ____________ v. 引起，生产 → ____________ n. 制作人，制片人 → ____________ n. 生产，产量 → ____________ adj. 富有成效的，多产的 → ____________ n. 生产率，生产力 59. ____________ adj. 稀少的，罕见的 → ____________ adv. 很少，难得 → ____________ v. 使稀薄，（思想等）精炼 60. ____________ v. 使相信，说服 → ____________ adj. 确信的，信服的 → ____________ n. 说服者 → ____________ adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 61. ____________ adj. 不幸的，倒霉的 → ____________ adj. 幸运的 → ____________ n. 财富，幸运 → ____________ n. 不幸，厄运，灾难 62. ____________ n. 代理人 → ____________ n. 服务 / 代理 / 经销机构 63. ____________ v. 强烈要求，需要 /n. 要求，所需之物 → ____________ adj. 费时的，劳神的，苛刻的 64. ____________ adj. 松动的，零散的 /v. 发射（子弹等），松开，释放 → ____________ adv. 不严谨地 → ____________ v. 变松，放宽 65. ____________ v. 批评，指责 → ____________ n. 批评，指责 → ____________ n. 批评家，反对者 → ____________ adj. 关键的，严重的，批评的 66. ____________ n. 成语 → ____________ adj. 符合语言习惯的，成语的 67. ____________ n. 政治家 → ____________ adj. 政治的，政党的 → ____________ n. 政治，权术 → ____________ adj. 明智的，谨慎的 → ____________ n. 政治（学） 四、一词多义 1. pretend vi.&vt.假装，装作； ____________ 2. consume vt.消耗；吃喝； ____________（读后续写高分搭配：be consumed with + 情绪） 3. potential n.潜力； ____________ 4. atmosphere n.大气(层)； ____________ 5. encounter vt.遭遇，遇到； ____________ 6. contemporary adj.当代的； ____________ 7. contrary n.相反； ____________ 8. log n.原木；工作日志； ____________ 五、熟词生义 单词 基础意思 高考生义 significant 重要的，重大的 universal 普遍的，共同的 deserve 应得，应受到 expense 费用，花费 swing 摆动；秋千 measurement 测量，计量 demand vt. 强烈要求 plot n.（书、电影）情节 六、重点短语词块 1. ________________________ 假装（没）做某事； ________________________ 假装/声称正在做某事； ________________________ 假装/声称做了某事； ________________________ 假装… 2. ________________________ 担心…; ________________________ 严重地焦虑，十分焦虑； ________________________ 为某事/某人担心； ________________________ 渴望做某事； ________________________ 渴望得到某物 3. ________________________ 做某事很尴尬； ________________________ 因…感到窘迫/尴尬； ________________________ 令人尴尬的是 4. ________________________ （做）某事的可能性； ________________________ 有可能/潜力做某事 5. ________________________ 采取措施做某事 6. ________________________ 在…的氛围中 7. ________________________ 向某人宣布某事； ________________________ 据宣布； ________________________ 发表公告 8. ________________________ 值得做某事； ________________________ 某事值得被做 9. ________________________ 想得到某物 10. ________________________ 相信某事/信任某人 11. ________________________ 猛吃一惊后定神再看 12. ________________________ 交出，把…送交 13. ________________________ 没心情/不想做某事； ________________________ 心情好/不好 14. ________________________ 想要某物； ________________________ 想要做某事 15. ________________________ 对某人耳语； ________________________ 低声说某事； ________________________ 低声对某人说某事； ________________________ 低声地 16. ________________________ 偶然，意外地； ________________________ 故意地 17. ________________________ 由某人承担费用，嘲笑某人； ________________________ 在牺牲（损害）…的情况下； ________________________ 不惜费用做某事 18. ________________________ 做某事使某人感到好笑； ________________________ 被…逗乐，因…开心； ________________________ 令人发笑的是； ________________________ 愉快地，饶有趣味地 19. ________________________ 指望/相信…； ________________________ 依赖，信赖 20. ________________________ 对…感到吃惊； ________________________ 让某人吃惊的是； ________________________ 吃惊地 21. ________________________ 正相反； ________________________ 相反地； ________________________ 与…相反的 22. ________________________ 有…才能/天赋； ________________________ 表现出…的天赋/才能； ________________________ 在(做)某事方面有天赋； ________________________ 有…的才能 23. ________________________ 相信/确信某事； ________________________ 确信/相信； ________________________ 使某人相信某事； ________________________ 说服某人做某事 24. ________________________ 发财，赚大钱； ________________________ 碰运气/寻找成功致富之路； ________________________ 给某人算命 25. ________________________ 要求从某人那里得到某物； ________________________ 要求做； ________________________ 要求…（从句用虚拟语气） 26. ________________________ 满足某人的需求； ________________________ 需求量很大； ________________________ 按需，一经要求 写作 句型 1. My favourite kind of comedy is when someone plays roles. 我最喜欢的喜剧类型是当有人角色扮演的时候。（when 引导表语从句） 2. I was so embarrassed that I wanted the floor to open up and consume me. 我如此尴尬，以至于希望地板裂个缝把我吞进去。（so+adj.+that …） 3. A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store. 一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。(be doing ... when ...) 4. It’s almost as if humour is inherent in us. 似乎幽默是我们固有的东西。(as if引导表语从句) 5. It means that it will have a great influence on how we live. 其意思是它将对我们如何生活产生巨大影响。(have an influence on …) 6. We all know that if we are in a bad mood, we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings. 我们都知道如果心情不好，我们可能会表达负面的态度和感情。(be likely to do sth) 语法 1、 进行时态 【语法感知】 ① She was waiting for the bus when it began to rain. ② He had been learning French for two years before he moved to Paris. ③ We have been practicing oral English every day recently. ④ Look! The children are playing football on the playground. ⑤ This time next Friday, I will be travelling in Guilin. 【我的发现】 1. 句①中 was feeling 是______时。 2. 句②中 had been going wrong 是______时。 3. 句③中 have been having 是______时。 4. 句④中 are looking 是______时。 5. 句⑤中 will be working 是______时。 【语法详解】 一、现在进行时 1. 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，其构成形式为：am/is/are + 现在分词。通常与 now, right now, at present, at this moment, today, this week, this month, this year, this term, these days 等表现阶段的时间状语连用。 He is writing a novel now. 他目前正在写一部小说。 2. 表示经常性、重复性或习惯性的动作时，必须与 only, merely, simply, really, fast, rapidly, steadily, forever, all the time, always, constantly, continually, repeatedly 等副词 (短语) 连用。 She is always complaining. 她总是在抱怨。 3. 表示按计划发生或已安排好的要做的事。 此用法只适用于某些表示位置移动的动词，如 go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, spend, sail, meet, fly 等。 The guests are leaving by train tonight. 客人今晚坐火车走。 【即学即练】单句语法填空 ①Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door. ②She ________ always ________ (talk) loudly in public, which annoys others. ③My sister ________ (fly) to Shanghai tomorrow morning. ⚠️特别提醒 (1) 很多汉语句子无 “正在”，翻译成英语却需要使用进行时态。 It is raining heavily. 下大雨了。 How is everything going? 事情进展如何？ (2) 部分动词一般不用于进行时： ①感官 / 情感：hear, see, smell, taste, feel, love, hate, want 等 ②存在 / 所属：exist, have, own, contain, remain 等 ③认知理解：know, understand, believe, remember, think 等 二、过去进行时 1. 表示过去某一时刻 / 阶段正在进行的动作，结构：was/were + doing；常搭配 at that time, at …o’clock yesterday, those days, from…to…(过去时间)。 He was cleaning his car at six o’clock yesterday morning. 昨天早上六点他正在清洗他的车。 2. 表过去反复动作，附带赞赏、厌烦等感情色彩，常与 always/constantly 等连用。 He was always helping others when he was young. 他年轻时总是乐于助人。 3. when/while 引导从句，一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle yesterday. 我弟弟昨天骑自行车时摔倒了。 4. 位移动词（go/come/leave/arrive 等）用于过去进行时，表过去计划将要发生的事。 He said he was starting tomorrow. 他说他打算明天出发。 【即学即练】完成句子 / 语法填空 ① I ________ (read) a book at nine o’clock last night. ② He ________ always ________ (find) faults with me, which made me upset. ③ When the fire broke out, we ________ (have) a meeting. ④ She told me she ________ (leave) for Canada soon. 三、将来进行时 1. 将来某时刻 / 时间段正在进行；结构：will/shall + be doing；常用 at this time tomorrow, at this time next week。 What will you be doing at eight o’clock this evening? 今晚八点你将会在做什么？ 2. 预测将来的情况与结果。 If we keep working hard like this, we will be making a miracle. 如果持续努力，我们将会创造奇迹。 3. 表计划安排好的动作，语气委婉。 Tomorrow is my day on duty, so I shall not be coming home. 明天我值班，所以不回家。 【即学即练】单句语法填空 ① Don’t call me at 8 p.m. tomorrow. I ________ (attend) a lecture. ② This time next month, we ________ (travel) along the Yangtze River. ③ ________ you ________ (have) lunch with us this Sunday?（委婉询问） 四、现在完成进行时 1. 动作从过去持续到现在（可能继续 / 刚刚结束）；结构 have/has + been doing；搭配 since/for/all day/recently。 I’ve been writing letters all this morning. 我写了一上午信。 2. 过去到现在断断续续重复发生的动作。 That reporter has been contributing articles to this magazine all these years. 这些年来这位记者一直向这家杂志投稿。 【即学即练】完成句子 ① Look! Your eyes are red. ________ you ________ (cry)? ② We ________ (wait) for the bus for nearly one hour. ③ He ________ (collect) stamps since he was ten. 五、过去完成进行时 持续到过去某个时间点之前的动作；结构 had + been doing。 After he had been lecturing for half an hour, Professor Brown had a drink of water. 布朗教授讲课半小时之后，喝了一点水。 【即学即练】完成句子 ① He ________ (work) for 10 years before he quit the job. ② My eyes hurt. I ________ (read) novels all night long before dawn came. ③ She was tired. She ________ (clean) the house all day. 2、 副词 【语法感知】 ①Mr Bean is an internationally recognised comedy character in films and TV series. ②He has a reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations,which greatly amuses audiences of all nationalities and cultures. ③He opens it to find a birthday card and very happily puts it on the table for everyone to see. ④When the waiters are not looking,however,he busies himself hiding the raw meat anywhere he can reach—the sugar bowl,the tiny flower vase,inside a bread roll and under a plate. ⑤Later,he studied at Newcastle University where he attained the highest marks in his year. 【我的发现】 1.句①中internationally是______副词，修饰过去分词recognised。 2.句②中constantly是______副词，修饰动名词encountering；greatly是______副词，修饰动词amuses。 3.句③中happily是______副词，very是______副词，very修饰副词happily。 4.句④中however是______副词；anywhere是______副词。 5.句⑤中Later是______副词。 【语法详解】 一、副词定义 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或者整个句子，用以说明动作或状态的特征，表达时间、地点、方式、程度、转折等含义。 二、副词的分类 类别 含义 常见示例 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 later, now, yesterday, recently, already, soon 地点副词 表示动作发生的地点、范围 anywhere, here, there, outside, indoors 方式副词 描述动作发生的方式 happily, internationally, constantly, slowly 程度副词 修饰形容词、副词，体现强弱程度 very, greatly, quite, almost, rather 连接副词 连接上下文，表达逻辑关系 however, therefore, besides, meanwhile 三、副词的语法功能 1.修饰动词 He happily accepts the gift. 2.修饰形容词 The film is greatly popular. 3.修饰副词 She runs very quickly. 4.修饰分词（现在分词/过去分词） an internationally known star 5.修饰整个句子 However,we have to give up the plan. 【即学即练】完成句子 根据提示词，使用副词完成句子。 ①.This actor is an________(international)famous star around the world. ②.The funny show________(great)attracts teenagers’attention. ③.He closed the door________(happy)after receiving the good news. 四、副词的比较级与最高级 1. 规则变化 变化规则 示例 一般直接加 -er /-est fast → faster → fastest；hard → harder → hardest 以字母 e 结尾，直接加 -r /-st late → later → latest “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 - er/-est early → earlier → earliest 多音节 / 部分双音节副词，前加 more /most happily → more happily → most happily internationally → more internationally → most internationally 1. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well（好地） better best badly（糟糕地） worse worst much（大量） more most little（少量） less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 基础用法 1. 比较级：两者对比，常搭配 than He runs faster than me. 2. 最高级：三者及以上对比，常搭配 in /of 范围短语 She sings most beautifully in our class. 【即学即练】单句语法填空 ①Tom speaks English ________ (fluently) than his sister. ②Among all students, Lily writes ________ (carefully). ③The new machine works ________ (well) than the old one. 写作 记叙文写作（幽默小故事） 一、文体认知 幽默小故事属于叙事类记叙文，以第一人称或第三人称讲述一件生活趣事。文章重在完整叙述事件经过，通过反差、误会、滑稽的情节制造喜剧效果；语言生动简洁，结尾常有感悟、反思，适合英语书面表达。 核心特征： ①情节有起伏，存在误会、意外、反转； ②侧重细节描写（动作、心理），烘托幽默氛围； ③叙事线索清晰：开端—发展—高潮（笑点）—结尾。 二、写作妙招点拨 1. 巧用情节反差：预想的情况和真实结果不一致，制造笑点； 2. 增加动作、心理细节描写，避免平铺直叙； 3. 善用铺垫，把意外结局留在文章高潮； 4. 结尾简短升华，不用长篇大论，简单抒发感受； 5. 时态统一：故事主体一般使用一般过去时。 3、 高分句型积累 1. I had never imagined that such a funny thing would happen to me. 我从未想到一件如此有趣的事会发生在我身上。 2. Hardly had I realized what was going on when I felt extremely embarrassed. 我还没弄明白状况，就感到无比尴尬。 3. Just as I was about to …, something unexpected took place. 正当我准备……的时候，意想不到的事情发生了。 4. I was so occupied with … that I failed to notice the strange situation. 我忙着……，完全没有察觉到异样。 5. No sooner had I … than loud laughter burst out around me. 我刚……，周围就爆发出一阵笑声。 6. It turned out that all my efforts ended up being a big joke. 结果证明，我所有的努力最后成了一个大笑话。 7. Though I felt awkward at that moment, this experience has become an unforgettable memory. 虽然那一刻十分窘迫，但这段经历成了难忘的回忆。 四、实战写作训练 根据下面所给的材料，用英文写一篇 80 词左右的幽默小故事。 写作素材： 为了躲避雨天，我撑伞快步赶路，一路上小心翼翼保护头发不被淋湿。到家后对着镜子才发现，我只顾护住头顶，整只后背早已完全湿透。 要求：尽可能运用课堂所学高分句型。 【读懂写作任务】 ①文体：记叙文（幽默小故事，叙事类） ②人称：第一人称 I ③时态：主体使用一般过去时 【搭建文章框架】 第一段（开端）：交代时间、背景，引出事件； 第二段（发展+高潮）：叙述事情经过，重点描写意外、尴尬、充满笑点的场景； 第三段（结尾）：事情结局，抒发个人感受。 【梳理核心表达】 1.I had never imagined that ____________ would happen to me on a rainy day. 2.Just as I was about to ____________, something unexpected took place. 3.I was so occupied with ____________ that I failed to notice ____________. 4.Hardly had I ____________ when I realized my mistake. 5.No sooner had I ____________ than I laughed at myself. 【范文赏析】 I had never imagined that such a funny thing would happen to me on a rainy day. Just as I was about to arrive home, something unexpected took place. I was so occupied with protecting my hair from rain that I failed to notice my wet back. Hardly had I stood in front of the mirror when I realized my mistake. No sooner had I seen my soaking back than I laughed at myself. It turned out that all my efforts ended up being a big joke. Though I felt awkward at that moment, this experience has become an unforgettable memory. 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据汉语提示填空。 1. It is ______ (不幸的) that her children are all unmusical. 2. He said the task of reconstruction would ______ (要求) much patience and hard work. 3. We would not ______ (批评) religion or religious freedom. 4. He is one of the best ______ (政治家) in the world. 5. Can you just ______ (假装) you don't know what's going on? 6. He claimed to be an American, but his ______ (口音) gave him away. 7. In order to ______ (增强) market competitiveness, we welcome many comments from consumers favourable or otherwise. 8. He had a healthy ______ (胃口) after he recovered from his operation. 9. The weather ______ (预报) says it will be fine tomorrow, so we don't need to take the umbrella. 10. The economic ______ (危机) in 2000 had a great influence on the whole world. 二、用单词的适当形式填空 1. Cross talk is humorous and it is a form of comedy which is performed ______ (humorous). 2. We are not aware of the potential problems, which are ______ (potential) dangerous. 3. He bought some casual clothes; he liked to be ______ (casual) dressed in jeans and a T-shirt. 4. Scientists say that scientific problems should be solved ______ (scientific). 5. He was confused by that question and kept shaking his head ______ (confused). 6. ______ (fortunate), he died in a car accident, which is unfortunate news to us. 7. ______ (rare) have we encountered a great genius with so many talents. 8. That park is ______ I first met her. 9. He is ill again. This is ______ he is absent from class. 10. The politician says that history is a mirror that ______ (true) reflects human progress. 三、 短语填空 rely on, save…from, nothing like, hand over, be used to, believe in, carry on, on the contrary, deduce from, be in for 选用方框内短语的适当形式填空，每个短语只用一次。 1. The scenes there are ________ what you have seen before. 2. You think you are clever; ________ I think you are very foolish. 3. She always ________ him to deal with difficulties in life. 4. People who say politicians are all the same may ________ a surprise next week. 5. Don’t tell me you still ________ something that doesn’t exist. 6. He used to read in the sun, but now he ________ reading in the library. 7. I’ll telephone and that will ________ me ________ writing a letter. 8. Tell them to ________ with their work as normal. 9. As Mr Jones aged, he decided to ________ charge of his family business to his eldest son. 10. Can we ________ your silence that you do not approve? 四、完成句子 1. The movie ________ her teenage years. 这部电影对她的青少年时期影响很大。（考点：influence 的用法） 2. If you keep practicing, ________ your spoken English test. 如果你坚持练习，你很有可能通过英语口语考试。（考点：likely 的用法） 3. The fact is ________. 事实是我没有参加那场活动。（考点：that 引导表语从句） 4. People ________ that the old man had donated all his savings to charity. 人们吃惊地发现那位老人把所有积蓄都捐给了慈善机构。（考点：shocked 的用法） 5. She attends the morning meeting on time every week ________. 她每周都按时参加晨会，除非她出差了。（考点：except when... 句型） 6. The volunteers ________ the upcoming charity sale. 志愿者们在忙着准备即将到来的义卖活动。（考点：busy oneself doing... 句型） 7. Around 2,000 books are stored in this library, ________. 这家图书馆藏有约 2000 本书，其中大多数是文学作品。（考点：“不定代词 + of + 关系代词” 引导的非限制性定语从句） 8. ________ made him change his mind completely. 正是你的劝说和耐心使得他彻底改变了主意。（考点：强调句型） 综合攻坚·知能拔高 1、 阅读理解 A Australians are pretty bold(大胆的) when it comes to humour. Not afraid of saying something insulting(冒犯的) in the name of a good laugh, they don’t hold back. This is always done in fun, however. You get yourself a haircut before going to meet your new Aussie friend. You’re expecting to be praised, but what you hear is, “Did you have a fight with a lawnmower(割草机)?” You might take this as an insult, but it’s just your friend’s way of saying that you’ve had a haircut. Your friend comes knocking at your bedroom door one morning to tell you you’re late for class. You stayed up late studying the night before and you look a mess. Your friend thinks you need to put a brush through your hair before leaving, but instead of just saying so he says, “Wow. Your hair looks like a bush pig’s arse.” He’s trying to be nice. Australia is one of the countries on this planet where making fun of someone is a sign of friendship. If you find yourself being made fun of lots, it could be that you’ve scored yourself a whole lot of new friends. Consider yourself lucky—these insults are all parts of building a relationship. Australians also use a lot of sarcasm(讽刺). You foolishly say something that’s obvious(明显的). For example, “A six-pack of beer is named after the number of beers you get in the pack, the number being six.” A normal answer would be “That is the most obvious statement I’ve ever heard”, but an Australian would say, “Really? You’re so clever.” Now let’s say your teacher tells you that there will be a test the following day. Australians might say, “Great. I can’t wait to add preparing for a test to my already long to-do list. Thank you for this gift.” 1. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, Australians try to be humorous ______. A. by telling funny jokes B. by making fun of friends C. by laughing at themselves D. by showing unfriendliness 2. What does the author suggest you do when you are laughed at by an Australian? A. Accept it readily. B. Fight back bravely. C. Mind your behaviour. D. End the relationship. 3. What do Australians want to express by saying “Thank you for this gift.” in the last paragraph? A. Dislike. B. Worry. C. Gladness. D. Thankfulness. 4. How is the text mainly developed? A. By telling stories. B. By making comparisons. C. By providing examples. D. By examining differences. B Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new force and forms that cause change—to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before. Landscape（风景）is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th century Dutch painters to the 19th century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s, Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotions and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of colour photography（摄影术）to help both the eyes and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods. Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings. 5. What does the underlined word “poetry” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. An object for artistic creation. B. A collection of poems. C. An unusual quality. D. A natural scene. 6. Why are Leslie’s paintings extraordinary? A. Because they are close in style to works in ancient times. B. Because they look like works by 19th century painters. C. Because they draw attention to common things in life. D. Because they depend heavily on colour photography. 7. What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph? A. They express people’s curiosity about the past. B. They make people interested in everyday experience. C. They are considered important for variety in form. D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation. 8. Which of the following is the main topic of the text? A. History of the arts. B. Basic questions of the arts. C. New developments in the arts. D. Use of modern technology in the arts. 2、 七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Best Medicine: Laughter Laughter is the best medicine. It helps solve problems, improve relationships, and support both physical and emotional health. 1 Read the following suggestions and learn to make laughter part of your life. Laugh at yourself. This is one of the biggest differences between happy people and unhappy people. It communicates to both you and the people around you that it’s no big deal. So be brave enough to share your embarrassing moments. 2 When something negative happens, try to make it a humorous story that will make you and others laugh. Surround yourself with amusing reminders to lighten up. Put up a funny poster in your office. Keep a toy on your desk or in your car. 3 Frame photos of you and your family or friends having fun. All of these are good resources of laughter. ____4 Even if you don’t consider yourself a humorous person, you can still seek out new friends who are ready to laugh and who can make you laugh. These are people who find humour in everyday events. Their playful points of view and laughter are contagious(富有感染力的). When you are around them, you’ll be more likely to laugh too. Don’t spend a day without laughing. Set aside 10 minutes each day to do something that amuses you. You can watch some humorous videos or look at some funny photos online. 5 Try thinking back to a joke you heard or read, or a comedy you watched. As long as you have a joyful heart and purposely make time to laugh, you’ll be amazed at how differently you will begin to view your job, your family, your relationships and yourself. A. Try to be a lightening person. B. Spend time with funny people. C. Choose a computer screensaver that makes you laugh. D. But not everyone is good at laughing genuinely and accurately. E. If you can’t find any humour at hand, recall something funny. F. Attempt to laugh at your awkward situations rather than regret them. G. Go to a humorous play or see a film that can make you burst out laughing. 3、 完形填空 We did homework in the kitchen while my mum cooked. Usually, I complained about my classmates treating me 1. ______. “She didn’t even save me a seat.” or “He 2. ______ my pencil.” One afternoon during my emotion-release time, my mum turned to me and said 3. ______, “If everyone around you is being a stupid person, then it is you who are behaving like the most stupid one of all.” I was 4. ______ and argued that it was the faults of other kids. I felt so 5. ______ that I didn’t think I could ever forgive my mum. But a week later, after a 6. ______ day when my classmates refused to play with me, I decided to see if Mum was right in action. It was a(n) 7. ______ with my own behaviour. That Monday at school, I no longer 8. ______ everyone there to change their behaviour to fit me. 9. ______, I tried to change myself. Properly managing my emotions 10. ______ everything. I no longer felt like I was a victim(受害者), but a victor. I 11. ______ my classmates. Tolerance(宽容) in our own 12. ______ helps us recognise and 13. ______ the imperfections in others. Now I 14. ______ my mum’s words in this way, “If everyone around you is 15. ______, chances are that you are the kindest of all.” 1 A. kindly B. commonly C. unfairly D. impatiently 2 A. borrowed B. liked C. returned D. broke 3 A. quickly B. seriously C. secretly D. happily 4 A. satisfied B. ashamed C. shocked D. tired 5 A. angry B. afraid C. nervous D. shy 6 A. hot B. busy C. noisy D. rough 7 A. experiment B. experience C. game D. battle 8 A. forced B. advised C. allowed D. expected 9 A. Therefore B. Instead C. Though D. However 10 A. witnessed B. challenged C. destroyed D. changed 11 A. forgave B. welcomed C. scolded D. advised 12 A. selfishness B. impoliteness C. weakness D. optimism 13 A. find B. learn C. accept D. correct 14 A. doubt B. understand C. recall D. oppose 15 A. friendly B. lucky C. brave D. confident 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Humour 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 参考答案 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 1、 根据汉语提示填空。 【答案】1.unfortunate 2.require 3.criticize 4.statesmen 5.pretend 6.accent 7.enhance 8.appetite 9.forecast 10.crisis 2、 用单词的适当形式填空 【答案】1.humorously 2.potentially 3.casually 4.scientifically 5.confusedly 6.Unfortunately 7.Rarely 8.where 9.why 10.truly 三、 短语填空 【答案】1.nothing like 2.on the contrary 3.relies on 4.be in for 5.believe in 6.is used to 7.save; from 8.carry on 9.hand over 10.deduce from 3、 完成句子 【答案】1.has a great influence on 2.you are likely to pass 3.that I didn’t take part in the activity 4.were shocked to find 5.except when she is on business 6.busy themselves preparing for 7.most of which are literary works 8.It was your persuasion and patience that 综合攻坚·知能拔高 1、 阅读理解 A 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 【解析】 1. 文章第二、三段给出了两个生活场景事例：换新发型被朋友调侃、睡乱头发遭到打趣。结合原文第四段“Australia is one of the countries on this planet where making fun of someone is a sign of friendship”能够看出，澳大利亚人习惯通过打趣、开朋友玩笑的方式表达幽默。A选项“讲有趣的笑话”、C选项“自嘲”在文中没有体现；D选项“表现出不友好”和原文“This is always done in fun”相互矛盾。故选B。 2. 根据第四段“If you find yourself being made fun of lots, it could be that you’ve scored yourself a whole lot of new friends. Consider yourself lucky—these insults are all parts of building a relationship”可知，在澳大利亚，别人打趣你是建立友谊的方式，作者建议读者坦然接受这种调侃。B勇敢回击、C注意言行、D断绝关系均不符合原文观点。故选A。 3. 根据第五段首句“Australians also use a lot of sarcasm(讽刺)”可知澳大利亚人经常使用反语。老师通知第二天要考试，学生并不期待额外的备考任务，句子“Thank you for this gift.”是讽刺说法，并不是真心感谢，实际上表达内心的反感。dislike意为反感；worry担心；gladness开心；thankfulness感激。故选A。 4. 通读全文，作者先后列举理发被调侃、乱糟糟的发型被打趣、显而易见的话语、临时通知考试等多个日常生活案例，以此介绍澳大利亚独特的幽默文化。文章主要依靠提供事例推进行文。A讲故事、B作比较、D分析差异均不是文章主要写作方式。故选C。 B 【答案】5.C 6.C 7.D 8.B 【解析】 5. 文章第一段提到艺术家旨在创造全新的力量与形式，做出改变，在别人不曾看见、不曾体会的地方寻找poetry。此处并非指诗歌、实物或者自然风景，而是指一种独特、不凡的美感与特质。A艺术创作物品、B诗集、D自然景色均不符合语境。故选C。 6. 根据第二段内容，Leslie如实地描绘所见之物，画作情绪没有特殊变化，还将公路等普通事物融入背景。他的作品亮点在于关注日常生活里平凡普通的事物。A风格贴近古代作品、B类似19世纪画作原文没有提及；D他只是借助彩色摄影辅助创作，并不是高度依赖摄影，不是画作出众的核心原因。故选C。 7. 最后一段表明，无论古今东西方，艺术都是人类直接体验的重要组成部分，形态多样，共同表达人类基本的需求与期盼。说明艺术能够反映人类的生存状态，如同一面镜子。A表达人们对过去的好奇、B使人对日常经历感兴趣、C因形式多样而重要，均和段落主旨不符。故选D。 8. 全文围绕艺术长久不变的核心问题展开：创造力的本质、风景这一艺术元素、最重要的永恒问题——何为真实，最后总结艺术的作用。整篇文章探讨艺术的基础核心问题。A艺术史、C艺术的新发展、D现代技术在艺术中的运用，仅仅是局部细节，不能概括全文主旨。故选B。 2、 七选五 【答案】1.D 2.F 3.C 4.B 5.E 【解析】 1. 前文介绍笑的诸多好处，后文给出如何让欢笑融入生活的建议。D选项“但并不是所有人都擅长真诚、自然地笑”，形成转折，起到承上启下的作用，衔接自然。故选D。 2. 本段中心是自嘲。上文建议勇敢分享尴尬时刻，F选项“试着嘲笑自己尴尬的处境，而不是懊悔”，承接上文，贴合本段主旨。故选F。 3. 本段主旨：身边布置有趣的事物让自己放松。前后举例海报、玩具，C选项“选一个能让你开怀大笑的电脑屏保”，属于同类实物例子，句式一致。故选C。 4. 设空处为本段主题句。本段讲述寻找爱笑、有趣的朋友，他们的幽默感具有感染力。B选项“和有趣的人相处”概括整段内容。故选B。 5. 前文建议每天花十分钟寻找乐趣，上网看搞笑视频；后文建议回想听过的笑话、喜剧。E选项“如果身边找不到趣事，就回忆有趣的往事”，顺畅衔接上下文。故选E。 3、 完形填空 【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A 【解析】 1. 根据后文作者抱怨同学不给自己留座位等事情，可知作者抱怨同学不公平对待自己。kindly友善地；commonly通常；unfairly不公平地；impatiently不耐烦地。故选C。 2. 此处是作者吐槽同学，他借走了我的铅笔。borrowed借；liked喜欢；returned归还；broke弄坏。故选A。 3. 妈妈认真地和作者讲道理。quickly快速地；seriously严肃地，认真地；secretly秘密地；happily开心地。故选B。 4. 听到妈妈这番话，作者十分震惊，反驳说是其他孩子的错。satisfied满意的；ashamed羞愧的；shocked震惊的；tired疲惫的。故选C。 5. 作者十分生气，认为无法原谅妈妈。angry生气的；afraid害怕的；nervous紧张的；shy害羞的。故选A。 6. 后文提到同学们不愿意和作者玩耍，度过难熬不顺的一天。hot炎热的；busy忙碌的；noisy吵闹的；rough艰难的，不愉快的。故选D。 7. 作者打算亲身验证妈妈说的话，这是一场针对自身行为的尝试、试验。experiment试验；experience经历；game游戏；battle战斗。故选A。 8. 作者不再期待身边所有人改变行为来迎合自己。forced强迫；advised建议；allowed允许；expected期待。故选D。 9. 作者不再期待别人改变，取而代之，选择改变自己。therefore因此；instead相反，取而代之；though虽然；however然而。故选B。 10. 合理管控情绪改变了一切。witnessed目睹；challenged挑战；destroyed摧毁；changed改变。故选D。 11. 作者不再是受害者，原谅了同学们。forgave原谅；welcomed欢迎；scolded责备；advised建议。故选A。 12. 包容自身的弱点，才能理解并接纳他人的不完美。selfishness自私；impoliteness无礼；weakness弱点；optimism乐观。故选C。 13. 学会接纳他人身上的缺点。find找到；learn学习；accept接受；correct纠正。故选C。 14. 现在作者用这样的方式理解妈妈当初说的话。doubt怀疑；understand理解；recall回忆；oppose反对。故选B。 15. 如果身边所有人都待人友善，那么你大概率就是最善良的那个人。friendly友好的；lucky幸运的；brave勇敢的；confident自信的。故选A。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Humour 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 教材考点概览 词汇 一、阅读词汇： 1. comedy n.喜剧;喜剧片 2. cross talk 相声 3. humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的 4. plot n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 5. accent n.口音 6. imitate vt.模仿 7. facial adj.面部的;脸上的 8. interact vi.交流;交往;相互作用 9. well-being n.舒适;健康;幸福 10. referee n.裁判(员) 11. dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 12. unbalanced adj.不平衡的 13. swing n.挥动，挥舞;秋千/vi.&vt.(使)摆动;(使)转动；荡秋千 14. collapse vi.突然倒下 15. consume vt.消耗;吃;消费 16. confused adj.困惑的 17. saucer n.杯托 18. doorway n.门口，出入口 19. antique n.古董;adj.古时制造的 20. casually adv.漫不经心地;非正式地 21. innocently adv.装作若无其事地;无辜地 22. appetite n.胃口，食欲 23. faithful adj.忠诚的 24. deduce vt.推论，推断 25. astronomy n.天文学 26. galaxy n.星系 27. potentially adv.可能地，潜在地 28. Saturn n.土星 29. Leo n.狮子座 30. scientific adj.科学(上)的 31. measurement n.测量，计量，衡量 32. forecast vt.预测，预报 33. middle-aged adj.中年的 34. surgery n.诊所;外科手术 35. bleed vi.流血，出血 36. sneeze vi. & n.打喷嚏 37. consultation n.就诊;咨询 38. crisis n.危难时刻;危机 39. examine vt.检查 40. announce vt.宣布，宣告 41. afterwards adv.随后，后来 42. circus n.马戏团 43. clown n.小丑 44. muscle n.肌肉 45. physical adj.身体的，肉体的 46. blood vessel 血管 47. psychological adj.心理的，精神的 48. far-reaching adj.影响深远的 49. energise vt.使充满活力;使增强决心 50. immune adj.有免疫力的 51. cell n.细胞 52. infection n.感染;传染 53. incorporate vt.把…并入，包含 54. accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地 55. expense n.费用，花费 56. comedian n.喜剧演员 57. nationality n.国籍 58. episode n.一集 59. purely adv.完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 60. steak n.牛排 61. raw adj.生的 62. chew vi.&vt.咀嚼 63. vase n.花瓶 64. purse n.女用手提包;女式钱包 65. contemporary adj.当代的 66. screenwriter n.影视剧本作家，编剧 67. mostly adv.主要地;大部分 68. clumsy adj.笨拙的，不灵活的 69. amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的 70. creation n.创造物，作品 71. contrary n.正相反，恰恰相反 72. academic adj.学术的 73. scholarship n.奖学金 74. boarding school 寄宿学校 75. attain vt.得到，获得 76. obtain vt.获得，得到 77. electrical engineering 电力(电气)工程学 78. stutter n.结巴，口吃 79. talent n.天资，天赋，才能 80. mirror n.镜子 81. producer n.制作人，制片人 82. rarely adv.很少，难得 83. genius n.天才，天赋;天才人物 84. convinced adj.确信的，信服的 85. unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的 86. agent n.代理人 87. demand vt.要求 88. loosely adv.不严谨地 89. log n.大木头，原木;(事件的)正式记录 90. idiom n.成语 91. politician n.政治家 92. bath n.浴室;vi.洗澡 二、写作词汇： 1. pretend vi.&vt.假装，装作 2. terrified adj.极度惊恐的 3. embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的 4. atmosphere n.大气(层);气氛，氛围，环境 5. scream vi.尖声大叫; n.尖叫声 6. deserve vt.应得，应受到 7. tension n.紧张;焦虑;焦急 8. mood n.心情，情绪 9. whisper vi. &vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 10. blush vi.脸红 11. embarrassment n.窘迫，尴尬 12. encounter vt.遇到 13. amuse vt.使开心;逗笑 14. rely vi.依赖 15. astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 16. significant adj.重要的，重大的 17. enhance vt.增强;改进;提高 18. potential n.潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的 19. universal adj.广泛适用的;共同的，普遍的 20. reputation n.名誉，名望 21. criticize vi.&vt.批评，指责 22. anxious（anxiety）n.焦虑，不安，担心 三、词汇变形： 1. comedy n. 喜剧 → comedian n. 喜剧演员 → tragedy n. 悲剧 → tragedian n. 悲剧演员 2. pretend v. 假装，装作 → pretension n. 假装 3. humor n. 幽默 → humorous adj. 幽默的 4. imitate v. 模仿 → imitative adj. 模仿的 → imitation n. 模仿 5. face v. 面对 /n. 脸 → facial adj. 面部的 6. interact v. 互动 → interactive adj. 互动的 → interaction n. 互动，交流 7. anxiety n. 焦虑 → anxious adj. 焦虑的 8. significant adj. 重要的 → significance n. 重要性，含义 9. enhance vt. 增强，改进 → enhancement n. 提升，改进 10. terrify vt. 使恐怖，使惊吓 → terrified adj. 极度惊恐的 → terrifying adj. 可怕的，极大的 11. dizzy v. 使眩晕，使困惑 /adj.（使人）眩晕的，愚蠢的 → dizziness n. 头昏眼花 12. balance v. 比较，权衡 /n. 均衡，平衡 → balanced adj. 平衡的，平稳的 → unbalanced adj. 不稳定的，不平衡的 13. collapse v.（突然）倒塌，跌倒 /n. 倒闭，倒塌 → collapsible adj. 可折叠的，可拆卸的 14. embarrass v. 使尴尬，给… 出难题 → embarrassed adj. 尴尬的，难堪的 → embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 → embarrassment n. 尴尬，难堪 15. consume v. 消费，吃，喝 → consumption n. 消费，吃，喝 → consumer n. 消费者 16. confuse v. 混淆，使困惑 → confused adj. 糊涂的，难懂的 → confusing adj. 难以理解的 → confusion n. 困惑，混淆，尴尬 17. potential n. 潜力，潜能 /adj. 潜在的，可能的 18. antique n. 古董 /adj. 古老的 → antiquate v. 使废旧 / 古旧 → antiquity n. 古老，古代，古迹 19. casual adj. 漫不经心的，随便的，偶然的 → casualness n. 随便，漫不经心 20. innocent adj. 无辜的，无罪的，清白的 → innocently adv. 漫不经心地，非正式地 → innocence n. 清白，天真无邪 21. faith n. 信任，宗教信仰 → faithful adj. 忠实的，忠诚的 → faithfulness n. 忠诚，正确，诚实 22. deduce vt. 推论，推断 → deductive adj. 演绎的，推论的 → deductively adv. 演绎地，推论地 23. astronomy n. 天文学 → astronomer n. 天文学家 → astronomical adj. 天文学的，极其巨大的 24. science n. 科学 → scientific adj. 科学（上）的 → scientist n. 科学家 25. measure v. 衡量，测量 /n. 措施，相当数量 → measurement n. 量度，分量，尺寸 26. atmosphere n. 大气（层），气氛 → atmospheric adj. 大气的，令人激动的，有魅力的 27. surgery n. 外科手术，诊所 → surgical adj. 外科的，外科手术的 → surgeon n. 外科医生，军医 28. bleed vi. 流血，出血 → bleeder n. 吸血鬼，混蛋 29. consult v. 咨询，商量，查阅 → consultant n. 顾问，会诊医师；consultation n. 咨询，会诊 → consultancy n. 顾问工作，顾问职位 30. examine v. 仔细检查，审查，考核 → examination n. 考试，审查 → examiner n. 主考人，审查人 31. announce vt. 宣布，宣告 → announcer n. 宣告者，播音员 → announcement n. 通告，声明，公布 32. deserve vt. 应得，应受到 → deservedly adv. 应得地，当然地 33. mood n. 心情，情绪 → moody adj. 喜怒无常的，脾气坏的 34. tense adj. 拉紧的，神经紧张的 → tension v. 拉紧 /n. 紧张关系 / 气氛，矛盾，焦虑 35. physical adj. 身体的，物质的 → physically adv. 身体上，依据自然规律地 36. psychology n. 心理学，思想 → psychological adj. 心理的，精神的 → psychologist n. 心理学家 37. energize vt. 使充满活力，使增强信心 → energy n. 精力，力气，能量 → energetic adj. 积极主动的，精力旺盛的 38. immune adj. 有免疫力的 → immunity n. 免除，免疫力 → immunize v. 使免疫，使免除 39. infect v. 传染，使感染 → infectious adj. 传染的，有传染性的 → infection n. 传染，感染，传染病 40. incorporate v. 把… 并入，包含 → incorporation n. 合并，团结 41. blush v. 脸红 → blushy adj. 害羞地 → blusher n. 胭脂 42. accident n. 事故，意外，偶然 → accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的 → accidentally adv. 偶然地，意外地 43. expense n. 费用，花费 → expend v. 花费，消耗 → expensive adj. 昂贵的 44. nation n. 国家，民族 → national adj. 国家的，民族的 /n. 国民 → nationality n. 国籍 45. reputation n. 声誉，名望 → reputable adj. 值得尊敬的，声誉好的 → reputedly adv. 据说根据风评 46. amuse v. 使开心，逗笑 → amusement n. 有趣，可笑 → amusing adj. 有趣的 → amused adj. 愉快的，顽皮的 47. rely v. 依赖 → reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的 48. pure adj. 纯粹的，干净的，纯真的 → purely adv. 完全地，纯粹地，仅仅 → purity n. 纯度，纯洁，纯净 → purify v. 使纯净，净化 49. universal adj. 共同的，普遍的 /n. 普遍原则 → universe n. 宇宙 50. astonish v. 使惊讶，使吃惊 → astonishment n. 惊讶 → astonishing adj. 非常惊人的 → astonished adj. 感到惊讶的，惊奇的 51. contemporary adj. 当代的，同时发生的 → contemporarily adv. 当代地 52. most adv. 最，最多（大），非常 /n. 最大限度，大部分 → mostly adv. 主要地，大部分 53. create v. 创造，创建 → creation n. 创世，创造作品 → creative adj. 有创造力的，创作的 → creativity n. 创造性，创造力 54. academy n. 专科院校，研究院，学会 → academic adj. 学术的，学业的 /n. 大学教师，科研人员 → academician n. 院士，学会成员 55. attain v. 得到，获得 → attainment n. 成就，才能，到达 → attainable adj. 可达到的，可得到的 56. obtain v. 获得，得到 → obtainable adj. 可获得的，可取得的 57. talent n. 天资，天赋，才能 → talented adj. 有才能的，有才干的 → talentless adj. 无能的 58. produce v. 引起，生产 → producer n. 制作人，制片人 → production n. 生产，产量 → productive adj. 富有成效的，多产的 → productivity n. 生产率，生产力 59. rare adj. 稀少的，罕见的 → rarely adv. 很少，难得 → rarefy v. 使稀薄，（思想等）精炼 60. convince v. 使相信，说服 → convinced adj. 确信的，信服的 → convincer n. 说服者 → convincing adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的 61. unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的 → fortunate adj. 幸运的 → fortune n. 财富，幸运 → misfortune n. 不幸，厄运，灾难 62. agent n. 代理人 → agency n. 服务 / 代理 / 经销机构 63. demand v. 强烈要求，需要 /n. 要求，所需之物 → demanding adj. 费时的，劳神的，苛刻的 64. loose adj. 松动的，零散的 /v. 发射（子弹等），松开，释放 → loosely adv. 不严谨地 → loosen v. 变松，放宽 65. criticize v. 批评，指责 → criticism n. 批评，指责 → critic n. 批评家，反对者 → critical adj. 关键的，严重的，批评的 66. idiom n. 成语 → idiomatic adj. 符合语言习惯的，成语的 67. politician n. 政治家 → political adj. 政治的，政党的 → politics n. 政治，权术 → politic adj. 明智的，谨慎的 → politics n. 政治（学） 四、一词多义 1. pretend vi.&vt.假装，装作；自称，妄称 2. consume vt.消耗；吃喝；（情绪）充满（读后续写高分搭配：be consumed with + 情绪） 3. potential n.潜力；adj.潜在的 4. atmosphere n.大气(层)；气氛，氛围 5. encounter vt.遭遇，遇到；n.邂逅，冲突 6. contemporary adj.当代的；n.同代人 7. contrary n.相反；adj.相反的 8. log n.原木；工作日志；vt.记录 五、熟词生义 单词 基础意思 高考生义 significant 重要的，重大的 显著的（形容变化、差异、效果等） universal 普遍的，共同的 通用的；全体适用的 deserve 应得，应受到 活该（用于负面语境，高考阅读高频） expense 费用，花费 以…… 为代价（固定高频搭配：at the expense of） swing 摆动；秋千 转向；（情绪、局势、观点）剧变 measurement 测量，计量 （人体、衣物）尺寸，三围 demand vt. 强烈要求 n. 需求（高考完形高频：supply and demand 供求） plot n.（书、电影）情节 vt. 密谋，策划；n. 小块土地 六、重点短语词块 1. pretend (not) to do sth. 假装（没）做某事；pretend to be doing 假装/声称正在做某事；pretend to have done sth.假装/声称做了某事；pretend that 从句 假装… 2. anxiety over/about …担心…; (with) deep/great anxiety 严重地焦虑，十分焦虑；be anxious about sth/for sb.为某事/某人担心；be anxious to do 渴望做某事；be anxious for sth 渴望得到某物 3. be embarrassed to do sth.做某事很尴尬；be embarrassed at/about 因…感到窘迫/尴尬；to one's embarrassment 令人尴尬的是 4. potential for (doing) sth.（做）某事的可能性；have the potential to do sth.有可能/潜力做某事 5. take measures to do sth=take steps to do sth=take action to do sth 采取措施做某事 6. in a(n)…atmosphere 在…的氛围中 7. announce sth to sb.向某人宣布某事；it's announced that 据宣布；make an announcement 发表公告 8. deserve to do sth 值得做某事；deserve doing=deserve to be done 某事值得被做 9. have an appetite for sth.想得到某物 10. have faith in sth./sb.相信某事/信任某人 11. do a double take 猛吃一惊后定神再看 12. hand over 交出，把…送交 13. be in no mood for sth./to do sth.没心情/不想做某事；in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好 14. feel like sth.想要某物；feel like doing sth.想要做某事 15. whisper in one's ear 对某人耳语；whisper about sth.低声说某事；whisper sth to sb.低声对某人说某事；in a whisper/in whispers 低声地 16. by accident =by chance=accidentally 偶然，意外地；反义词：on purpose=by design 故意地 17. at one's expense 由某人承担费用，嘲笑某人；at the expense of…在牺牲（损害）…的情况下；spare no expense(in doing sth)不惜费用做某事 18. it amuses sb. to do sth.做某事使某人感到好笑；be amused at/by 被…逗乐，因…开心；to one's amusement 令人发笑的是；with/in amusement 愉快地，饶有趣味地 19. rely on/upon it that…指望/相信…；rely on=depend on=count on 依赖，信赖 20. be astonished at/by…对…感到吃惊；to one's astonishment 让某人吃惊的是；in/with astonishment 吃惊地 21. on the contrary 正相反；to the contrary 相反地；be contrary to 与…相反的 22. have a talent for 有…才能/天赋；show a talent for 表现出…的天赋/才能；be talented in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面有天赋；have a gift for 有…的才能 23. be convinced of sth 相信/确信某事；be convinced that 确信/相信；convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事；convince sb. to do 说服某人做某事 24. make a/one's fortune发财，赚大钱；try/seek one's fortune 碰运气/寻找成功致富之路；test one's fortune 给某人算命 25. demand sth. of sb.=demand sth. from sb.要求从某人那里得到某物；demand to do 要求做；demand that从句 要求…（从句用虚拟语气） 26. meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求；in great demand 需求量很大；on demand 按需，一经要求 写作 句型 1. My favourite kind of comedy is when someone plays roles. 我最喜欢的喜剧类型是当有人角色扮演的时候。（when 引导表语从句） 2. I was so embarrassed that I wanted the floor to open up and consume me. 我如此尴尬，以至于希望地板裂个缝把我吞进去。（so+adj.+that …） 3. A famous art collector was walking through the city when he noticed a dirty cat lapping milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store. 一个著名的艺术品收藏家在穿过城市时看见一只脏猫在一家商店门口舔饮浅碟中的牛奶。(be doing ... when ...) 4. It’s almost as if humour is inherent in us. 似乎幽默是我们固有的东西。(as if引导表语从句) 5. It means that it will have a great influence on how we live. 其意思是它将对我们如何生活产生巨大影响。(have an influence on …) 6. We all know that if we are in a bad mood, we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings. 我们都知道如果心情不好，我们可能会表达负面的态度和感情。(be likely to do sth) 语法 1、 进行时态 【语法感知】 ① She was waiting for the bus when it began to rain. ② He had been learning French for two years before he moved to Paris. ③ We have been practicing oral English every day recently. ④ Look! The children are playing football on the playground. ⑤ This time next Friday, I will be travelling in Guilin. 【我的发现】 1. 句①中 was feeling 是______时。 2. 句②中 had been going wrong 是______时。 3. 句③中 have been having 是______时。 4. 句④中 are looking 是______时。 5. 句⑤中 will be working 是______时。 ✅ 参考答案 1. 过去进行 2. 过去完成进行 3. 现在完成进行 4. 现在进行 5. 将来进行 【语法详解】 一、现在进行时 1. 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，其构成形式为：am/is/are + 现在分词。通常与 now, right now, at present, at this moment, today, this week, this month, this year, this term, these days 等表现阶段的时间状语连用。 He is writing a novel now. 他目前正在写一部小说。 2. 表示经常性、重复性或习惯性的动作时，必须与 only, merely, simply, really, fast, rapidly, steadily, forever, all the time, always, constantly, continually, repeatedly 等副词 (短语) 连用。 She is always complaining. 她总是在抱怨。 3. 表示按计划发生或已安排好的要做的事。 此用法只适用于某些表示位置移动的动词，如 go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, spend, sail, meet, fly 等。 The guests are leaving by train tonight. 客人今晚坐火车走。 【即学即练】单句语法填空 ①Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door. ②She ________ always ________ (talk) loudly in public, which annoys others. ③My sister ________ (fly) to Shanghai tomorrow morning. ✅ 参考答案 ①is knocking ②is; talking ③is flying ⚠️特别提醒 (1) 很多汉语句子无 “正在”，翻译成英语却需要使用进行时态。 It is raining heavily. 下大雨了。 How is everything going? 事情进展如何？ (2) 部分动词一般不用于进行时： ①感官 / 情感：hear, see, smell, taste, feel, love, hate, want 等 ②存在 / 所属：exist, have, own, contain, remain 等 ③认知理解：know, understand, believe, remember, think 等 二、过去进行时 1. 表示过去某一时刻 / 阶段正在进行的动作，结构：was/were + doing；常搭配 at that time, at …o’clock yesterday, those days, from…to…(过去时间)。 He was cleaning his car at six o’clock yesterday morning. 昨天早上六点他正在清洗他的车。 2. 表过去反复动作，附带赞赏、厌烦等感情色彩，常与 always/constantly 等连用。 He was always helping others when he was young. 他年轻时总是乐于助人。 3. when/while 引导从句，一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle yesterday. 我弟弟昨天骑自行车时摔倒了。 4. 位移动词（go/come/leave/arrive 等）用于过去进行时，表过去计划将要发生的事。 He said he was starting tomorrow. 他说他打算明天出发。 【即学即练】完成句子 / 语法填空 ① I ________ (read) a book at nine o’clock last night. ② He ________ always ________ (find) faults with me, which made me upset. ③ When the fire broke out, we ________ (have) a meeting. ④ She told me she ________ (leave) for Canada soon. ✅ 参考答案 ①was reading ②was; finding ③were having ④was leaving 三、将来进行时 1. 将来某时刻 / 时间段正在进行；结构：will/shall + be doing；常用 at this time tomorrow, at this time next week。 What will you be doing at eight o’clock this evening? 今晚八点你将会在做什么？ 2. 预测将来的情况与结果。 If we keep working hard like this, we will be making a miracle. 如果持续努力，我们将会创造奇迹。 3. 表计划安排好的动作，语气委婉。 Tomorrow is my day on duty, so I shall not be coming home. 明天我值班，所以不回家。 【即学即练】单句语法填空 ① Don’t call me at 8 p.m. tomorrow. I ________ (attend) a lecture. ② This time next month, we ________ (travel) along the Yangtze River. ③ ________ you ________ (have) lunch with us this Sunday?（委婉询问） ✅ 参考答案 ①will be attending ②will be travelling ③Will; be having 四、现在完成进行时 1. 动作从过去持续到现在（可能继续 / 刚刚结束）；结构 have/has + been doing；搭配 since/for/all day/recently。 I’ve been writing letters all this morning. 我写了一上午信。 2. 过去到现在断断续续重复发生的动作。 That reporter has been contributing articles to this magazine all these years. 这些年来这位记者一直向这家杂志投稿。 【即学即练】完成句子 ① Look! Your eyes are red. ________ you ________ (cry)? ② We ________ (wait) for the bus for nearly one hour. ③ He ________ (collect) stamps since he was ten. ✅ 参考答案 ①Have; been crying ②have been waiting ③has been collecting 五、过去完成进行时 持续到过去某个时间点之前的动作；结构 had + been doing。 After he had been lecturing for half an hour, Professor Brown had a drink of water. 布朗教授讲课半小时之后，喝了一点水。 【即学即练】完成句子 ① He ________ (work) for 10 years before he quit the job. ② My eyes hurt. I ________ (read) novels all night long before dawn came. ③ She was tired. She ________ (clean) the house all day. ✅ 参考答案 ①had been working ②had been reading ③had been cleaning 2、 副词 【语法感知】 ①Mr Bean is an internationally recognised comedy character in films and TV series. ②He has a reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations,which greatly amuses audiences of all nationalities and cultures. ③He opens it to find a birthday card and very happily puts it on the table for everyone to see. ④When the waiters are not looking,however,he busies himself hiding the raw meat anywhere he can reach—the sugar bowl,the tiny flower vase,inside a bread roll and under a plate. ⑤Later,he studied at Newcastle University where he attained the highest marks in his year. 【我的发现】 1.句①中internationally是______副词，修饰过去分词recognised。 2.句②中constantly是______副词，修饰动名词encountering；greatly是______副词，修饰动词amuses。 3.句③中happily是______副词，very是______副词，very修饰副词happily。 4.句④中however是______副词；anywhere是______副词。 5.句⑤中Later是______副词。 ✅ 参考答案 1. 方式 2.方式；程度 3.方式；程度 4.连接；地点 5.时间 【语法详解】 一、副词定义 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或者整个句子，用以说明动作或状态的特征，表达时间、地点、方式、程度、转折等含义。 二、副词的分类 类别 含义 常见示例 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 later, now, yesterday, recently, already, soon 地点副词 表示动作发生的地点、范围 anywhere, here, there, outside, indoors 方式副词 描述动作发生的方式 happily, internationally, constantly, slowly 程度副词 修饰形容词、副词，体现强弱程度 very, greatly, quite, almost, rather 连接副词 连接上下文，表达逻辑关系 however, therefore, besides, meanwhile 三、副词的语法功能 1.修饰动词 He happily accepts the gift. 2.修饰形容词 The film is greatly popular. 3.修饰副词 She runs very quickly. 4.修饰分词（现在分词/过去分词） an internationally known star 5.修饰整个句子 However,we have to give up the plan. 【即学即练】完成句子 根据提示词，使用副词完成句子。 ①.This actor is an________(international)famous star around the world. ②.The funny show________(great)attracts teenagers’attention. ③.He closed the door________(happy)after receiving the good news. ✅ 参考答案 ①.internationally ②.greatly ③.happily 四、副词的比较级与最高级 1. 规则变化 变化规则 示例 一般直接加 -er /-est fast → faster → fastest；hard → harder → hardest 以字母 e 结尾，直接加 -r /-st late → later → latest “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 - er/-est early → earlier → earliest 多音节 / 部分双音节副词，前加 more /most happily → more happily → most happily internationally → more internationally → most internationally 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well（好地） better best badly（糟糕地） worse worst much（大量） more most little（少量） less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 基础用法 1. 比较级：两者对比，常搭配 than He runs faster than me. 2. 最高级：三者及以上对比，常搭配 in /of 范围短语 She sings most beautifully in our class. 【即学即练】单句语法填空 ①Tom speaks English ________ (fluently) than his sister. ②Among all students, Lily writes ________ (carefully). ③The new machine works ________ (well) than the old one. ✅ 参考答案 1. ①more fluently ②most carefully ③better 写作 记叙文写作（幽默小故事） 一、文体认知 幽默小故事属于叙事类记叙文，以第一人称或第三人称讲述一件生活趣事。文章重在完整叙述事件经过，通过反差、误会、滑稽的情节制造喜剧效果；语言生动简洁，结尾常有感悟、反思，适合英语书面表达。 核心特征： ①情节有起伏，存在误会、意外、反转； ②侧重细节描写（动作、心理），烘托幽默氛围； ③叙事线索清晰：开端—发展—高潮（笑点）—结尾。 二、写作妙招点拨 1. 巧用情节反差：预想的情况和真实结果不一致，制造笑点； 2. 增加动作、心理细节描写，避免平铺直叙； 3. 善用铺垫，把意外结局留在文章高潮； 4. 结尾简短升华，不用长篇大论，简单抒发感受； 5. 时态统一：故事主体一般使用一般过去时。 3、 高分句型积累 1. I had never imagined that such a funny thing would happen to me. 我从未想到一件如此有趣的事会发生在我身上。 2. Hardly had I realized what was going on when I felt extremely embarrassed. 我还没弄明白状况，就感到无比尴尬。 3. Just as I was about to …, something unexpected took place. 正当我准备……的时候，意想不到的事情发生了。 4. I was so occupied with … that I failed to notice the strange situation. 我忙着……，完全没有察觉到异样。 5. No sooner had I … than loud laughter burst out around me. 我刚……，周围就爆发出一阵笑声。 6. It turned out that all my efforts ended up being a big joke. 结果证明，我所有的努力最后成了一个大笑话。 7. Though I felt awkward at that moment, this experience has become an unforgettable memory. 虽然那一刻十分窘迫，但这段经历成了难忘的回忆。 四、实战写作训练 根据下面所给的材料，用英文写一篇 80 词左右的幽默小故事。 写作素材： 为了躲避雨天，我撑伞快步赶路，一路上小心翼翼保护头发不被淋湿。到家后对着镜子才发现，我只顾护住头顶，整只后背早已完全湿透。 要求：尽可能运用课堂所学高分句型。 【读懂写作任务】 ①文体：记叙文（幽默小故事，叙事类） ②人称：第一人称 I ③时态：主体使用一般过去时 【搭建文章框架】 第一段（开端）：交代时间、背景，引出事件； 第二段（发展+高潮）：叙述事情经过，重点描写意外、尴尬、充满笑点的场景； 第三段（结尾）：事情结局，抒发个人感受。 【梳理核心表达】 1.I had never imagined that ____________ would happen to me on a rainy day. 2.Just as I was about to ____________, something unexpected took place. 3.I was so occupied with ____________ that I failed to notice ____________. 4.Hardly had I ____________ when I realized my mistake. 5.No sooner had I ____________ than I laughed at myself. 【范文赏析】 I had never imagined that such a funny thing would happen to me on a rainy day. Just as I was about to arrive home, something unexpected took place. I was so occupied with protecting my hair from rain that I failed to notice my wet back. Hardly had I stood in front of the mirror when I realized my mistake. No sooner had I seen my soaking back than I laughed at myself. It turned out that all my efforts ended up being a big joke. Though I felt awkward at that moment, this experience has become an unforgettable memory. 考点夯基攻坚 小题夯基·精准突破 一、根据汉语提示填空。 1. It is ______ (不幸的) that her children are all unmusical. 2. He said the task of reconstruction would ______ (要求) much patience and hard work. 3. We would not ______ (批评) religion or religious freedom. 4. He is one of the best ______ (政治家) in the world. 5. Can you just ______ (假装) you don't know what's going on? 6. He claimed to be an American, but his ______ (口音) gave him away. 7. In order to ______ (增强) market competitiveness, we welcome many comments from consumers favourable or otherwise. 8. He had a healthy ______ (胃口) after he recovered from his operation. 9. The weather ______ (预报) says it will be fine tomorrow, so we don't need to take the umbrella. 10. The economic ______ (危机) in 2000 had a great influence on the whole world. 【答案】1.unfortunate 2.require 3.criticize 4.statesmen 5.pretend 6.accent 7.enhance 8.appetite 9.forecast 10.crisis 二、用单词的适当形式填空。 1. Cross talk is humorous and it is a form of comedy which is performed ______ (humorous). 2. We are not aware of the potential problems, which are ______ (potential) dangerous. 3. He bought some casual clothes; he liked to be ______ (casual) dressed in jeans and a T-shirt. 4. Scientists say that scientific problems should be solved ______ (scientific). 5. He was confused by that question and kept shaking his head ______ (confused). 6. ______ (fortunate), he died in a car accident, which is unfortunate news to us. 7. ______ (rare) have we encountered a great genius with so many talents. 8. That park is ______ I first met her. 9. He is ill again. This is ______ he is absent from class. 10. The politician says that history is a mirror that ______ (true) reflects human progress. 【答案】1.humorously 2.potentially 3.casually 4.scientifically 5.confusedly 6.Unfortunately 7.Rarely 8.where 9.why 10.truly 三、 短语填空 rely on, save…from, nothing like, hand over, be used to, believe in, carry on, on the contrary, deduce from, be in for 选用方框内短语的适当形式填空，每个短语只用一次。 1. The scenes there are ________ what you have seen before. 2. You think you are clever; ________ I think you are very foolish. 3. She always ________ him to deal with difficulties in life. 4. People who say politicians are all the same may ________ a surprise next week. 5. Don’t tell me you still ________ something that doesn’t exist. 6. He used to read in the sun, but now he ________ reading in the library. 7. I’ll telephone and that will ________ me ________ writing a letter. 8. Tell them to ________ with their work as normal. 9. As Mr Jones aged, he decided to ________ charge of his family business to his eldest son. 10. Can we ________ your silence that you do not approve? 【答案】1.nothing like 2.on the contrary 3.relies on 4.be in for 5.believe in 6.is used to 7.save; from 8.carry on 9.hand over 10.deduce from 四、完成句子 1. The movie ________ her teenage years. 这部电影对她的青少年时期影响很大。（考点：influence 的用法） 2. If you keep practicing, ________ your spoken English test. 如果你坚持练习，你很有可能通过英语口语考试。（考点：likely 的用法） 3. The fact is ________. 事实是我没有参加那场活动。（考点：that 引导表语从句） 4. People ________ that the old man had donated all his savings to charity. 人们吃惊地发现那位老人把所有积蓄都捐给了慈善机构。（考点：shocked 的用法） 5. She attends the morning meeting on time every week ________. 她每周都按时参加晨会，除非她出差了。（考点：except when... 句型） 6. The volunteers ________ the upcoming charity sale. 志愿者们在忙着准备即将到来的义卖活动。（考点：busy oneself doing... 句型） 7. Around 2,000 books are stored in this library, ________. 这家图书馆藏有约 2000 本书，其中大多数是文学作品。（考点：“不定代词 + of + 关系代词” 引导的非限制性定语从句） 8. ________ made him change his mind completely. 正是你的劝说和耐心使得他彻底改变了主意。（考点：强调句型） 【答案】1.has a great influence on 2.you are likely to pass 3.that I didn’t take part in the activity 4.were shocked to find 5.except when she is on business 6.busy themselves preparing for 7.most of which are literary works 8.It was your persuasion and patience that 综合攻坚·知能拔高 1、 阅读理解 A Australians are pretty bold(大胆的) when it comes to humour. Not afraid of saying something insulting(冒犯的) in the name of a good laugh, they don’t hold back. This is always done in fun, however. You get yourself a haircut before going to meet your new Aussie friend. You’re expecting to be praised, but what you hear is, “Did you have a fight with a lawnmower(割草机)?” You might take this as an insult, but it’s just your friend’s way of saying that you’ve had a haircut. Your friend comes knocking at your bedroom door one morning to tell you you’re late for class. You stayed up late studying the night before and you look a mess. Your friend thinks you need to put a brush through your hair before leaving, but instead of just saying so he says, “Wow. Your hair looks like a bush pig’s arse.” He’s trying to be nice. Australia is one of the countries on this planet where making fun of someone is a sign of friendship. If you find yourself being made fun of lots, it could be that you’ve scored yourself a whole lot of new friends. Consider yourself lucky—these insults are all parts of building a relationship. Australians also use a lot of sarcasm(讽刺). You foolishly say something that’s obvious(明显的). For example, “A six-pack of beer is named after the number of beers you get in the pack, the number being six.” A normal answer would be “That is the most obvious statement I’ve ever heard”, but an Australian would say, “Really? You’re so clever.” Now let’s say your teacher tells you that there will be a test the following day. Australians might say, “Great. I can’t wait to add preparing for a test to my already long to-do list. Thank you for this gift.” 1. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, Australians try to be humorous ______. A. by telling funny jokes B. by making fun of friends C. by laughing at themselves D. by showing unfriendliness 2. What does the author suggest you do when you are laughed at by an Australian? A. Accept it readily. B. Fight back bravely. C. Mind your behaviour. D. End the relationship. 3. What do Australians want to express by saying “Thank you for this gift.” in the last paragraph? A. Dislike. B. Worry. C. Gladness. D. Thankfulness. 4. How is the text mainly developed? A. By telling stories. B. By making comparisons. C. By providing examples. D. By examining differences. 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 【解析】 1. 文章第二、三段给出了两个生活场景事例：换新发型被朋友调侃、睡乱头发遭到打趣。结合原文第四段“Australia is one of the countries on this planet where making fun of someone is a sign of friendship”能够看出，澳大利亚人习惯通过打趣、开朋友玩笑的方式表达幽默。A选项“讲有趣的笑话”、C选项“自嘲”在文中没有体现；D选项“表现出不友好”和原文“This is always done in fun”相互矛盾。故选B。 2. 根据第四段“If you find yourself being made fun of lots, it could be that you’ve scored yourself a whole lot of new friends. Consider yourself lucky—these insults are all parts of building a relationship”可知，在澳大利亚，别人打趣你是建立友谊的方式，作者建议读者坦然接受这种调侃。B勇敢回击、C注意言行、D断绝关系均不符合原文观点。故选A。 3. 根据第五段首句“Australians also use a lot of sarcasm(讽刺)”可知澳大利亚人经常使用反语。老师通知第二天要考试，学生并不期待额外的备考任务，句子“Thank you for this gift.”是讽刺说法，并不是真心感谢，实际上表达内心的反感。dislike意为反感；worry担心；gladness开心；thankfulness感激。故选A。 4. 通读全文，作者先后列举理发被调侃、乱糟糟的发型被打趣、显而易见的话语、临时通知考试等多个日常生活案例，以此介绍澳大利亚独特的幽默文化。文章主要依靠提供事例推进行文。A讲故事、B作比较、D分析差异均不是文章主要写作方式。故选C。 B Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new force and forms that cause change—to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before. Landscape（风景）is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th century Dutch painters to the 19th century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s, Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotions and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of colour photography（摄影术）to help both the eyes and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom. Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods. Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings. 5. What does the underlined word “poetry” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. An object for artistic creation. B. A collection of poems. C. An unusual quality. D. A natural scene. 6. Why are Leslie’s paintings extraordinary? A. Because they are close in style to works in ancient times. B. Because they look like works by 19th century painters. C. Because they draw attention to common things in life. D. Because they depend heavily on colour photography. 7. What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph? A. They express people’s curiosity about the past. B. They make people interested in everyday experience. C. They are considered important for variety in form. D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation. 8. Which of the following is the main topic of the text? A. History of the arts. B. Basic questions of the arts. C. New developments in the arts. D. Use of modern technology in the arts. 【答案】5.C 6.C 7.D 8.B 【解析】 5. 文章第一段提到艺术家旨在创造全新的力量与形式，做出改变，在别人不曾看见、不曾体会的地方寻找poetry。此处并非指诗歌、实物或者自然风景，而是指一种独特、不凡的美感与特质。A艺术创作物品、B诗集、D自然景色均不符合语境。故选C。 6. 根据第二段内容，Leslie如实地描绘所见之物，画作情绪没有特殊变化，还将公路等普通事物融入背景。他的作品亮点在于关注日常生活里平凡普通的事物。A风格贴近古代作品、B类似19世纪画作原文没有提及；D他只是借助彩色摄影辅助创作，并不是高度依赖摄影，不是画作出众的核心原因。故选C。 7. 最后一段表明，无论古今东西方，艺术都是人类直接体验的重要组成部分，形态多样，共同表达人类基本的需求与期盼。说明艺术能够反映人类的生存状态，如同一面镜子。A表达人们对过去的好奇、B使人对日常经历感兴趣、C因形式多样而重要，均和段落主旨不符。故选D。 8. 全文围绕艺术长久不变的核心问题展开：创造力的本质、风景这一艺术元素、最重要的永恒问题——何为真实，最后总结艺术的作用。整篇文章探讨艺术的基础核心问题。A艺术史、C艺术的新发展、D现代技术在艺术中的运用，仅仅是局部细节，不能概括全文主旨。故选B。 2、 七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Best Medicine: Laughter Laughter is the best medicine. It helps solve problems, improve relationships, and support both physical and emotional health. 1 Read the following suggestions and learn to make laughter part of your life. Laugh at yourself. This is one of the biggest differences between happy people and unhappy people. It communicates to both you and the people around you that it’s no big deal. So be brave enough to share your embarrassing moments. 2 When something negative happens, try to make it a humorous story that will make you and others laugh. Surround yourself with amusing reminders to lighten up. Put up a funny poster in your office. Keep a toy on your desk or in your car. 3 Frame photos of you and your family or friends having fun. All of these are good resources of laughter. ____4 Even if you don’t consider yourself a humorous person, you can still seek out new friends who are ready to laugh and who can make you laugh. These are people who find humour in everyday events. Their playful points of view and laughter are contagious(富有感染力的). When you are around them, you’ll be more likely to laugh too. Don’t spend a day without laughing. Set aside 10 minutes each day to do something that amuses you. You can watch some humorous videos or look at some funny photos online. 5 Try thinking back to a joke you heard or read, or a comedy you watched. As long as you have a joyful heart and purposely make time to laugh, you’ll be amazed at how differently you will begin to view your job, your family, your relationships and yourself. A. Try to be a lightening person. B. Spend time with funny people. C. Choose a computer screensaver that makes you laugh. D. But not everyone is good at laughing genuinely and accurately. E. If you can’t find any humour at hand, recall something funny. F. Attempt to laugh at your awkward situations rather than regret them. G. Go to a humorous play or see a film that can make you burst out laughing. 【答案】1.D 2.F 3.C 4.B 5.E 【解析】 1. 前文介绍笑的诸多好处，后文给出如何让欢笑融入生活的建议。D选项“但并不是所有人都擅长真诚、自然地笑”，形成转折，起到承上启下的作用，衔接自然。故选D。 2. 本段中心是自嘲。上文建议勇敢分享尴尬时刻，F选项“试着嘲笑自己尴尬的处境，而不是懊悔”，承接上文，贴合本段主旨。故选F。 3. 本段主旨：身边布置有趣的事物让自己放松。前后举例海报、玩具，C选项“选一个能让你开怀大笑的电脑屏保”，属于同类实物例子，句式一致。故选C。 4. 设空处为本段主题句。本段讲述寻找爱笑、有趣的朋友，他们的幽默感具有感染力。B选项“和有趣的人相处”概括整段内容。故选B。 5. 前文建议每天花十分钟寻找乐趣，上网看搞笑视频；后文建议回想听过的笑话、喜剧。E选项“如果身边找不到趣事，就回忆有趣的往事”，顺畅衔接上下文。故选E。 3、 完形填空 We did homework in the kitchen while my mum cooked. Usually, I complained about my classmates treating me 1. ______. “She didn’t even save me a seat.” or “He 2. ______ my pencil.” One afternoon during my emotion-release time, my mum turned to me and said 3. ______, “If everyone around you is being a stupid person, then it is you who are behaving like the most stupid one of all.” I was 4. ______ and argued that it was the faults of other kids. I felt so 5. ______ that I didn’t think I could ever forgive my mum. But a week later, after a 6. ______ day when my classmates refused to play with me, I decided to see if Mum was right in action. It was a(n) 7. ______ with my own behaviour. That Monday at school, I no longer 8. ______ everyone there to change their behaviour to fit me. 9. ______, I tried to change myself. Properly managing my emotions 10. ______ everything. I no longer felt like I was a victim(受害者), but a victor. I 11. ______ my classmates. Tolerance(宽容) in our own 12. ______ helps us recognise and 13. ______ the imperfections in others. Now I 14. ______ my mum’s words in this way, “If everyone around you is 15. ______, chances are that you are the kindest of all.” 1 A. kindly B. commonly C. unfairly D. impatiently 2 A. borrowed B. liked C. returned D. broke 3 A. quickly B. seriously C. secretly D. happily 4 A. satisfied B. ashamed C. shocked D. tired 5 A. angry B. afraid C. nervous D. shy 6 A. hot B. busy C. noisy D. rough 7 A. experiment B. experience C. game D. battle 8 A. forced B. advised C. allowed D. expected 9 A. Therefore B. Instead C. Though D. However 10 A. witnessed B. challenged C. destroyed D. changed 11 A. forgave B. welcomed C. scolded D. advised 12 A. selfishness B. impoliteness C. weakness D. optimism 13 A. find B. learn C. accept D. correct 14 A. doubt B. understand C. recall D. oppose 15 A. friendly B. lucky C. brave D. confident 【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A 【解析】 1. 根据后文作者抱怨同学不给自己留座位等事情，可知作者抱怨同学不公平对待自己。kindly友善地；commonly通常；unfairly不公平地；impatiently不耐烦地。故选C。 2. 此处是作者吐槽同学，他借走了我的铅笔。borrowed借；liked喜欢；returned归还；broke弄坏。故选A。 3. 妈妈认真地和作者讲道理。quickly快速地；seriously严肃地，认真地；secretly秘密地；happily开心地。故选B。 4. 听到妈妈这番话，作者十分震惊，反驳说是其他孩子的错。satisfied满意的；ashamed羞愧的；shocked震惊的；tired疲惫的。故选C。 5. 作者十分生气，认为无法原谅妈妈。angry生气的；afraid害怕的；nervous紧张的；shy害羞的。故选A。 6. 后文提到同学们不愿意和作者玩耍，度过难熬不顺的一天。hot炎热的；busy忙碌的；noisy吵闹的；rough艰难的，不愉快的。故选D。 7. 作者打算亲身验证妈妈说的话，这是一场针对自身行为的尝试、试验。experiment试验；experience经历；game游戏；battle战斗。故选A。 8. 作者不再期待身边所有人改变行为来迎合自己。forced强迫；advised建议；allowed允许；expected期待。故选D。 9. 作者不再期待别人改变，取而代之，选择改变自己。therefore因此；instead相反，取而代之；though虽然；however然而。故选B。 10. 合理管控情绪改变了一切。witnessed目睹；challenged挑战；destroyed摧毁；changed改变。故选D。 11. 作者不再是受害者，原谅了同学们。forgave原谅；welcomed欢迎；scolded责备；advised建议。故选A。 12. 包容自身的弱点，才能理解并接纳他人的不完美。selfishness自私；impoliteness无礼；weakness弱点；optimism乐观。故选C。 13. 学会接纳他人身上的缺点。find找到；learn学习；accept接受；correct纠正。故选C。 14. 现在作者用这样的方式理解妈妈当初说的话。doubt怀疑；understand理解；recall回忆；oppose反对。故选B。 15. 如果身边所有人都待人友善，那么你大概率就是最善良的那个人。friendly友好的；lucky幸运的；brave勇敢的；confident自信的。故选A。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $