Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and composition（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选修第一册学习笔记（译林版·新教材）

本讲义聚焦高中英语强调语法与写作，系统梳理词汇强调（very、really等）、助动词强调（do/does/did+动词原形）、强调句型（It is/was...that/who...）三大核心方法。通过分析高考书面表达短文识别强调句，总结规律后设计改写、完成句子、补全语篇等练习，搭建“识别-总结-应用”的学习支架。 该资料融合高考真题案例，以真实语料提升学生语言理解与表达能力。分层练习从基础改写过渡到语篇补全，培养分析和解决问题的思维品质，阅读理解与完形填空训练拓展学习渠道。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生巩固薄弱环节，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and composition—Emphasis 阅读下面的短文，画出文中的强调句，并总结。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) My English teacher is the very person I respect most.Having taught English for over ten years，she is really experienced.She can simplify what we learn and instruct us skillfully.Besides，she does care about each of us.Whenever we’re in trouble，she is always patient with us and encourages us to overcome the difficulties bravely.It is with her help and encouragement that all of us make great progress in English.She devotes her time and love to us students.She is such a kind person that every one of my classmates loves her. I do think she is the person who deserves my respect.I appreciate her kindness very much. 答案　 1．My English teacher is the very person I respect most. 2．...she is really experienced. 3．Besides，she does care about each of us. 4．It is with her help and encouragement that all of us make great progress in English. 5．She is such a kind person that every one of my classmates loves her. 6．I do think she is the person who deserves my respect. 总结：句3和6是对句子的谓语进行强调，句4是强调句型。 为了增强感情色彩或突出句子的某个成分，我们常对句中的某个单词或部分进行强调。常见的表强调的方法和结构如下： 一、用very，really，only，so，such，at all，just等词语修饰被强调部分。 You’re the very person that I have been looking for.你就是我一直在找的那个人。 I really wanted to take a part-time job to help my father support our family. 我真的很想找一份兼职工作来帮助我父亲养家糊口。 二、用“do/does/did＋动词原形”强调 Do come，or you’ll miss the wonderful chance.一定要来，否则你会错过这极好的机会。 Tom does have his unique way to solve problems. 汤姆确实有他独特的解决问题的方法。 They did try many ways to minimize the loss. 他们确实尝试了很多方法来尽量减少损失。 三、用强调句型“It is/was...that/who...” 陈述句 It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分．(被强调部分为“人”时，可用who/that；被强调部分非人时，只能用that) It is I who/that am right.(强调主语) 我是对的。 It was him that/who we met at the school gate.(强调宾语) 我们在学校门口遇见的是他。 It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.(强调状语) 汤姆是在公园丢失了他的手表。 一般疑问句 Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？ Was it because Tom got up late that he failed to arrive on time? 是因为起晚了汤姆才没能准时到达吗？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋is/was it that＋其他成分？ What was it that caused the big fire last night? 到底是什么导致了昨晚的大火？ not...until... It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分． It was not until he removed his sunglasses that I recognized him. 直到他摘下墨镜，我才认出他来。 注意事项 1．此强调结构中被强调的部分一般是主语、宾语或状语。 2．若被强调的部分是句子的主语，那么that/who之后的谓语动词的数应与被强调的主语保持一致。 3．判断强调句的方法：去掉it is/was和that/who，看看该句子重新组合后是否还完整。如果完整，则为强调句型。 (It was) at 11 o’clock (that) he came back from work.(强调句) 他是在11点钟下班回来的。 It was 11 o’clock that he came back from work.(×) It was 11 o’clock when he came back from work.(状语从句) 他下班回来时已经11点钟了。 Ⅰ.改写句子 Ancient people grew different crops on both banks of the river. (强调主语)It was ancient people that/who grew different crops on both banks of the river. (强调宾语)It was different crops that ancient people grew on both banks of the river. (强调状语)It was on both banks of the river that ancient people grew different crops. (强调谓语动词)Ancient people did grow different crops on both banks of the river. (对主语进行提问)Who was it that grew different crops on both banks of the river? (对宾语进行提问)What was it that ancient people grew on both banks of the river? (对状语进行提问)Where was it that ancient people grew different crops? Ⅱ.完成句子 1．正是这条携带着肥沃土壤的河流为农作物的种植提供了养分。 It is the river carrying fertile soil that provides nutrients for crop farming. 2．这片土地的肥沃对这个县来说是如此重要的礼物。 The fertility of the land is such an important gift for the county. 3．怀着巨大的勇气和决心，我最终穿过了终点线。 It was with great courage and determination that I finally crossed the finishing line. 4．直到那时他们才意识到小小的善举也能对他人起到巨大作用。 It was not until then that they realized a small act of kindness could make a big difference to others. 5．我真的希望我的建议能帮助你尽快适应新的环境。 I do hope my suggestions can help you to adapt to the new environment as soon as possible. Ⅲ.根据汉语意思，用强调结构补全下面的短文 (2021·全国乙，书面表达) 1．It’s really a great honour for me to have such a precious opportunity to deliver a speech(对我来说能有如此宝贵的机会发表演讲真的是非常荣幸) titled “Be Smart Online Learners”． With the rapid development of science and technology，online learning is becoming very popular.However，online learning 2.does have some disadvantages(确实有一些弊端)．For example，it is difficult for us students to interact with the teachers，which means some problems can’t be solved in time.In addition，some of students are lacking in self-discipline.3.They are so addicted to online games that(他们如此沉迷于网络游戏以至于) they can’t focus on their study.As far as I’m concerned，we should be strict with ourselves while learning online.4.It is not until we make good use of learning resources on the Internet that we can be a smart online learner(直到我们充分利用互联网上的学习资源，我们才能成为一个聪明的在线学习者)． 5．I do hope all of us can be smart online learners(我真的希望我们所有人都能成为聪明的在线学习者)．Thank you for your listening. 训练2　Grammar and composition [分值：32.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共7题；每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A Here is a guide to the best countries to see the Northern Lights，as well as top tips such as the best time to go. Where to go: Greenland Kangerlussuaq is often regarded as the best spot in Greenland，with over 300 nights of clear skies.Alternatively，you can visit the capital city of Nuuk，where on clear nights，there have been plenty of sightings of the Northern Lights.And in the southern regions，darkness tends to fall earlier in the evening，ideal for those who don’t want to stay up all night. Best time to go: From November through to April Where to go: Norway Head to the northern regions of Norway for the best possible chances of seeing the Northern Lights.Head to Svalbard，one of the world’s northernmost inhabited areas，and you’ll feel like you’ve stepped into an ice kingdom.Those who love the great outdoors might want to check out the Lyngenfjord region，where you’ll find plenty of tours to see the Northern Lights and enjoy whale-watching，skiing，ice climbing and so on! Best time to go: From October through to March when the polar nights make them easier to spot. Where to go: Sweden Head to Abisko National Park where the clear skies and lack of light pollution make for ideal Northern Lights viewing conditions.One of the best spots is in Swedish Lapland，where you can have dinner under the midnight skies.Hikers might also consider trying the Kungsleden hiking trail，which offers about 440km of breathtaking landscapes. Best time to go：from September through to March. Where to go: Iceland You don’t need to go to the remote landscapes to spot the Northern Lights.In fact，sightings are possible from Iceland’s capital of Reykjavik.Want to escape the crowds？Head to lesser-known spots such as Thingvellir，which is the place where photographers try to capture the perfect Northern Lights photo. Best time to go: From late August to mid-April，although you will increase your chances if you visit from late September through to March. 1．What can we learn about Greenland from the text? A．It has one of the world’s northernmost inhabited areas. B．It offers an about 440km of hiking trail with breathtaking landscapes. C．The capital city of Nuuk is the only place to see the Northern Lights in Greenland. D．One can go to the southern regions in order to see the Northern Lights earlier. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“And in the southern regions，darkness tends to fall earlier in the evening，ideal for those who don’t want to stay up all night.”可知，在格陵兰岛的南部地区，因为夜晚降临得更早，所以可以更早地看到北极光。故选D。 2．What can we learn from the text? A．Most cities in Greenland have over 300 nights of clear skies a year. B．One can see the Northern Lights as well as enjoy whale-watching in the Lyngenfjord region. C．One can have dinner under the midnight skies in Thingvellir. D．Late September through to March is the best time to see the Northern Lights in Norway. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Where to go：Norway部分中的“check out the Lyngenfjord region，where you’ll find plenty of tours to see the Northern Lights and enjoy whale-watching”可知，在Lyngenfjord地区，不但可以看到北极光，还能看鲸鱼。故选B。 3．Who has the text been written for? A．Those who intend to study the Northern Lights. B．Those who are interested in European countries. C．Those who want to see the Northern Lights. D．Those who are fond of extreme sports. 答案　C 解析　读者对象题。根据第一段“Here is a guide to the best countries to see the Northern Lights，as well as top tips such as the best time to go.”可知，本文是一个看北极光的指南，所以它的写作对象是那些想看北极光的人。故选C。 B Thanks to great progress in fundamental research，biology is becoming more programmable(可编程的)．Two recent scientific advances show how powerful the possibilities could be.The genetic modification of plants is allowing the mechanism of photosynthesis(光合作用) to be tinkered with(调整)．This could lead to dramatic improvements in the productivity of plants.Tweaking the genes of people who suffer from fatal incurable diseases，meanwhile，has also had remarkable results.A series of genetic therapies has arrived，or is arriving，to treat some fatal diseases.The task now is to spread these gains far and wide. This attractive promise has been made possible by an enormous investment in fundamental research over the years.Basic knowledge of genetics and the functions and structures of proteins has proved to be a motor for discovery across medicine and agriculture.The private sector，to be sure，plays an essential role in the cycle of innovation.But these advances are a reminder that investment by governments and charities is crucial in areas that offer little commercial benefit in the short term，but which in the long term promise to greatly advance well-being. Unfortunately，there is no guarantee that these gains will be realized.Gene therapies are a remarkable technical accomplishment.But their current enormous cost makes them hard for health-care systems to afford. In the past，novel medicines that started out extremely costly have become much cheaper.If gene therapy is to live up to its promise，it will need to do even better than this.More efficient photosynthesis，too，will need further investment if it is to be commercialized. The long-term manufacturing costs of a new green revolution will，thankfully，be low；plants make more plants in a way that treatments never can.Gene therapies，however，need innovation to reduce the cost of making them.Here governments，charities and the private sector could usefully work together. Last，regulators also need to be quicker and more understanding of the gains to society from helping these technologies reach their potential.Innovations can languish without appropriate or timely rule-making.Science has made a genetic revolution possible.Now that revolution must flourish. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了转基因技术应用于植物和人体将给人类带来的好处以及获得这些好处所需要的努力。 4．How do people benefit from these two advances? A．Fatal diseases will be cured. B．People can suffer from deadly diseases. C．The mechanism of photosynthesis can be changed. D．More food will be produced to feed a hungry planet. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The genetic modification of plants is allowing the mechanism of photosynthesis(光合作用) to be tinkered with(调整)．This could lead to dramatic improvements in the productivity of plants.”可推知，人们从这两项进步中获得的好处是，将生产更多的粮食来解决饥饿问题。故选D。 5．Which of the following doesn’t contribute to the revolution? A．Investment by governments. B．Knowledge of genetics and proteins. C．Investment by the private sector. D．Knowledge of medicine and agriculture. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三、四句可知，政府投资、遗传学和蛋白质知识以及私营部门投资都有助于这场革命，而D选项没有提到，故选D。 6．What should be done to generalize the achievements according to the author? A．Regulating the revolution to understand the gains. B．Innovating gene therapies to reduce the cost. C．Commercializing photosynthesis to meet the needs. D．Working together to develop new drugs. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第三句、第四段前两句以及第五段中的“Gene therapies，however，need innovation to reduce the cost of making them.”可知，为了推广这些成果，我们应该通过创新降低基因疗法的成本，故选B。 7．What does the underlined word “languish” in the last paragraph mean? A．Manage to thrive. B．Reach their potential. C．Fail to advance. D．Make proper rules. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“without appropriate or timely rule-making”可推知，画线词所在的句子表示“如果没有适当或及时的规则制定，创新就会停滞不前”，画线词languish的意思是“未能取得进展”，即fail to advance，故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题；每小题1分，共15分) My childhood was mostly silent.It was full of love，laughter，anger and sadness like any family，but these things occurred 1 .The knowledge instilled(灌输) in me was 2 by watching my mother as she moved through her silent world. I loved to watch her hands，which were always 3 me things by showing me how，as she watered，weeded and dug her garden.The hands were rough with cuts and 4 ，but filled with wisdom. Sometimes，those same hands spoke to me literally.Basic 5 language started in the family quite suddenly but then 6 just as quickly.My mother 7 that lip-reading was quicker.She would look at me intently and 8 words such as，“watch this” or “this is how”，or “never touch this plant”．We often went for hours like this， 9 a word spoken and yet we were talking in various ways the whole time. As I grew up，I began to 10 why my mother spent so much time in her garden.Her deafness had come during an era of little tolerance for diversity，and much 11 of disability.The world outside was demanding and unforgiving while her garden was full of kindness and 12 .For her it was the only place under her 13 . My mother’s knowledge is deeply 14 inside me.I now have gardening hands，with cuts and scars，and cherish their 15 .With any luck my kids will have them one day，too. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与聋哑人母亲相处的点滴及母亲对作者的影响。 1．A.quickly B．constantly C．quietly D．normally 答案　C 解析　由上文“My childhood was mostly silent.”可知，作者的童年几乎是无声的，所以一切都是在静悄悄地发生，故选C。 2．A.passed down B．brought up C．laid down D．made up 答案　A 解析　由上文“The knowledge instilled(灌输) in me was”和下文“by watching...”可知，知识通过某种方式被传承下来，故选A。 3．A.serving B．awarding C．sparing D．teaching 答案　D 解析　根据上文“The knowledge instilled(灌输) in me was by watching my mother as she moved through her silent world.”可知，作者从母亲那里学到了很多知识，由此可知，此处指母亲总会教作者一些东西，故选D。 4．A.spots B．lines C．marks D．scars 答案　D 解析　由上文“The hands were rough with cuts”可知，母亲的双手粗糙，布满伤痕，故选D。 5．A.pose B．sign C．signal D．wave 答案　B 解析　由上文提到母亲是个聋哑人可知，此处指手语，故选B。 6．A.failed B．progressed C．stopped D．spread 答案　C 解析　由上文“started”和“but”可知，前后是转折关系，开始使用手语很突然，但很快就停止了。故选C。 7．A.regretted B．insisted C．predicted D．suspected 答案　B 解析　由下文“that lip-reading was quicker”可知，读唇语更快，这是母亲坚持认为的。故选B。 8．A.mouth B．eye C．nose D．finger 答案　A 解析　由上文“My mother that lip-reading was quicker.”可知，母亲坚持认为读唇语更快，所以母亲会看着作者，用口型默示的方式来告诉作者一些事情，故选A。 9．A.casually B．simply C．barely D．merely 答案　C 解析　由下文“a word spoken”和上文提到的作者和母亲用读唇语的方式交谈可知，他们经常几个小时几乎不(barely)说一句话，但又一直用各种方式在交谈。故选C。 10．A.indicate B．understand C．wonder D．confirm 答案　B 解析　由下文“why my mother spent so much time in her garden”和“The world outside was demanding and unforgiving while her garden was full of kindness and .”提到外面的世界苛求而无情，而母亲的花园却充满了善意可知，作者开始理解了母亲花这么多时间在她的花园的原因，故选B。 11．A.recognition B．confusion C．disapproval D．credit 答案　C 解析　由上文“Her deafness had come during an era of little tolerance for diversity，and much”可知，母亲出生在一个对多样性缺乏宽容、对残疾人不认可的时代。故选C。 12．A.acceptance B．innovation C．inspection D．guidance 答案　A 解析　由上文“The world outside was demanding and unforgiving while her garden was full of kindness and”中的while可知，前后是对比关系，外面的世界苛求而无情，而她的花园却充满了善意和包容。故选A。 13．A.investigation B．strategy C．guarantee D．control 答案　D 解析　由上文可知，母亲喜欢待在花园里是因为花园充满了善意和包容，这是母亲唯一能自己掌控的地方，故选D。 14．A.involved B．buried C．applied D．choked 答案　B 解析　由下文“inside me”和上文提到的“The knowledge instilled(灌输) in me”可知，母亲的知识深深地埋藏在作者心中，故选B。 15．A.roughness B．flexibility C．stability D．softness 答案　A 解析　由空前“I now have gardening hands，with cuts and scars，and cherish their”和上文“The hands were rough with cuts”可知，如今作者也有了园艺的双手，布满刀痕和伤疤，这说明手很粗糙，故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $