Unit1-Unit4 语法讲解+语法专题练习2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语核心语法，通过“概念-规则-辨析-应用”体系化训练，强化时态、形式主语、宾语从句等高频考点的精准掌握。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |一般过去时&现在完成时|填空10/选择12/改错6|时态区分口诀（时间标志词+与现在联系）|从含义→结构→标志词→易混对比，结合课本例句构建时态应用逻辑| |It作形式主语|填空10/选择12/句型转换6|of/for判断技巧（形容词修饰人/事物）|按句型功能细分，通过转换练习强化“形式主语-真正主语”语法关系| |宾语从句（that/if/whether）|填空10/选择12/句型转换6|语序（陈述语序）及时态匹配规则|从连接词分类→语法功能→时态呼应，层层递进构建从句应用框架| |特殊疑问词引导宾语从句|填空10/选择12/句型转换6+改错6|疑问词词义及从句成分分析|结合语序纠正与时态规则，深化特殊疑问词在从句中的语法功能理解|

Unit1 语法专题：一般过去时 & 现在完成时 语法精讲 一、一般过去时 含义：描述过去某个特定时间发生的动作或状态，动作已经结束，和现在没有联系。 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 标志词：…ago、yesterday、last…、in+过去年份。。。 课本例句：He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. 翻译：大约20年前，他成了你爷爷的一位好朋友。 拓展：used to do sth used to + 动词原形，表示过去常常做某事，现在不再这样做了，属于过去时态范畴。 ① We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. 我们过去得走很远的路去看病。（暗示现在不用走远） ② Many people used to work in big cities. 很多人过去在大城市工作。（暗示现在很多人回来了） 二、现在完成时 含义：①动作发生在过去，持续到现在；②过去的动作对现在造成影响或结果。 结构 肯定：主语 + have / has + 动词过去分词 否定：主语 + have / has + not + 动词过去分词 疑问：Have / Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词? 标志词：for+时间段、since、just、already、yet、ever、never、so far（不能搭配明确过去时间，如…ago/yesterday） 课本例句1：They haven’t seen each other for ages! 翻译：他们已经很久没有见过彼此了。 解析：for ages 很长一段时间，动作从过去持续到现在。 课本例句2：Our village has just built a new hospital. 翻译：我们村子刚刚建成一所新医院。 解析：just刚刚，过去建造，带来现在的结果——医院现已投入使用。 课本例句3：Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. 翻译：现在，他们中更多人已经回到这里生活、工作。 解析：过去回来，结果是现在人就在此地生活工作。 时态区分口诀 1. 一般过去时：讲述过去发生的事，常有具体过去时间，与现在断开。见到ago / last / yesterday多用一般过去时。 2. 现在完成时：看重过去动作对现在的结果或持续状态，不和ago、yesterday连用。见到for / since / just多用现在完成时。 易错警示： He left 3 years ago.（正确，有3 years ago，一般过去时） He has left 3 years ago.（错误，ago不能和现在完成时混用） 练习题 题型一 用所给动词的适当形式填空（10小题） 1. He ________(become) a teacher 15 years ago. 2. They ____________(not see) each other for ten years. 3. Our town ____________(just build) a new park. 4. I ________(live) here two years ago. 5. Many people ____________(use to work) in big cities. 6. She ________(come) back just now. 7. We ____________(finish) our homework already. 8. My father ________(work) in this factory in 2010. 9. He ____________(not travel) to Beijing since last year. 10. People ____________(use to) go far to see doctors. 题型二 单项选择（12小题） ( )1. He moved to this town ________. A. for 5 years B. 5 years ago C. since 5 years ( )2. —Where is Tom? —He ________ to the library. A. went B. has gone C. goes ( )3. People ________ travel by bus many years ago. A. used to B. have used to C. are used to ( )4. They ________ each other for ages. A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. don’t see ( )5. Our village ________ a new hospital already. A. built B. has built C. build ( )6. I ________ TV last night. A. watched B. have watched C. watch ( )7. He ________ in this city since 2020. A. lived B. has lived C. lives ( )8. —When ________ you ________ to this place? —Three years ago. A. have; come B. did; come C. do; come ( )9. She ________ to Shanghai, she is at home now. A. has gone B. went C. has been ( )10. We ________ walk far to get water in the past. A. used to B. are used to C. were used ( )11. I ________ my key. I can’t find it anywhere. A. lost B. have lost C. lose ( )12. He ________ the book yesterday afternoon. A. has read B. read C. reads 题型三 改错（圈出错误，写出正确答案）（6小题） 1. He has left two years ago. ____________ 2. They see each other for ages. ____________ 3. People used to working in big cities. ____________ 4. Our village just build a new hospital. ____________ 5. I have met him yesterday. ____________ 6. Did you used to live in countryside? ____________ 参考答案 题型一 1. became 2. haven’t seen 3. has just built 4. lived 5. used to work 6. came 7. have finished 8. worked 9. hasn’t travelled 10. used to 题型二 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.B 题型三 1. has left → left 2. see → haven’t seen 3. working → work 4. build → has just built 5. have met → met 6. used → use Unit2语法专题：It 作形式主语三大固定句型 核心语法精讲： 真正主语是后面 to do 不定式/that从句，It 只是占位的形式主语，避免句子头重脚轻。 