Unit 6 Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

该高中英语课件聚焦现在完成进行时与现在完成时，通过情境导读中David的短文让学生感知加颜色部分，再结合序号对应讲解两种时态的结构、功能及被动形式，搭建从语言感知到语法理解的学习支架。 其亮点在于通过对比表格清晰呈现两种时态的语法功能差异，提升学生思维品质，主题语篇阅读融入生态保护内容，增强文化意识，情境化达标检测与作业设计助力语言能力提升。教师使用可系统落实语法教学，学生能在真实语境中掌握语法应用，提升跨文化沟通能力。

Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar Nurturing nature Unit 6 1 内容索引 情境导读 语法精讲 达标检测 作业2 情境导读 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并回答其后的题目 David ①has been looking forward to working in China.So he ②has been learning Chinese in the past two years.Up to now，he ③has mastered about 1,000 Chinese words and can communicate with Chinese people in simple Chinese.Besides，some Chinese customs and traditions ④have been introduced to him and he ⑤has been prepared for starting a new life in China. ①②使用了 ，其结构是 ，表示从过去某时起一直持续到现在并有可能延续下去的动作。③④⑤使用了 ，其结构是 ，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，其被动形式为 。 返 回 have/has＋been＋现在分词 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 have/has＋过去分词 have/has been done 语法精讲 现在完成进行时 一、现在完成进行时的结构 现在完成进行时由“have/has＋been＋现在分词”构成。 二、现在完成进行时的用法 1.常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直延续到现在，并且会继续进行下去的动作。动词多用延续性动词，并常和all this time，this week，this month，all night，all the morning，recently，so far，up to now等状语以及for，since，ever since引导的时间状语连用。 He has been writing articles to the newspapers since he became a teacher. 自从任教以来，他一直在为报刊撰稿。 I have been waiting for that applicant for an hour，but he still hasn’t turned up. 我已经等那位申请人一个小时了，可他还没出现。 2.表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。 We have been making every effort to improve the working conditions. 我们一直在尽一切努力改善工作条件。 The teacher has been telling us to be careful all the time.老师一直在告诉我们要细心。 3.表示某种感情色彩。 I have been wanting to meet you for a long time.和你见面是我盼望已久的事。 You have been daydreaming but never make an effort.你一直在做白日梦，但从不努力。 三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时 时态 基本语法功能 动作的反复 现在完成进行时 强调动作的持续性 可表示动作的反复 现在完成时 强调动作对现在的影响或产生的后果 不表示动作的反复 Have you been meeting him recently？ 你最近常和他见面吗？ Have you met him recently？ 你最近见过他吗？ He has written a letter. 他写了一封信。(已经写好) He has been writing a letter. 他一直在写一封信。(仍然在写) 四、不能用现在完成进行时的情况 1.某些不能用于进行时的动词同样也不能用于现在完成进行时，只能用现在完成时，如see，hear，know，have，like，be等。 他已经感冒两个星期了。 He has been having a cold for two weeks.(×) He has had a cold for two weeks.(√) 2.与一段时间连用时可以用现在完成时也可以用现在完成进行时；但与“次数”连用时只能用现在完成时，不能用现在完成进行时。 It hasn’t rained for six weeks. 已经六个星期没下雨了。 It has been raining for two days and it is still raining. 雨已经下了两天了，而且现在还在下。 He has rung me up five times since 12 o’clock. 从十二点后，他已经给我打了五次电话。 He has been ringing me up all the morning. 他整个上午一直在给我打电话。 返 回 达标检测 1.你一直说你能成功已经说了五年了，但到现在为止还没有任何进展。 you can succeed for five years，but nothing has happened up to now. 2.这些年来，我利用闲暇时间参观了世界上的很多博物馆。 I many museums worldwide at my leisure these years. 3.你的衣服满是灰尘，我想你一直在打扫教室吧。 Your clothes are covered with dust.I guess you _______________________ __________. Ⅰ.完成句子 You’ve been saying have been visiting have been cleaning the classroom 4.我一直在想我是否能通过这份工作的面试。 whether I can pass the interview for the job. 5.《傲慢与偏见》这本书，我已经读过好几遍了。 I Pride and Prejudice several times. I have been wondering have read the book Since the winter holidays two years ago，we 1.___________________ (study) hard for the college entrance exam.Two English books 2.________ ________(finish) and more than 600 words 3.________________________ (memorize).We 4. (look) forward to entering a key university.We 5. (make) adequate preparations.The day we 6. (expect) is approaching.How I wish to be admitted to my dream university! Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 返 回 have been studying have been finished have been memorized have been looking have made have been expecting 作业2 1.The two friends (chat) on the Internet for three hours. 2.I have to see the doctor because I (cough) a lot lately. 3.It is the most instructive lecture that I (attend) since I came to this school. 4.The police (keep) track of the underground organization for two years. 5.We (advertise) in all the local papers for a nurse，but with no result to date. Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 have been chatting have been coughing have attended have been keeping have been advertising 6.Careful people may notice that this city’s unemployment rate _________ ______(rise) in recent years. 7.So many great changes (take) place in my hometown that it is totally beyond recognition. 8.In order to find the missing child，villagers (do) all they can over the past five hours. has been rising have taken have been doing 1.我寄出了一打明信片，可一张(别人给我的)也没收到。 I ，but received none. 2.我发现最近你一直在丢东西。 I find that you in recent time. 3.我最近一直从报纸上看有关招聘的信息。 I the information about recruitment from the newspaper recently. Ⅱ.完成句子 have posted a dozen postcards have been losing things have been reading 4.因为已经采取了许多有效措施，环境已经被极大地改善了。 Because many effective measures have been taken，__________________ __________________. 5.这个小男孩从头到脚都很脏，因为他整个早上都一直在泥巴里玩。 The little boy is dirty from head to foot _____________________________ ______________________. the environment has been improved a lot because he has been playing in the mud all the morning A The Wuyishan National Park，known for its amazing landscape and respected tea industry，has taken significant steps to safeguard its traditional tea heritage and industry，while using technological advances to raise the incomes of local people. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了自武夷山国家公园建立以来，园区采取生态友好型种植方式，既保护了当地环境，又提高了茶农收入。 Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读 Home to one of China’s largest and most diverse subtropical forests，Wuyi Mountain is the only place in the country where Wuyi rock tea is grown.In the 18th century，Wuyi rock tea was the most popular tea in Europe.However，illegal land reclamation(开垦) of tea mountains and the destruction of plant resources damaged the environment in the area around Wuyi Mountain. Then the Wuyishan National Park was established in 2021，as one of the first batch of China’s national parks.The park authorities have cooperated with tea experts to make up a strategy for the improvement of the Wuyi Mountain tea industry and biodiversity. “In order to better protect the forest，we must respect and preserve the existing areas for the locals to plant and live on，but further expansion has been restricted，” said Huang Zhimin，a researcher with the park’s management bureau. Eco-friendly plantations that use the “tea forest” and “tea grass” models have been introduced to the park.Moreover，the authorities provide farmers with free seedlings(幼苗) of precious broad-leaved trees like nanmu.This practice not only protects local biodiversity，but also improves the quality of the tea. The Wuyishan National Park’s authorities have been working with tea experts to improve production and quality through the use of innovative technological methods.A local farmer said，“In the past，we lacked knowledge of scientific tea field management，which resulted in teas of average quality that were only suitable for basic daily consumption.Now，with the help of scientific approaches，the quality of our teas has risen significantly.” 1.What was the Wuyishan National Park intended for? A.To attract more tourists to come here. B.To examine innovative technological methods. C.To arouse the awareness of protecting the biodiversity. D.To promote the eco-environment and tea quality. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However，illegal land reclamation(开垦) of tea mountains and the destruction of plant resources damaged the environment in the area around Wuyi Mountain.”和第三段中“The park authorities have cooperated with tea experts to make up a strategy for the improvement of the Wuyi Mountain tea industry and biodiversity.”可知，武夷山国家公园的设计初衷是改善生态环境和茶叶质量。故选D。 解析 2.What does the underlined phrase “This practice” in paragraph 5 mean? A.Asking the authorities for help. B.Decreasing land reclamation of tea mountains. C.Using eco-friendly plantations. D.Growing all the broad-leaved trees. √ 词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，“This practice”指本段首句“Eco-friendly plantations that use the ‘tea forest’ and ‘tea grass’ models have been introduced to the park.”提及的使用生态友好型种植园。故选C。 解析 3.What can be inferred according to the local farmer in the last paragraph? A.They benefit a lot from the tourism of the national park. B.The quality of their teas are much better than before. C.The scientific approaches make no difference to them. D.Their knowledge of tea field management is the best. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A local farmer said，‘...Now，with the help of scientific approaches，the quality of our teas has risen significantly.’”可知，他们的茶叶质量比以前好多了。故选B。 解析 4.Where is the text most probably taken from? A.A novel. B.A medical book. C.A tourist brochure. D.A magazine. √ 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是武夷山国家公园的相关内容，可能出自农业和环境保护方面的杂志。故选D。 解析 B(此篇精读) A Fish and Wildlife Service proposal would protect the whitebark pine as an endangered species.Whitebark pines can live for up to 1,000 years and grow at elevations(海拔) as high as 12,000 feet. Environmentalists had requested the government in 1991 and again in 2008 to protect the trees.A nonnative fungus has been killing whitebark pines for a century.More recently，the trees have proved vulnerable(易受伤的) to tiny insects that have killed large areas of forest. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国鱼类及野生动植物管理局的一项提案将把白皮松作为濒危物种加以保护，并解释了原因。 The whitebark pines have almost disappeared in some areas，including the eastern edge of Yellowstone National Park，where they are a source of food for threatened grizzly bears(灰熊).This makes the government’s declaration of the Yellowstone area’s grizzly bears as a restored species a lie. After being blamed for not taking steps to protect the trees，wildlife officials in 2011 admitted that whitebark pines needed protection，but they didn’t act rapidly，saying other species faced more immediate threats. A lawyer for the Natural Resources Defense Council，which made the formal request for protection in 2008，expressed his disappointment that it took so long but said the proposal was still worth celebrating. The government’s proposal described the threats to the trees as immediate and said the whitebark pines were one of many plants expected to be harmed as climate change moves faster than they can adapt.“Whitebark pines survive at high elevations already，so there is little remaining habitat in many areas for the species to move to higher elevations in response to warmer temperatures，” Fish and Wildlife Service officials wrote. Government officials are working with researchers and private groups on plans to gather seed from trees，grow them in greenhouses and then plant them back on the landscape，according to Fish and Wildlife Service biologist Amy Nicholas.A proposal of that nationwide restoration is expected by the end of this year.“We do have options to restore this species，” Nicholas said. 5.What do we know about whitebark pines? A.They are long-lived，high-elevation trees. B.They have a strong resistance to nonnative fungi. C.The government used to care about protecting them. D.They and small insects depend on each other for survival. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whitebark pines can live for up to 1,000 years and grow at elevations(海拔) as high as 12,000 feet.”可知，白皮松是长寿命的高海拔树木。故选A。 解析 6.What makes the government’s announcement about grizzly bears a lie? A.Grizzly bears are no longer threatened. B.The whitebark pines have almost disappeared. C.The population of grizzly bears has increased greatly. D.The government is actually doing nothing to protect bears. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段“The whitebark pines have almost disappeared in some areas...This makes the government’s declaration of the Yellowstone area’s grizzly bears as a restored species a lie.”可知，白皮松几乎消失了，这使得政府关于灰熊的声明成了谎言。故选B。 解析 7.Which of the following would the lawyer agree with? A.Better late than never. B.All roads lead to Rome. C.Never do things by halves. D.The first step is the hardest. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段“A lawyer...expressed his disappointment that it took so long but said the proposal was still worth celebrating.”可知，这名律师可能会同意“迟做总比不做好”。故选A。 解析 8.What is Amy Nicholas’ attitude toward saving whitebark pines? A.Irresponsible. B.Doubtful. C.Optimistic. D.Uncertain. √ 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“‘We do have options to restore this species，’ Nicholas said.”可知，她对拯救白皮松的态度是乐观的。故选C。 解析 1.propose v.提议→proposal n.提议，建议 2.endangered adj.(动物、鸟类等)濒危的，濒临灭绝的 3.restore v.修复；恢复→restoration n.恢复；复原 词汇积累 After being blamed for not taking steps to protect the trees，wildlife officials in 2011 admitted that whitebark pines needed protection，but they didn’t act rapidly，saying other species faced more immediate threats. 分析：此句为并列复合句。but连接两个句子，前面是主从复合句，含有that引导的宾语从句，being...和not taking...都是动名词短语作介词的宾语；but后是简单句，saying...是现在分词短语作状语。 句式分析 翻译：在被指责没有采取措施保护这些树木后，野生动植物官员在2011年承认，白皮松需要保护，但他们没有迅速采取行动，称其他物种面临着更直接的威胁。 (2025·江西宜春高二上期中) Once a niche sport(小众运动)，rock climbing has become a mainstream pleasure enjoyed by many. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在攀岩运动中应如何保护动植物。 Ⅳ.七选五阅读 A.You can help by becoming a citizen scientist. B.This information is usually available in climbing guidebooks. C.This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. D.Why not get in touch with one that inspires you and ask what you can do? E.Keeping existing routes in good condition avoids the damage to vegetation. F.These data can then be accessed by scientists to avoid environmental issues on cliffs. G.The natural world offers an exciting adventure through beautiful environments filled with wildlife. √ 1 However，with rock climbing’s rise in popularity，the amazing biodiversity sustained by cliff ecosystems is under pressure.To relieve this problem，there are numerous helpful acts you can do. 根据本段前后文可知，空白处前后应该是转折关系，前文强调攀岩已经成为主流娱乐活动，空后提到攀岩过程中会对岩壁的生态系统造成不良影响，而G项中的“an exciting adventure”与空前的“a mainstream pleasure enjoyed by many”相呼应，且与后文提到的不良影响形成对比，符合语境。故选G。 解析 The presence of climbers at the cliff where birds are nesting can cause them to abandon their chicks to starvation.You should check if there are any bird-nesting restrictions in the areas where you plan to climb. 2 And some organizations have an online database you can check. A.You can help by becoming a citizen scientist. B.This information is usually available in climbing guidebooks. C.This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. D.Why not get in touch with one that inspires you and ask what you can do? E.Keeping existing routes in good condition avoids the damage to vegetation. F.These data can then be accessed by scientists to avoid environmental issues on cliffs. G.The natural world offers an exciting adventure through beautiful environments filled with wildlife. √ 根据本段前后文可知，你应该检查一下你计划攀登的地方是否有鸟类筑巢的限制，而你可以查询一些组织的在线数据库。所以空白处讲的也是在哪里查询该区域是否有鸟类筑巢限制，B项符合语境。故选B。 解析 Sometimes climbers also remove plants and soil when establishing a route that has not been climbed before so that it becomes more suitable for climbing. 3 Work with other route developers and conservationists to understand the potential impact of route development on the plants. A.You can help by becoming a citizen scientist. B.This information is usually available in climbing guidebooks. C.This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. D.Why not get in touch with one that inspires you and ask what you can do? E.Keeping existing routes in good condition avoids the damage to vegetation. F.These data can then be accessed by scientists to avoid environmental issues on cliffs. G.The natural world offers an exciting adventure through beautiful environments filled with wildlife. √ 根据本段前文可知，攀岩者在开辟适宜攀岩的路线时，通常会除去路上的植物和土壤；后文提到需要了解线路开发对植被的潜在影响。故空白处应承上启下，提及为开辟新路可能对岩壁的生态系统产生的影响。C项符合语境。故选C。 解析 4 In the early days，climbers often collected data about the species and geography they encountered as part of an adventure. A.You can help by becoming a citizen scientist. B.This information is usually available in climbing guidebooks. C.This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. D.Why not get in touch with one that inspires you and ask what you can do? E.Keeping existing routes in good condition avoids the damage to vegetation. F.These data can then be accessed by scientists to avoid environmental issues on cliffs. G.The natural world offers an exciting adventure through beautiful environments filled with wildlife. √ 根据本段后文可知，本段主要谈论由于智能手机的普及，我们为科学做贡献变得更为便利。A项概括本段主要内容，指出你可以通过智能手机或者当代科技的帮助来成为一名平民科学家，收集物种或者地理的相关数据。故选A。 解析 It is now much easier to contribute to science as a climber.Much of this comes down to the fact that each of us carries a tiny computer that can smoothly capture images，location，and sound and associate them with a timestamp—our smartphones! Actually，in many places，climber representative bodies are taking great steps to ensure climbing is managed sustainably.This involves cooperating with the authorities of natural parks，and conservation organizations so that agreements can be reached that minimize the impact of climbing on the environment while keeping regulations to a minimum. These organizations often have limited funds to achieve these goals and tend to rely on the support of volunteers. 5 A.You can help by becoming a citizen scientist. B.This information is usually available in climbing guidebooks. C.This can wipe out the cliff ecosystem that was there previously. D.Why not get in touch with one that inspires you and ask what you can do? E.Keeping existing routes in good condition avoids the damage to vegetation. F.These data can then be accessed by scientists to avoid environmental issues on cliffs. G.The natural world offers an exciting adventure through beautiful environments filled with wildlife. √ 根据本段前文可知，与自然保护组织合作能减少攀岩活动对环境的影响。但这些组织往往资金有限，依赖志愿者的支持。D项中的one 指代前文的conservation organizations，并鼓励读者主动联系这些保护组织，成为其中的志愿者，为在攀岩运动中保护动植物提供帮助。故选D。 解析 Ⅴ.语法填空 Chinese shadow puppetry(皮影戏) is probably one of the most ancient arts using light and shadow. Generally，shadow puppetry is a 1. (combine) of various art forms involving painting，carving，music，opera performance and story-telling. 语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了中国皮影戏这一古老艺术形式的历史、制作过程、表演方式以及当前面临的挑战和保护措施。 combination 考查名词。空处用名词combination“结合”作表语，结合空前的a可知，用单数形式。故填combination。 解析 Dating back to the Han Dynasty，shadow puppetry reached its golden age in the Qing Dynasty.At that time，it 2. (perform) in almost every province，and at various celebrations，ranging 3.________ weddings to festival celebrations. was performed 2.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语At that time可知，句子时态用一般过去时，主语it和谓语动词perform“表演”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was performed。 3.考查介词。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处为固定短语range from...to...表示“范围从……到……”。故填from。 解析 from It is not an easy job to make the puppets(木偶) 4. (use) in performances.Most of them are made of leathers,5. must be carefully selected and repeatedly polished and processed before they are ready for carving the puppets.When the leathers become transparent，fine and smooth enough，the artists would paint the characters on them，and then carve them out with tools. used which 4.考查非谓语动词。本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且puppets与use“使用”之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词puppets。故填used。 5.考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是leathers，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 解析 The body parts of the puppets are 6. (separate) cut out and joined together，so that they could have as much as 24 movable joints(关节).Performers hold them with sticks connected to 7. (they) most important joints during the performances，so that the puppets could be shown as “moving images” on the screens. separately 6.考查副词。空处应用副词separately “单独地；分别地”，修饰谓语are cut out。故填separately。 7.考查代词。空处应用形容词性物主代词their，修饰most important joints。故填their。 解析 their With 8. rise of various forms of entertainment，shadow puppetry has been losing its shine.However，local artists across China 9.____________________(explore) ways to help it survive. the 8.考查冠词。空处应填定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。 9.考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，explore“探索”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并将继续持续下去，句子时态应用现在完成进行时，又因主语artists是复数，所以助动词用have。故填have been exploring。 解析 have been exploring In 2011，Chinese shadow puppetry was added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage list，thus 10. (breathe) new life into the ancient art form. breathing 考查非谓语动词。breathe new life into意为“给……注入新的活力”。本句谓语为was added，此处为非谓语动词，breathe与其逻辑主语Chinese shadow puppetry之间为主动关系，空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填breathing。 解析 返 回 本课结束 $