Unit 2 Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

该高中英语课件聚焦动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语及it作形式宾语，通过情境导读短文让学生感知语法现象，再系统精讲用法规则，构建从语境感知到规则归纳的学习支架。 其亮点在于采用口诀记忆法（如“考虑建议盼原谅”等）梳理动词搭配，结合即时训练、达标检测和语篇应用分层巩固，助力学生提升语言能力（语境中理解与表达）、思维品质（辨析用法差异）和学习能力（运用记忆策略），既帮助学生扎实掌握语法，也为教师提供高效教学资源。

Period 2 Using language(1)—Grammar Onwards and upwards Unit 2 1 内容索引 情境导读 语法精讲 达标检测 作业2 情境导读 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并回答其后的题目 I had expected ①to pass the English examination but the fact was that I failed.I was in a bad mood and intended ②to reflect on my mistakes.I considered it useless ③regretting it.To avoid ④making the same mistake or making my parents upset，I determined ⑤to work hard from then on.I gave up ⑥playing computer games and focused on my study.I practised ⑦writing and speaking English every day.I just couldn’t wait for the next examination and looked forward to the opportunity to prove myself. 以上语段中的①，②，⑤均为动词 在句中作宾语；③，④，⑥和⑦均为动词-ing形式在句中作宾语；其中③所在句中的第一个it作_________，regretting it作动词 的真正宾语。 返 回 不定式 形式宾语 considered 语法精讲 动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语 一、动词-ing形式作宾语 请牢记下面的口诀：只能接动名词作宾语的动词及短语 考虑建议盼原谅(consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse) 承认推迟没得想(admit，delay/put off，fancy) 避免错过继续练(avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practise) 否认完成就欣赏(deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate) 禁止想象才冒险(forbid，imagine，risk) 不禁介意准逃亡(can’t help，mind，allow/permit，escape) 难以忍受始反对(can’t stand，get down to，object to) 想要成功坚持忙(feel like，succeed in，stick to/insist on，be busy in) 习惯放弃有困难(be used to，give up，have difficulty in) 导致专心防道歉(lead to，devote...to，prevent...from，apologise for) Have you ever considered going abroad for further education? 你考虑过去国外深造吗？ You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office. 如果你们两个人在同一间办公室工作，你就免不了会遇见她。 [点津]　介词后要用动名词作宾语，要注意“to”为介词的一些情况，如：look forward to(盼望)，be/get used to(习惯于)，be equal to(能胜任)，devote...to...(把……献给……)，stick to(坚持)，object to(反对)，lead to(导致)，pay attention to(注意)等短语中的to都是介词。 He has been looking forward to going to England for a long time. 很长一段时间以来他一直盼望去英国。 [即时训练1]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He has got used to (live) in the countryside. ②I don’t mind (travel) by bus，but I hate (stand) in queues. ③Try to keep (exercise) regularly to maintain your health and fitness. ④你不能在此处吸烟，因为我们不允许在办公室吸烟。 You can’t smoke here because . ⑤这太棒了；我做梦也没想过能参观如此美丽的地方。 This is fantastic； . living travelling standing exercising we don’t permit smoking in the office I have never dreamed of visiting such a beautiful place 二、动词不定式作宾语 请牢记下面的口诀：只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词及短语 同意提出做计划(agree，offer，intend，plan) 要求答应来帮忙(demand，promise，help) 准备决定遭拒绝(prepare，decide，refuse) 敢于选择有希望(choose，wish，hope，want，expect) 恳求安排又威胁(ask/beg，arrange，threaten) 不能做到莫假装(fail，pretend) 声称目标不犹豫(claim，aim，hesitate) 设法做成决心强(manage，determine) 想要着手付不起(would like，set out，afford) I can’t afford to waste money on cheap brands. 我不能把钱浪费在那些廉价的品牌上。 At last I managed to carry all those large boxes upstairs. 最后我设法把那些大箱子都搬上了楼。 The young barber offered to pay for our meal. 那个年轻的理发师主动提出为我们付饭钱。 [点津]　能跟“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语的动词：understand/tell/explain/ teach/learn/know/ask/ decide/wonder等。 He didn’t know how to deal with the accident. 他不知道怎样处理这场事故。 [即时训练2]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Rome can be pricey for travellers，which is why many choose _______ (stay) in a hostel. ②Activities in this project aim (have) a low impact on the natural environment. ③The college principal promised (investigate) the matter. ④你能告诉我接下来该怎么做来解决这道数学题吗？ Can you tell me in order to solve this math problem? to stay to have to investigate what to do next ⑤这些动物已经弄清楚了如何将它们在训练中学到的东西应用到真实场景中。 The animals have figured out _____________________________________ ___________real-world situations. how to apply what they learned during training to 三、既可跟动词-ing形式又可跟不定式作宾语的动词 动词 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记要做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing 后悔做了…… try to do 尽力做…… doing 尝试做…… 动词 宾语的形式 意义 mean to do 打算做…… doing 意味着…… stop to do 停下来去做(另一件事) doing 停止做(同一件事) go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the circus. 当你离开马戏团时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。 She told me to go and lock the door.She didn’t remember locking the door after supper. 她叫我去锁门，她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。 They didn’t mean to go to the amusement park for entertainment.他们并不打算去游乐场玩。 His words meant going to cheer you up without delay.他的话意味着马上让你高兴起来。 [点津] 1.hate/like/love/prefer后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语，表示习惯性或经常性的行为；若表示特定的、具体的或一次性的活动时则多用不定式作宾语。begin/start/continue等后面跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义差别不大。 They prefer staying indoors when it is cold. 天冷时他们喜欢待在屋里。 Would you prefer to stay at home or go to the movies with us this evening? 今晚你想待在家里还是和我们一起去看电影呢？ Tom began learning/to learn how to use a computer. 汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。 2.need，want，require等动词作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动名词的主动形式或跟动词不定式的被动式，都表示被动意义。 Your house needs repairing/to be repaired. 你的房子需要维修。 The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately.这个问题需要立即予以解决。 [即时训练3]　单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换 ①This is how they learn (make) friends and to avoid (do) things that hurt others. ②I don’t feel like (play) basketball，but I would like (play) basketball this afternoon. ③很遗憾，我不能加入你们。 I I won’t be able to join you. to make doing playing to play regret to say ④我后悔没有接受你的建议。 I regret your advice. ⑤These young trees require watering. →These young trees require . not accepting to be watered 四、it作形式宾语 记住句型“6123”结构： “6”指主句中常用的六个动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel； “1”指的是形式宾语it； “2”指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； “3”指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语、动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 此结构中，it是形式宾语，其后的adj.或n.是宾语补足语，而动名词短语/不定式短语/that引导的宾语从句才是真正的宾语。 1.主语＋谓语(think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/find等)＋it＋宾补(no use/no good/ useless/a waste of time等)＋doing... I think it no use informing them of the rejection. 我认为告知他们这个否决没有用处了。 2.主语＋谓语(think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/find等)＋it＋宾补(adj./n.)＋(for sb) to do.../宾语从句 She has made it a rule to go out for a walk after supper. 她已经养成了晚饭后出去散步的习惯。 I feel it pleasant to work with you. 我觉得与你共事是件令人愉快的事。 I must make it clear that I’ll always support you. 我必须说清楚，我会一直支持你。 [即时训练4]　单句语法填空 ①Do you consider it any good (try) again? ②No matter how busy he is，he makes it a rule (read) at least 20 minutes a day. ③As working from home becomes increasingly common，people are finding it easier (combine) parenthood with a full-time career. 返 回 trying to read to combine 达标检测 1.Missing the train means (wait) for another hour，which can be quite frustrating. 2.He found it important (fix) a date for the outing as it would save them a lot of trouble. 3.The girl admitted (break) the vase and made an apology to her mother. 4.Although the young man was less experienced，he managed _________ (overcome) the difficulty. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 waiting to fix breaking/having broken to overcome 5.She was unsure whether (accept) the job offer，as it required moving to a different city. 6.After he finished (do) maths homework，he went on __________ (write) a composition. 7.The teacher regretted (tell) that he didn’t pass the exam，and Tom regretted not (study) hard. 8.I can’t stand (work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses (stop) talking while she works. to accept doing to write to tell studying working to stop 9.Have you forgotten (bring) the books borrowed from me？Will you please remember (bring) them tomorrow? 10.It is written in the instructions that we need those flowers regularly，because they need in this hot weather. (water) bringing to bring to water watering/to be watered 怀着沉重的心情，我遗憾地告诉他那个不幸的消息：他已被解雇。当我不知道如何安慰他时，他回答说：“我并不难过。我只是深深后悔当初选错了工作。” Ⅱ.根据汉语提示补全下面语段 With a heavy heart，I 1. the unfortunate news that he had been dismissed from his position.When I had no idea 2. ，he responded，“I am not sad.I only deeply 3._________________________in the first place.” regretted to tell him how to comfort him regret taking the wrong job 当他要离开时，他转身对我露出了愉快的笑容，用一种玩笑的口吻提醒我：“记得归还你上次从我这里借的钱。”我努力回想那件事。但尽管我使出了浑身解数，我还是禁不住说：“我清楚地记得我已经还给你了。” As he was leaving，he turned to me with a cheerful smile，reminding me in a playful tone，“Don’t 4. the money you borrowed from me last time.” I 5. the incident.But despite my best efforts，I 6. ，“I distinctly 7._________________________ already.” 返 回 forget to pay me back struggled to recall couldn’t help saying remember paying you back 作业2 1.The question who should do the job requires _______________________ ___________(consider). 2.I find it my duty (help) you when you are in debt. 3.I really appreciated (give) such a good chance. 4.He pretended (know) nothing about the criticism. 5.He determined not (inform) his parents of the outcome. 6.When he saw the funny clown，he couldn’t help (laugh). Ⅰ.单句语法填空 considering/to be considered to help being given to know to inform laughing 7.You’d better set aside some time to practice (speak) English. 8.To be honest，I didn’t mean (hurt) him.I was only joking then. 9.Those days she was considering (change) her job for it was really boring. 10.Young people may risk (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. speaking to hurt changing going 1.雇主承诺尽快解决这个问题。 The employer . 2.讨论过后，他们决定推迟公布这个结果。 After a discussion，they decided to . 3.我后悔昨晚看了那部电影，因为它非常乏味。 I regretted ，for it was so boring. 4.他主动提出开车送我回家，但我没有接受。 ，but I didn’t accept. Ⅱ.完成句子 promised to settle the problem as soon as possible delay announcing the outcome seeing the film last night He offered to drive me home 5.和父母谈过之后，她选择去澳大利亚深造。 After a talk with her parents，____________________________________ _______________. 6.我们几乎花光了所有的钱，住不起旅馆了。 Having spent nearly all our money， . 7.你们决定到哪里去度假了吗？我正在考虑去海滩。 ? I am thinking about going to the beach. she chose to go to Australia for further education/study we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel Have you decided where to spend your holiday I’m fond of 1. (keep) a diary in English to improve my English writing ability.My English teacher often suggests 2.____________ (develop) the habit of thinking in English，so we stick to 3.____________ (practise) it，and gradually we learn how 4. (express) ourselves in English.When keeping a diary in English，we certainly have difficulty in 5. (find) appropriate words and phrases to express our ideas and feelings.As far as I am concerned，I choose 6.____________ (have) a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Ⅲ.短文语境填空 keeping developing practising to express finding to have Whenever something beats me，I enjoy 7. (write) it down in my notebook and then practise 8. (consult) my dictionary. Remember 9. (turn) to English teachers for help，if necessary.In conclusion，I think it beneficial 10. (keep) a diary in English for the development of our writing skills. writing consulting to turn to keep A (2025·山东滨州高二上期中) Finding a rewarding career in life is often difficult，and for one young farmer，a disability could so easily have destroyed his dreams.But as a recent online video showed，a 12-year-old isn’t going to let his muscular dystrophy(肌肉萎缩) stop him from rolling up his sleeves and getting dirty. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述残疾男孩John Ray克服身体限制实现了自己在农场工作的梦想。 Ⅳ.主题语篇阅读 John Ray was born with a rare muscular disease that causes muscles to weaken.“When he was born his prospect was not good.The doctors said they didn’t expect him to live long，” shared John’s mother，Trina Reid with Ontario Farmer. Thankfully，however，John has proved doctors wrong by living life to the full，so much that he’s able to lend a much-needed hand to his father，Donny Ray on the farm.Young John used to be brought to a specific area of the farm to work，but his regular wheelchair wasn’t suitable for farm life，so the family tried their best to adapt to their son’s needs. One day Donny came across an Action Trackchair wheelchair. Unfortunately the chair came with a high price tag that the family couldn’t afford.With the help of Donny’s employer，Wallenstein Feed & Supply Ltd.，the family were able to buy the impressive piece of equipment. Donny made a few adaptions so John could help with the feeding in the barn(谷仓).Over the next two months he’s even been out in the fields helping with the potato planting.Donny shared，“No disabilities here，only new abilities.We get to see a very hard-working John: in the barn and out in the fields.” So with the love，support，and determination of John’s family，the youngster’s future farming career is definitely looking hopeful.And as his mom shares: “If John has taught me anything，it’s that perseverance(毅力) is everything.There is nothing he says he can’t do.” 1.What did John Ray desire to do? A.To live a long life. B.To cure his disease. C.To work on the farm. D.To get family support. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第三段中的“Thankfully，however，John has proved doctors wrong by living life to the full，so much that he’s able to lend a much-needed hand to his father，Donny Ray on the farm.”可知，John Ray渴望在农场工作。故选C。 解析 2.Why did Donny change the Action Trackchair wheelchair? A.To receive a donation from a charity. B.To reduce the price of the equipment. C.To make John adapt to the wheelchair. D.To help John with more farm activities. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Young John used to be brought to a specific area of the farm to work，but his regular wheelchair wasn’t suitable for farm life，so the family tried their best to adapt to their son’s needs.”和第五段中的“Donny made a few adaptions so John could help with the feeding in the barn(谷仓).”可知，Donny给轮椅做了一些调整是为了让John可以做农场里的工作。故选D。 解析 3.What can be inferred from Donny Ray’s words in paragraph 5? A.John’s disabilities limit his capabilities. B.John’s life on the farm is extremely tough. C.John’s condition has improved significantly over time. D.John has developed new abilities despite his condition. √ 推理判断题。根据第五段中Donny说的话“No disabilities here，only new abilities.We get to see a very hard-working John: in the barn and out in the fields.”可知，尽管John身体状况不佳，他还是开发出了新的能力，在农场辛勤劳作。故选D。 解析 4.What is the main message the author wants to convey in the text? A.The huge challenges of finding a rewarding career. B.Overcoming physical limitations to achieve one’s dreams. C.Modern equipment is essential for people with disabilities. D.The importance of family support in living independently. √ 推理判断题。通读全文尤其最后一段内容可知，文章主要讲述了患有罕见肌肉疾病的12岁男孩John Ray如何在家人的帮助下克服身体条件限制，实现自己在农场工作的梦想。因此，作者想要传达的主要信息是“克服身体限制实现个人梦想”。故选B。 解析 B(此篇精读) Five years ago，I wrote about the connection between expectations and happiness—lower your expectations and you will be happier: control expectations and despair won’t be so obvious when life does not go according to plan.And perhaps there is some truth in that idea. 语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了希望的重要性。 However，with reduced expectations，we chip away at hope.And how can we not hope for a better tomorrow? I consider myself to be someone with spirit.I look forward to experiences and expect memorable ones.And while it’s important to cope when such experiences fall through，I think it’s even more important to hold onto what was originally present—that sense of hope. The Times article，Optimism Bias: Human Brain May Be Hardwired for Hope，offers a perspective with roots in evolutionary(进化的) psychology.Hope can be wired in the human brain to enhance survival.If present during trying times，hope can be a factor that allows some to overcome difficulties and gather positivity for the days ahead. “Hope keeps our minds at ease，lowers stress and improves physical health，” the article states.“Researchers studying patients with heart disease found that optimists were more likely than nonoptimistic patients to take vitamins，eat low-fat diets and exercise，thereby reducing their overall risk.A study of cancer patients revealed that pessimistic patients under the age of 60 were more likely to die within eight months than nonpessimistic patients of the same initial health and age.” Life is always going to bring us challenges.Life is always going to be comprised of problems that might pull us down.Is it still foolish to have hope? I say it’s not.Because without hope，what are we left with? I say hope is significant.I say it’s a beautiful part of what it means to be human. 5.What would the author do to deal with disappointments five years ago? A.Raise expectations. B.Anticipate less. C.Stay away from stress. D.Make fewer plans. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Five years ago，I wrote about the connection...control expectations and despair won’t be so obvious when life does not go according to plan.”可知，五年前作者通过降低期待来处理失望。故选B。 解析 6.What does the underlined phrase “chip away at” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Forget. B.Weaken. C.Change. D.Doubt. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文“However，with reduced expectations”以及后文“And how can we not hope for a better tomorrow？”可推知画线短语所在句句意：随着期待的降低，我们的希望也在逐渐削弱。故画线短语“chip away at”意为“削弱”。故选B。 解析 7.What can we learn from The Times article? A.Pessimists tend to live a shorter life. B.Optimists usually have a better appetite. C.Being hopeful helps humans survive. D.Human brains are designed for hardship. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hope can be wired in the human brain to enhance survival.”可知，心怀希望有助于人类生存。故选C。 解析 8.What is the text mainly about? A.The methods of achieving happiness. B.How to cope with difficulties. C.The importance of holding on to hope. D.How to balance hope and reality. √ 主旨大意题。通读文章并结合最后一段可知，本文从期望和幸福出发，论述了希望的重要性，并引用研究和理论支持该观点。因此，这篇文章的主要内容是坚持希望的重要性。故选C。 解析 1.lower 熟义：adj.较低级的 生义(文义)：v.降低；减少 2.memorable(派)＝memor(y)＋able adj.难忘的；值得纪念的 3.fall through失败；落空 4.hold onto坚持；紧紧抓住 5.at ease安逸；自由自在 6.be comprised of包括，包含；由……组成 词汇积累 And while it’s important to cope when such experiences fall through，I think it’s even more important to hold onto what was originally present—that sense of hope. 分析：此句是复合句。while引导让步状语从句；when引导时间状语从句；think后为省略了引导词that的宾语从句；what引导宾语从句。 翻译：当这些经历失败时，尽管应对是很重要的，但我认为更重要的是要保持最初存在的东西——希望感。 句式分析 (2024·浙江宁波高二上期中) Navigating the Transition to Adulthood The teenage years are a transformative period of life，a time when you embark on the journey from childhood to adulthood.It’s a period filled with self-discovery，challenges，and personal growth. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了青春期的一些重要的挑战和改变。 Ⅴ.七选五阅读 A.Seize the chance to explore your interests and talents. B.Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation. C.It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships. D.Celebrate your uniqueness and don’t be afraid to be yourself. E.The path to adulthood is winding，with both triumphs and failures. F.Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common. G.From academic choices to personal values，your decisions shape your future. √ Identity Exploration：One of the initial challenges during adolescence is wrestling with your identity. 1 These inquiries of self-discovery can lead to changes in friendships，interests，and even your goals. 上文“One of the initial challenges during adolescence is wrestling with your identity.”说明在青春期需要探索自己的身份，结合下文“These inquiries of self-discovery can lead to changes in friendships，interests，and even your goals.”可知，空处应与身份探索的问题相关，F项中“who you are and what you stand for”照应上文“your identity”，“Questions”照应下文“These inquiries”，衔接恰当，符合语境。故选F。 解析 Academic and Life Skills：As high school students，you’re dealing with academic pressures，extracurricular activities，and social relationships.Balancing these aspects of life can be challenging，but it’s an opportunity to develop essential life skills. The Role of Friendships：Friendships play a significant role in your teenage years.They can offer support and shared experiences. 2 Surround yourself with friends who uplift and respect you，and be a supportive friend in return. A.Seize the chance to explore your interests and talents. B.Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation. C.It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships. D.Celebrate your uniqueness and don’t be afraid to be yourself. E.The path to adulthood is winding，with both triumphs and failures. F.Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common. G.From academic choices to personal values，your decisions shape your future. √ 上文“They can offer support and shared experiences.”说明朋友的重要性，下文“Surround yourself with friends who uplift and respect you，and be a supportive friend in return.”给出具体的交友建议，C项强调要意识到健康关系的重要性，承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 解析 Decision-making Challenges：Decision-making becomes more crucial during this period of life. 3 Don’t be afraid to seek guidance from trusted adults or mentors when faced with tough choices. A.Seize the chance to explore your interests and talents. B.Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation. C.It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships. D.Celebrate your uniqueness and don’t be afraid to be yourself. E.The path to adulthood is winding，with both triumphs and failures. F.Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common. G.From academic choices to personal values，your decisions shape your future. √ 上文“Decision-making becomes more crucial during this period of life.”说明在青春期做决定至关重要。G项“从学术选择到个人价值观，你的决定塑造你的未来”具体说明了为什么做决定很重要，衔接恰当。故选G。 解析 Self-care and Mental Health：Self-care and mental health are vital for teenage growth.During this period，adolescence brings significant pressure. 4 Engaging in hobbies， A.Seize the chance to explore your interests and talents. B.Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation. C.It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships. D.Celebrate your uniqueness and don’t be afraid to be yourself. E.The path to adulthood is winding，with both triumphs and failures. F.Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common. G.From academic choices to personal values，your decisions shape your future. √ 上文“During this period，adolescence brings significant pressure.”说明青春期压力剧增，下文“Engaging in hobbies，spending time with loved ones，or simply enjoying a quiet moment can offer you a much-needed escape.”给出了一些缓解压力的具体活动，B项“腾出时间做一些能给你带来快乐和放松的活动”承接上文，又可引出下文的具体活动，符合语境。故选B。 解析 spending time with loved ones，or simply enjoying a quiet moment can offer you a much-needed escape.And always remember: it’s okay to seek help if you’re struggling with anxiety or other challenges. 5 Embrace each moment， A.Seize the chance to explore your interests and talents. B.Make time for activities that bring you joy and relaxation. C.It’s essential to recognize the value of healthy relationships. D.Celebrate your uniqueness and don’t be afraid to be yourself. E.The path to adulthood is winding，with both triumphs and failures. F.Questions about who you are and what you stand for are common. G.From academic choices to personal values，your decisions shape your future. √ 下文“Embrace each moment，savor the journey，and recognize that growth often comes from facing and overcoming challenges.”说明由童年到成年的过渡阶段会遇到各种事情，我们要做的就是享受每一刻，坦然面对。E项“通往成年的道路是曲折的，成败并存”可以自然地引出下文“Embrace each moment”，衔接恰当。故选E。 解析 savor the journey，and recognize that growth often comes from facing and overcoming challenges.As you navigate your teenage years，remember that you have the strength to thrive and discover your unique place in the world.Your journey is just beginning，and it holds incredible potential. Ⅵ.语法填空 Anyone who has an interest in Dunhuang will have heard of Fan Jinshi. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“敦煌女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌文物做出的巨大贡献。 The Chinese archaeologist 1. has spent more than half a century researching and preserving the caves at the heart of the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province 2. (know) as the “Daughter of Dunhuang” in her field， who/that 1.考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是archaeologist，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 2.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。主语The Chinese archaeologist和know之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词应用is，故填is known。 解析 is known though “protector” is probably a more fitting 3. (describe). Fan has been studying the historical site since the early 1960s，first as an archaeology undergraduate from Peking University， description 考查名词。此处表示“一个更恰当的形容”，所以应用名词description作表语，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式，故填description。 解析 then as a conservationist when she 4. (become) the deputy director of the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1984，which serves to prevent the ancient site from 5. (destroy). became 4.考查动词时态。空处在when引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，根据从句中时间状语in 1984可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应使用一般过去时，故填became。 5.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处构成固定短语prevent sth from doing sth“防止某事物发生某种情况”，空处作介词from的宾语，表示“敦煌遗址被破坏”，表示被动意义，应使用动名词的被动语态。故填being destroyed。 解析 being destroyed “It is over a thousand years old.It is an old person，an 6.__________ (extreme) weak old person.It has 7. (vary) illnesses.If you are a little careless，it could be gone.Gone forever，” Fan says. extremely 6.考查副词。此处应使用副词extremely，修饰形容词weak，作状语。故填extremely。 7.考查形容词。空格处充当定语，修饰名词illnesses，应使用形容词various，故填various。 解析 various Today，thanks to the work of great 8. (archaeologist) such as Fan，Dunhuang is proud of the world’s largest and best-preserved collection of relics dating from the fifth to the 13th centuries. archaeologists 考查名词复数。archaeologist意为“考古学家”，是可数名词，根据空后的“such as Fan”可知，此处表示多名考古学家，应使用复数形式。故填archaeologists。 解析 The main Mogao site is made up of 735 caves spread across 9. 1,700-metre-wide cliff face，containing 45,000 square metres of murals(壁画) 10. more than 2,000 colorful sculptures(雕塑). a 9.考查冠词。此处1,700-metre-wide cliff face前应用不定冠词，表泛指，空后的1,700-metre-wide的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 10.考查连词。45,000 square metres of murals(壁画)与more than 2,000 colorful sculptures(雕塑)为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接，故填and。 解析 and 返 回 本课结束 $