内容正文:
Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
主题一:身体不适、疾病与健康状况
1.____________ (咳嗽) ___________________(他咳嗽得很厉害。)
2.____________ (发烧) ___________________(她发高烧。)
3.____________ ((发炎)疼痛的;酸痛的) ___________________(我的喉咙疼。)
4. ____________(咽喉;喉咙) ___________________(我喉咙痛。)
5.____________ (体温;温度) ___________________(请量一下你的体温。)
6. ____________((身体某部位的)疼痛) ___________________(我胃疼。)
7.____________ (胃) ___________________(我的胃不舒服。)
8. ____________(健康状况;状态) ___________________(他健康状况良好。)
9. ____________(健壮的;健康的) ___________________(运动使你保持健康。)
10. ____________(更差的;更糟的;更坏的) ___________________(他的病情变得更严重了。)
11. ____________(传播;散布) _______________________________(这种疾病传播很快。)
主题二:药品、医疗物品
主题二:药品、医疗物品
1.____________ (药,药物;医学) ___________________(这个药一天吃三次。)
2.____________ (药丸;药片) _______________________________(饭后吃一粒药片。)
主题三:食物、食材、零食
1.____________ (糖;食糖) ___________________(不要加太多糖。)
2. ____________ (汉堡包) ___________________(我不太喜欢汉堡包。)
3. ____________ (炸薯条) ___________________(孩子们爱吃炸薯条。)
4. ____________ (猪肉) ___________________(我们晚饭经常吃猪肉。)
5. ____________ (胡椒粉) ___________________(汤里放一点胡椒粉。)
6. ____________ (点心;小吃;快餐) ___________________(吃太多零食不好。)
7. ____________ (巧克力) ___________________(这盒巧克力是给你的。)
8. ____________ (曲奇饼) ___________________(她正在吃一些曲奇饼。)
9. ____________ (冰激凌) ___________________(我想要一个冰激凌。)
10. ____________ (马铃薯;土豆) ___________________(土豆是我最爱的蔬菜。)
11. ____________ (玉米;(小麦等)谷物) ___________________(玉米对我们健康有益。)
12. ____________ (糖果;巧克力) ___________________(太多糖果对牙齿不好。)
13. ____________ (饼干) ___________________(他每天早上吃一块饼干。)
14. ____________ (牛肉) ___________________(牛肉给我们很多能量。)
15. ____________ (黄瓜) ___________________(比起西红柿我更喜欢黄瓜。)
16. ____________ (豆;豆荚) _______________________________(豆类是健康食物。)
主题四:饮食、体重与生活方式
1.____________ (苗条的) ___________________(她又高又苗条。)
2. ____________ (日常饮食) ___________________(健康的日常饮食很重要。)
3. ____________ (重量) ___________________(他想要减肥。)
4. ____________ (冰箱) ___________________(冰箱里有一些牛奶。)
5. ____________ (较喜欢) ___________________(比起糖果我更喜欢水果。)
6. ____________ (端上;接待;服务) _______________________________(请给我们端上一些水果。)
主题五:运动、爱好、人物情绪性格
1.____________ (排球运动) ___________________(我们放学后打排球。)
2. ____________ (精力;能源;能量) ___________________(运动能带给我们很多精力。)
3. ____________ (积极乐观的;正面的) ___________________(保持积极乐观的心态。)
4. ____________ (益处;优势) ___________________(运动有许多益处。)
5. ____________ (业余爱好) ___________________(阅读是我的业余爱好。)
6. ____________ (羞怯的;腼腆的) ___________________(这个小女孩很腼腆。)
7. ____________ (懒惰的;懒散的) ___________________(不要懒惰,多做运动。)
8. ____________ (高兴;愉快) ___________________(见到你我很高兴。)
9. ____________ (很生气;气愤) _______________________________(他生我的气。)
主题六:校园生活、行为状态
1.____________ (缺席;不在) ___________________(他昨天上课缺席了。)
2. ____________ (片刻;瞬间) ___________________(稍等片刻。)
3. ____________ (好像,似乎) ___________________(你看起来好像很累。)
4. ____________ (空的;无意义的) ___________________(这个盒子是空的。)
5. ____________ (日记;日记簿) ___________________(我每天写日记。)
6. ____________ (集中(注意力、精力等)) ___________________(请把注意力集中在学习上。)
7. ____________ (方法;办法;措施) ___________________(这是一个好的学习方法。)
8. ____________ (匆忙;急忙) _______________________________(不用着急。)
主题七:物品、感官、连词
1.____________ (屏幕;荧屏) ___________________(不要看屏幕太久。)
2. ______________(气味;嗅觉) ___________________(多么好闻的气味!)
3.______________ (虽然;尽管;即使)
_______________________________(尽管他很累,仍然坚持锻炼。)
短
语
1._________________(量体温) ___________________(当你感觉不舒服时应该量体温。)
2. _________________(失声;嗓子哑) ___________________(他因为重感冒嗓子哑了。)
3. _________________(发烧) ___________________(这个小男孩发烧了,需要休息。)
4. _________________(服药) ___________________(请饭后服药。)
5. _________________(立刻;马上) ___________________(你必须马上去看医生。)
6. _________________(熬夜) ___________________(熬夜对你的健康有害。)
7. _________________(远离……) ___________________(我们应该远离垃圾食品。)
8. _________________(做运动) ___________________(我每天早上做运动保持健康。)
9. _________________(保持健康) ___________________(良好饮食帮你保持健康。)
10. _________________(对…… 有害) ___________________(吃太多糖对你的牙齿有害。)
11. _________________(更糟糕的是) ___________________(他感冒了,更糟糕的是,他还发烧。)
12. _________________(减肥) ___________________(很多青少年想用健康的方式减肥。)
13. _________________(摆脱) ___________________(尽力摆脱你的不良生活习惯。)
14._________________ (心情愉快) ___________________(听音乐可以让你心情愉快。)
15. _________________(与某人交流) ___________________(你需要多和你的父母交流。)
16._________________ (过幸福的生活) ___________________(每个人都希望过幸福的生活。)
17. _________________(度过;通过) ___________________(朋友可以帮你度过艰难的时光。)
18. _________________(一点也不;根本不) ___________________(我一点也不累。)
19. _________________(一来,一方面) ___________________(一来它很便宜,二来它很实用。)
20.____________ (另一方面) ___________________(一来运动强健我们的身体,二来它使我们放松。)
21. _____________(另一方面) ___________________(另一方面,过长的屏幕使用时间是有害的。)
22. ______________(在某人看来) ___________________(在我看来,我们应该把健康放在第一位。)
23. _________________(做某事的好方法) ___________________(做运动是放松的好方法。)
24._________________ (写日志) ___________________(写日志是记录你感受的好方法。)
25. _________________(确保做某事) ___________________(确保每晚有充足睡眠。)
26. _________________(专注于) ___________________(你应当关注自己的健康。)
27. _________________(开始从事;占用)
____________________________________(他开始跑步来保持健康。)
实
用
交
际
句
型
情景一:询问身体不适、描述病情(看病交际)
1.____________________________________(你怎么了?我喉咙疼。)
2.____________________________________(我发烧了。)
3.____________________________________(我刚量了体温,我发烧了。)
4.____________________________________(我感觉很难受,还胃疼。)
5.____________________________________(你什么时候开始疼的?)
6.____________________________________(你什么时候开始疼的?— 大约一小时前。)
7.____________________________________(这里疼吗?)
8.____________________________________(我咳嗽得厉害,嗓子哑了。)
9.____________________________________(我咳嗽得厉害,嗓子哑了。)
情景二:安慰对方(听到不好消息)
1.____________________________________(听到这件事我很难过。)
2.____________________________________(我发高烧。)
3.____________________________________(听到这个消息我很难过。)
情景三:看病问诊、医生检查诊断
1.____________________________________(让我给你检查一下。)
2.____________________________________(你午饭吃了什么?)
3.____________________________________(你吃太多垃圾食品,这一点也不健康。)
情景四:提出建议(健康生活,单元高频)
1.____________________________________(你需要做某事。)
2.____________________________________(你需要休息,吃点药。)
3.____________________________________(你应该 / 不应该做某事。)
4.____________________________________(你不应该熬夜。)
5.____________________________________(我们最好(不)做某事。)
6.____________________________________(我们最好每天锻炼身体。)
7.____________________________________(我们为什么不做某事呢?)
8.____________________________________(晚饭后我们为什么不出去散散步?)
9.____________________________________(你不必做某事。)
10.____________________________________(你不必吃太多糖。)
语法
(1) 常见否定前缀:non-,dis-,un, mis,in-,im-
(二)need的用法(need to do/don't need to do/needn't do)
写作
健康生活方式
一、知识点精讲
知识点1. What’s wrong with you? I just took my temperature. I have a fever.(你怎么了?我刚量了体温。我发烧了。)(P38)
讲:①“What’s wrong with you?” 是询问他人身体不适或遇到问题的核心特殊疑问句,句型为 “What’s wrong with + 宾语(sb./sth.)?”,“wrong” 为形容词,表 “有毛病的、不适的”;
②“take my temperature” 是固定短语,“take” 表 “进行(动作)”,“temperature” 为不可数名词,“my” 需根据主语替换为 “your/his/her” 等形容词性物主代词;
③“have a fever” 是 “患发烧” 的固定搭配,“have + a + 疾病名称” 是英语表达 “患病” 的常用结构(如 “have a headache”“have a toothache”),“fever” 为可数名词,此处用单数。
例句:What’s wrong with your sister? She took her temperature and said she had a fever.(你妹妹怎么了?她量了体温,说自己发烧了。)
拓展:
常见的生病/看病用语
①询问病情常用语:
②表示生病的短语:
③当得知某人生病或住院时,常用“I’m sorry to hear that.”来回应。
④询问别人现在病情如何时,常用“How are you feeling now?”;当表示“好多了”时常用“Much better./Fine./I’m feeling quite well now.”来回答。
知识点2. I have a bad cough. I need to take some cough medicine.(我咳嗽得很严重。我需要吃些咳嗽药。)(P38)
讲:①“have a bad cough” 中,“bad” 为形容词,修饰 “cough”(名词,表 “咳嗽”),“bad cough” 意为 “严重的咳嗽”;
【用法详解】have a/an +疾病名称
______________感冒 ________________发烧
__________________咳嗽
have a/an +身体部位-ache
_____________头痛 _________________胃痛
_____________牙痛
have a sore +身体部位
_________________背疼 _______________喉咙疼
主语+hurt (s) / cut (s) + 身体部位 / 反身代词
He hurts himself.
患病的表达方式
【注意】have the flu 患流感
例句:He has a bad cough, so he needs to take some cough medicine and drink more water.(他咳嗽得很严重,所以需要吃些咳嗽药,多喝些水。)
辨析:“take medicine”“have medicine” 均表 “吃药”,可互换;但 “take” 更常用,且 “take + 具体药物名称” 时需加 “the”,如 “take the cough medicine”(吃这种咳嗽药),而 “some cough medicine” 中 “some” 后不加 “the”。
知识点3. Wang Junfeng spends too much time on phone games.(王俊峰花太多时间玩手机游戏。)(P39)
讲:①“spends too much time on phone games” 是 “spend + 时间 + on sth.” 的固定结构,“spend” 表 “花费(时间 / 金钱)”,主语必须是人,时态为一般现在时,主语 “Wang Junfeng” 是第三人称单数,故 “spend” 用 “spends”;
拓展:“四个花费”(pay, cost, spend与take)
单词
用法
结构
pay
花钱,主语是人
某人花多少钱买某物
cost
花钱,主语是物
某物花了某人多少钱
spend
花钱/时间,主语是人
某人在某物上花费时间/金钱.
某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事
take
花时间,it作形式主语
做某事花费某人多长时间
►I spent 100 yuan on the present. 我花了100元买这件礼物。
►It took me 20 minutes to get to school. 我花了20分钟到达学校。
►We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 这顿饭我们花了150元。
►The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan. 这个书包花了我50元。
②“too much” 是限定词,表 “太多”,仅修饰不可数名词(如 “time”“money”),区别于 “too many”(修饰可数名词复数);
【易混辨析】重点:too much, too many与much too
too much
副词词组,表示“……得太多”,修饰动词
形容词词组,表示“太多”,修饰__________(可数/不可数)名词
too many
形容词词组,表示“太多”,修饰__________(可数/不可数)名词
much too
副词词组,表示“太……”,修饰形容词或副词
Eg.There is too much noise in the market. 市场里有太多噪音。
Too many people came to visit him every day. 每天都有太多人来拜访他。
The coat is much too dear. I can’t afford it. 这件外套太贵了,我买不起。
知识点4. I feel very sick and have a stomachache.(我感觉很不舒服,而且肚子疼。)(P40)
讲:①“feel very sick” 中,“feel” 是系动词,后接形容词 “sick” 作表语,“sick” 表 “身体不适的、恶心的”,可用于描述各种轻微或严重的身体不舒服;
辨析:“sick” 与 “ill” 的区别:
①“sick” 可作表语(如 “I feel sick”)和定语(如 “a sick man”),表 “生病的、恶心的”;
②“ill” 仅作表语(如 “I am ill”),不可作定语(不可说 “an ill man”),表 “生病的”,语气比 “sick” 稍重。
知识点5. You ate too much junk food. It is not healthy at all.(你吃了太多垃圾食品。它一点也不健康。)(P40)
讲:①“junk food” 是不可数名词短语,表 “垃圾食品”,指高热量、低营养的食物(如汉堡、薯条),无复数形式,前面不可加 “a/an”,可用 “some/much/too much” 修饰;
②“not healthy at all” 中,“not...at all” 是固定短语,表 “一点也不……”,用于加强否定语气,“at all” 需置于句末,“healthy” 是形容词,表 “健康的”,其反义词是 “unhealthy”(加前缀 “un-” 构成否定)。
例句:Eating too much junk food is not healthy at all, so we should eat less of it.(吃太多垃圾食品一点也不健康,所以我们应该少吃。)
拓展:“not...at all” 的用法:
① 用于否定句,修饰形容词、副词或动词,如 “He doesn’t like math at all”(他一点也不喜欢数学);
② 口语中可简化为 “not at all”,用于回答感谢(表 “不客气”)或道歉(表 “没关系”),如 “Thank you!”—“Not at all!”(“谢谢!”—“不客气!”)。
知识点6. You need to take a rest and take some pills.(你需要休息一下,还要吃些药片。)(P40)
讲:①“take a rest” 是固定短语,表 “休息一下”,等同于 “have a rest”;
take的用法(
意义
常见结构/短语/例句
拿,取
take sth./sb. to sp. 带某物/某人到某地
take away拿走,带走
take off脱下(衣物);突然离开;(飞机)起飞
花费时间
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.
做某事花费(某人)多少时间
吃,喝,服用
The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. 医生让我一天吃三次药。
乘(车、船等)
take a/the bus乘坐公共汽车
选中;买下;租用
I’ll take the white jacket. 我要那件白色夹克衫。
接受,采纳
take one’s advice 采纳某人的建议
做……事情,与名词连用
take a rest/break 休息一下
take a risk 冒险
take a walk 散步
知识点7. Pingping and Yining both love sports a lot. Unlike her, Yining is shy.(平平和伊宁都非常喜欢运动。和她不同,伊宁很害羞。)(P42)
讲:①“both” 是代词 / 形容词,语,表 “两者都”,需置于实义动词前、系动词 / 情态动词后,如 “They both are students”(系动词后)、“They both like sports”(实义动词前);
②“Unlike her” 中,“unlike” 是介词,表 “和…… 不同”,后接名词 / 代词(如 “her” 指代 “Pingping”),不可接句子,区别于 “unlike” 作形容词(表 “不同的”,如 “unlike ideas”);
例句:Tom and Jim both like playing basketball. Unlike Tom, Jim is shy and doesn’t like talking to others.(汤姆和吉姆都喜欢打篮球。和汤姆不同,吉姆很害羞,不喜欢和别人说话。)
拓展:表 “两者都不” 用 “neither”,表 “两者中的一个” 用 “either”,如 “Neither of them likes swimming”(他们俩都不喜欢游泳)、“Either you or he can go”(要么你去,要么他去)。
8. Exercise is good for us in many ways. For one thing, it can help build a strong body. For another, it is a good way to rest and relax our minds.(运动在很多方面对我们有好处。一方面,它能帮助我们塑造强壮的身体。另一方面,它是休息和放松大脑的好方法。)(P43)
讲:①“be good for” ,表 “对…… 有好处”,其反义词短语是 “be bad for”(对…… 有害);
be good短语小结
短语
意义及用法
be good at
“擅长……”,be good at sth./doing sth.=do well in sth./doing sth.“擅长某事/做某事”。其反义词组为be weak in sth./be poor at (sth./doing sth.)在某方面/做某事方面差/弱。
be good with
“与……相处融洽;善于应付……的”,与get on/along well with同义,后常接表示人的名词或代词。
be good for
“对……有好处”,其反义词组为be bad for。
be good to
“对……友好”,相当于be friendly/kind to,后接名词或代词。
如:①He’s good at dealing with pressure. 他善于应对压力。
②I’m good with my classmates. 我与我的同学关系融洽。
③It’s probably good for you to make some mistakes. 犯些错误或许对你有好处。
④He is very good to me. 他对我非常友好。
②“in many ways” 是介词短语,表 “在很多方面”,“ways” 此处表 “方面、方式”;
③“For one thing...For another...” ,表 “一方面…… 另一方面……”,用于列举同一事物的两个不同方面,两个短语后均需接完整句子;
④“help build a strong body” 中,“help (to) do sth.” 是固定搭配,“to” 可省略,“build a strong body” 表 “塑造强壮的身体”。
例句:Reading is good for us in many ways. For one thing, it can help us learn knowledge. For another, it can make us feel relaxed.(阅读在很多方面对我们有好处。一方面,它能帮助我们学习知识。另一方面,它能让我们感到放松。)
辨析:“For one thing...For another...” 与 “On one hand...On the other hand...” 的区别:前者用于列举同一事物的两个相关方面(多为积极方面);后者可用于列举同一事物的两个对立方面,如 “On one hand, playing phone games is fun; on the other hand, it’s bad for eyes.”(一方面,玩手机游戏很有趣;另一方面,它对眼睛不好。)
知识点9. When you plan to do exercise, here are some tips for you.(当你计划做运动时,这里有一些给你的建议。)(P43)
讲:①“plan to do sth.” 表 “计划做某事”;
②“do exercise” 是固定短语,表 “做运动”,等同于 “do sports”;
例句:When you plan to learn English, here are some tips for you: read more and speak more.(当你计划学英语时,这里有一些给你的建议:多读、多说。)
拓展:“here be” 句型的用法:
① 主语是单数时用 “here is”,如 “Here is a tip for you”;
② 主语是复数时用 “here are”;
③ 若主语是代词,需用正常语序,如 “Here it is”(它在这儿),不可说 “Here is it”。
知识点10. In my opinion, staying positive has amazing benefits.(在我看来,保持积极心态有惊人的好处。)(P44)
讲:①“In my opinion” 是插入语,表 “在我看来”,用于表达个人观点,可置于句首、句中或句末(句中 / 末需用逗号隔开),如 “Staying positive, in my opinion, has amazing benefits.”;
②“staying positive” 是动名词短语作主语,动名词(doing)作主语时,谓语动词需用单数形式,故 “has” 用第三人称单数;
③“benefits” 是 “benefit”(好处、益处)的复数形式,“benefit” 为可数名词,“amazing”(形容词,表 “惊人的”)修饰 “benefits”,表 “惊人的好处”。
例句:In my opinion, getting up early has many benefits for our health.(在我看来,早起对我们的健康有很多好处。)
拓展:表达个人观点的类似短语还有 “From my point of view”(语气稍正式)、“I think”(最常用,后接宾语从句)、“I believe”(表 “我相信”,语气比 “I think” 强),如 “From my point of view, doing sports every day is necessary.”(在我看来,每天做运动很有必要。)
知识点11. I am never absent from the football matches in my school.(我从不错过学校的足球比赛。)(P44)
讲:“be absent from” 是固定短语,表 “缺席……、不在……”,“absent” 是形容词,表 “缺席的、不在场的”,其反义词是 “present”(在场的);
例句:He is never absent from class, so he always gets good grades.(他从不上课缺席,所以总是取得好成绩。)
拓展:“absent” 的名词形式是 “absence”,搭配 “the absence of”(缺乏……),如 “The absence of exercise is bad for health.”(缺乏运动对健康有害。)
知识点12. Let’s talk about food and healthy diet. Fruit and vegetables are healthy. You need to eat them every day.(让我们谈论一下食物和健康饮食吧。水果和蔬菜是健康的。你需要每天吃它们。)(P48)
讲:①“Let’s talk about...” 是祈使句,表 “让我们谈论…… 吧”,“Let’s”=“Let us”,后接动词原形;
②“talk about” 是固定短语,表 “谈论……”,后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词。
例句:Let’s talk about healthy habits. We need to sleep early every night.(让我们谈论一下健康习惯吧。我们需要每天晚上早睡。)
辨析:“need to do sth.” 与 “needn’t do sth.” 的区别:
①“need to do sth.” 中 “need” 是实义动词,有人称 / 时态变化,如 “He needs to study hard”(第三人称单数)、“They needed to go yesterday”(过去时);
②“needn’t do sth.” 中 “need” 是情态动词,无人称 / 时态变化,仅用于否定句和疑问句,如 “Need I go now?”(疑问句)、“You needn’t worry.”(否定句)。
知识点13. We both live healthy lifestyles. I enjoy running and playing soccer. My sister prefers swimming and basketball.(我们都过着健康的生活方式。我喜欢跑步和踢足球。我妹妹更喜欢游泳和打篮球。)(P49)
讲:①“enjoy doing sth.” ,表 “喜欢做某事”,“enjoy” 后接动名词,不可接不定式(不可说 “enjoy to run”)
②“prefer doing sth.” 表 “更喜欢做某事”,“prefer” 后接动名词或名词,其比较级含义隐含 “与其他事物相比”,如 “prefer swimming”=“like swimming better”。
例句:My parents both live healthy lifestyles. My father enjoys hiking, and my mother prefers yoga.(我父母都过着健康的生活方式。我爸爸喜欢徒步旅行,我妈妈更喜欢瑜伽。)
辨析:“enjoy doing sth.” 与 “prefer doing sth.” 的区别:
①“enjoy” 仅表 “喜欢”,无比较含义;
②“prefer” 表 “更喜欢”,隐含 “与其他选项对比”,还可用于 “prefer A to B”(比起 B 更喜欢 A),如 “She prefers tea to coffee”(比起咖啡,她更喜欢茶)。
知识点14. Though we choose different sports and food, we both care about being healthy.(虽然我们选择不同的运动和食物,但我们都关心保持健康。)(P49)
讲:“Though” 是让步连词,表 “虽然、尽管”,引导让步状语从句,不可与 “but” 同时使用(英语中 “though/although” 与 “but” 不能连用),如不可说 “Though we are tired, but we keep working”;
例句:Though he is busy, he still cares about his family’s health.(虽然他很忙,但他仍然关心家人的健康。)
拓展:“though” 与 “although” 的区别:
① 两者含义相同,可互换;
②“though” 可用于句末,表 “不过、然而”,如 “He is young. He is experienced, though.”(他很年轻,不过很有经验。);“although” 不可用于句末。
choose
如:①Many students choose to get further education at home instead of going abroad. 许多学生选择在国内接受进一步教育,而不是出国。
②He had no choice but to depend on himself at that moment.当时他别无选择,只能依靠自己。
知识点15. Eat more vegetables and fruit. Do more exercise.(多吃蔬菜和水果。多做运动。)(P51)
讲:①两句均为祈使句,祈使句以动词原形开头,表 “命令、建议、邀请” 等,此处表 “建议”;
②“more” 是 “many/much” 的比较级,表 “更多的”,修饰可数名词复数 “vegetables and fruit”(“fruit” 此处泛指 “水果”,为不可数名词,若表 “多种水果”,可加 “s” 为 “fruits”)和不可数名词 “exercise”(“exercise” 表 “运动” 时不可数,表 “练习题” 时可数);
例句:Eat more apples and bananas. Do more running every morning.(多吃苹果和香蕉。每天早上多跑步。)
拓展:祈使句的否定形式在动词原形前加 “don’t”,如 “Don’t eat too much junk food.”(不要吃太多垃圾食品。);若表 “禁止”,可加 “never”,如 “Never stay up late.”(永远不要熬夜。)。
知识点16. It started in 2004 when a group of friends wanted to have a running event in London, England.(它始于 2004 年,当时一群朋友想在英国伦敦举办一场跑步活动。)(P53)
讲:①“started in 2004” 中,“started” 是 “start” 的过去式,表 “开始”,“in 2004” 是时间状语,具体年份前用介词 “in”;
②“a group of friends” 是名词短语,“a group of” 表 “一群……”,后接可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词可用单数或复数(侧重 “整体” 用单数,侧重 “个体” 用复数),
③“have a running event” 中,“running” 是动名词作定语修饰 “event”,表 “跑步活动”。
例句:The school started a sports club in 2020 when a group of teachers wanted to help students keep healthy.(学校在 2020 年成立了一个体育俱乐部,当时一群老师想帮助学生保持健康。)
拓展:“a group of” 的类似短语还有 “a pair of”(一双 / 一对……)、“a team of”(一队……)、“a class of”(一班……),如 “A pair of shoes is on the desk”(一双鞋在桌子上,“pair” 是单数,谓语用 “is”)。
2、 单元语法
(一)常见否定前缀:non-,dis-,un,mis,in-,im-
前缀
含义
搭配对象
语境特点
例词
non-
非、无
(类别否定)
名词、形容词
正式,学术 / 科技领域
①smoker吸烟者→ non-smoker不吸烟者
②stop停止→ non-stop直达的,不停的
dis-
相反、否定
(动作逆转)
动词、形容词、名词
通用,强调 “反向动作”
①agree同意→ disagree不同意
②appear出现→ disappear消失
un-
否定、相反
(通用否定)
形容词、动词、副词
最常用,口语 / 书面语
①happy开心的→ unhappy不开心的
②able能的→ unable不能的
mis-
错误、不当
(动作失误)
动词、少数名词
强调 “失误” 而非 “否定”
①understand理解→ misunderstand误解
②lead引导→ mislead误导
in-
否定
(正式形容词否定)
辅音开头的形容词(长词)
正式书面语,拉丁语词根
①correct正确的→ incorrect不正确的
②complete完整的→ incomplete不完整的
im-
否定
(in - 的变体)
以 b/m/p 开头的形容词
因发音调整拼写
①possible可能的→ impossible不可能的
②polite礼貌的→ impolite不礼貌的
总结:
non- 侧重 “类别否定”,如 “非虚构”“不吸烟”;
dis- 侧重 “动作反向”,如 “不同意”“消失”;
un- 是最通用的否定前缀,可接形容词、动词;
mis- 核心是 “动作失误”,如 “误解”“误导”;
in- 和 im- 是正式的形容词否定前缀,im- 仅用于 b/m/p 开头的词根。
(二)need的用法(need to do/don't need to do/needn't do)
【考点01】实义动词need的句型结构:
(1) 肯定句:“需要做某事”
句型结构:主语+ need (s) + to +动词原形+其他
如:①I need to study for the exam. 我需要为考试学习。
②She needs to buy a new dress. 她需要买一条新裙子。
(2) 否定句:“不需要做某事”
句型结构:主语+ don’t/doesn’t need + to +动词原形+其他
如:①You don’t need to come early. 你不需要早来。
②He doesn’t need to work on Sunday. 他周日不需要工作。
(3) 一般疑问句:“需要做某事吗”
句型结构:Do/Does +主语+ need + to +动词原形+其他?
一般疑问句的肯定和否定回答:多用yes或no来回答。
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does.
否定回答:No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t.
如:①Do you need to leave now? 你需要现在离开吗?
肯定回答:Yes, I do. 否定回答: No, I don’t.
②Does she need to attend the meeting? 她需要参加会议吗?
肯定回答:Yes, she does. 否定回答: No, she doesn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+ do/does +主语+ need + to +动词原形+其他?
如:①What do you need to prepare? 你需要准备什么?
②Why does he need to change his plan? 他为什么需要改变计划?
【考点02】情态动词need的句型结构:
(1) 肯定句:罕见用法(了解即可)情态动词 need 几乎不用于肯定句,仅在正式文体或谚语中出现,表达“有必要做某事”,可替换为 must/have to。
如:You need come here at 8:00.(正式)= You must come here at 8:00.
你需要8点到这里。
(2) 否定句:“不需要做某事”
句型结构:主语+ needn’t +动词原形+其他
如:①You needn’t worry about it. 你不必担心此事。
②She needn’t finish the work today. 她今天不必完成工作。
(3)一般疑问句:询问 “是否需要做某事”
句型结构:Need +主语+动词原形+其他?
一般疑问句的肯定和否定回答:多用yes或no来回答。
注意:肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + must.(不用need)
否定回答:No, 主语 + needn’t.= No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t need to.
如:①Need I call him now? 我需要现在打电话给他吗?
肯定回答:Yes, you must. 否定回答: No, you needn’t.
②Need they hand the homework today? 他们需要今天上交作业吗?
肯定回答:Yes, they must. 否定回答:No, they needn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+ need +主语+动词原形+其他?
如:①Why need she apologize? 她为什么需要道歉?
②When need we arrive? 我们需要什么时候到达?
【考点03】情态need和情态动词need的句型结构对比:
句型
实义动词 need(need to do)
情态动词 need(need do)
肯定句
主语 + need (s) to do
×(不用于肯定句)
否定句
主语 + don’t/doesn’t need to do
主语 + needn’t do
一般疑问句
Do/Does + 主语 + need to do?
Need + 主语 + do?
回答
肯定回答:
Yes, 主语 + do/does.
否定回答:
No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t.
肯定回答:
Yes, 主语 + must.
否定回答:
No, 主语 + needn’t./
No, 主语don’t/doesn’t need to.
【考点04】need to do vs. needn’t do vs. don’t need to do的区别
结构
含义及用法
need to do
实义动词,表示 “必须做某事”(强调客观需求)。
如:I need to study hard. 我必须努力学习。
needn’t do
情态动词否定,表示 “不必做某事”(已有足够条件,无需做)。
如:You needn’t buy gifts. 你不必买礼物。
don’t need to do
实义动词否定,含义同 needn’t do,但更强调 “没有必要”。
如:We don’t need to hurry. 我们没必要赶时间。
【考点05】易错点与注意事项
1.need作为情态动词仅用于否定句和疑问句,不用于肯定句(肯定句用must或 have to)。
如:He need go now. × He must go now. / He has to go now. √
2.mustn’t 与 needn’t 的区别:
①mustn’t:禁止做某事(= 不允许)
如:You mustn’t smoke here. 你禁止在此吸烟。
②needn’t:不必做某事(= 没有必要)
如: You needn’t smoke if you don’t want to. 如果你不想抽,不必抽。
3、 单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
✅话题范畴:人与自我 — 健康生活方式
写作角度 1:身体健康:饮食习惯、运动锻炼、作息睡眠、远离垃圾食品;生病简单处理
写作角度 2:心理健康:保持积极心态、缓解压力、与人倾诉、发展爱好
命题类型:说明文(建议类),介绍做法 + 说明好处,三段式;考试常结合自身实际,谈怎样做到身心健康。
核心逻辑:身心健康很重要→分点讲具体做法→总结好处 + 简单呼吁
2. 写作框架(三段式,直接套用)
Paragraph1 开头段(引入主题,点明重要性,2‑3 句)
万能模板句二选一
① It’s very important for us to have a sound body and sound mind. Good health helps us study better and live happily.
拥有身心健康对我们很重要。良好的健康帮助我们更好学习、快乐生活。
② Health is important to everyone. Here are my ways to keep healthy.
健康对每个人都很重要。下面是我保持健康的方法。
Paragraph2 主体段(分点写做法:身体 + 心理,First/Second/Third 分层,4‑6 句)
模板句式:
First, ________. It helps us ________.
Second, ________. Doing this can make us ________.
Third, we also need to care about our mind. When we feel upset, we can ________.
👉可写方向:饮食、运动、睡眠;倾诉、爱好、放松心情。
Paragraph3 结尾段(总结 + 感悟 / 呼吁,2 句)
万能模板句二选一
① If we keep doing these things, we will stay healthy. Let’s try to keep a healthy lifestyle every day!如果我们坚持做这些,我们就会保持健康。让我们每天努力保持健康的生活方式!
② A sound body goes with a sound mind. Let’s face our life with a smile.健康的身体伴随健康的心态,让我们微笑面对生活。
3. 写作素材
短语
中文
keep a balanced diet
均衡饮食
stay away from junk food
远离垃圾食品二一教育
do exercise regularly
定期锻炼
get enough sleep
拥有充足睡眠
stay up late
熬夜
keep positive
保持积极心态
feel down / upset
感到沮丧
talk with parents and friends
和父母朋友倾诉
relax one’s mind
放松身心21世纪教...
keep fit / stay healthy
保持健康
✨高分句型(考场直接套用)
Doing sports helps us build a strong body and relax our minds.
运动帮助我们强身健体、放松心情。
We should stay away from junk food because it is bad for our health.
我们应该远离垃圾食品,因为它对健康有害。
When we feel stressed, we can talk to others to share our worries.
当我们感到压力大,可以和别人倾诉烦恼。
It is good for us to get at least eight hours’ sleep every night.
每晚至少睡八小时对我们有益。
A sound body makes for a sound mind. 身体健康,心态才健康。
4. 范文背诵
范文 My Ways to Keep Healthy(高频考题,98 词)
It’s very important for us to have a sound body and sound mind. Good health helps us study better and live happily.
First, I keep a balanced diet. I eat lots of fruit and vegetables and stay away from junk food. Second, I do exercise every day. I run in the morning and play ball games with my friends on weekends. Exercise makes me strong. Third, I get enough sleep and never stay up late. When I feel upset, I talk with my friends to relax myself.
If we keep doing these things, we will stay healthy. Let’s try to keep a healthy lifestyle every day!
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.It’s necessary to keep a ________ (balance) diet every day.
2.Poor living habits may lead to different kinds of ________ (ill).
3.Doing push-ups every day can build up your ________ (strong).
4.His great ________ (achieve) in sports made his family very proud.
5.Doing morning ________ (exercise) is good for our body.
6.If you stay up late, you will feel ________ (sleep) in class.
7.After a good rest, he felt ________ (energy) again.
8.Don’t worry about your ________ (weak); you can get better with proper exercise.
9.Eating more vegetables and fruits can make you ________ (health) and strong.
10.A healthy ________ (eat) habit can help us stay away from illnesses.
二、根据首字母提示完成句子
11.I don’t like him because he is too l________. He never does any housework.
12.The girl is o________, so she makes many friends.
13.Parents still want their kids to learn more knowledge, t________ everyone knows too much homework is not good for the kids.
14.He developed a special m_________ to help remember new words by connecting words to stories.
15.My favorite h________ is reading books. It makes me know more about the world.
16.You should drink more water when you have a f________.
17.It’s important to eat a b________ diet to keep healthy.
18.My brother has a t__________ in his teeth. He needs to see a dentist.
19.Reading is good for us, because we can b________ much from it.
20.We should be p________ about the future.
三、单项选择
21.—Mike, we should prepare for the football game today. Are you free?
—Yes. I ________ go to the maths club today, so I’m free to join the practice.
A.not need B.don’t need C.needn’t
22.Tina is very ________. Her face turns red when she answers questions in class.
A.shy B.active C.smart D.outgoing
23.—What’s wrong with your feet, Linda?
—The shoes are________ and they make my feet hurt.
A.incomplete B.impolite C.uncomfortable D.untidy
24.—I’m going to watch the World Cup tonight!
—But it’s too late. You can watch the playback (回放) tomorrow.
You ________ stay up late. You ________ take care of yourself.
A.need to; need to B.needn’t; needn’t C.needn’t; need to
25.Lucy likes Chinese painting. ________ it’s hard, she keeps practicing.
A.Though B.Because C.As
26.—I had a hard time last month, but I finally ________ it.
— I’m glad to hear that. Taking good care of yourself is important.
A.got through B.came across C.focused on
27.My sister needs to see a dentist because she has a ________.
A.headache B.stomachache C.toothache
28.—Dad, are you making cakes in the kitchen? They ________ sweet!
—Yes, you can have one in five minutes.
A.smell B.taste C.feel
29.She is always ________and ready to help others.
A.in my opinion B.in a good mood C.a few D.make sure
30.The project was ________ because of the team’s hard work.
A.successfully B.success C.succeed D.successful
四、完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
When I was in junior high school, I felt lonely at first. The schoolwork was hard, and I didn’t want to take part in any class activities. That made me 31 .
One day, my teacher 32 me to join the school band. 33 I was afraid, I decided to have a try.
At first, I could hardly play any instruments. But slowly, I discovered my love for playing the guitar. My band members helped 34 with practice, and we got along well. I was no longer worried about being alone. Instead, I felt happy and excited.
However, 35 came. Before our first performance (表演), I caught the flu and I was afraid I couldn’t do well. I didn’t know what to do. At that time, my friends gave me a lot of help. They also 36 me, saying “Don’t worry. Just do your best!” Their words calmed me down. Finally, the show turned out to be 37 . The audience’s (观众的) laughter and 38 made all the effort worthwhile (值得做的).
Looking back, I learned that growth happens through changes. 39 pressure, discovering new interests, and learning to work with others shaped me into a brave and 40 person. Now, I’m no longer afraid of challenges because I know they help me shine.
31.A.lively B.nervous C.surprised
32.A.taught B.ordered C.advised
33.A.Because B.Though C.When
34.A.me B.them C.us
35.A.chances B.benefits C.challenges
36.A.encouraged B.controlled C.touched
37.A.awful B.boring C.successful
38.A.congratulations B.marks C.conversations
39.A.Putting out B.Dealing with C.Focusing on
40.A.shy B.confident C.noisy
五、阅读理解
Of course, you do not want to spend your holiday ill in bed. So what can you do to keep healthy when traveling? There are some things you should remember when you travel: sleep, relax and eat well.
First, if you want to stay healthy, you need to get enough sleep. Your hotel room may be noisy or the bed may not be good. You may not get enough sleep for other reasons. So you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day. That extra (额外的) hour can help you a lot.
Second, a holiday should be a time for relaxing, but it is often not. Think about what you do when you are traveling. There are so many places to visit: museums, shops, parks... You may feel very exhausted after you spend most of the day walking around these places. Don’t walk too much. You may get sick easily: Sitting down for a few hours in a nice and quiet place is a better choice.
Third, if you want to stay healthy, you must eat well. That means eating the right food. Your body needs fresh fruit and vegetables, and some meat, milk or cheese.
Remember this: if you want to enjoy your holiday, take good care of yourself. Give your body some rest. Get enough sleep and eat good food.
41.Why may people not sleep well when they take a trip?
A.They miss their family. B.They are afraid of planes.
C.They make too much noise. D.They don’t like the beds in the hotel.
42.How does the writer like sleeping for an hour during the day when people travel?
A.Helpless B.Special C.Bad D.Useful
43.What does the underlined word “exhausted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean:
A.Tired B.Bored C.Interested D.Worried
44.The right food when people travel includes ________ according to the passage.
a.fruit b.meat c.hamburger d.cheese
A.a, b, c B.a, b, d C.a, c, d D.b, c, d
45.What’s the passage mainly about?
A.You should get enough sleep when traveling.
B.You should visit more places when traveling.
C.You should stay in good health when traveling.
D.You should pick the right food.
六、选词填空
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
benefit keep comfortable China succeed they when away through medicine
Winter is coming, and with the colder weather, more and more people are getting sick. 46 you have a cold, cough, or headache, doctors often advise: “Drink more hot water.” Why?
The tradition of drinking hot water dates back to about 4,000 years ago in China. Sometimes, hot water is like magic 47 for Chinese. When you feel a little 48 , your friends or family members may advise you to drink some hot water. In 49 opinion, hot water is useful for some illnesses. In old days, hot water also helped people get 50 a lot of difficult moments. By boiling (煮沸) water to make drinking water safe, a lot of people 51 in preventing (预防) diseases and stopping them from spreading. Hot water also helped poor people 52 warm in cold winters. According to 53 culture, drinking hot water can provide “yang” energy. The energy is very good for our health. It can keep our body running well and help us stay 54 from illnesses.
With all these 55 , hot water is always popular among Chinese people. Do you like drinking hot water?
七、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2025, our country carried out a special “Sports and Health Year” activity. This activity encourages everyone, 56 (especial) students to do more sports and care more about their health. So far, schools have organized many kinds of sports events 57 (get) students to move and develop their interest in sports.
Doing sports plays 58 important role in our lives. It not only makes our bodies strong but also keeps us healthy. There are many kinds of sports such as 59 (run), swimming and playing basketball. Most of the sports can help improve 60 (we) heart-lung function (心肺功能) and are good 61 the development of our muscles (肌肉). Moreover, team sports like basketball are great ways to build teamwork and friendship. When playing together, students learn to communicate and share something interesting 62 each other.
For students, sports can also help them study much 63 (well). When they exercise, their brains get more oxygen, so they can think more clearly in class. To make this activity more 64 (success), the government has built more sports centers in cities and towns. There are basketball courts, swimming pools and fitness rooms in these centers. People can go there to exercise for free.
Let’s take part in the “Sports and Health Year” activity and make sports part of our 65 (day) life!
八、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,简略回答问题。
Today, people want to keep healthy through sports and exercise. But some of them have some wrong ideas about it.
“A plate of chicken is a good meal before games because it has much energy.”
In fact, the best meal before games should have carbohydrates (碳水化合物). Food like potatoes, bread, bananas are rich (富有……的) in them, but chicken and meat are not.
“The best time to exercise is early in the morning.”
Morning is a good time to exercise, but it may not be good for you. If an afternoon or evening time is right for you, and you enjoy the feeling of getting healthier, you can choose any time to exercise. So there is no fixed (固定的) time for you to exercise.
“If you drink water when you exercise, you’ll feel tired.”
The fact is that you must have some water during breaks (休息时间) when you exercise. And after exercising, you must have enough water. If you don’t drink enough water, then you may feel tired.
“Exercising every day is quite important.”
Wrong. Too much exercise is bad for our health. You need to give your body a day of rest.
66.What food is rich in carbohydrates?
67.What is the best time to exercise according to the writer?
68.How may you feel if you don’t drink enough water after exercising?
69.What are the right ideas to keep healthy according to the writer? (至少列举两条)
70.What’s your idea about keeping healthy?
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Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
主题一:身体不适、疾病与健康状况
1.cough (咳嗽) He has a bad cough.(他咳嗽得很厉害。)
2.fever (发烧) She has a high fever.(她发高烧。)
3.sore ((发炎)疼痛的;酸痛的) My throat is sore.(我的喉咙疼。)
4.throat (咽喉;喉咙) I have a sore throat.(我喉咙痛。)
5.temperature (体温;温度) Please take your temperature.(请量一下你的体温。)
6.ache ((身体某部位的)疼痛) I have a stomach ache.(我胃疼。)
7.stomach (胃) My stomach hurts.(我的胃不舒服。)
8.condition (健康状况;状态) He is in good condition.(他健康状况良好。)
9.fit (健壮的;健康的) Doing sports keeps you fit.(运动使你保持健康。)
10.worse (更差的;更糟的;更坏的) His illness is getting worse.(他的病情变得更严重了。)
11.spread (传播;散布) The illness spreads quickly.(这种疾病传播很快。)
主题二:药品、医疗物品
1.medicine (药,药物;医学) Take this medicine three times a day.(这个药一天吃三次。)
2.pill (药丸;药片) Take one pill after meals.(饭后吃一粒药片。)
主题三:食物、食材、零食
1.sugar (糖;食糖) Don’t add too much sugar.(不要加太多糖。)
2.hamburger (汉堡包) I don’t like hamburgers very much.(我不太喜欢汉堡包。)
3.chip (炸薯条) Children like eating chips.(孩子们爱吃炸薯条。)
4.pork (猪肉) We often eat pork for dinner.(我们晚饭经常吃猪肉。)
5.pepper (胡椒粉) Put some pepper in the soup.(汤里放一点胡椒粉。)
6.snack (点心;小吃;快餐) It’s not good to eat too many snacks.(吃太多零食不好。)
7.chocolate (巧克力) This box of chocolate is for you.(这盒巧克力是给你的。)
8.cookie (曲奇饼) She is eating some cookies.(她正在吃一些曲奇饼。)
9.ice cream (冰激凌) I want an ice cream.(我想要一个冰激凌。)
10.potato (马铃薯;土豆) Potatoes are my favourite vegetable.(土豆是我最爱的蔬菜。)
11.corn (玉米;(小麦等)谷物) Corn is good for our health.(玉米对我们健康有益。)
12.candy (糖果;巧克力) Too much candy is bad for teeth.(太多糖果对牙齿不好。)
13.biscuit (饼干) He eats a biscuit every morning.(他每天早上吃一块饼干。)
14.beef (牛肉) Beef gives us lots of energy.(牛肉给我们很多能量。)
15.cucumber (黄瓜) I prefer cucumbers to tomatoes.(比起西红柿我更喜欢黄瓜。)
16.bean (豆;豆荚) Beans are healthy food.(豆类是健康食物。)
主题四:饮食、体重与生活方式
1.slim (苗条的) She is tall and slim.(她又高又苗条。)
2.diet (日常饮食) A healthy diet is important.(健康的日常饮食很重要。)
3.weight (重量) He wants to lose weight.(他想要减肥。)
4.fridge (冰箱) There is some milk in the fridge.(冰箱里有一些牛奶。)
5.prefer (较喜欢) I prefer fruit to candy.(比起糖果我更喜欢水果。)
6.serve (端上;接待;服务) Please serve some fruit to us.(请给我们端上一些水果。)
主题五:运动、爱好、人物情绪性格
1.volleyball (排球运动) We play volleyball after school.(我们放学后打排球。)
2.energy (精力;能源;能量) Sports can give us much energy.(运动能带给我们很多精力。)
3.positive (积极乐观的;正面的) Keep a positive attitude.(保持积极乐观的心态。)
4.benefit (益处;优势) Exercise has many benefits.(运动有许多益处。)
5.hobby (业余爱好) Reading is my hobby.(阅读是我的业余爱好。)
6.shy (羞怯的;腼腆的) The little girl is very shy.(这个小女孩很腼腆。)
7.lazy (懒惰的;懒散的) Don’t be lazy. Do more exercise.(不要懒惰,多做运动。)
8.glad (高兴;愉快) I’m glad to see you.(见到你我很高兴。)
9.mad (很生气;气愤) He is mad at me.(他生我的气。)
主题六:校园生活、行为状态
1.absent (缺席;不在) He was absent from class yesterday.(他昨天上课缺席了。)
2.moment (片刻;瞬间) Wait for a moment.(稍等片刻。)
3.seem (好像,似乎) You seem tired.(你看起来好像很累。)
4.empty (空的;无意义的) The box is empty.(这个盒子是空的。)
5.diary (日记;日记簿) I keep a diary every day.(我每天写日记。)
6.focus (集中(注意力、精力等)) Please focus on your study.(请把注意力集中在学习上。)
7.method (方法;办法;措施) This is a good study method.(这是一个好的学习方法。)
8.hurry (匆忙;急忙) There is no hurry.(不用着急。)
主题七:物品、感官、连词
1.screen (屏幕;荧屏) Don’t look at the screen too long.(不要看屏幕太久。)
2.smell (气味;嗅觉) What a nice smell!(多么好闻的气味!)
3.though (虽然;尽管;即使) Though he is tired, he keeps exercising.(尽管他很累,仍然坚持锻炼。)
短
语
1.take one’s temperature (量体温)
You should take your temperature when you feel sick.(当你感觉不舒服时应该量体温。)
2.lose one’s voice (失声;嗓子哑) He lost his voice because of a bad cold.(他因为重感冒嗓子哑了。)
3.have a fever (发烧) The little boy has a fever and needs to rest.(这个小男孩发烧了,需要休息。)
4.take some pills (服药) Please take some pills after meals.(请饭后服药。)
5.right away (立刻;马上) You must go to see a doctor right away.(你必须马上去看医生。)
6.stay up late (熬夜) It’s bad for your health to stay up late.(熬夜对你的健康有害。)
7.stay/keep away from (远离……) We should stay away from junk food.(我们应该远离垃圾食品。)
8.do some exercise (做运动)
I do some exercise every morning to keep healthy.(我每天早上做运动保持健康。)
9.stay/keep fit (保持健康) Eating well helps you stay fit.(良好饮食帮你保持健康。)
10.be bad for (对…… 有害) Too much sugar is bad for your teeth.(吃太多糖对你的牙齿有害。)
11.what’s worse (更糟糕的是)
He caught a cold. What’s worse, he had a fever.(他感冒了,更糟糕的是,他还发烧。)
12.lose weight (减肥)
Many teenagers want to lose weight in a healthy way.(很多青少年想用健康的方式减肥。)
13.get rid of (摆脱) Try to get rid of your bad living habits.(尽力摆脱你的不良生活习惯。)
14.in a good mood (心情愉快)
Listening to music can make you in a good mood.(听音乐可以让你心情愉快。)
15.communicate with sb. (与某人交流)
You need to communicate with your parents more.(你需要多和你的父母交流。)
16.live a happy life (过幸福的生活)
Everyone hopes to live a happy life.(每个人都希望过幸福的生活。)
17.get through (度过;通过)
Friends can help you get through hard times.(朋友可以帮你度过艰难的时光。)
18.not...at all (一点也不;根本不) I am not tired at all.(我一点也不累。)
19.for one thing (一来,一方面)
For one thing, it is cheap; for another, it is useful.(一来它很便宜,二来它很实用。)
20.for another (另一方面)
For one thing, exercise builds our body; for another, it makes us relaxed.(一来运动强健我们的身体,二来它使我们放松。)
21.on the other hand (另一方面)
On the other hand, too much screen time is harmful.(另一方面,过长的屏幕使用时间是有害的。)
22.in one’s opinion (在某人看来)
In my opinion, we should keep healthy first.(在我看来,我们应该把健康放在第一位。)
23.a good way to do sth. (做某事的好方法)
Doing sports is a good way to relax.(做运动是放松的好方法。)
24.keep a diary (写日志)
Keeping a diary is a good way to record your feelings.(写日志是记录你感受的好方法。)
25.make sure to do sth. (确保做某事)
Make sure to get enough sleep every night.(确保每晚有充足睡眠。)
26.focus on (专注于) You should focus on your health.(你应当关注自己的健康。)
27.take up (开始从事;占用) He takes up running to keep fit.(他开始跑步来保持健康。)
实
用
交
际
句
型
情景一:询问身体不适、描述病情(看病交际)
What’s wrong with you? (你怎么了?)
What’s wrong with you? I have a sore throat.(你怎么了?我喉咙疼。)
What’s the matter with you? (你怎么了?)
What’s the matter with you? I feel sick.(你怎么了?我感觉不舒服。)
I have a fever. (我发烧了。)
I just took my temperature. I have a fever.(我刚量了体温,我发烧了。)
I feel very sick and have a stomachache. (我感觉很难受,还胃疼。)
I feel very sick and have a stomachache.(我感觉很难受,还胃疼。)
When did you feel the ache? (你什么时候开始疼的?)
—When did you feel the ache? —About one hour ago.(你什么时候开始疼的?— 大约一小时前。)
Does it hurt here? (这里疼吗?) Does it hurt here?(这里疼吗?)
I have a bad cough and I’m losing my voice. (我咳嗽得厉害,嗓子哑了。)
I have a bad cough and I’m losing my voice.(我咳嗽得厉害,嗓子哑了。)
情景二:安慰对方(听到不好消息)
I’m sorry to hear that. (听到这件事我很难过。)
—I have a high fever. —I’m sorry to hear that.(— 我发高烧。— 听到这个消息我很难过。)
情景三:看病问诊、医生检查诊断
Let me examine you. (让我给你检查一下。)
Let me examine you.(让我给你检查一下。)
What did you have for lunch? (你午饭吃了什么?)
What did you have for lunch?(你午饭吃了什么?)
You ate too much junk food. It is not healthy at all. (你吃太多垃圾食品,这一点也不健康。)
You ate too much junk food. It is not healthy at all.(你吃太多垃圾食品,这一点也不健康。)
情景四:提出建议(健康生活,单元高频)
You need to do sth. (你需要做某事。)
You need to take a rest and take some pills.(你需要休息,吃点药。)
You should /shouldn’t do sth. (你应该 / 不应该做某事。)
You shouldn’t stay up late.(你不应该熬夜。)
We’d better (not) do sth. (我们最好(不)做某事。)
We’d better do exercise every day.(我们最好每天锻炼身体。)
Why don’t we do sth.? (我们为什么不做某事呢?)
Why don’t we go out for a walk after dinner?(晚饭后我们为什么不出去散散步?)
You needn’t do sth. (你不必做某事。) You needn’t eat too much sugar.(你不必吃太多糖。)
语法
(1) 常见否定前缀:non-,dis-,un, mis,in-,im-
(二)need的用法(need to do/don't need to do/needn't do)
写作
健康生活方式
一、知识点精讲
知识点1. What’s wrong with you? I just took my temperature. I have a fever.(你怎么了?我刚量了体温。我发烧了。)(P38)
讲:①“What’s wrong with you?” 是询问他人身体不适或遇到问题的核心特殊疑问句,句型为 “What’s wrong with + 宾语(sb./sth.)?”,“wrong” 为形容词,表 “有毛病的、不适的”;
②“take my temperature” 是固定短语,“take” 表 “进行(动作)”,“temperature” 为不可数名词,“my” 需根据主语替换为 “your/his/her” 等形容词性物主代词;
③“have a fever” 是 “患发烧” 的固定搭配,“have + a + 疾病名称” 是英语表达 “患病” 的常用结构(如 “have a headache”“have a toothache”),“fever” 为可数名词,此处用单数。
例句:What’s wrong with your sister? She took her temperature and said she had a fever.(你妹妹怎么了?她量了体温,说自己发烧了。)
拓展:
常见的生病/看病用语
①询问病情常用语:
②表示生病的短语:
③当得知某人生病或住院时,常用“I’m sorry to hear that.”来回应。
④询问别人现在病情如何时,常用“How are you feeling now?”;当表示“好多了”时常用“Much better./Fine./I’m feeling quite well now.”来回答。
知识点2. I have a bad cough. I need to take some cough medicine.(我咳嗽得很严重。我需要吃些咳嗽药。)(P38)
讲:①“have a bad cough” 中,“bad” 为形容词,修饰 “cough”(名词,表 “咳嗽”),“bad cough” 意为 “严重的咳嗽”;
【用法详解】have a/an +疾病名称
have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧
have a cough 咳嗽
have a/an +身体部位-ache
have a headache 头痛 have a stomachache胃痛
have a toothache 牙痛
have a sore +身体部位
have a sore back 背疼 have a sore throat 喉咙疼
主语+hurt (s) / cut (s) + 身体部位 / 反身代词
He hurts himself.
患病的表达方式
【注意】have the flu 患流感
例句:He has a bad cough, so he needs to take some cough medicine and drink more water.(他咳嗽得很严重,所以需要吃些咳嗽药,多喝些水。)
辨析:“take medicine”“have medicine” 均表 “吃药”,可互换;但 “take” 更常用,且 “take + 具体药物名称” 时需加 “the”,如 “take the cough medicine”(吃这种咳嗽药),而 “some cough medicine” 中 “some” 后不加 “the”。
知识点3. Wang Junfeng spends too much time on phone games.(王俊峰花太多时间玩手机游戏。)(P39)
讲:①“spends too much time on phone games” 是 “spend + 时间 + on sth.” 的固定结构,“spend” 表 “花费(时间 / 金钱)”,主语必须是人,时态为一般现在时,主语 “Wang Junfeng” 是第三人称单数,故 “spend” 用 “spends”;
拓展:“四个花费”(pay, cost, spend与take)
单词
用法
结构sb. pay +钱 for sth.
pay
花钱,主语是人
某人花多少钱买某物sth. cost sb. +钱
cost
花钱,主语是物
某物花了某人多少钱sb. spend +钱/时间 on sth.
spend
花钱/时间,主语是人
某人在某物上花费时间/金钱sb. spend +钱/时间(in)doing sth.
某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事It takes/took sb. +时间 to do sth.
take
花时间,it作形式主语
做某事花费某人多长时间
►I spent 100 yuan on the present. 我花了100元买这件礼物。
►It took me 20 minutes to get to school. 我花了20分钟到达学校。
►We paid 150 yuan for the meal. 这顿饭我们花了150元。
►The schoolbag cost me 50 yuan. 这个书包花了我50元。
②“too much” 是限定词,表 “太多”,仅修饰不可数名词(如 “time”“money”),区别于 “too many”(修饰可数名词复数);
【易混辨析】重点:too much, too many与much too
too much
副词词组,表示“……得太多”,修饰动词
形容词词组,表示“太多”,修饰 不可数 (可数/不可数)名词
too many
形容词词组,表示“太多”,修饰 可数 (可数/不可数)名词
much too
副词词组,表示“太……”,修饰形容词或副词
Eg.There is too much noise in the market. 市场里有太多噪音。
Too many people came to visit him every day. 每天都有太多人来拜访他。
The coat is much too dear. I can’t afford it. 这件外套太贵了,我买不起。
知识点4. I feel very sick and have a stomachache.(我感觉很不舒服,而且肚子疼。)(P40)
讲:①“feel very sick” 中,“feel” 是系动词,后接形容词 “sick” 作表语,“sick” 表 “身体不适的、恶心的”,可用于描述各种轻微或严重的身体不舒服;
辨析:“sick” 与 “ill” 的区别:
①“sick” 可作表语(如 “I feel sick”)和定语(如 “a sick man”),表 “生病的、恶心的”;
②“ill” 仅作表语(如 “I am ill”),不可作定语(不可说 “an ill man”),表 “生病的”,语气比 “sick” 稍重。
知识点5. You ate too much junk food. It is not healthy at all.(你吃了太多垃圾食品。它一点也不健康。)(P40)
讲:①“junk food” 是不可数名词短语,表 “垃圾食品”,指高热量、低营养的食物(如汉堡、薯条),无复数形式,前面不可加 “a/an”,可用 “some/much/too much” 修饰;
②“not healthy at all” 中,“not...at all” 是固定短语,表 “一点也不……”,用于加强否定语气,“at all” 需置于句末,“healthy” 是形容词,表 “健康的”,其反义词是 “unhealthy”(加前缀 “un-” 构成否定)。
例句:Eating too much junk food is not healthy at all, so we should eat less of it.(吃太多垃圾食品一点也不健康,所以我们应该少吃。)
拓展:“not...at all” 的用法:
① 用于否定句,修饰形容词、副词或动词,如 “He doesn’t like math at all”(他一点也不喜欢数学);
② 口语中可简化为 “not at all”,用于回答感谢(表 “不客气”)或道歉(表 “没关系”),如 “Thank you!”—“Not at all!”(“谢谢!”—“不客气!”)。
知识点6. You need to take a rest and take some pills.(你需要休息一下,还要吃些药片。)(P40)
讲:①“take a rest” 是固定短语,表 “休息一下”,等同于 “have a rest”;
take的用法(
意义
常见结构/短语/例句
拿,取
take sth./sb. to sp. 带某物/某人到某地
take away拿走,带走
take off脱下(衣物);突然离开;(飞机)起飞
花费时间
It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.
做某事花费(某人)多少时间
吃,喝,服用
The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. 医生让我一天吃三次药。
乘(车、船等)
take a/the bus乘坐公共汽车
选中;买下;租用
I’ll take the white jacket. 我要那件白色夹克衫。
接受,采纳
take one’s advice 采纳某人的建议
做……事情,与名词连用
take a rest/break 休息一下
take a risk 冒险
take a walk 散步
知识点7. Pingping and Yining both love sports a lot. Unlike her, Yining is shy.(平平和伊宁都非常喜欢运动。和她不同,伊宁很害羞。)(P42)
讲:①“both” 是代词 / 形容词,语,表 “两者都”,需置于实义动词前、系动词 / 情态动词后,如 “They both are students”(系动词后)、“They both like sports”(实义动词前);
②“Unlike her” 中,“unlike” 是介词,表 “和…… 不同”,后接名词 / 代词(如 “her” 指代 “Pingping”),不可接句子,区别于 “unlike” 作形容词(表 “不同的”,如 “unlike ideas”);
例句:Tom and Jim both like playing basketball. Unlike Tom, Jim is shy and doesn’t like talking to others.(汤姆和吉姆都喜欢打篮球。和汤姆不同,吉姆很害羞,不喜欢和别人说话。)
拓展:表 “两者都不” 用 “neither”,表 “两者中的一个” 用 “either”,如 “Neither of them likes swimming”(他们俩都不喜欢游泳)、“Either you or he can go”(要么你去,要么他去)。
8. Exercise is good for us in many ways. For one thing, it can help build a strong body. For another, it is a good way to rest and relax our minds.(运动在很多方面对我们有好处。一方面,它能帮助我们塑造强壮的身体。另一方面,它是休息和放松大脑的好方法。)(P43)
讲:①“be good for” ,表 “对…… 有好处”,其反义词短语是 “be bad for”(对…… 有害);
be good短语小结
短语
意义及用法
be good at
“擅长……”,be good at sth./doing sth.=do well in sth./doing sth.“擅长某事/做某事”。其反义词组为be weak in sth./be poor at (sth./doing sth.)在某方面/做某事方面差/弱。
be good with
“与……相处融洽;善于应付……的”,与get on/along well with同义,后常接表示人的名词或代词。
be good for
“对……有好处”,其反义词组为be bad for。
be good to
“对……友好”,相当于be friendly/kind to,后接名词或代词。
如:①He’s good at dealing with pressure. 他善于应对压力。
②I’m good with my classmates. 我与我的同学关系融洽。
③It’s probably good for you to make some mistakes. 犯些错误或许对你有好处。
④He is very good to me. 他对我非常友好。
②“in many ways” 是介词短语,表 “在很多方面”,“ways” 此处表 “方面、方式”;
③“For one thing...For another...” ,表 “一方面…… 另一方面……”,用于列举同一事物的两个不同方面,两个短语后均需接完整句子;
④“help build a strong body” 中,“help (to) do sth.” 是固定搭配,“to” 可省略,“build a strong body” 表 “塑造强壮的身体”。
例句:Reading is good for us in many ways. For one thing, it can help us learn knowledge. For another, it can make us feel relaxed.(阅读在很多方面对我们有好处。一方面,它能帮助我们学习知识。另一方面,它能让我们感到放松。)
辨析:“For one thing...For another...” 与 “On one hand...On the other hand...” 的区别:前者用于列举同一事物的两个相关方面(多为积极方面);后者可用于列举同一事物的两个对立方面,如 “On one hand, playing phone games is fun; on the other hand, it’s bad for eyes.”(一方面,玩手机游戏很有趣;另一方面,它对眼睛不好。)
知识点9. When you plan to do exercise, here are some tips for you.(当你计划做运动时,这里有一些给你的建议。)(P43)
讲:①“plan to do sth.” 表 “计划做某事”;
②“do exercise” 是固定短语,表 “做运动”,等同于 “do sports”;
例句:When you plan to learn English, here are some tips for you: read more and speak more.(当你计划学英语时,这里有一些给你的建议:多读、多说。)
拓展:“here be” 句型的用法:
① 主语是单数时用 “here is”,如 “Here is a tip for you”;
② 主语是复数时用 “here are”;
③ 若主语是代词,需用正常语序,如 “Here it is”(它在这儿),不可说 “Here is it”。
知识点10. In my opinion, staying positive has amazing benefits.(在我看来,保持积极心态有惊人的好处。)(P44)
讲:①“In my opinion” 是插入语,表 “在我看来”,用于表达个人观点,可置于句首、句中或句末(句中 / 末需用逗号隔开),如 “Staying positive, in my opinion, has amazing benefits.”;
②“staying positive” 是动名词短语作主语,动名词(doing)作主语时,谓语动词需用单数形式,故 “has” 用第三人称单数;
③“benefits” 是 “benefit”(好处、益处)的复数形式,“benefit” 为可数名词,“amazing”(形容词,表 “惊人的”)修饰 “benefits”,表 “惊人的好处”。
例句:In my opinion, getting up early has many benefits for our health.(在我看来,早起对我们的健康有很多好处。)
拓展:表达个人观点的类似短语还有 “From my point of view”(语气稍正式)、“I think”(最常用,后接宾语从句)、“I believe”(表 “我相信”,语气比 “I think” 强),如 “From my point of view, doing sports every day is necessary.”(在我看来,每天做运动很有必要。)
知识点11. I am never absent from the football matches in my school.(我从不错过学校的足球比赛。)(P44)
讲:“be absent from” 是固定短语,表 “缺席……、不在……”,“absent” 是形容词,表 “缺席的、不在场的”,其反义词是 “present”(在场的);
例句:He is never absent from class, so he always gets good grades.(他从不上课缺席,所以总是取得好成绩。)
拓展:“absent” 的名词形式是 “absence”,搭配 “the absence of”(缺乏……),如 “The absence of exercise is bad for health.”(缺乏运动对健康有害。)
知识点12. Let’s talk about food and healthy diet. Fruit and vegetables are healthy. You need to eat them every day.(让我们谈论一下食物和健康饮食吧。水果和蔬菜是健康的。你需要每天吃它们。)(P48)
讲:①“Let’s talk about...” 是祈使句,表 “让我们谈论…… 吧”,“Let’s”=“Let us”,后接动词原形;
②“talk about” 是固定短语,表 “谈论……”,后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词。
例句:Let’s talk about healthy habits. We need to sleep early every night.(让我们谈论一下健康习惯吧。我们需要每天晚上早睡。)
辨析:“need to do sth.” 与 “needn’t do sth.” 的区别:
①“need to do sth.” 中 “need” 是实义动词,有人称 / 时态变化,如 “He needs to study hard”(第三人称单数)、“They needed to go yesterday”(过去时);
②“needn’t do sth.” 中 “need” 是情态动词,无人称 / 时态变化,仅用于否定句和疑问句,如 “Need I go now?”(疑问句)、“You needn’t worry.”(否定句)。
知识点13. We both live healthy lifestyles. I enjoy running and playing soccer. My sister prefers swimming and basketball.(我们都过着健康的生活方式。我喜欢跑步和踢足球。我妹妹更喜欢游泳和打篮球。)(P49)
讲:①“enjoy doing sth.” ,表 “喜欢做某事”,“enjoy” 后接动名词,不可接不定式(不可说 “enjoy to run”)
②“prefer doing sth.” 表 “更喜欢做某事”,“prefer” 后接动名词或名词,其比较级含义隐含 “与其他事物相比”,如 “prefer swimming”=“like swimming better”。
例句:My parents both live healthy lifestyles. My father enjoys hiking, and my mother prefers yoga.(我父母都过着健康的生活方式。我爸爸喜欢徒步旅行,我妈妈更喜欢瑜伽。)
辨析:“enjoy doing sth.” 与 “prefer doing sth.” 的区别:
①“enjoy” 仅表 “喜欢”,无比较含义;
②“prefer” 表 “更喜欢”,隐含 “与其他选项对比”,还可用于 “prefer A to B”(比起 B 更喜欢 A),如 “She prefers tea to coffee”(比起咖啡,她更喜欢茶)。
知识点14. Though we choose different sports and food, we both care about being healthy.(虽然我们选择不同的运动和食物,但我们都关心保持健康。)(P49)
讲:“Though” 是让步连词,表 “虽然、尽管”,引导让步状语从句,不可与 “but” 同时使用(英语中 “though/although” 与 “but” 不能连用),如不可说 “Though we are tired, but we keep working”;
例句:Though he is busy, he still cares about his family’s health.(虽然他很忙,但他仍然关心家人的健康。)
拓展:“though” 与 “although” 的区别:
① 两者含义相同,可互换;
②“though” 可用于句末,表 “不过、然而”,如 “He is young. He is experienced, though.”(他很年轻,不过很有经验。);“although” 不可用于句末。
choose
如:①Many students choose to get further education at home instead of going abroad. 许多学生选择在国内接受进一步教育,而不是出国。
②He had no choice but to depend on himself at that moment.当时他别无选择,只能依靠自己。
知识点15. Eat more vegetables and fruit. Do more exercise.(多吃蔬菜和水果。多做运动。)(P51)
讲:①两句均为祈使句,祈使句以动词原形开头,表 “命令、建议、邀请” 等,此处表 “建议”;
②“more” 是 “many/much” 的比较级,表 “更多的”,修饰可数名词复数 “vegetables and fruit”(“fruit” 此处泛指 “水果”,为不可数名词,若表 “多种水果”,可加 “s” 为 “fruits”)和不可数名词 “exercise”(“exercise” 表 “运动” 时不可数,表 “练习题” 时可数);
例句:Eat more apples and bananas. Do more running every morning.(多吃苹果和香蕉。每天早上多跑步。)
拓展:祈使句的否定形式在动词原形前加 “don’t”,如 “Don’t eat too much junk food.”(不要吃太多垃圾食品。);若表 “禁止”,可加 “never”,如 “Never stay up late.”(永远不要熬夜。)。
知识点16. It started in 2004 when a group of friends wanted to have a running event in London, England.(它始于 2004 年,当时一群朋友想在英国伦敦举办一场跑步活动。)(P53)
讲:①“started in 2004” 中,“started” 是 “start” 的过去式,表 “开始”,“in 2004” 是时间状语,具体年份前用介词 “in”;
②“a group of friends” 是名词短语,“a group of” 表 “一群……”,后接可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词可用单数或复数(侧重 “整体” 用单数,侧重 “个体” 用复数),
③“have a running event” 中,“running” 是动名词作定语修饰 “event”,表 “跑步活动”。
例句:The school started a sports club in 2020 when a group of teachers wanted to help students keep healthy.(学校在 2020 年成立了一个体育俱乐部,当时一群老师想帮助学生保持健康。)
拓展:“a group of” 的类似短语还有 “a pair of”(一双 / 一对……)、“a team of”(一队……)、“a class of”(一班……),如 “A pair of shoes is on the desk”(一双鞋在桌子上,“pair” 是单数,谓语用 “is”)。
2、 单元语法
(一)常见否定前缀:non-,dis-,un,mis,in-,im-
前缀
含义
搭配对象
语境特点
例词
non-
非、无
(类别否定)
名词、形容词
正式,学术 / 科技领域
①smoker吸烟者→ non-smoker不吸烟者
②stop停止→ non-stop直达的,不停的
dis-
相反、否定
(动作逆转)
动词、形容词、名词
通用,强调 “反向动作”
①agree同意→ disagree不同意
②appear出现→ disappear消失
un-
否定、相反
(通用否定)
形容词、动词、副词
最常用,口语 / 书面语
①happy开心的→ unhappy不开心的
②able能的→ unable不能的
mis-
错误、不当
(动作失误)
动词、少数名词
强调 “失误” 而非 “否定”
①understand理解→ misunderstand误解
②lead引导→ mislead误导
in-
否定
(正式形容词否定)
辅音开头的形容词(长词)
正式书面语,拉丁语词根
①correct正确的→ incorrect不正确的
②complete完整的→ incomplete不完整的
im-
否定
(in - 的变体)
以 b/m/p 开头的形容词
因发音调整拼写
①possible可能的→ impossible不可能的
②polite礼貌的→ impolite不礼貌的
总结:
non- 侧重 “类别否定”,如 “非虚构”“不吸烟”;
dis- 侧重 “动作反向”,如 “不同意”“消失”;
un- 是最通用的否定前缀,可接形容词、动词;
mis- 核心是 “动作失误”,如 “误解”“误导”;
in- 和 im- 是正式的形容词否定前缀,im- 仅用于 b/m/p 开头的词根。
(二)need的用法(need to do/don't need to do/needn't do)
【考点01】实义动词need的句型结构:
(1) 肯定句:“需要做某事”
句型结构:主语+ need (s) + to +动词原形+其他
如:①I need to study for the exam. 我需要为考试学习。
②She needs to buy a new dress. 她需要买一条新裙子。
(2) 否定句:“不需要做某事”
句型结构:主语+ don’t/doesn’t need + to +动词原形+其他
如:①You don’t need to come early. 你不需要早来。
②He doesn’t need to work on Sunday. 他周日不需要工作。
(3) 一般疑问句:“需要做某事吗”
句型结构:Do/Does +主语+ need + to +动词原形+其他?
一般疑问句的肯定和否定回答:多用yes或no来回答。
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does.
否定回答:No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t.
如:①Do you need to leave now? 你需要现在离开吗?
肯定回答:Yes, I do. 否定回答: No, I don’t.
②Does she need to attend the meeting? 她需要参加会议吗?
肯定回答:Yes, she does. 否定回答: No, she doesn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+ do/does +主语+ need + to +动词原形+其他?
如:①What do you need to prepare? 你需要准备什么?
②Why does he need to change his plan? 他为什么需要改变计划?
【考点02】情态动词need的句型结构:
(1) 肯定句:罕见用法(了解即可)情态动词 need 几乎不用于肯定句,仅在正式文体或谚语中出现,表达“有必要做某事”,可替换为 must/have to。
如:You need come here at 8:00.(正式)= You must come here at 8:00.
你需要8点到这里。
(2) 否定句:“不需要做某事”
句型结构:主语+ needn’t +动词原形+其他
如:①You needn’t worry about it. 你不必担心此事。
②She needn’t finish the work today. 她今天不必完成工作。
(3)一般疑问句:询问 “是否需要做某事”
句型结构:Need +主语+动词原形+其他?
一般疑问句的肯定和否定回答:多用yes或no来回答。
注意:肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + must.(不用need)
否定回答:No, 主语 + needn’t.= No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t need to.
如:①Need I call him now? 我需要现在打电话给他吗?
肯定回答:Yes, you must. 否定回答: No, you needn’t.
②Need they hand the homework today? 他们需要今天上交作业吗?
肯定回答:Yes, they must. 否定回答:No, they needn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+ need +主语+动词原形+其他?
如:①Why need she apologize? 她为什么需要道歉?
②When need we arrive? 我们需要什么时候到达?
【考点03】情态need和情态动词need的句型结构对比:
句型
实义动词 need(need to do)
情态动词 need(need do)
肯定句
主语 + need (s) to do
×(不用于肯定句)
否定句
主语 + don’t/doesn’t need to do
主语 + needn’t do
一般疑问句
Do/Does + 主语 + need to do?
Need + 主语 + do?
回答
肯定回答:
Yes, 主语 + do/does.
否定回答:
No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t.
肯定回答:
Yes, 主语 + must.
否定回答:
No, 主语 + needn’t./
No, 主语don’t/doesn’t need to.
【考点04】need to do vs. needn’t do vs. don’t need to do的区别
结构
含义及用法
need to do
实义动词,表示 “必须做某事”(强调客观需求)。
如:I need to study hard. 我必须努力学习。
needn’t do
情态动词否定,表示 “不必做某事”(已有足够条件,无需做)。
如:You needn’t buy gifts. 你不必买礼物。
don’t need to do
实义动词否定,含义同 needn’t do,但更强调 “没有必要”。
如:We don’t need to hurry. 我们没必要赶时间。
【考点05】易错点与注意事项
1.need作为情态动词仅用于否定句和疑问句,不用于肯定句(肯定句用must或 have to)。
如:He need go now. × He must go now. / He has to go now. √
2.mustn’t 与 needn’t 的区别:
①mustn’t:禁止做某事(= 不允许)
如:You mustn’t smoke here. 你禁止在此吸烟。
②needn’t:不必做某事(= 没有必要)
如: You needn’t smoke if you don’t want to. 如果你不想抽,不必抽。
3、 单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
✅话题范畴:人与自我 — 健康生活方式
写作角度 1:身体健康:饮食习惯、运动锻炼、作息睡眠、远离垃圾食品;生病简单处理
写作角度 2:心理健康:保持积极心态、缓解压力、与人倾诉、发展爱好
命题类型:说明文(建议类),介绍做法 + 说明好处,三段式;考试常结合自身实际,谈怎样做到身心健康。
核心逻辑:身心健康很重要→分点讲具体做法→总结好处 + 简单呼吁
2. 写作框架(三段式,直接套用)
Paragraph1 开头段(引入主题,点明重要性,2‑3 句)
万能模板句二选一
① It’s very important for us to have a sound body and sound mind. Good health helps us study better and live happily.
拥有身心健康对我们很重要。良好的健康帮助我们更好学习、快乐生活。
② Health is important to everyone. Here are my ways to keep healthy.
健康对每个人都很重要。下面是我保持健康的方法。
Paragraph2 主体段(分点写做法:身体 + 心理,First/Second/Third 分层,4‑6 句)
模板句式:
First, ________. It helps us ________.
Second, ________. Doing this can make us ________.
Third, we also need to care about our mind. When we feel upset, we can ________.
👉可写方向:饮食、运动、睡眠;倾诉、爱好、放松心情。
Paragraph3 结尾段(总结 + 感悟 / 呼吁,2 句)
万能模板句二选一
① If we keep doing these things, we will stay healthy. Let’s try to keep a healthy lifestyle every day!如果我们坚持做这些,我们就会保持健康。让我们每天努力保持健康的生活方式!
② A sound body goes with a sound mind. Let’s face our life with a smile.健康的身体伴随健康的心态,让我们微笑面对生活。
3. 写作素材
短语
中文
keep a balanced diet
均衡饮食
stay away from junk food
远离垃圾食品二一教育
do exercise regularly
定期锻炼
get enough sleep
拥有充足睡眠
stay up late
熬夜
keep positive
保持积极心态
feel down / upset
感到沮丧
talk with parents and friends
和父母朋友倾诉
relax one’s mind
放松身心21世纪教...
keep fit / stay healthy
保持健康
✨高分句型(考场直接套用)
Doing sports helps us build a strong body and relax our minds.
运动帮助我们强身健体、放松心情。
We should stay away from junk food because it is bad for our health.
我们应该远离垃圾食品,因为它对健康有害。
When we feel stressed, we can talk to others to share our worries.
当我们感到压力大,可以和别人倾诉烦恼。
It is good for us to get at least eight hours’ sleep every night.
每晚至少睡八小时对我们有益。
A sound body makes for a sound mind. 身体健康,心态才健康。
4. 范文背诵
范文 My Ways to Keep Healthy(高频考题,98 词)
It’s very important for us to have a sound body and sound mind. Good health helps us study better and live happily.
First, I keep a balanced diet. I eat lots of fruit and vegetables and stay away from junk food. Second, I do exercise every day. I run in the morning and play ball games with my friends on weekends. Exercise makes me strong. Third, I get enough sleep and never stay up late. When I feel upset, I talk with my friends to relax myself.
If we keep doing these things, we will stay healthy. Let’s try to keep a healthy lifestyle every day!
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.It’s necessary to keep a ________ (balance) diet every day.
【答案】balanced
【详解】句意:每天保持均衡的饮食是有必要的。空格后为名词diet,需要使用形容词作定语修饰名词。balance是名词/动词,意为“平衡”,其形容词形式为balanced,表示“均衡的;平衡的”。a balanced diet是固定短语,意为 “均衡饮食”,应填balanced。
2.Poor living habits may lead to different kinds of ________ (ill).
【答案】illnesses
【详解】句意:不良的生活习惯可能会引发各种各样的疾病。短语different kinds of后面需要接可数名词复数,形容词ill对应的名词形式是illness,表示“疾病”,其复数形式为illnesses,故填illnesses。
3.Doing push-ups every day can build up your ________ (strong).
【答案】strength
【详解】句意:每天做俯卧撑可以增强你的力量。空格位于形容词性物主代词your之后,此处需要填入一个名词作宾语。“strong”是形容词,其名词形式为strength,意为“力量;体力”,是不可数名词,故填strength。
4.His great ________ (achieve) in sports made his family very proud.
【答案】achievement
【详解】句意:他在体育领域取得的伟大成就让他的家人倍感骄傲。空格前的形容词great(伟大的)需要修饰名词,括号内给出的动词achieve要变为对应的名词形式achievement,意为“成就”。
5.Doing morning ________ (exercise) is good for our body.
【答案】exercises
【详解】句意:做晨操对我们的身体有益。Doing morning exercises整体充当句子主语;morning exercises是教材固定搭配,意为“晨操”;exercise表示体操、成套动作时属于可数名词,通常使用复数形式,因此填写exercises。
6.If you stay up late, you will feel ________ (sleep) in class.
【答案】sleepy
【详解】句意:如果你熬夜,你会在课上感到困倦。作为系动词feel的表语,用形容词,sleep的形容词形式是sleepy。
7.After a good rest, he felt ________ (energy) again.
【答案】energetic
【详解】句意:好好休息之后,他又感到精力充沛了。felt是系动词,后面接形容词,作表语,energy的形容词形式是energetic。
8.Don’t worry about your ________ (weak); you can get better with proper exercise.
【答案】weakness
【详解】句意:不要担心你的弱点;经过恰当的练习你能够变得更好。形容词性物主代词your后面需要接名词,weak是形容词,名词形式为weakness。
9.Eating more vegetables and fruits can make you ________ (health) and strong.
【答案】healthy
【详解】句意:多吃蔬菜和水果能让你健康又强壮。“make sb.+形容词”是固定结构,意为“使某人……”,health“健康”是名词,其形容词形式是healthy“健康的”。
10.A healthy ________ (eat) habit can help us stay away from illnesses.
【答案】eating
【详解】句意:健康的饮食习惯可以帮助我们远离疾病。空格后为名词habit,此处需要使用动名词作定语修饰habit,eat的动名词形式为eating,eating habit是固定搭配,意为“饮食习惯”,故填eating。
二、根据首字母提示完成句子
11.I don’t like him because he is too l________. He never does any housework.
【答案】lazy/azy
【详解】句意:我不喜欢他,因为他太懒了。他从来不做任何家务。该处需一个形容词,在句中作系动词“is”的表语;根据下文“He never does any housework.”提示,其语义与“懒惰的”相关;结合首字母l,填lazy。
12.The girl is o________, so she makes many friends.
【答案】outgoing
【详解】句意:这个女孩很外向,所以她交了很多朋友。根据首字母及“makes many friends”可知,此处为outgoing意为“外向的”。
13.Parents still want their kids to learn more knowledge, t________ everyone knows too much homework is not good for the kids.
【答案】though/hough
【详解】句意:尽管每个人都知道太多的作业对于孩子们来说并不是好事,但是父母们还是想要他们的孩子能学习更多的知识。根据句意及首字母可知,空格前后句子为转折让步关系,此处为让步状语从句,应填though“尽管,即使”。
14.He developed a special m_________ to help remember new words by connecting words to stories.
【答案】method/ethod
【详解】句意:他开发了一种特殊的方法,通过将单词与故事联系起来来帮助记忆新单词。根据“help remember new words by connecting words to stories.”及首字母m的提示,可知这里需要填表示“方法”的名词method,a修饰用可数名词单数形式。
15.My favorite h________ is reading books. It makes me know more about the world.
【答案】hobby/obby
【详解】句意:我最喜欢的爱好是读书,这让我更多地了解世界。结合首字母“h”和“reading books(读书)”的语境,此处需要表示“爱好”的名词,“hobby”意为“爱好”,符合语义,谓语是is,所以填单数名词。
16.You should drink more water when you have a f________.
【答案】fever/ever
【详解】句意:当你发烧时,你应该多喝水。首字母f提示,fever意为“发烧”。have a fever是固定搭配。
17.It’s important to eat a b________ diet to keep healthy.
【答案】balanced/alanced
【详解】句意:保持均衡的饮食对健康很重要。根据首字母及“diet”提示,“均衡的”为形容词balanced,作定语修饰diet。
18.My brother has a t__________ in his teeth. He needs to see a dentist.
【答案】toothache/oothache
【详解】句意:我弟弟牙疼,他需要去看牙医。根据首字母及“see a dentist”可知,此处指的是牙疼。toothache“牙疼”,不可数名词;has a toothache动词短语,表示“牙疼”。故填toothache。
19.Reading is good for us, because we can b________ much from it.
【答案】benefit/enefit
【详解】句意:阅读对我们有好处,因为我们能从阅读中获益很多。“Reading is good for us”提示能获得很多益处,benefit from表示“从……中获益”,情态动词后加动词原形。
20.We should be p________ about the future.
【答案】positive/ositive
【详解】句意:我们应该对未来持积极态度。该处需一个形容词,在句中作表语,根据“about the future”的语境可知,此处应是“积极的”一词,结合首字母“p”,应填positive。
三、单项选择
21.—Mike, we should prepare for the football game today. Are you free?
—Yes. I ________ go to the maths club today, so I’m free to join the practice.
A.not need B.don’t need C.needn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——Mike,我们今天应该为足球比赛做准备。你有空吗?——是的。我今天不必去数学俱乐部,所以我有空参加练习。need作情态动词时,否定形式为needn’t,后接动词原形;作实义动词时,否定形式为don’t/doesn’t need to。根据空后go为动词原形且无to可知,此处需用情态动词否定形式。A项结构错误;B项后需加to;C项符合语法。
22.Tina is very ________. Her face turns red when she answers questions in class.
A.shy B.active C.smart D.outgoing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Tina非常害羞。她在课堂上回答问题时脸会变红。shy害羞的;active活跃的;smart聪明的;outgoing外向的。根据“Her face turns red when she answers questions in class.”可知,她在课堂上回答问题会脸红,这是害羞的表现。
23.—What’s wrong with your feet, Linda?
—The shoes are________ and they make my feet hurt.
A.incomplete B.impolite C.uncomfortable D.untidy
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——琳达,你的脚怎么了?——鞋子很不舒服,它们让我的脚疼。incomplete不完整的;impolite不礼貌的;uncomfortable不舒服的;untidy不整洁的。根据“they make my feet hurt”可知鞋子让脚疼,说明穿着不舒服。
24.—I’m going to watch the World Cup tonight!
—But it’s too late. You can watch the playback (回放) tomorrow.
You ________ stay up late. You ________ take care of yourself.
A.need to; need to B.needn’t; needn’t C.needn’t; need to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我今晚要去看世界杯!——但是太晚了。你明天可以看回放。你不必熬夜。你需要照顾好自己。根据“But it’s too late. You can watch the playback tomorrow.”可知,对方建议不必熬夜,第一空应填needn’t;根据常理可知,需要照顾好自己,第二空应填need to。
25.Lucy likes Chinese painting. ________ it’s hard, she keeps practicing.
A.Though B.Because C.As
【答案】A
【详解】句意:露西喜欢中国画。虽然它很难,但她坚持练习。Though虽然;Because因为;As因为/当……时。根据“it’s hard”和“she keeps practicing”可知,前后句存在让步关系,表示“虽然很难,但仍然坚持”。
26.—I had a hard time last month, but I finally ________ it.
— I’m glad to hear that. Taking good care of yourself is important.
A.got through B.came across C.focused on
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——上个月我过得很艰难,但我最终度过了难关。——很高兴听到这个消息。照顾好自己很重要。got through度过(难关);came across偶然遇见;focused on专注于。根据前文“had a hard time”及转折词“but”可知,此处表示最终克服了困难,结合答语“很高兴听到这个消息”可知结果积极,符合语境。
27.My sister needs to see a dentist because she has a ________.
A.headache B.stomachache C.toothache
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我妹妹需要去看牙医,因为她牙痛。headache头痛;stomachache胃痛;toothache牙痛。根据“see a dentist”可知,看牙医是因为牙痛。应填toothache。
28.—Dad, are you making cakes in the kitchen? They ________ sweet!
—Yes, you can have one in five minutes.
A.smell B.taste C.feel
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——爸爸,你在厨房做蛋糕吗?它们闻起来很甜!——是的,你五分钟后可以吃一个。smell闻起来;taste尝起来;feel摸起来。根据答语“you can have one in five minutes”可知,蛋糕还没做好,说话人还没有吃到蛋糕,是通过气味感知到的,所以用smell。
29.She is always ________and ready to help others.
A.in my opinion B.in a good mood C.a few D.make sure
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她总是心情很好,并且乐意帮助别人。in my opinion意为“在我看来”;in a good mood表示“心情好”;a few意思是“几个;一些”;make sure是“确保;务必”的意思。根据“and ready to help others”可知,前面说的应该是她总是心情很好,所以用in a good mood符合语境。
30.The project was ________ because of the team’s hard work.
A.successfully B.success C.succeed D.successful
【答案】D
【详解】句意:由于团队的努力工作,这个项目很成功。successfully成功地,副词;success成功,名词;succeed成功,动词;successful成功的,形容词。句中was是系动词,后面需要接形容词作表语。应填successful。
四、完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
When I was in junior high school, I felt lonely at first. The schoolwork was hard, and I didn’t want to take part in any class activities. That made me 31 .
One day, my teacher 32 me to join the school band. 33 I was afraid, I decided to have a try.
At first, I could hardly play any instruments. But slowly, I discovered my love for playing the guitar. My band members helped 34 with practice, and we got along well. I was no longer worried about being alone. Instead, I felt happy and excited.
However, 35 came. Before our first performance (表演), I caught the flu and I was afraid I couldn’t do well. I didn’t know what to do. At that time, my friends gave me a lot of help. They also 36 me, saying “Don’t worry. Just do your best!” Their words calmed me down. Finally, the show turned out to be 37 . The audience’s (观众的) laughter and 38 made all the effort worthwhile (值得做的).
Looking back, I learned that growth happens through changes. 39 pressure, discovering new interests, and learning to work with others shaped me into a brave and 40 person. Now, I’m no longer afraid of challenges because I know they help me shine.
31.A.lively B.nervous C.surprised
32.A.taught B.ordered C.advised
33.A.Because B.Though C.When
34.A.me B.them C.us
35.A.chances B.benefits C.challenges
36.A.encouraged B.controlled C.touched
37.A.awful B.boring C.successful
38.A.congratulations B.marks C.conversations
39.A.Putting out B.Dealing with C.Focusing on
40.A.shy B.confident C.noisy
【答案】
31.B 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.C 36.A 37.C 38.A 39.B 40.B
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者初中时因孤独和学业压力感到焦虑,后在老师建议下加入乐队,克服挑战,最终收获自信与成长的故事。
【详解】31.句意:学业很难,而且我不想参加任何班级活动。那让我感到紧张焦虑。
根据上文,“I felt lonely at first. The schoolwork was hard, and I didn’t want to take part in any class activities.”表明作者内心孤独,学业压力大,产生负面情绪,应用nervous。
32.句意:一天,我的老师建议我加入学校乐队。
老师通常是建议而非命令学生做某事,advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”,固定搭配,应用advise。
33.句意:虽然我很害怕,但我决定试一试。
“I was afraid”与“decided to have a try”之间存在转折让步关系,应用Though引导让步状语从句。Because表原因,When表时间,逻辑不通。
34.句意:我的乐队成员帮助我练习。
根据主语“My band members”可知,帮助的对象是“我”,动词help后接宾格me。
35.句意:然而,挑战来了。
However表转折,后文提到演出前“我”得了流感,害怕表现不好,这属于挑战,应用challenges。chances“机会”以及benefits“好处”均不符合语境。
36.句意:他们也鼓励我。
“Don’t worry. Just do your best!”表明朋友们在鼓励我,应用encouraged。controlled“控制”以及touched“触动”均不符合语境。
37.句意:最后,演出结果是成功的。
下文“...made all the effort worthwhile (值得做的).”表示“所有的努力都值得”,说明演出很成功,应用successful。awful“糟糕的”以及boring“无聊的”均不符合语境。
38.句意:观众的笑声和祝贺让所有努力都值得。
演出很成功,观众会发出笑声并送上祝贺,应用congratulations。marks“分数”以及conversations“交谈”均不符合语境。
39.句意:应对压力、发现新兴趣、学习与人合作把我塑造成了一个勇敢的人。
deal with pressure表示“应对压力”,固定搭配,贴合成长主题。putting out“扑灭”以及focusing on“专注于”均不符合语境。
40.句意:这些经历把我塑造成一个勇敢且自信的人。
“no longer afraid of challenges”表明作者变得自信勇敢,confident与brave并列,符合成长变化。shy“害羞的”以及noisy“吵闹的”均不符合语境。
五、阅读理解
Of course, you do not want to spend your holiday ill in bed. So what can you do to keep healthy when traveling? There are some things you should remember when you travel: sleep, relax and eat well.
First, if you want to stay healthy, you need to get enough sleep. Your hotel room may be noisy or the bed may not be good. You may not get enough sleep for other reasons. So you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day. That extra (额外的) hour can help you a lot.
Second, a holiday should be a time for relaxing, but it is often not. Think about what you do when you are traveling. There are so many places to visit: museums, shops, parks... You may feel very exhausted after you spend most of the day walking around these places. Don’t walk too much. You may get sick easily: Sitting down for a few hours in a nice and quiet place is a better choice.
Third, if you want to stay healthy, you must eat well. That means eating the right food. Your body needs fresh fruit and vegetables, and some meat, milk or cheese.
Remember this: if you want to enjoy your holiday, take good care of yourself. Give your body some rest. Get enough sleep and eat good food.
41.Why may people not sleep well when they take a trip?
A.They miss their family. B.They are afraid of planes.
C.They make too much noise. D.They don’t like the beds in the hotel.
42.How does the writer like sleeping for an hour during the day when people travel?
A.Helpless B.Special C.Bad D.Useful
43.What does the underlined word “exhausted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean:
A.Tired B.Bored C.Interested D.Worried
44.The right food when people travel includes ________ according to the passage.
a.fruit b.meat c.hamburger d.cheese
A.a, b, c B.a, b, d C.a, c, d D.b, c, d
45.What’s the passage mainly about?
A.You should get enough sleep when traveling.
B.You should visit more places when traveling.
C.You should stay in good health when traveling.
D.You should pick the right food.
【答案】41.D 42.D 43.A 44.B 45.C
【导语】本篇是说明文,主要讲述旅行期间保持健康的三条建议:充足睡眠、适度放松、合理饮食。
【详解】41.原文第二段写道“Your hotel room may be noisy or the bed may not be good.”,说明酒店的床不好会导致人们睡不好。
42.原文第二段“So you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day. The extra (额外的) hour can help you a lot.”,能够看出作者认为白天睡一小时很有用。
43.原文第三段“You may feel very exhausted after you spend most of the day walking around these places.”,长时间四处游览之后人会感到疲惫,因此exhausted含义为疲惫的。
44.原文第四段“Your body needs fresh fruit and vegetables, and some meat, milk or cheese.”,文中提到fruit、meat、cheese,对应a,b,d。
45.文章开头提出问题“So what can you do to keep healthy when traveling?”,全文围绕旅行时如何保持健康展开。
六、选词填空
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
benefit keep comfortable China succeed they when away through medicine
Winter is coming, and with the colder weather, more and more people are getting sick. 46 you have a cold, cough, or headache, doctors often advise: “Drink more hot water.” Why?
The tradition of drinking hot water dates back to about 4,000 years ago in China. Sometimes, hot water is like magic 47 for Chinese. When you feel a little 48 , your friends or family members may advise you to drink some hot water. In 49 opinion, hot water is useful for some illnesses. In old days, hot water also helped people get 50 a lot of difficult moments. By boiling (煮沸) water to make drinking water safe, a lot of people 51 in preventing (预防) diseases and stopping them from spreading. Hot water also helped poor people 52 warm in cold winters. According to 53 culture, drinking hot water can provide “yang” energy. The energy is very good for our health. It can keep our body running well and help us stay 54 from illnesses.
With all these 55 , hot water is always popular among Chinese people. Do you like drinking hot water?
【答案】
46.When 47.medicine 48.uncomfortable 49.their 50.through 51.succeeded 52.keep 53.Chinese 54.away 55.benefits
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国人喝热水的传统及其背后的健康益处,从历史渊源、预防疾病、提供能量等多个角度解释了为什么热水在中国文化中如同“灵丹妙药”般受欢迎。
【详解】46.句意:当你感冒、咳嗽或头痛时,医生通常会建议:“多喝热水。”根据句意可知,空格处引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,且位于句首首字母需大写。故填When。
47.句意:对中国人来说,有时热水就像神奇的药。空格前是形容词“magic”,此处需要填入一个名词作宾语。根据句意,热水能缓解不适,被比作“药”。medicine符合语境。
48.句意:当你感觉有点儿不舒服时,你的朋友或家人可能会建议你喝点儿热水。空格前是系动词“feel”和程度副词“a little”,此处需填入形容词作表语。根据后文建议“喝热水”可知,此时身体状态不佳,即“不舒服的”。方框中comfortable需加否定前缀变为 uncomfortable(不舒服的)。
49.句意:在他们看来,热水对某些疾病是有用的。空格后是名词“opinion”,此处需填入形容词性物主代词修饰名词。根据前文“your friends or family members”可知,此处指“他们的”看法。方框中they的形容词性物主代词为their。
50.句意:在过去,热水也帮助人们度过了许多艰难时刻。空格前是动词“get”,后接名词短语“a lot of difficult moments”。此处考查固定搭配get through,意为“度过(难关)、熬过”。
51.句意:通过煮沸水使饮用水安全,许多人在预防疾病和阻止疾病传播方面取得了成功。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语“In old days”可知,句子时态为一般过去时。固定搭配succeed in doing sth.意为“在做某事方面成功”。方框中succeed需变为过去式succeeded。
52.句意:热水也帮助穷人在寒冷的冬天保持温暖。此处考查固定搭配 help sb. (to) do sth.(帮助某人做某事),空格处应填动词原形。冬天借助热水保持温暖,方框中keep(保持)符合语境。
53.句意:根据中国文化,喝热水可以提供“阳”气。空格后是名词“culture”,此处需填入形容词修饰名词。根据全文主题及前文提到的“in China”可知,此处指“中国的”文化。方框中China的形容词形式为Chinese。
54.句意:它可以使我们的身体运转良好,并帮助我们远离疾病。固定搭配 stay away from,意为“远离……、避开……”。方框中away符合语境。
55.句意:有了所有这些益处,热水在中国人中总是很受欢迎。空格前是指示代词“these”,此处需填入可数名词的复数形式。根据上文列举的预防疾病、保暖、提供阳气等内容可知,这些都是喝热水的“益处”。方框中benefit(益处)需变为复数benefits。
七、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2025, our country carried out a special “Sports and Health Year” activity. This activity encourages everyone, 56 (especial) students to do more sports and care more about their health. So far, schools have organized many kinds of sports events 57 (get) students to move and develop their interest in sports.
Doing sports plays 58 important role in our lives. It not only makes our bodies strong but also keeps us healthy. There are many kinds of sports such as 59 (run), swimming and playing basketball. Most of the sports can help improve 60 (we) heart-lung function (心肺功能) and are good 61 the development of our muscles (肌肉). Moreover, team sports like basketball are great ways to build teamwork and friendship. When playing together, students learn to communicate and share something interesting 62 each other.
For students, sports can also help them study much 63 (well). When they exercise, their brains get more oxygen, so they can think more clearly in class. To make this activity more 64 (success), the government has built more sports centers in cities and towns. There are basketball courts, swimming pools and fitness rooms in these centers. People can go there to exercise for free.
Let’s take part in the “Sports and Health Year” activity and make sports part of our 65 (day) life!
【答案】
56.especially 57.to get 58.an 59.running 60.our 61.for 62.with 63.better 64.successful 65.daily
【导语】本文结合国家施行的“体育与健康年”活动,介绍了运动对人类的好处。
【详解】56.句意:这项活动鼓励每个人,尤其是学生,多做运动,多关心自己的健康。空处需使用especial的副词形式especially“尤其是”,表示强调。
57.句意:到目前为止,学校已经组织了很多种类的运动活动,促使学生动起来并提高他们的运动兴趣。根据“schools have organized many kinds of sports events”可知,组织这些活动的“目的”是让学生动起来,应使用get的不定式to get作目的状语。
58.句意:做运动在我们的生活中发挥很重要的作用。play an important role为固定搭配,意为“扮演重要角色”;important以元音音素/ɪ/开头,故用不定冠词an。
59.句意:有很多种类的运动,例如跑步,游泳和打篮球。such as(as是介词)用于列举,其后接名词或动名词;run的动名词为running,与swimming和playing并列。
60.句意:大多数运动能帮助提高我们的心肺功能并对肌肉的发展有好处。修饰名词短语“heart-lung function”,需用形容词性物主代词;we对应our。
61.句意:大多数运动能帮助提高我们的心肺功能并对肌肉的发展有好处。be good for为固定搭配,意为“对……有好处”,因此填for。
62.句意:当一起玩耍时,学生们学会互相交流并分享有趣的事情。share...with...为固定搭配,意为“与……分享……”,因此填with。
63.句意:对于学生来说,运动也能帮助他们更好地学习。much修饰比较级,well的比较级为better,意为“更好地”。
64.句意:为了使活动更成功,政府在城市和城镇里已经建造了更多的运动中心。“make+宾语+形容词作宾补”意为“使……变得……”,此处指“使这项活动变得更成功”,success对应的形容词为successful。
65.句意:让我们加入“体育与健康年”活动,让运动成为我们日常生活的一部分。修饰名词life,需用形容词;day对应的形容词为daily。
八、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,简略回答问题。
Today, people want to keep healthy through sports and exercise. But some of them have some wrong ideas about it.
“A plate of chicken is a good meal before games because it has much energy.”
In fact, the best meal before games should have carbohydrates (碳水化合物). Food like potatoes, bread, bananas are rich (富有……的) in them, but chicken and meat are not.
“The best time to exercise is early in the morning.”
Morning is a good time to exercise, but it may not be good for you. If an afternoon or evening time is right for you, and you enjoy the feeling of getting healthier, you can choose any time to exercise. So there is no fixed (固定的) time for you to exercise.
“If you drink water when you exercise, you’ll feel tired.”
The fact is that you must have some water during breaks (休息时间) when you exercise. And after exercising, you must have enough water. If you don’t drink enough water, then you may feel tired.
“Exercising every day is quite important.”
Wrong. Too much exercise is bad for our health. You need to give your body a day of rest.
66.What food is rich in carbohydrates?
67.What is the best time to exercise according to the writer?
68.How may you feel if you don’t drink enough water after exercising?
69.What are the right ideas to keep healthy according to the writer? (至少列举两条)
70.What’s your idea about keeping healthy?
【答案】
66. Potatoes, bread and bananas.
67. There is no fixed time.
68. Tired.
69. Eat carbohydrates before games and drink enough water.
70.We should eat healthy food and exercise properly.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们关于运动和健康的一些错误观念,并针对这些观念给出了正确的建议。
【详解】66.根据文章第2段“Food like potatoes, bread, bananas are rich in them”可知,富含碳水化合物的食物是土豆、面包和香蕉。故填Potatoes, bread and bananas.
67.根据文章第3段“So there is no fixed time for you to exercise”可知,锻炼没有最佳固定时间,任何适合的时间都可以。故填There is no fixed time.
68.根据文章第4段“If you don't drink enough water, then you may feel tired”可知,运动后水喝不足会感到疲倦。故填Tired.
69.根据全文内容,作者提出的正确建议包括赛前吃碳水化合物、选择合适时间锻炼、补充水分、不要每天锻炼等,任选两条即可。故填Eat carbohydrates before games and drink enough water.
70.本题为开放性试题,结合个人健康观念作答即可,言之有理即可。故填We should eat healthy food and exercise properly.
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