细分4大必考句型（对应课本5个句子） 句型1：It + be + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 适用形容词：描述人的品格、性格（kind/nice/great/polite/brave/careless等） 逻辑：形容词直接修饰人sb，可转换为 Sb. is + 形容词 to do sth. 课本例句： It was great of Yuan Longping to develop a new kind of rice and help reduce hunger. 解析：great夸赞袁隆平品格伟大，用of结构。 句型2：It + be + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 适用形容词：描述事情难易、属性（difficult/important/easy/hard/necessary等） 逻辑：形容词修饰后面整件事，不能修饰人 课本例句1：It was difficult for women scientists to do that kind of work back in those days. 课本例句2：It is always important for everyone to keep going in life. 句型3：It + be + 形容词 + that 从句 课本例句：It was amazing that Tu Youyou did research in physics and chemistry even though she faced lots of difficulties. 用法：that引导完整陈述句作真正主语，多用于对整件事评价（amazing/surprising/true等形容词） 核心区分：of sb. vs for sb.（考试高频易错点） 结构 适配形容词 判断技巧 例句 It’s adj of sb to do 人品类：great/nice/kind/brave/foolish 改成 Sb is adj 通顺 It’s kind of him to help us.=He is kind to help us. It’s adj for sb to do 事物类：difficult/important/easy/hard 改成 Sb is adj 不通顺 It’s hard for me to learn grammar.（不能说I am hard） 时态补充（课本原句时态） 1. It was + adj... 一般过去时：描述过去发生的人/事 2. It’s / It is + adj... 一般现在时：通用客观道理、常态评价 配套分层练习题（贴合九上考点） 题型一：选词填空 of / for（10题，基础必练） 1. It is important ______ us to master grammar rules. 2. It was great ______ Yuan Longping to devote his life to rice research. 3. It’s difficult ______ little kids to finish this long task. 4. It’s kind ______ my deskmate to help me with English. 5. It is necessary ______ students to review lessons every day. 6. It was brave ______ Tu Youyou to keep researching artemisinin. 7. It’s easy ______ him to memorize English words. 8. It’s careless ______ Tom to leave his homework at home. 9. It is meaningful ______ us to learn from great people. 10. It was polite ______ Lily to greet teachers actively. 题型二：单项选择（12题，中考高频） ( )1. It was great ______ Yuan Longping to help solve hunger problems. A. for B. of C. to ( )2. It is important ______ teenagers to hold on to their dreams. A. for B. of C. with ( )3. It’s amazing ______ he finished the hard research alone. A. what B. that C. if ( )4. It was difficult ______ women to do science work in old days. A. of B. for C. at ( )5. It’s nice ______ our teachers to always encourage us. A. for B. to C. of ( )6. —It’s ______ of you to help me carry books. —My pleasure. A. difficult B. kind C. important ( )7. It is necessary ______ us to exercise every week. A. for B. of C. on ( )8. It was surprising ______ he passed the hard exam easily. A. that B. whether C. which ( )9. It’s foolish ______ you to give up easily. A. for B. of C. in ( )10. It is hard ______ old people to learn new phones. A. of B. for C. to ( )11. It was great ______ Zhong Nanshan to fight against diseases. A. of B. for C. about ( )12. It’s important ______ everyone never to give up. A. for B. of C. with 题型三：句型转换（6题，巩固形式主语） 1. To learn English well is important for us.（同义句改写） 2. You are kind to help me.（用it形式主语改写） 3. That he won the prize is amazing.（用it形式主语改写） 4. It was difficult for her to finish the work.（改为一般疑问句） 5. It’s nice of him to support his classmates.（划线提问nice） 6. To keep trying is important in life.（同义句改写） 答案 题型一 1.for 2.of 3.for 4.of 5.for 6.of 7.for 8.of 9.for 10.of 题型二 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.A 题型三 1. It is important for us to learn English well. 2. It is kind of you to help me. 3. It was amazing that he won the prize. 4. Was it difficult for her to finish the work? 5. How nice of him to support his classmates! 6. It is always important for people to keep trying in life. Unit3语法专题：宾语从句（that / if / whether引导） 语法精讲 一、什么是宾语从句 在句子中作宾语的从句，放在动词（believe, think, find, wonder, know等）后面。 结构：主句 + 连接词 + 宾语从句（陈述语序：主语在前，谓语在后） 二、三类连接词 1. that 引导宾语从句 - that 用来引导陈述句，本身无词义，不作句子成分。 - 口语和写作中经常可以省略that。 课本例句：I believe (that) reading is important for learning. 翻译：我相信阅读对学习很重要。 注意：如果多个宾语从句并列，第一个that可以省略，后面的that不能省。 2. if / whether 引导宾语从句 - if / whether 翻译为“是否”，用来把一般疑问句转变为宾语从句。 - 从句必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），不能疑问倒装。 课本例句1：I wonder if / whether you could help me. 翻译：我想知道你是否可以帮我。 课本例句2：I want to know if / whether you read English books outside class. 翻译：我想知道你课下是否读英语书。 小区别： 大部分情况if、whether可以互换； 介词后面、与or not直接连用时，只能用whether，不能用if。 三、宾语从句两大核心规则 1. 语序：宾语从句一律用陈述语序：主语 + 谓语 I wonder can you help me. I wonder if you can help me. 2. 时态匹配（主从时态） ① 主句是一般现在时（believe/think/wonder…），从句根据实际情况选用任意时态。 例：I think (that) he is good at English. I believe (that) he will come tomorrow. ② 主句是一般过去时，从句通常要用对应的过去时态。 例：He thought (that) reading was important. 客观真理、客观事实，从句永远用一般现在时，不受主句过去时态影响。 练习题 题型一 用that / if / whether填空（10小题） 1. I believe ________ reading can improve our knowledge. 2. I want to know ________ you like learning English. 3. Peter finds ________ he can learn a lot from real‑life things. 4. She wonders ________ she can finish the homework on time. 5. Do you know ________ he will come to our party? 6. I think ________ doing maths exercises is helpful. 7. He asks ________ or not we will take part in the activity. 8. I believe ________ we can make great progress. 9. They wonder ________ they can connect knowledge with daily life. 10. Could you tell me ________ you read English books after school? 题型二 单项选择（12小题） ( )1. I believe ____ reading is important for our study. A. that B. if C. whether ( )2. I wonder ____ you could give me some advice. A. what B. that C. if ( )3. Peter finds ____ he can connect physics with real life. A. that B. if C. whether ( )4. I want to know ____ you like doing maths problems. A. when B. whether C. where ( )5. —What do you think? —I think ____ the best way is to practise more. A. that B. if C. what ( )6. Could you tell me ____ or not you will join us? A. if B. whether C. that ( )7. I don’t know ____ he will come back tomorrow. A. that B. if C. where ( )8. She believes ____ hard‑working students can get good grades. A. that B. if C. whether ( )9. I wonder ____ he has finished his English homework. A. that B. whether C. what ( )10. He thinks ____ it is useful to read English books outside class. A. if B. that C. whether ( )11. I ask ____ you can help me with my physics. A. if B. what C. how ( )12. Do you know ____ learning can connect with real life? A. that B. whether C. where 题型三 句型转换（改写为宾语从句，6小题） 1. Does he read English books after class? I want to know.（合并为宾语从句） 2. Reading is important for learning. I believe.（合并为宾语从句） 3. Can you help me? I wonder.（合并为宾语从句） 4. The best way is to do maths problems. I think.（合并为宾语从句） 5. He can connect physics with real life. Peter finds.（合并为宾语从句） 6. Will she take part in the activity? I want to know.（合并为宾语从句） 参考答案 题型一 1. that 2. if / whether 3. that 4. if / whether 5. if / whether 6. that 7. whether 8. that 9. if / whether 10. if / whether 题型二 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.B 题型三 1. I want to know if / whether he reads English books after class. 2. I believe (that) reading is important for learning.​ 3. I wonder if / whether you can help me.​ 4. I think (that) the best way is to do maths problems.​ 5. Peter finds (that) he can connect physics with real life.​ 6. I want to know if / whether she will take part in the activity. U4语法专题： 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句 语法精讲 含义： 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句指的是由 what / which / who / whose / when / where / why / how 这类特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。 核心结构：主句 + 特殊疑问词 + 宾语从句（陈述语序：主语在前，谓语在后） 1. 连接词本身有词义，在从句中充当句子成分（主语、宾语、状语等），不能省略。 2. 重点：即使原句是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句之后，必须改成陈述语序，不能疑问倒装。 错误：I don’t understand what is she going through. 正确：I don’t understand what she’s going through. 时态规则 1. 主句为一般现在时（don’t understand、can’t remember、tell、study等），从句时态根据实际情况自由选择。 例：I don’t know where he goes. / I don’t know where he went. 2. 主句为过去时，从句一般改为对应的过去时态。 例：I didn’t know what she was going through. 对比小结宾语从句三类引导词 1. that：引导陈述句，无词义，可省略 2. if / whether：表“是否”，把一般疑问句变从句，不省略 3. what/which/how/why/when/where：特殊疑问词，有实际含义，在从句做成分，不可省略，从句用陈述语序   练习题 题型一 填入合适的特殊疑问词（what / which / how / why / when / where）10小题 1. I don’t understand ________ she is going through. 2. I can’t remember ________ things you want me to buy. 3. Could you tell me ________ it is easy to forget new words? 4. Please study ________ they are different from each other. 5. Do you know ________ we will have the English test? 6. I want to know ________ book you like best. 7. Nobody knows ________ he went last weekend. 8. I can’t imagine ________ he solved the hard problem. 9. She doesn’t know ________ she should ask for help. 10. Please tell me ________ happened just now. 题型二 单项选择（12小题） ( )1. I don’t understand ____ she’s going through. A. what B. that C. if ( )2. I can’t remember ____ things you asked me to buy. A. that B. which C. whether ( )3. Could you tell me ____ it is easy to forget a word? A. why B. what C. that ( )4. Study ____ they are different from each other. A. how B. that C. if ( )5. I don’t know ____ he went yesterday. A. what B. where C. which ( )6. Please tell me ____ I should do next. A. what B. that C. if ( )7. —Can you tell me ____ you came here? —At 8 o’clock. A. why B. when C. which ( )8. I wonder ____ he is late for school. A. why B. what C. that ( )9. He wants to know ____ shirt you prefer. A. which B. how C. if ( )10. I can’t remember ____ I put my English notebook. A. where B. that C. whether ( )11. Could you show me ____ I can connect knowledge with real life? A. how B. what C. that ( )12. I don’t know ____ made him so upset. A. what B. how C. why 题型三 句型转换（合并为宾语从句，6小题） 1. What is she going through? I don’t understand. 2. Which things did you ask me to buy? I can’t remember. 3. How are they different from each other? Please study. 4. Why is it easy to forget a word? Could you tell me? 5. Where did he go last Sunday? Nobody knows. 6. What should I do next? Could you tell me? 题型四 改错（找出错误并改正，6小题） 1. I don’t understand what is she going through. ____________ 2. I can’t remember which things did you ask me to buy. ____________ 3. Could you tell me why is it easy to forget a word? ____________ 4. Study how are they different from each other. ____________ 5. I wonder where did he go last weekend. ____________ 6. Please tell me what should I do next. ____________ 参考答案 题型一 1. what 2. which 3. why 4. how 5. when 6. which 7. where 8. how 9. when 10. what 题型二 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.A 11.A 12.A 题型三 1. I don’t understand what she’s going through. 2. I can’t remember which things you asked me to buy. 3. Study how they are different from each other. 4. Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word? 5. Nobody knows where he went last Sunday. 6. Could you tell me what I should do next. 题型四 1. is she → she is 2. did you ask → you asked 3. is it → it is 4. are they → they are 5. did he go → he went 6. should I → I should 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $