Unit 2 Section Ⅴ Extended reading（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选修第一册学习笔记（译林版·新教材）

本讲义围绕“茶”主题展开扩展阅读教学，构建从速读（整体理解文意、篇章结构）到细读（细节获取），再到读后（语法填空、句式分析、词块积累、写作练习）的递进式学习支架，系统提升学生阅读与语言运用能力。 资料特色在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养，通过茶的历史、文化等内容渗透跨文化理解，借助思维导图梳理结构、语法填空巩固知识、单句仿写与组句成篇提升表达，同时训练推理判断等思维品质，课中辅助分层教学，课后助力查漏补缺，强化知识内化。

Section Ⅴ　Extended reading Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the article on P25? A．The history of tea. B．The spread of tea. C．The power of tea. D．An introduction to tea. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 1．Read the article on P25 and fill in the blanks. Para.1: The popularity of tea Para.2: The history of tea Para.3: The culture of tea Para.4: The spread of tea Para.5: The power of tea 2．Read the leaflet on P26 and fill in the mind map. Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What do we know about tea from the magazine article? A．The origin of tea is known to us. B．Tea originally was offered to officials. C．Tea is currently the world’s second popular drink. D．Tea was delivered to Western Asia as early as the Tang Dynasty. 答案　C 2．How does the author describe people’s love of tea in paragraph 3 of the magazine article? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparison. C．By giving examples. D．By analysis. 答案　C 3．What can be inferred from paragraph 4 of the magazine article? A．It was difficult for people to trade tea in ancient times. B．Tea was spread mainly by Tea Horse Road. C．Tea was spread to Europe by porters. D．Japanese monks took tea to Japan. 答案　A 4．How long does the tea-picking season usually last every year according to the leaflet? A．For at most 11 months. B．For at least 10 months. C．For about 9 months. D．For 2 months on average. 答案　B Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 As we know，tea drinking started in China，but its true origin is a mystery.1.It is believed that Shennong discovered tea about 5,000 years ago.Tea at first was used as medicine，included in meals and then offered as a refreshing drink to officials and 2.noblemen(nobleman)．It then became a common drink 3.enjoyed(enjoy) by all Chinese people. Tea drinking was 4.an important part of China’s rich culture.The love of tea inspired many people to write about it，among 5.whom are the Tang poet Du Fu and the tea master Lu Yu.Tea spread 6.through trade along the Tea Horse Road,7.reaching(reach) Western Asia.It also spread to other parts of the world through different sea routes.Japanese monks studying in China 8.took(take) tea seeds and tea-making customs back to Japan，and around the 1600s，tea arrived in Europe. The power of tea 9.was described(describe) by the writer Lin Yutang as capable of leading us into a world of quiet contemplation of life.Tea drinking refreshes the mind and body and also shows appreciation for the 10.harmonious(harmony) relationship between man and nature. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．Legend has it that about 5,000 years ago，Shennong came across tea when dried leaves blew(blow) into a pot of boiling water.(P25，Para.2) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。that引导同位语从句，when引导时间状语从句。 汉语翻译：相传约5 000年前，有干叶被吹入一锅沸水中，神农氏便发现了茶。 2．Lu Yu，a tea master，wrote The Classic of Tea，which remains the earliest and most famous detailed(detail) study on tea in the world，covering(cover) everything anyone could possibly(possible) want to know about Chinese tea.(P25，Para.3) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，anyone could...about Chinese tea是省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。 汉语翻译：品茶大师陆羽撰写了《茶经》，这是世界上最早、最著名、最详尽的茶学专著，涵盖了任何人可能想了解的关于中国茶的一切。 3．It is then not surprising(surprise) that the beauty(beautiful) of tea was eventually revealed to a wider world.(P25，Para.4) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。It为形式主语，that引导主语从句。 汉语翻译：茶之美最终名扬四海，自然是不足为奇的。 4．Consequently，they grow well on steep hillsides where heavy rain can easily(easy) drain away.(P26，Para.1) 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词steep hillsides。 汉语翻译：因此，在陡峭山坡，大雨能顺利排走，很适合茶树生长。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 to the extent that...引导结果状语从句 And how did it get to conquer the world to the extent that people often describe something they really like as their “cup of tea”？(P25，Para.1) 而它(茶)是如何一步步风靡世界，以至于人们常把自己真正喜欢的东西称为他们的“那杯茶”呢？ 结构分析：此句为主从复合句。to the extent that...引导结果状语从句，意为“达到……程度，以至于……”；they really like为省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰先行词something。 to...extent到……程度，在……程度上 to some extent 在一定程度上 (1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)海洋被污染得非常严重以至于里面的很多生物都死掉了，所以我们呼吁人们保护海洋。 The ocean is polluted to the extent that many creatures in it are dead，so we call on people to protect it. (2)(话题写作之环境保护)在某种程度上，全球变暖与人类活动有关。因此，我们每个人都应该选择绿色的生活方式以减少碳足迹。 To some extent，global warming is connected with human activities.Therefore，each of us should choose a green lifestyle to reduce carbon footprint. while引导的从句 (1)While we know that tea drinking started in China，its true origin remains something of a mystery.(P25，Para.2) 尽管我们知道饮茶始于中国，但其真正起源依然是个谜。 (2)Among them the south-west tea-growing region is the oldest while the region south of the Yangtze River produces the most tea in China.(P26，Para.2) 其中，西南茶区历史最悠久，而长江以南地区产茶最多。 (3)AI-controlled machines can now plant and harvest more crops at faster speeds than humans ever could，while computer vision can distinguish weeds from crops. (P17，Para.4) 人工智能控制的机器现在能以更快的速度比人类种植和收获更多的作物，而计算机视觉可以区分杂草和作物。 (4)Once the exact amount needed is determined，the drones spray the chemicals，while farmers can follow the whole process on a mobile device.(P17，Para.4) 一旦确定所需的确切剂量，无人机就会喷洒化学制品，而农民可以在移动设备上跟踪整个过程。 结构分析： 句(1)中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”(不和连词but连用)，句(2)、(3)和(4)中的while是并列连词，表示“然而，而”。 while的其他用法： •作从属连词，可引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时”(常用省略结构)。 •作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。 (1)While I was walking on the pavement alone late at night，I felt that waves of fear welled up inside me. ＝While walking on the pavement alone late at night，I felt that waves of fear welled up inside me.(状语从句的省略) (2)(读后续写之升华句)尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，但我们不会向困难屈服。 While we can’t predict what will happen in the future，we will not yield to difficulties. (3)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)我们开始作为一个优秀的团队工作。我的搭档负责撰写和润色文本，而我则主动提出做其余的工作。我们最终按时完成了我们的项目。 We began to work as a fine team.My teammate was responsible for writing and polishing the text，while I offered to do the rest work.We finally finished our project on time. (4)(应用文写作之建议信)你最好在来之前了解一些中国的习俗和文化，否则你需要很长一段时间才能适应住在这里。 You’d better learn about some Chinese customs and culture before coming，or it will take you quite a while to adjust to living here. 课文重点词块默写 1．为……所熟悉 be known to 2．到……程度，在……程度上to...extent 3．喜爱的人或物cup of tea 4．偶遇，无意中发现 come across 5．激励某人做某事inspire sb to do sth 6．名扬四海 be revealed to a wider world 7．在……中享有极高的人气enjoy enormous popularity among... 8．前进；成功make one’s way 9．总结； 概述…… sum up 10．人与自然的和谐 the harmony between man and nature 11．多达 up to 12．造成；导致 result in 13．被认为是…… be regarded as 单句写作(课文佳句仿写) 1．当我走在人行道上的时候，我偶然遇到了我的一位许久未见的朋友。(while引导状语从句的省略) While walking on the pavement，I came across a friend of mine who I hadn’t seen for a long time. 2．我们聊了一会儿我们的现状。(while) We had a chat with each other for a while about our current situation. 3．我成了一名地质学家，而她成了医生，为病人诊断疾病。(while表对比) I became a geologist while she became a doctor，diagnosing diseases for patients. 4．尽管我们的工作都有缺点，但是我们都非常喜欢我们的工作。(while表让步) While both of our jobs have downsides，we are both fond of our jobs very much. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 While walking on the pavement，I came across a friend of mine who I hadn’t seen for a long time.We had a chat with each other for a while about our current situation，during which we knew that I became a geologist while she became a doctor，diagnosing diseases for patients.While both of our jobs have downsides，we are both fond of our jobs very much.Just as an old saying goes，“ Love whatever job one takes up.” 训练4　Extended reading [分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Jeremiah Letting learned about coffee from his father.As a child in the late 1980s，he worked on his family’s coffee farm in the hills of Western Kenya.“Every year was the same：seed，plant，ripen，harvest and sell，” he says. But no longer.Jeremiah Letting and other coffee farmers are suffering from rising temperatures. Some of the world’s best Coffea arabica is grown on Mount Kenya.The plant produces tastier beans than its poor cousin robusta，which often ends up in instant coffee granules(颗粒)．Global warming may reduce the total area that is most suited to growing arabica beans by about half by 2050，according to a recently published paper. Although coffee is only Kenya’s fourth-largest export，it directly or indirectly provides an income for about 6 million people，which accounts for over a tenth of the entire population，according to the Kenyan government.“People are not even able to have three meals a day without a secure income，” Mr Letting says. Some farmers are trying to adapt to warming by moving uphill.Yet this pushes them into areas long used for growing tea，threatening tea growth.Kenya’s government-funded Coffee Research Institute is trying to find other solutions，such as encouraging farmers to plant trees to shade their coffee bushes.It also suggests growing a hybrid(杂交植物)，Arabusta，to combine the hardiness(耐寒性) of robusta with the flavour of arabica.People who are particular about coffee may turn up their noses at it，but they may have little choice but to swallow it. Another option may be entirely new varieties.Researchers at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London，are investigating a wild type of coffee，Coffea stenophylla.It is delicious and can also take the heat.But it produces less coffee beans than existing varieties and it may be years before it is widely grown.Without a breakthrough of some sort，Vern Long of World Coffee Research warns，“We’re just going to be drinking instant coffee.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍受全球变暖的影响，咖啡种植受到了挑战，咖啡种植者不得不与变化的气候作斗争。 1．What’s the effect of global warming on coffee farming? A．More export of coffee for farmers. B．Less revenue for the government. C．Moving downhill for suitable farmlands. D．Reduced production of tasty coffee beans. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Global warming may reduce the total area that is most suited to growing arabica beans by about half by 2050，according to a recently published paper.”可知，全球变暖使得美味的咖啡豆产量减少。故选D。 2．What does the underlined part “turn up their noses at it” probably mean? A．Pay high attention to the coffee. B．Sing high praise for the coffee. C．Become interested in the coffee. D．Feel unsatisfied with the coffee. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前一句可知，建议种植一种杂交品种Arabusta，将robusta的耐寒性与arabica的味道结合起来。画线部分所在句中的“are particular about”意思是“对……挑剔”；再结合后半句“but they may have little choice but to swallow it”可知，对咖啡特别挑剔的人对这种杂交品种咖啡的味道很不满意，但是别无选择。所以turn up their noses at it为“对这种咖啡不满意”之意。故选D。 3．How does Vern Long feel about the future of coffee production? A．Cautious. B．Uncertain. C．Concerned. D．Optimistic. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Without a breakthrough of some sort，Vern Long of World Coffee Research warns，‘We’re just going to be drinking instant coffee.’”可推断，Vern Long对未来的咖啡生产很担忧。故选C。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Arabica Coffee Beans Are Dying Out in Kenya B．Coffee Farmers Struggle Against Climate Killer C．Short Supplies Are Letting Tea Lovers Down D．Kenyan Tea Exports Decline in World Trade 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Jeremiah Letting and other coffee farmers are suffering from rising temperatures”及全文可知，文章主要介绍受全球变暖的影响，咖啡种植受到了挑战，咖啡种植者不得不与变化的气候作斗争。所以“咖啡种植者与气候杀手斗争”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 B In order to help discover spoilage(变质)and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers，researchers have developed new low-cost，smartphone-linked，eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging. One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date(保存期)，but 60%(4.2 million tonnes)of the ￡ 12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat. The researchers，whose findings were published in ACS Sensors，say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable. The sensors cost two US cents each to make.Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”，they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products.The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smartphone，and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat. The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes(电极)onto a special type of paper.The materials are eco-friendly and harmless，so they don’t damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging.The sensors，combined with a tiny electronic system，then inform nearby mobile devices，which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases. Lead author Dr Firat Guder，of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering，said，“Although they’re designed to keep us safe，use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away.They don’t always reflect its actual freshness.In fact，people often get sick from foodborne diseases due to poor storage，even when an item is within its use-by date.” “These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years.Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.” The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing，like sensing chemicals in agriculture，air quality，and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease. 语篇解读　本文为科普类说明文。为了测定食物的新鲜度和减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新的低成本智能和环保的肉类和鱼类包装变质传感器，希望它能很快地投入使用，并且应用于更广泛的领域。 5．What is the function of PEGS according to the text? A．To improve the service of stores. B．To help supermarkets store foods. C．To improve the taste of food products. D．To help people test food freshness. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，PEGS是用来帮助人们测试食物的新鲜度以减少食物浪费的，故选D。 6．What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning? A．It acts as an electronic nose. B．It reads the data collected by PEGS. C．It discovers the spoilage gases from foods. D．It helps print the gas sensors onto paper. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smartphone，and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.”可知，智能手机会在PEGS运行时读取由它收集的数据，故选B。 7．What does Dr Firat Guder say about use-by dates? A．They are not completely reliable. B．They can help reduce food waste. C．They are not accepted by consumers. D．They are based on scientific research. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Although they’re designed to keep us safe，use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away.They don’t always reflect its actual freshness.”可知，Firat Guder博士认为，保质期并不完全可靠，故选A。 8．What does the author mainly talk about in the text? A．The process of researching spoilage sensors. B．Use-by dates’ influence on supermarkets and consumers. C．A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste. D．The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段可知，本文介绍了一种新型的可以减少食物浪费的变质传感器，该技术有望在食品包装中应用，并取代靠使用日期来断定食物新鲜度的老方法，故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题；每小题1分，共15分) You might say I found marathon，step by step.Or perhaps it found me.I was 1 an athlete growing up.In fact，I have a hard time 2 that term to myself even today. It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three-mile walk.At first it was 3 .But soon，my body adjusted and I wanted 4 .Before long，I was running 5 miles.Then I set a goal to run a half marathon.And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon.I thought，“Now what？” I started to 5 a marathon. It so happened that I 6 a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach，Rick Muhr，and was so 7 by his words.I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon，just a week away，and that I really didn’t believe I could 8 .Rick locked eyes with me and said，“Trish，you’ve done enough training.You’ll finish！” I never had someone 9 me like that，let alone a real，live coach.He gave me the 10 I needed.I set out to run my 11 marathon and completed it in 4：25：00.Little did I know that this would be the beginning of nearly a decade of marathon and distance running. Running a marathon isn’t for everybody.But it is for anybody，anybody who wants to 12 the unreachable and to take that 13 into the rest of their life.When you cross the finish line you may never have a 14 picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing.Your 15 of the world and，more importantly，of yourself will forever be changed! 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢上马拉松的过程和这项运动对作者的影响。 1．A.always B．rarely C．never D．nearly 答案　C 解析　根据上文“You might say I found marathon，step by step.”和下文“I really didn’t believe I could .Rick locked eyes with me and said，‘Trish，you’ve done enough training.You’ll finish！’．..He gave me the I needed.”可推知，作者并不擅长运动，在之前的成长过程中从来没当过运动员。故选C。 2．A.pointing B．applying C．turning D．spreading 答案　B 解析　根据下文“that term to myself”可推知，作者觉得很难把“运动员”这一专有名词用在自己身上，apply sth to sb是固定短语，意为“把……应用于……”。故选B。 3．A.hard B．relaxing C．unfamiliar D．exciting 答案　A 解析　根据下文“But soon，my body adjusted”可知，一开始作者的身体没有适应，所以会觉得很难。故选A。 4．A.some B．both C．more D．none 答案　C 解析　根据上文“a daily three-mile walk”和下文“Before long，I was running 5 miles.”可知，作者由一开始的步行3英里转变到跑步5英里，说明在身体适应后，作者想要进行更多运动。故选C。 5．A.report B．record C．recall D．consider 答案　D 解析　根据上文“Now what？”可推知，作者在完成了半程马拉松后开始寻找下一个目标，开始考虑全程的马拉松比赛。故选D。 6．A.held B．missed C．attended D．mentioned 答案　C 解析　根据下文“a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach”可知，作者参加了一个会议，听了演讲。故选C。 7．A.inspired B．disturbed C．embarrassed D．amused 答案　A 解析　根据下文“I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon，just a week away，and that I really didn’t believe I could .”可推知，作者深受教练Rick Muhr的话的鼓舞，所以才和他分享自己的担忧，希望得到鼓励。故选A。 8．A.participate B．finish C．win D．run 答案　B 解析　根据下文教练Rick Muhr鼓舞的话“Trish，you’ve done enough training.You’ll finish！”可推知，作者怕自己无法完成马拉松比赛。故选B。 9．A.agree with B．rely on C．care for D．believe in 答案　D 解析　根据上文教练Rick Muhr的话“Trish，you’ve done enough training.You’ll finish！”可知，教练表达了对作者的信任。故选D。 10．A.confidence B．pleasure C．satisfaction D．motivation 答案　A 解析　根据上文“I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon，just a week away，and that I really didn’t believe I could .”可知，作者对完成马拉松没有信心，所以教练Rick Muhr的鼓励给了她信心。故选A。 11．A.last B．first C．only D．second 答案　B 解析　根据上文“And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon.I thought，‘Now what？’ I started to a marathon.”可知，这是作者第一次跑全程马拉松。故选B。 12．A.test B．identify C．imagine D．reach 答案　D 解析　根据上文作者的经历可知，参加马拉松不是件容易的事情，结合句中“the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点。故选D。 13．A.knowledge B．request C．principle D．experience 答案　D 解析　作者讲完成马拉松相当于到达不可企及的高点，这是一种经历，一种可以铭记余生的经历。故选D。 14．A.bigger B．brighter C．clearer D．nicer 答案　C 解析　根据上文“who wants to the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点，结合句中“picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing”可推知，当冲过终点线时，你就突破了自己，会对自己有更清晰的认识。故选C。 15．A.view B．love C．description D．memory 答案　A 解析　根据上文“When you cross the finish line you may never have a picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing.”可知，冲过马拉松的终点意味着突破极限，会对自己有更清晰的认识，所以对世界和自己的看法将永远改变。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $