Unit 1 Food Matters 单元知识滚动练（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（译林版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义聚焦单元知识滚动复习，涵盖语法（词性转换如vary→various、固定搭配如link to/with）、词汇运用（depend on等短语）、句子结构（only to do句型）及主题语篇阅读（咖啡历史、日本软糖）、七选五（健康饮食），构建从基础到综合的学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，语法填空强化语言知识运用，主题语篇阅读通过细节理解和推理题提升分析推断能力。课中辅助教师检测知识掌握，课后帮助学生巩固基础、查漏补缺，培养自主学习能力。

作业5　单元知识滚动练 [分值：72.5分] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．It is believed that studying abroad will enable you to have various(vary) experiences. 2．You may depend on it that our survival is linked to/with the survival of the rainforest. 3．Contrary to popular belief，appropriate exercise actually lowers your appetite for food. 4．It’s said that fog is harmful to our health，so we should wear masks on foggy(fog) days. 5．You should always check the security(secure) symbols when using an online site for shopping. 6．The firm is working on a new product in combination(combine) with several overseas partners. 7．The government has been accused of not responding appropriately(appropriate) to the needs of the homeless. 8．In many emergencies，first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from turning worse and provide relief(relieve) from pain. 9．The only thing we should do now is (to) go (go) on studying hard. 10．It took us a few hours to persuade(persuade) him to give up such a foolish idea. Ⅱ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up. 2．People in the flood-stricken areas are crying out for food and clean water. 3．I did an experiment of mixing blue with yellow and found it came to green. 4．A person’s value lies in how much he contributes but not in how much he obtains. 5．You have cheated her so many times，so just saying “Trust me” won’t do the trick. Ⅲ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．People have different gestures that vary from hand movements to facial expressions. 人们有不同的身势语，从手部动作到面部表情等。 2．I tore the box，only to discover that some of the parts were missing. 我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。 3．Classmates took turns to take care of the boy whose leg was injured last week. 同学们轮流照顾上周腿部受伤的男孩。 4．Johnson won’t give up his dream no matter how difficult the way to success is. 无论通往成功的道路有多么艰难，约翰逊都不会放弃他的梦想。 5．It is estimated that more than 3,000 jobs will be generated because of the reform. 据估计，改革将创造3 000多个就业机会。 Ⅳ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Using genes from coffee plants from around the world，researchers built a family tree for the world’s most popular kind of coffee.Scientists call it Coffea arabica.Coffee lovers know it simply as “arabica”． The researchers recently published a new study about coffee.They found that the species appeared around 600,000 years ago.The plant was likely the result of natural breeding(繁殖) of two other coffee species and likely developed without the help of humans. Wild coffee plants likely started in Ethiopia.But they are thought to have been first roasted(炒) and brewed in Yemen starting in the 1400s.In the 1600s，Indian monk Baba Budan is said to have taken seven raw coffee beans back to his homeland from Yemen，laying the beginnings for coffee’s worldwide takeover. Arabica coffee，loved for its smooth and sweet flavour，now makes up 60 to 70 percent of the global coffee market.The rest of the market is made up of robusta，a stronger and more bitter-tasting coffee made from one of arabica’s parents，Coffea canephora. To learn about arabica coffee’s past，researchers studied the genetic information and they also studied more than 30 different arabica plants.One of the plants was a sample from the 1700s provided by the Natural History Museum in London.The Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus used that plant to give coffee its scientific name.Researchers from a big Swiss food company，which owns several coffee brands，helped with the study. The arabica plant’s population changed over thousands of years before humans began growing it.The arabica plants did well during warm，wet periods and suffered through dry ones.These difficult times created what scientists call “population bottlenecks”，when only a small number of genetically similar plants survived. Today，these genetic similarities mean arabica coffee plants are more likely to be hurt by diseases like coffee leaf rust(锈病)，which causes costly losses every year.The researchers explored the makeup of one arabica variety that is resistant to coffee leaf rust.They are interested in parts of its genetic code that could help protect the plant. Exploring arabica’s past and present could help give information about how to keep coffee plants healthy—ensuring morning cups of coffee into the future. 1．When did people start creating coffee products probably? A．About 600,000 years ago. B．In the 1400s. C．In the 1600s. D．In the 1700s. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “But they are thought to have been first roasted(炒) and brewed in Yemen starting in the 1400s.”可知，人们大概是在15世纪开始生产咖啡产品的。故选B。 2．What can we learn about Coffea canephora from the text? A．It occupies the vast majority of the market share. B．It is more popular among coffee lovers. C．It has a certain connection with Coffea arabica. D．Scientists use it to give coffee its scientific name. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The rest of the market is made up of robusta，a stronger and more bitter-tasting coffee made from one of arabica’s parents，Coffea canephora.”可推知，中粒咖啡是阿拉比卡咖啡的前身，它们有一定的联系。故选C。 3．Why have researchers established a family tree for Coffea arabica? A．To search for common genes. B．To explore the history of the coffee industry. C．To open up new coffee producing areas. D．To improve the disease resistance of coffee plants. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，阿拉比卡咖啡的植株在如今更有可能被咖啡叶锈病侵害，研究人员探索了一种抗咖啡叶锈病的阿拉比卡咖啡品种的构成，其遗传密码有助于保护阿拉比卡的植株，所以可推知研究者建立阿拉比卡咖啡族谱是为了提高咖啡植株的抗病性。故选D。 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Genetic Changes in Coffee B．Researchers’ Study About Coffee’s Past C．Development of Various Types of Coffee D．The Situation Faced by the Coffee Industry 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，本文主要讲了研究人员对咖啡历史的研究及发现。故选B。 B (2025·江苏连云港赣榆区高二上期中) A Japanese candy company has produced gummy candy(软糖) that tastes like an “imaginary fruit” called Kiraspika. The gummy candy market continued to expand throughout 2023，with fruit-flavored gummies being the most popular.While there are plenty of fruit flavors to choose from，including fruit combinations，companies are still limited to the fruits available in our world.But what if someone broke down barriers and started making candy that tastes like imaginary fruits? That was the genius idea that Japanese sweets maker Kanro recently came up with.Two months ago，the company launched a new type of gummy candy that tastes like “Kiraspika no Mi”，a made-up fruit with an original flavor，design，and even an origin story. According to the Kanro official website，the star-shaped Kiraspika only grows in the mountainous region of Blue Knife，where temperatures drop to －50 degrees Celsius in winter.It is very difficult to obtain，as when the fruit ripens，on a full-moon night around the winter solstice，the fruit explodes as a mechanism to spread its seeds.Pieces of the fruit fly at a speed of 300 meters per second，and a direct hit can be fatal. Everything about Kiraspika was invented in Kanro’s fruit lab where its flavor experts combined various existing flavors to create an entirely original one.According to its designers，the Kiraspika-flavored gummy candy has a mysterious sweetness combined with a sliced sourness，but many tasters have their own description.To some，the Kiraspika flavor can be compared to that of an energy drink，others say it tastes a bit like a spicy apple，while some compare its sweetness to that of cherry gummies，combined with a tongue-numbing spiciness.It is the mystery of the flavor and the personal interpretations that make Kanro’s product so popular.Having been launched in September in the 7-Eleven convenience store chain，Kiraspika gummies have been selling out，and the Japanese company is already working on new creations in its Fantasy Fruit Lab. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家日本糖果公司推出的一款名为Kiraspika的“空想水果”口味的软糖。 5．Which can describe the special gummy candy? A．It had no flavor at all. B．It only appeared in the story. C．It had a combined flavor of fruit. D．It tasted like nothing you’ve ever eaten. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“But what if someone broke down barriers and started making candy that tastes like imaginary fruits？...a new type of gummy candy that tastes like ‘Kiraspika no Mi’，a made-up fruit with an original flavor，design，and even an origin story.”可知，这种特殊的软糖的味道是以前从没有的。故选D。 6．Why did Kanro post on the official website? A．To sell products online. B．To impress consumers. C．To retell a story. D．To introduce a fruit. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Kanro在官方网站上发布了关于Kiraspika的详细描述，包括其生长地、采摘难度以及独特的爆炸机制等，这样的描述很可能是为了吸引消费者，增加他们对这款软糖的兴趣。由此推知，Kanro在官方网站上发布信息是为了给消费者留下深刻印象。故选B。 7．What will the Japanese company do next? A．Imagine a story. B．Market its new product. C．Expand its business. D．Explore more fruits. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“the Japanese company is already working on new creations in its Fantasy Fruit Lab”可知，这家日本公司已经在研究新产品了，由此推知，接下来该公司会将其新产品推向市场。故选B。 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A Japanese Gummy Candy Tastes like a Fruit that Doesn’t Exist B．Japanese Gummy Candies Are Mainly Made from Various Fruits C．A Japanese Company Achieves Big Success in Gummy Candies D．A Japanese Company Constantly Comes Up with Novel Ideas 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是第一段“A Japanese candy company has produced gummy candy(软糖) that tastes like an ‘imaginary fruit’ called Kiraspika.”可知，本文主要介绍了日本糖果公司推出的一款“空想水果”口味的软糖，A项(一款日本软糖的味道像一种不存在的水果)最能概括文章主旨，可作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。 Ⅴ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2024·广东佛山高二上期末质检) Healthy Eating There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet.For example，scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. 1 People who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day. 2 On average，people get 1/3 of their sugar through sweet drinks alone.You need to limit yourselves to less than 100－150 calories a day from sugar.In other words，if you want to be healthy，you have to cut down on desserts，and cut out sweet drinks altogether. Beyond this，you can keep healthy by consuming different types of fresh foods，which are full of vitamins and fibre，rather than processed foods.It is also important to have some meat，beans，or dairy products in your diet.As with everything in life，moderation(适度) is key. 3 Finally，a key to healthy eating is to eat slowly.It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. 4 In addition，studies show that consistent eating habits，for example，taking three meals a day at the same time each day，are better for our health. There is no one secret to healthy eating. 5 One question you can ask yourself is，“Do I eat to live，or live to eat？” It is up to you to decide how you want to live，and to make the right decisions about your diet. A．It starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. B．Processed foods often contain a large amount of sugar. C．Healthy foods help protect you against lots of diseases. D．Much of extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. E．What this means is that people who eat too quickly end up eating too much. F．The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing. G．However，there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is sugar. 1．答案　G 解析　根据下文“People who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.”可知，健康状况不佳的真正罪魁祸首是糖。故选G。 2．答案　D 解析　根据下文“On average，people get 1/3 of their sugar through sweet drinks alone.”可推知，空处说明糖的来源。D选项“很多额外的糖来自甜食和糖饮料”切题，故选D。 3．答案　F 解析　根据上文“As with everything in life，moderation(适度) is key.”可知，适度是最重要的。F选项“理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种东西不能吃太多也不能吃太少”承接上文，并进一步说明，故选F。 4．答案　E 解析　根据上文“Finally，a key to healthy eating is to eat slowly.It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full.”可知，慢进食也是健康饮食的关键，选项E承接上文，说明吃太快会产生不好的影响。故选E。 5．答案　A 解析　根据下文“One question you can ask yourself is，‘Do I eat to live，or live to eat？’ It is up to you to decide how you want to live，and to make the right decisions about your diet.”可知，要对食物有个正确的态度。A选项“它(健康饮食)始于对食物有一个正常合理的态度”切题，故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $