单元检测卷(二)(Units 3～4)（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选修第一册学习笔记（译林版·新教材）

本讲义聚焦高中英语Units 3～4核心知识，构建从听力理解到写作输出的完整学习支架。听力涵盖日常对话与独白，训练细节捕捉与语境推断能力；阅读包含应用文、记叙文、说明文等体裁，培养信息筛选与逻辑分析能力；语言运用通过完形填空和语法填空巩固词汇语法及语境理解；写作则结合祝贺信与读后续写，提升规范表达与情节构思能力。 该资料以真实语境为载体，助力核心素养培育。听力材料贴近生活场景，如旅行、日常交流等，提升学生语言理解与表达能力；阅读选材涵盖自然保护、科技发展等主题，引导学生分析推断，培养思维品质；写作任务提供范文参考，帮助学生掌握写作策略，发展学习能力。课中辅助教师精准教学，课后便于学生自主回顾，查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

单元检测卷二第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one, do you take cream and sugar in your coffee? No. thanks. The doctor told me to eat less sweet food. Sorry, i've forgot. IT you told me earlier. Text, too, how dear, I have a locked the key in my room again, how I wish I could remember IT. Well, don't worry, these things . happen a lot. What can we do now? Dial nine one one. Text three, when does the next bus leave? You've just missed one by five minutes. Oh my god, how bad IT is? Buses leave every twenty minutes, so you'll have to wait . a little while. I might as well wait. Text for how annoying this thing breaks down almost once a week. IT needs to be repaired. IT sure does. But we have to walk up six floors of stairs at the moment. Well, it's not bad for me to have a walk before work. Text five hi, jim. I haven't seen you for several days. Have you moved into your new house already? Yes, and i'm so excited about IT. Why are you so excited? I used to live in a small cold room all the year round, but now things have completely changed. 第二节，听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Text six hello, golden valley travel agency. Hello, i'm calling . the cancel a reservation I made earlier in the week OK. But to cancel your reservation, I need your name, phone number and the date . of your trip. Rudy land of eight, one, eight, five, five, five, one, two, three, four. My reservation begins on the second monday of April. I see your reservation on my computer. Let me just cancel IT and your reservation will be deleted. thanks. I'll call again when things get Better at home. You're welcome. Hello, golden valley travel agency. Hello. i'm calling to cancel a reservation I made earlier in the week. Okay, but to cancel your reservation, I need your name, phone number and the date of your trip. Rudy ran dolph, eight, one, eight, five, five, five, one, two, three, four. My reservation begins on the second monday of April. I see your reservation on my computer. Let me just cancel IT and your reservation will be deleted. thanks. I'll call again. When things get Better at home. you're welcome. 听第七段材料，回答第八、九题。Text seven hello, i've got to get up early tomorrow, so please give me a wake up call. Of course, we can give you a call anytime you like. Actually, I need two calls, one at seven and the other at seven. Fifteen. you are wishes our command expect a call at seven and another one at seven fifteen minute. I don't like seven fifteen now that I think about IT change IT to seven thirty. The second call is now changed to seven thirty. Is there anything else we can do for you? Nothing right now. If something comes up though. i'll call you. We're here all night long, if you need anything. Hello, i've got to get up early tomorrow, so please give me a wake up call. Of course, we can give you a call any time you like. Actually, I need two calls, one at seven and the other at seven fifteen. Your wishes, our command expect a call at seven and another one at seven fifteen. Wait a minute. I don't like seven fifteen. Now that I think about IT change IT to seven thirty. the second call is now changed to seven thirty. Is there anything else we can do . for you nothing right now if something comes up, though. i'll call you where here all night long, if you need anything. 听第八段材料，回答第10至12题。Text eight Jerry, is that you? Hey, Jenny. how are you doing? I don't think i've seen you in over five years. I know it's been a long time. It's funny to run into you on Christmas eve. Yeah, isn't that funny? Why aren't you at home with your family? My family doesn't live here. They moved to texas three years ago. I see. Well, why didn't you fly home to texas for the holidays? I have to work tomorrow. Why did you go home? I wanted to, but I didn't have enough money to buy . a plane ticket. I'm sorry you could not go home. How was everything else going? I'm OK, but i'm having trouble finding a job. What's up with you? I can't complain. My job is going well, and I have a nice apartment. Since we're both alone for the holidays, we should have . dinner together. Sounds good. Let's go. Jerry. Is that you? Hey. Jenny, how are you doing? I don't think i've seen you in over . five years. I know it's been a long time. It's funny to run into you . on Christmas. eave. Yeah, isn't that funny? Why aren't you at home with your family? My family doesn't live here. They moved to texas three years ago. I see. Well, why didn't you fly home to texas for the holidays? I have to work tomorrow. Why didn't you go home? I wanted to, but I didn't have enough money to buy a plane ticket. I'm sorry you could not go home. How was everything else going? I'm OK, but i'm having trouble finding a job. What's up with you? I can't complain. My job is going well, and I have a nice apartment. Since we're both alone for the holidays, we should have dinner together. Sounds good. Let's go. 听第九段材料，回答第13至16题。Text nine hey, mike, good to have you back. You look exhaustive. Hi, mary. Yeah, i'm totally beat. I can barely keep my eyes open. Was in a rough trip. Well. IT was actually pretty productive, but all the flying really got to me a jet lag. Yep, I flew from . beijing to boston for a meeting, and then got on a plane to go to the trade fare in Frankford, then back to beijing before catching a train back to shanghai. Wow, that's a lot of traveling. No one do. You're exhausted. The worst thing was adJusting to the time zones. It's so hard to get used . to the difference. Yeah, it's hard. You know, jet lag only hits of you travel east west or west east. You could fly from germany to cape town in south africa and you wouldn't feel anything . right because it's all in the same time zone. Unfortunately for me, all my travel was between different time zones. I've got to say i'm really suffering. Why is jet leg . so annoying? I know what you mean. Well, you will be OK once you get some rest. Hey, mike, good to have you back. You look exhausted. Hi, mary. Yeah, i'm totally beat. I can barely keep my eyes open. Was that a rough trip? Well. IT was actually pretty productive, but all the flying really got to me ah jet lag. Yep, I flew from . beijing to boston for a meeting, and then got on a plane to go to the trade fare in Frankford, then back to beijing before catching a train back to shanghai. Wow, that's a lot of traveling. No wonder you're exhausted. The worst thing was adJusting to the time zones. It's so hard to get used to the difference. Yeah, it's hard. You know, jet lag only hits. If you travel east west or west east, you could fly from germany to cape town in south africa and you wouldn't feel anything . right because it's all in the same time zone. Unfortunately for me, all my travel was between different time zones. I've got to say i'm really suffering. Why is jet leg . so annoying? I know what you mean. Well, you will be OK once you get some rest. 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。Text ten holidays are happy days with pleasurable activities and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with those delicious foods. With proper planning, though, IT is possible to control your weight, the idea is to enjoy the holidays, but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you do not miss meals before you leave home for a big dinner, have a small low fat snack. This may help to keep you from over reading. When you see tables full of delicious food, begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate. A large plate will encourage you to have more than you need. Stay away from high fat foods. Dishes that look oilily or creamy have a lot of fat in them. Choose meets containing little or no fat. Fill your played with salad and Green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try fruits. They don't have as much fat as cream and chocolate. Don't take a break from exercise during the holidays. A twenty minute walk after a meal can help burn off extra calories. Holidays are happy days with pleasurable activities and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with those delicious foods. With proper planning, though, IT is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays, but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you do not miss meals before you leave home for a big dinner, have a small low fat snack. This may help to keep you from over reading. When you see tables full of delicious food, begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel for use a small plate. A large plate will encourage you to have more than you need. Stay away from high fat foods. Dishes that look oiled or creamy have a lot of fat in them. Choose meat containing little or no fat. Fill your plate with salad and Green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try fruits. They don't have as much fat as cream and chocolate. Don't take a break from exercise during the holidays. A twenty minute walk after a meal can help burn off extra calories. 单元检测卷(二)(Units 3～4) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．What are the two speakers doing at the moment? A．Drinking coffee. B．Doing the shopping. C．Seeing the doctor. 2．What does the man mean? A．It’s easy to forget the key. B．People often make the same mistakes. C．He takes the key out of the room. 3．How long will the man have to wait for the next bus? A．25 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．15 minutes. 4．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In the car. B．On the bus. C．Outside of the lift. 5．Why is the man so excited? A．He has got married. B．He has moved into a new house. C．His small cold house has been sold. 第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What’s the man’s number? A．818－555－1234. B．880－555－1234. C．818－535－1234. 7．Why does the man cancel the reservation? A．He has to attend an important conference. B．He has something to deal with at home. C．He doesn’t like travelling at all. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In the hotel. B．At the airport. C．In the office. 9．When does the man want the second call? A．At 7：00.　　B．At 7：15.　　C．At 7：30. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．When did the two speakers meet last? A．Five years ago. B．Three years ago. C．Two years ago. 11．Why does the woman stay here? A．She wants to accompany her family. B．She has to work tomorrow. C．She can’t afford the plane ticket. 12．Where will the two speakers go? A．To the cinema. B．To the concert hall. C．To the restaurant. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What does the man think of his trip? A．Productive. B．Comfortable. C．Time-saving. 14．Why did the man go to Frankfurt? A．To attend a trade fair. B．To attend a meeting. C．To make a speech. 15．How did the man travel from Beijing to Shanghai? A．By air. B．By train. C．By bus. 16．Which country does the woman mention in the conversation? A．America. B．Britain. C．Germany. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the talk mainly about? A．How to control our weight during holidays. B．How to enjoy holidays with families and friends. C．What to do before going to a party. 18．What does the speaker suggest having before a feast? A．A small glass of wine. B．A large glass of water. C．A small low-fat snack. 19．What plate does the speaker advise us to use? A．A big one. B．A small one. C．A medium one. 20．How long does the speaker advise us to walk after a meal? A．10 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. 答案　1.A　2.B　3.C　4.C　5.B　6.A　7.B 8．A　9.C　10.A　11.B　12.C　13.A　14.A 15．B　16.C　17.A　18.C　19.B　20.B 听力材料 Text 1 M：Do you take cream and sugar in your coffee? W：No，thanks.The doctor told me to eat less sweet food. M：Sorry，I forgot it.You told me earlier. Text 2 W：Oh，dear，I have locked the key in my room again.How I wish I could remember it! M：Well，don’t worry.These things happen a lot. W：What can we do now? M：Dial 911. Text 3 M：When does the next bus leave? W：You’ve just missed one by five minutes. M：Oh，my God! How bad it is! W：Buses leave every 20 minutes，so you’ll have to wait a little while. M：I might as well wait. Text 4 W：How annoying! This thing breaks down almost once a week. M：It needs to be repaired. W：It sure does.But we have to walk up six floors of stairs at the moment. M：Well，it’s not bad for me to have a walk before work. Text 5 W：Hi，Jim.I haven’t seen you for several days.Have you moved into your new house already? M：Yes，and I’m so excited about it. W：Why are you so excited? M：I used to live in a small cold room all the year round，but now things have completely changed! Text 6 W：Hello.Golden Valley Travel Agency. M：Hello.I’m calling to cancel a reservation I made earlier in the week. W：OK.But to cancel your reservation，I need your name，phone number，and the date of your trip. M：Rudy Randolph,818－555－1234.My reservation begins on the second Monday of April. W：I see your reservation on my computer.Let me just cancel it，and your reservation will be deleted. M：Thanks.I’ll call again when things get better at home. W：You’re welcome. Text 7 M：Hello，I’ve got to get up early tomorrow，so please give me a wake-up call. W：Of course.We can give you a call any time you like. M：Actually，I need two calls，one at 7 and the other at 7：15. W：Your wish is our command.Expect a call at 7，and another one at 7：15. M：Wait a minute! I don’t like 7：15，now that I think about it.Change it to 7：30. W：The second call is now changed to 7：30.Is there anything else we can do for you? M：Nothing right now.If something comes up，though，I’ll call you. W：We’re here all night long if you need anything. Text 8 W：Jerry，is that you? M：Hey，Jenny! How are you doing? I don’t think I’ve seen you in over five years! W：I know! It’s been a long time.It’s funny to run into you on Christmas Eve! M：Yeah，isn’t that funny? Why aren’t you at home with your family? W：My family doesn’t live here.They moved to Texas three years ago. M：I see.Well，why didn’t you fly home to Texas for the holidays? W：I have to work tomorrow.Why didn’t you go home? M：I wanted to，but I didn’t have enough money to buy a plane ticket. W：I’m sorry you couldn’t go home.How is everything else going? M：I’m OK，but I’m having trouble finding a job.What’s up with you? W：I can’t complain.My job is going well and I have a nice apartment.Since we’re both alone for the holidays，we should have dinner together. M：Sounds good.Let’s go! Text 9 W: Hey，Mike! Good to have you back! You look exhausted! M：Hi，Mary.Yeah，I’m totally beat.I can barely keep my eyes open! W：Was it a rough trip? M：Well，it was actually pretty productive，but all the flying really got to me. W：Ah，jet lag. M：Yep.I flew from Beijing to Boston for a meeting，and then got on a plane to go to the trade fair in Frankfurt.Then back to Beijing before catching a train back to Shanghai. W：Wow! That’s a lot of traveling! No wonder you’re exhausted! M：The worst thing was adjusting to the time zones! It’s so hard to get used to the difference! W：Yeah，it’s hard.You know jet lag only hits if you travel east-west or west-east.You could fly from Germany to Cape Town in South Africa and you wouldn’t feel anything. M：Right...because it’s all in the same time zone.Unfortunately for me...all my travel was between different time zones.I’ve got to say：I’m really suffering! Why is jet lag so annoying? W：I know what you mean.Well，you will be OK once you get some rest. Text 10 Holidays are happy days with pleasurable activities and delicious foods.Many people，however，are worried about the weight that comes along with those delicious foods.With proper planning though，it is possible to control your weight.The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.The following suggestions may be of some help to you.Do not miss meals.Before you leave home for a big dinner，have a small，low-fat snack.This may help to keep you from overeating when you see tables full of delicious food. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables.A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full.Use a small plate.A large plate will encourage you to have more than you need.Stay away from high-fat foods.Dishes that look oily or creamy have a lot of fat in them.Choose meats containing little or no fat.Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.If you have a sweet tooth，try fruits.They don’t have as much fat as cream and chocolate. Don’t take a break from exercise during the holidays.A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off extra calories. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节　(共15 小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Concord Review Submission We need the best history papers and we welcome a chance to consider your best work.Essays are accepted on a “rolling admissions” basis and are qualified for the next four issues of the journal. Essay Requirements •You must be the sole author.The paper must be in English. •Essays should be in the 5,000－9,000 word range with endnotes and bibliography(参考文献)． •You may submit a paper to The Concord Review if you completed it before finishing secondary school. •Essays may be on any historical topic，ancient or modern，domestic or foreign，and must be submitted electronically. •The Concord Review does not publish charts，photos，graphs or other graphics in essays. •The paper may not have been previously published except in a publication of a secondary school that you attended. Acceptance Procedure Authors whose essays will be published are informed by letter the month before their paper comes out. Author Benefits Each author who submits a paper and submission fee，receives the next four issues of the journal in e-Book form.For an additional $30 plus shipping costs，authors may receive the print edition of the journal.The Concord Review is the first and only journal in the world which publishes the academic work of secondary students，so our reprints usually make an extraordinary contribution to an author’s college application materials. Academic Standards The best way to judge the quality of the history essays we have published is to read several of the issues of the journal.We advise that the author should prepare with considerable reading on the topic and that the essay go through at least one draft before it is polished and proofread for submission. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了The Concord Review期刊的投稿要求、作者福利和学术标准等内容。 21．Which essay may meet the submission requirements? A．One written in Spanish. B．One within 10,000 words. C．One with charts and graphs. D．One never published before. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Essay Requirements部分中的“The paper may not have been previously published except in a publication of a secondary school that you attended.”可知D项正确。故选D。 22．What can the author get after submitting a paper and submission fee? A．An additional $30. B．An academic certificate. C．The following four issues of e-journal. D．University application forms. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Author Benefits部分中的“Each author who submits a paper and submission fee，receives the next four issues of the journal in e-Book form.”可知，作者在提交论文和提交费用后可以得到该杂志接下来四期的电子书。故选C。 23．Who is the text intended for? A．News reporters. B．High school students. C．College students. D．History teachers. 答案　B 解析　读者对象题。根据Author Benefits部分中的“The Concord Review is the first and only journal in the world which publishes the academic work of secondary students，so our reprints usually make an extraordinary contribution to an author’s college application materials.”可判断，这篇文章是为高中生而写的。故选B。 B In 1985，Charlie Burrell inherited(继承) a piece of land in West Sussex，England，which is 3,500 acres.It had been in his family for more than 200 years.As it was a failing farm，he and his wife，Isabella Tree，were all set to run a traditional farm，but soon they realized the costs far outweighed the profits.The land wasn’t suitable for growing crops any more. So in 2001，the couple decided to try something else—an experiment in “rewilding”，or restoring environments to their natural state.They reintroduced native species，including Tamworth pigs，Exmoor ponies，longhorn cattle，and deer.Then they took out all the fences and let the animals wander freely. In the following years，the land went through an incredible change.The once neat fields were covered with bushes，creating habitats where new plants and animal species could grow. Now it’s home to many different creatures，including two rare species of bats，nightingales，peregrine falcons，white storks，and even turtle doves，whose numbers have dropped by 98 percent in the UK over the last few decades! “We were living in a biological desert.Now，ecologists are blown away all the time by just the amount of life here，” Isabella said.“It shows the potential that this kind of project has for changing trends of biodiversity decline.” What’s more，the land is now profitable! Charlie and Isabella offer multiple services there，including walking tours，safaris，photography classes，and rewilding workshops.They also sell meat to control their large animal populations，and even allow visitors to spend a night outside in the tents they set up. What a promising outcome! This is amazing news for conservationists and shows that our planet can be returned to its natural glory，if we let it.Now，it’s a beautiful reminder of how ecosystems can be restored by letting Mother Nature take the control. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妇将一块土地恢复到自然状态，不仅保护了生态环境，而且还赚到了钱的故事。 24．What did the couple do with the land? A．They planted trees on it. B．They raised animals on it. C．They transformed it into a traditional farm. D．They restored it to its natural state. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“or restoring environments to their natural state”可知，这对夫妇将土地恢复到自然状态。故选D项。 25．What does the underlined phrase “blown away” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Amused. B．Impressed. C．Disappointed. D．Confused. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“It shows the potential that this kind of project has for changing trends of biodiversity decline.”以及上文介绍这块土地上的生物种类和数量很多可以推断，这里的生命数量给生态学家们留下了深刻的印象。故选B项。 26．Which is one of the ways the couple make profits? A．Selling tents to tourists. B．Selling what they grow on the land. C．Killing animals and selling the meat. D．Drawing rare animals and selling the pictures. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They also sell meat to control their large animal populations”可知，这对夫妇的盈利方式之一是屠宰动物卖肉。故选C项。 27．What can be inferred about the couple? A．They have creative ideas. B．They succeeded through hard labor. C．They are too lazy to manage a farm. D．They care more about money than the ecosystem. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，这对夫妇想出了常人想不到的好主意，通过将土地恢复到自然状态，不仅保护了生态环境，而且还赚到了钱。由此可以推断，这对夫妇拥有创造性的想法。故选A项。 C In the near future IOT (Internet of Things) will drive huge innovation(革新)in the way our food is grown.Plants will have a “voice”，not a human voice，but a voice based on data that can tell people，computers，and machines when，for example，they are thirsty，or need more sun，medicine，etc. Take vertical(垂直的)farms for example.Farming is moving indoors where the growth of plants can be monitored and controlled.The facilities are built vertically，so growing areas can be put in piles.This greatly reduces the amount of land needed for farming. From an IOT point of view，vertical farms are connected in two ways.First，small sensors(传感器) in the soil or connected to plants tell a control system exactly how much light，water，and nutrients are needed to grow the healthiest crops.Sensors will also tell vertical farmers when crops are nearing their peak for harvesting at just the right time to make sure it’s still fresh when it reaches its final destination. Second，vertical farms will be connected to other networks and information systems，including databases that track local demand.For example，local restaurants may input when they need fresh food supplies.And vertical farmers could get that information so they know which crops to grow in what quantities.This type of IOT system would have been unimaginable a generation ago. Today，vertical farms are being experimented.Yet，the numbers point to a bright future for the industry，especially as the world’s population continues to grow.For example，Green Sense Farms in Chicago is able to harvest crops 26 times a year using 85 percent less energy，one-tenth the water，and no pesticides.A side benefit of lower energy use is lower CO2 output of two tons per month，with the added benefit of creating 46 pounds of oxygen every day. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章以“垂直农场”为例，介绍了在不久的将来，物联网将推动粮食种植方式的巨大创新与深刻变革。 28．How do sensors attached to plants work? A．By recording farmers harvesting crops. B．By monitoring farmers working in their field. C．By passing information on to a control system. D．By analyzing information to preserve crops. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，附着在植物上的传感器是通过把信息传递给控制系统而工作的。故选C。 29．What can the IOT system help to do according to Paragraph 4? A．Expand the output of crops. B．Move restaurants onto farms. C．Determine the needs of farmers. D．Match supply with demand. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段前三句可推断，物联网可以将供应和需求相匹配。故选D。 30．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of vertical farming? A．Hopeful. B．Unconcerned. C．Negative. D．Doubtful. 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句可知，a bright future(光明前景)是关键词，故可推断作者对垂直农场的未来充满了希望，故选A。 31．What is the main idea of the text? A．Voice machines help plants speak up. B．Farmers are all turning to vertical farming. C．Vertical farms driven by IOT are a future for agriculture. D．IOT has brought great innovation to our future life. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章围绕“物联网驱动下的垂直农场”展开，各段详细讲述了它的未来应用，C选项能准确概括文章主旨，故选C。 D Who has no regrets about things done in the past? Wouldn’t it be nice if，somehow，we could go back to change a couple of bad decisions? This sounds like science fiction. The laws of physics prohibit traveling back in time for many reasons.If we did travel back in time and changed the course of events，we would be altering the course of history.An example often cited is the grandfather’s paradox(悖论): If your grandfather died when he was still a high school student，he wouldn’t have met your grandmother and your father and you wouldn’t exist. Putting humans or consciousness traveling back in time aside for the moment，is there anything in science even similar? Surprisingly，yes.At the level of quantum particles(量子粒子)，there is something called Wheeler’s delayed-choice experiments that show that actions in the present can influence the past.The experiments use something called the wave-particle duality(波粒二象性) of light and of matter.The fact that the physical nature of quantum objects is undetermined until it is measured.In other words，this means that a particle of light or of matter can behave either as a wave (spreading out in space) or as a particle (staying together) depending on the measuring devices.Long and ongoing discussions about the nature of quantum physics are still trying to work out what this actually means.Do our minds determine the nature of physical reality? Should we offer food for thought for the future or the past? Unfortunately，these experiments say very little about how we could interfere with the past in events relevant to the human scale.Better to think carefully about decisions than to try to fix them backwards. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了物理定律禁止时光倒流，作者认为，我们不要试图回到过去，应该活在当下，仔细思考决策。 32．What’s the purpose of mentioning the paradox? A．To show it is interesting. B．To explain Wheeler’s tests. C．To demonstrate time is different from what we have known. D．To show it’s impossible to travel back in time. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，作者提到悖论的目的是为了证明时光倒流是不可能的。故选D。 33．What can we infer from paragraph 3? A．More research is needed in the future. B．Different measuring devices have the same result. C．These experiments can determine the nature of matter. D．Consciousness traveling back in time was tried in the experiments. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Long and ongoing discussions about the nature of quantum physics are still trying to work out what this actually means.”可推知，关于量子物理学本质的讨论仍在继续，即未来还需要更多的研究。故选A。 34．Which can best summarize the last paragraph? A．We should focus on the present. B．The future food is more nutritious. C．We can change the past from the experiments. D．It is never too late to make up for mistakes. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“Better to think carefully about decisions than to try to fix them backwards.”可知，最后一段主要介绍了人们应该活在当下，仔细思考决策，即我们应该着眼于现在。故选A。 35．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Is Changing the Past Wise? B．Can We Change the Past? C．Do Our Minds Determine the Future? D．Do the Laws of Physics Ban Traveling Back? 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段内容以及最后一段中的“Better to think carefully about decisions than to try to fix them backwards.”可知，作者提出问题“人们是否能改变过去？”后就此展开阐述，最后总结观点，人们不要试图回到过去，应该活在当下，仔细思考决策，所以“我们能改变过去吗？”适合作为文章标题。故选B。 第二节　(共5 小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Experts praise the virtues of social connectivity.It’s linked to better resistance to stress and even longer life. 36 Research suggests that loneliness increases the risk of heart disease，anxiety，depression，high blood pressure and even early death. 37 Doing things by yourself allows you to enjoy activities you love at your own pace and in your own way.Through solitary(独处) pursuits，you learn more about yourself and reflect on your experiences. 38 It is an important part of self-development.It allows you to get to know yourself.When you are surrounded by others，you might set your own ideas and passions aside in order to meet the wants and needs of your friends and family.Taking time on your own gives you a critical opportunity to make creative choices and focus your attention without worrying about what other people are thinking. 39 But research has found that people are often better at solving difficult problems when they work on their own.Where group efforts are often about achieving consensus(一致的意见) and fitting in with the crowd，solo work encourages creativity without added social pressure. Relationships are often strongest when each person takes time to take care of themselves.Even when it comes to friendships，the old saying may be true.A little absence might really make the heart grow fonder.Having friendships and a strong social support system is important for your mental health and well-being. 40 A．Being alone is harmful if it feels like a punishment. B．Being alone gives you time to focus on your interests. C．Being alone，on the other hand，is often associated with loneliness. D．Research has shown that many people actually prefer being on their own. E．However，research is increasingly showing that doing things alone does pay off. F．Brainstorming together is often seen as one of the best ways to generate new ideas. G．But being alone occasionally may make you appreciate those connections even more. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交联系和独处两种社会现象以及它们各自的优点和缺点。 36．答案　C 解析　根据空格后文可知是针对孤独的研究，根据空格前文可知空前没有提到孤独，所以空处需引出孤独这个话题，结合选项，只有C项与下文一致，故选C项。 37．答案　E 解析　空前是讲社交联系的好处，独处的坏处，而空后是在讲述独自做事情的好处，空前后句意相反，所以空处需要表转折的句子，结合选项，E项中“However”表转折，且“research is increasingly showing that doing things alone does pay off”与下文一致，故选E项。 38．答案　B 解析　空处位于句首，是段落主题句，根据空后句以及最后一句可知本段主要讲述自己独自做事情的好处，结合选项可知，B项与本段文意相符，故选B项。 39．答案　F 解析　根据空后But可知，空处语意需与空后意思相反，F项中的“Brainstorming together”与空后“work on their own”相反，且“generate new ideas”与下文中的“creativity”一致，故选F项。 40．答案　G 解析　综合全文看，文章主要讨论social connectivity和being alone这两个话题，且空前是在讲social connectivity的重要性，而作为本文最后一段做总结时，也应讲到being alone这个话题，并指出二者的关系，只有G项符合语境，故选G项。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节　(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last spring，my family went camping in the Peak District.For two whole weeks，life felt 41 —living，working，playing together， 42 by the sights，sounds and smells of the natural world. On the final night of our trip，an 43 gradually took shape: could we do this longer-term? When it came to 44 ，my husband and I had both kit and expertise.It might also be an 45 to turn the writing and photography we loved into our livelihood. After half a year of preparation，we finally 46 in September.Our first destination was New Forest National Parks and we stayed at each 47 for between one and four weeks，exploring each day from the tent door. There was no mobile signal or Wi-Fi at the campsite， 48 us from the outside world.We just 49 the best of what nature had to offer.I loved the 50 rhythm(节奏) of daily life in the tent，always starting with coffee as the steam from the camping stove rose into the morning air.We worked hard，drawing 51 for our writing and photography from our surroundings.Afternoons were for 52 —climbing mountains，paddling in streams，or simply enjoying being in and around the tent.The mountains 53 us as if in protection with a reassuring(令人安心的) skyline. It was wonderful to fully 54 the places we stayed.Sleeping with an ear to the earth，tuning into the natural rhythms of light and 55 ，there’s nothing quite like being in a tent for total immersion in a place. 41．A.quiet B．convenient C．unusual D．perfect 答案　D 解析　根据后文“living，working，playing together， by the sights，sounds and smells of the natural world”可知，旅行期间，在家人的陪伴下享受大自然会感觉到生活的美好。故选D。 42．A.guarded B．surrounded C．enveloped D．disturbed 答案　B 解析　根据后文“by the sights，sounds and smells of the natural world”可知，大自然的景象、声音和味道围绕着作者及其家人。故选B。 43．A.idea B．image C．outline D．answer 答案　A 解析　根据后文“could we do this longer-term？”可知，在最后一夜，他们有了一个想要长期露营的想法。故选A。 44．A.biking B．running C．camping D．climbing 答案　C 解析　根据前文“my family went camping in the Peak District”可知，此处指作者夫妻二人在露营方面准备充分。故选C。 45．A.excuse B．ambition C．invitation D．opportunity 答案　D 解析　根据后文“turn the writing and photography we loved into our livelihood”可知，长期露营也提供了一个把爱好变成谋生手段的机会。故选D。 46．A.checked out B．started off C．took action D．hurried off 答案　B 解析　根据后文“Our first destination was New Forest National Parks”可知，他们九月份动身了。故选B。 47．A.site B．park C．tent D．forest 答案　A 解析　根据后文“It was wonderful to fully the places we stayed.”可知，他们会在不同的地方露营。故选A。 48．A.banning B．separating C．distinguishing D．protecting 答案　B 解析　根据前文“There was no mobile signal or Wi-Fi at the campsite”可知，露营地没有网络，他们和外界暂时断了联系。故选B。 49．A.enjoyed B．introduced C．discovered D．remembered 答案　A 解析　根据后文“the best of what nature had to offer”可知，在与外界隔绝的情况下，他们能做的事就是享受大自然。故选A。 50．A.gentle B．powerful C．musical D．fast-paced 答案　A 解析　根据后文“always starting with coffee as the steam from the camping stove rose into the morning air”可知，在帐篷里生活是休闲放松的。故选A。 51．A.strength B．lessons C．conclusions D．inspiration 答案　D 解析　根据后文“for our writing and photography from our surroundings”可知，他们想从大自然获得写作和摄影的启发和灵感。故选D。 52．A.chatting B．exploring C．daydreaming D．writing 答案　B 解析　根据后文“climbing mountains，paddling in streams”可知，下午是用来探索自然的。故选B。 53．A.changed B．reminded C．attracted D．encircled 答案　D 解析　encircle包围。根据后文“in protection with a reassuring(令人安心的) skyline”可知，四周都是高耸入云的山，他们被群山围绕着。故选D。 54．A.describe B．accept C．experience D．understand 答案　C 解析　根据后文“the places we stayed”可知，体验露营的这些地方感觉很奇妙。故选C。 55．A.shadow B．silence C．dark D．wind 答案　C 解析　根据前文“Sleeping with an ear to the earth”及“the natural rhythms of light and”可知，晚上睡觉时会感受到大自然的明暗变化。故选C。 第二节　(共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There are nearly 40 plots of funnel-centered(漏斗状的) farmland in Nahui Village,56.__________(refer) to as a “funnel group”．The funnels are 57. (natural) formed by a partial collapse of underground rivers and surface water erosion(侵蚀)．The funnel group shows an orderly zonal(区域的) 58. (distribute)．There are two rivers，the Nahui River which is visible above ground，and an invisible river that is underground.As if by magic，the Nahui River flows along the surface of the ground for 59. distance，and then suddenly disappears underground without a trace，only 60. (appear) again more than 20 kilometers away. Local people grow crops all around the funnel in the center.During rainy seasons，flood water quickly flows into the funnel,61. in times of drought，water from the underground river 62. (employ) to water the farmland. The funnel in the fields near Xianahui Village is known as the “Earth eye”．According to local people’s belief，mother Earth watches over her children with her 63. (power) eye and protects them.The lower part of the Earth eye，similar 64. other funnels，is connected with the underground river，which passes through the very topography(地形) 65.___________ even today people have failed to fully map. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纳灰村40多块以漏斗为中心的农田并分析了这些漏斗形成的原因及其作用和意义。 56．答案　referred 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，refer与所修饰词“40 plots of funnel-centered (漏斗状的) farmland”之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填referred。 57．答案　naturally 解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词“formed”，natural的副词形式为naturally，意为“自然地”。故填naturally。 58．答案　distribution 解析　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，distribute的名词形式为distribution，意为“分布”，且空前有不定冠词an，所以使用名词单数。故填distribution。 59．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处泛指“一段距离”，所以空前使用不定冠词，distance的发音以辅音音素开头，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。 60．答案　to appear 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为 “only to do sth”结构作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，且appear与逻辑主语“the Nahui River”之间为主动关系。故填to appear。 61．答案　while 解析　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词连接两个句子；结合句意，空前的“During rainy seasons，flood water quickly flows into the funnel”与空后的“in times of drought，water from the underground river (employ) to water the farmland”之间形成对比，所以此处应为表对比的并列连词while，意为“然而”。故填while。 62．答案　is employed 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据并列句中的谓语动词flows可知，此处应使用一般现在时，employ与句子主语water之间为被动关系，且句子主语是不可数名词。故填is employed。 63．答案　powerful 解析　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词eye，power的形容词形式为powerful，意为“强有力的”。故填powerful。 64．答案　to 解析　考查介词。结合句意可知，此处为固定短语similar to，意为“与……相似”。故填to。 65．答案　that 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，从句中缺少map的宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词topography指物，且被the very修饰，所以此处只能使用关系代词that。故填that。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节　(满分15分) 假如你是李华，你的好朋友王伟在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封祝贺信。内容包括： 1．表达你的愉悦心情； 2．向她表示祝贺； 3．请她介绍成功的经验。 注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出); 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 the English Speech Contest Dear Wang Wei， I heard that you have won the first prize Yours faithfully， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Wang Wei， I heard that you have won the first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle School Students，so I’m writing to give my sincere congratulations. You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news.As your best friend，I am proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left a deep impression on me.It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest.Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning. I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 第二节　(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 English was always easy for me，but that changed the first day I walked into Mrs Johnson’s class.I’d heard rumors from former students that she was so strict and demanding that her class was impossible to pass，and that I was crazy for even wanting to take it.Consequently，I was extremely nervous. On the first day of school，Mrs Johnson stood in the front of her classroom，smiling，while she waited for the class to settle down.Her long，curly，red hair and clear blue eyes made her seem full of life.You could tell she had so much knowledge that it just wanted to overflow and spill(溅出) all over the floor. “This course is Advanced Writing Course，” she said.“I’m not exaggerating when I say this class will be difficult，but if you trust me，I’ll guide you.” She explained her grading system was different from what we were used to and that we’d better forget about the so-called good grades we had got before.She guaranteed that our writing would improve once we understood the new writing skills which she would teach us. “Writing is an art，” she said.“You can’t just put words on a piece of paper and sign your name on top of it.Instead，what you put your name on is out there to be judged.” I’d never thought about it that way.Every time I rushed to finish an essay and wrote my name on top，it was still my writing，my words，out there for everyone to read. She hoped that if we wanted to be good writers，we had to remember writing really was an art，and that it might take a long time to perfect. Even though I thought I was doing fine in her class，my writing grade was terrible.I began to doubt myself and even thought about quitting the writing class.That was when I realized I needed to find out what I could do to improve my grade. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 So I went to Mrs Johnson’s office after class. The after-class instructions continued for months until the Year Writing Contest came. 参考范文 So I went to Mrs Johnson’s office after class.“Mrs Johnson，I，uh，I’d like to talk with you about my writing.” I stammered，my voice barely rising above a whisper.Smiling，she got up from her chair，patted me on the shoulder and said gently，“OK，what’s your problem？” Her warm smile melted my nervousness.I poured out all my puzzles about writing，which she explained one by one patiently.She also told me writing，like any other skill，was something I could get better at with time and practice.She even promised to tutor me after class on a regular basis. The after-class instructions continued for months until the Year Writing Contest came.Mrs Johnson encouraged me to enter for it，but I hesitated—I wasn’t ready for a contest.Seeing my lack of motivation，she said only those who dared to fail greatly could achieve greatly.Waking up to her encouragement，I decided to give it a try.Although I didn’t win any prize，the experience helped me understand Mrs Johnson’s remark “writing was an art”．After that，I was really into writing and never stopped it，which I owed to the guidance of my dear teacher Mrs Johnson. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $