Unit 1 Period 4 Developing ideas（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（外研版·新教材）

该高中英语课件围绕“幽默”主题，系统呈现幽默的定义、马克·吐温和汪曾祺的幽默特点及相关语言知识，通过Fast reading梳理文章结构、Careful reading深化细节理解，再过渡到词汇语法梳理与基础检测，构建从理解到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、文化意识和思维品质培养，通过对比分析两位作家的幽默风格渗透中外文化理解，长难句结构分析提升逻辑思维，主题微写作强化语言输出。学生能提升跨文化沟通与语言运用能力，教师可借助系统任务设计提高教学效率。

Period 4 Developing ideas Laugh out loud！ Unit 1 内容索引 Step 1　课文深度理解 Step 2　语言知识梳理 Step 3　基础达标检测 作业4 课文深度理解 Task 1　Fast reading for the structure of the text. Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below. entertain sensitive or emotive combine serious funny mischievous witty brand of humour personality attitude a way illuminate the world of life Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text. The passage introduces __________________________________________ __________. two masters in literature who have a great sense of humour Task 2　Careful reading for the details of the text. 1.Which of the opinions below will the author agree with? A.Humour is only a way of entertainment. B.Humour can explain some human behaviour. C.Humour can illuminate sensitive or emotive issues. D.Ancient Greek jokes are as humorous to us now as they were then. √ 2.What is Mark Twain well known for? A.He was expert at giving lectures. B.He liked everyday interactions with people. C.He was able to mix humour with more serious messages. D.He was good at writing and crossing out the wrong words in his writing. √ 3.What can be inferred about Wang’s attitude from his response to others’ flattery? A.He was angry and took the flattery seriously. B.He was modest and responded with humour. C.He was upset and showed his displeasure. D.He was indifferent and ignored the flattery. √ 4.How does the author show us Wang’s unique brand of humour? A.By making a comparison. B.By giving examples. C.By analyzing some statistics. D.By doing research. √ Task 3　Translate the following phrases into English. 1.对……的简短介绍 2.被视为 3.在人生低谷 4.充满 5.使(问题等)较容易理解 6.把……与……结合起来 7.划掉；删除(错误) 8.例如 ______________________ _____________ _______________ ____________ _____________ _______________ ________ ___________ the short introductions to be regarded as in the lows of life be filled with throw light on combine...with... cross out for instance 9.理发店 10.真倒霉 11.独特的幽默风格 12.不仅……而且…… 13.给予温和的回应 14.处在第三位 15.发表演讲 ______________ _____________ ______________________ __________________ ___________________ ____________________ ____________ just one’s luck unique brand of humour not only...but also... give a gentle response stay in the third place give a speech a barber’s shop 16.计划做…… 17.短如兔尾 18.把……倒入/倾注于…… 19.忍不住要做某事 20.保持对生活的热情 __________________ ______________________ ____________ ___________________ ________________________ be scheduled to do... as short as a rabbit’s tail pour... into... can’t help but do sth maintain enthusiasm for life Task 4　Analyse some long and difficult sentences. 1.While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues.(P10 Para.1) [结构分析] 此句为 句，while引导 从句，意为“_____ _____”；状语从句中又包含一个as引导的 从句；主句中的that引导 从句。 让步状语 尽管； 虽然 主从复合 比较状语 宾语 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 虽然那些笑话对现在的我们来说可能不像当时那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。 2.All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.(P10 Para.2) [结构分析] 此句为 句，you have to do是省略了引导词 的定语从句，其先行词是All；主句主语部分含有do，后面作表语的不定式可省略to，所以句中 前省略了to。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ 你只需要把错误的单词划掉。 主从复合 that cross out 3.When Twain replied that he didn’t，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre.(P11 Para.2) [结构分析] 此句为 句，when引导 从句，该从句中包含一个that引导的 从句；主句中包含 引导的 从句，宾语从句中又含有if引导的 从句和as引导的 从句；left为过去分词作 。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 当马克·吐温说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着，因为剧院里没有多余的座位。 主从复合 时间状语 that 条件状语 宾语 宾语 原因状语 后置定语 4.In his essay “On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”(P11 Para.3) [结构分析] 此句为 句，that引导 从句；concluding that...是现在分词短语作 。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 在汪先生的散文《谈幽默》中，他用不到600字的篇幅介绍了几个名人的幽默事例，并得出结论：“世界充满了有趣的事情……” 主从复合 宾语 伴随状语 5.Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality，but also reflects a person’s attitude towards life.(P11 Para.4) [结构分析] 此句为 句，that引导 从句；从句谓语由并列连词 连接。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅能展现一个人的个性，还能反映一个人对生活的态度。 主从复合 宾语 not only...but also... 6.Unfortunately, none of today’s speakers have last names starting with X，Y or Z, so I am the last one to speak.(P12 Para.4) [结构分析] 此句为 句，so为并列连词；starting with X，Y or Z是现在分词短语作 修饰last names；to speak为动词不定式作____ ____。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 不幸的是，今天发言的各位中，没有人的姓氏是以X、Y或Z开头的，所以我是最后一个发言的。 并列 后置定语 后置 定语 7.Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn’t just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world.(P12 Para.5) [结构分析] 此句为 句，第一个that引导 从句，作understand的 ；从句中的not just...but...意为“不仅……而且……”；第二个that引导 从句，修饰先行词a tool。 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，是一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。 主从复合 宾语 宾语 定语 8.In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.(P12 Para.5) [结构分析] 此句为 句，that引导 从句。 返 回 [汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 事实上，有些人甚至会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样强烈。 主从复合 宾语 语言知识梳理 v.使钦佩，使留下深刻印象(impression n.印象 impressive adj.令人赞叹的) [教材原句P7] Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes. 沃森对自己的回答很满意，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。 1 impress [译林版必修第二册 Unit 3] I did not understand all of the traditional customs，but a few made a deep impression on me.我并没有理解所有的传统习俗，但其中有几个给我留下了深刻的印象。 ·impress sb with sth＝impress sth on/upon sb 　某事给某人留下深刻印象；使某人铭记某事 　be impressed with/by对……印象深刻；被……打动 ·make/leave a(n)...impression on sb给某人留下一个……的印象 (1)My teacher impressed the importance of learning English me. ＝My teacher impressed me the importance of learning English. (2)On arriving at the teahouse，the foreign students were impressed ________the unique tea pots and tea cups. (3)What have you found most (impress) about senior high on the first day? on/upon with by/with impressive (4)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)这次活动给我们留下了深刻的印象，激发了我们学生对各种植物的热情。 The activity ____________________________________________ ___and aroused the enthusiasm of us students for various plants. 写作佳句 made/left a deep impression on us/deeply impressed us v.应得，应受到；值得(deserving adj.值得的；应得的) [教材原句P7] We all deserve a second chance，I guess.我想我们都应该再给对方一次机会。 2 deserve [人教版选择性必修第四册 Unit 4] “... I think everyone deserves the right to be happy，” she said. 她说：“……我认为每个人都应有幸福的权利。” [译林版选择性必修第一册 Unit 2] Last night，I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang. It’s a piece that really deserves to be heard. 昨晚，我观看了一场《梁祝》的演出，这是一部由何占豪和陈钢作曲的优美小提琴协奏曲。它确实是一首值得一听的作品。 deserve to do sth应该做某事；值得做某事 deserve doing/to be done 值得被做 (1)I was deeply impressed by the composer who deserved ______________ ______________(praise). (2)There is no doubt that education is the most (deserve) cause we should spare no effort to do. praising/to be praised/praise deserving (3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令大家高兴的是，大卫到达了终点线并获得了第20名。无论他是否赢得第一名，他都值得被认可，因为他拥有勇敢的心和坚定的信念。 To everyone’s joy，David reached the finish line and ranked 20th.Whether he won first place or not，____________________ ________________________ for his brave heart and strong faith. 写作佳句 he deserved recognition/ recognizing/to be recognized 用法点拨　当物作主语时，deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need，want，require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。 n.谈论；言论；意见，评述 v.评论；谈论；说起，谈到(remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的) [教材原句P10] But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. 但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。 3 remark [译林版选择性必修第一册 Unit 2] Symphony No.9 was Beethoven’s last major piece of music in a vast body of works written throughout his remarkable life. 《第九交响曲》是贝多芬在其卓越一生中创作的众多作品中，最后一部重要的音乐作品。 ·make remarks/a remark on/about...对……进行评论 ·remark on/upon...谈论/评论…… 　remark that...评论…… (1)It’s bad manners to make remarks the appearance of others. (2)As long as you work hard，you’ll see a slow but (remark) improvement in your academic performance during the next term. on/about remarkable (3)谈到他的成就，他说失败是成功之母。 When it comes to his achievements，_______________________ ___________________. 写作佳句 he remarks that failure is the mother of success v.断定，推断出；得出结论；(使)结束，终止(conclusion n.结论；推论) [教材原句P13] A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh. 一句妙语结束了一个笑话，目的是让人们笑。 4 conclude [译林版选择性必修第二册 Unit 4] He mentioned a few social problems before concluding that he believed future generations would read his message with “a feeling of proud and justified superiority”. 他提到了一些社会问题，然后得出结论：他相信子孙后代会带着“一种骄傲和合理的优越感”来阅读他的信息。 ·conclude...from...从……中推断出…… 　conclude sth with sth/by doing sth以(做)……结束…… ·arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论 　in conclusion总之；最后 (1)She concluded her speech a funny story，which cheered up all the audience. (2)We can safely draw the (conclude) that more practice is essential to our daily study. with conclusion (3)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)总之，那不仅仅是一堂艺术课；那是我真正珍视的与自然亲密接触的时刻。 ，it was not just an art class; it was a moment of close connection with nature that I truly treasured. 写作佳句 In conclusion (4)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)基于我的经历，我可以得出结论：这项活动让我对植物在维持我们生态系统的平衡中所起的作用有了更深的认识。 I that this activity helped me gain a greater appreciation of the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. (conclude) 写作佳句 concluded from my experience 不能按时完成工作，落后 [教材原句P14] When a bee starts circling around Charlie’s face，he falls behind with his work. 当一只蜜蜂开始在查理的脸周围盘旋时，他的工作就落后了。 5 fall behind fall apart破裂；崩溃 fall over被……绊倒 fall on适逢(某日) fall off跌落；数量减少；质量下降 (1)Don’t overfill the dumplings，or they will fall when you boil them. (2)The Mid-Autumn Festival，as the name suggests，falls the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. apart on (3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)David起初落在了其他运动员后面，甚至在几千米内还绊倒了几次。 and even tripped within a few kilometers. 写作佳句 David initially fell behind the other athletes 6 状语从句的省略 [教材原句P10] For instance，while on a lecture tour of the United States，Twain went into a barber’s shop to get a haircut and a shave. 比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。 [结构分析] 本句是一个主从复合句，while引导时间状语从句。在时间状语从句中，从句主语为Twain，和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词，因此省略了主语和be 动词。 时间、条件、让步、方式、比较等状语从句的省略有两种情况： ·从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句谓语中含有be动词，可省略从 　句中的主语和 be动词； ·当从句中主谓部分为“it＋be动词”时，可将it和 be动词省略。 将加颜色部分改成省略形式 (1)We should keep proper posture when we are working at the computer. →We should keep proper posture . (2)Video games can be a poor influence if they are left in the wrong hands. →Video games can be a poor influence . when working at the computer if left in the wrong hands (3)Whenever it is possible，he will come to my help. → ，he will come to my help. (4)He opened his mouth as if he were to say something. → He opened his mouth . 返 回 Whenever possible as if to say something 基础达标检测 1.The popular tech brand① recently faced a scandal(丑闻) that severely branded② its reputation，making consumers question their trust in the company and its products. ① 　②________________ 2.Visitors remarked① that the exhibition held in the gallery contained nothing that was worthy of remark②. These unfriendly remarks③ damaged the gallery’s reputation. ① 　② 　③_____________ vt.败坏(某人)名声 Ⅰ.品句猜词 n.品牌 v.评论；谈论；说起 n.引人注目；显耀 n.言论；评论 1.It is (极其重要的) that we should have a physical examination on a regular basis. 2.Despite the cruel world，the old man’s (和蔼友善的) behavior comforted the frightened child. 3.The issue is so that even experts in the field struggle to find a solution. 4.The drew inspiration from classic literary works to create moving symphonies. 5.Her helped the team stay positive and focused during the challenging project. Ⅱ.单词拼写 essential gentle complicated composer optimism 1.The humorist’s witty lecture left a deep (impress) on me. 2.The composer created his masterpiece with (enthusiastic). 3.It is true that she has made a mistake，but she hardly deserves _______ (lose) her job. 4.Using (consistent) well-designed advertisements can significantly boost a brand’s recognition. 5.We can easily draw a (conclude) from his story that nothing is impossible if we put our hearts into it. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 impression enthusiasm to lose consistently conclusion 6.Confucius was a (remark) historical figure whose teachings have had a profound influence on Chinese culture and society. remarkable Humour 1. (be) an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. Medieval writings are filled with jokes，which might not be as funny to us now as they were then.But their authors 2.__________ (understand) that humour could not only entertain，but also throw new light 3. sensitive or emotive issues. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 has been understood on Of all the writers in modern times，the 4. (typical) humorists are Mark Twain and Wang Zengqi. The former is an American novelist,5. is famous for his particular style of writing that is funny and often mischievous. The latter，a Chinese writer，is well-known for his unique brand of humour. Wang believed even when 6. (sit) by yourself，you would always laugh out loud by amusing things. Meanwhile，both of them 7._______________(remember) for their witty and humorous 8. (remark) in the everyday interactions with people. most typical who sitting are remembered remarks Humour isn’t just about laughter, 9. is a way of life and a tool that can be used 10. (illuminate) the world. Some people argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing”. 返 回 but to illuminate 作业4 1.The new movie release (计划于……) take place next Friday has drawn massive attention. 2.She her true feelings (把……倾注于……) the letter，hoping he would understand. 3.This essay (使……较容易理解) the underlying causes of climate change and its global impacts. 4.Teachers often traditional methods (把……与……结合起来) technology to enhance student interaction and engagement in the classroom. Ⅰ.短语填空 scheduled to poured into throws light on combine with 5.Every time I smell freshly baked cookies，I (忍不住) feel a sudden craving for sweets. 6.She (给予温和的回应) to his remarks，smiling warmly as she acknowledged his kindness. can’t help but gave a gentle response 1.马克·吐温因其机智和讽刺而被公认为最优秀和最受欢迎的作家之一。(be recognized as；wit；satire) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.马克·吐温不仅是一位冒险家，而且也是一位著名的作家和幽默家。(not only...but also...) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ.主题微写作——应用文写作之人物介绍 Mark Twain is widely recognized as one of the best and most beloved writers due to his wit and satire. Mark Twain is not only an adventurer but also a famous writer and humorist. 3.马克·吐温因其旅行叙事作品而享誉国际，其中包括《汤姆·索亚历险记》(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)和《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)。(doing作定语) Mark Twain acquired international fame for his travel narratives，____________________________________________________________________. including The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 4.前者出版于1876年，后者出版于1884年，两者都受到全世界人民的喜爱。(while表示对比；“代词＋of＋which”引导定语从句) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.在阅读这两部作品时，人们不由自主地被马克·吐温的杰出才华所吸引。(状语从句的省略；cannot help but do...) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 The former was published in 1876，while the latter was published in 1884，both of which are liked by people all over the world. When reading these two works，people cannot help but be attracted by Mark Twain’s outstanding talent. A Leslie Jones is a well-known comedian and actress，best known for her time on “Saturday Night Live”(SNL) and her work in stand-up comedy.Her journey into comedy started unexpectedly. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名喜剧演员Leslie Jones的喜剧经历以及她独特的喜剧风格。 Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读 When she was a college freshman，a friend signed her up for a campus comedy contest.Despite having no previous experience in stand-up，she immediately felt comfortable on stage and won the contest.This experience lit her passion for comedy.However，Leslie Jones faced challenges in pursuing(追求) a professional comedy career. At the age of 19，she received advice from Jamie Foxx，who suggested that she should need more life experiences to draw material from for her comedy.Foxx advised her to go out，live life，work various jobs，and gain a broader range of experiences to enrich her comedy.Jones took Foxx’s advice to heart and took on a series of jobs，including working as a justice of the peace at weddings and even working for a construction company owned by Scientologists.Throughout these experiences，she kept her ultimate goal of becoming a comedian in mind. In her memoir，Leslie Jones，she reflects on her upbringing as a military brat，her journey through the male-dominated(男性占主导地位的) world of comedy clubs，and her eventual breakthrough when she joined the cast of SNL in 2014 at the age of 47. One unique aspect of Leslie Jones’ comedy style is her commitment to physical comedy，even if it sometimes results in injury.She’s willing to take risks and use her physicality to get laughs from her audience.She’s known for her energetic and bold performances，which often involve physical performance or exaggerated movements. In summary，Leslie Jones’ comedy career began unexpectedly in college，and despite facing initial challenges，she pursued a variety of life experiences to enrich her comedy.Her devotion to physical comedy and her unique approach have contributed to her success in the entertainment industry. 1.What do we know about Leslie Jones? A.She is afraid of standing on stage. B.She is famous for performing comedy. C.She has challenges in contacting people. D.She starts her comedy career on schedule. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Leslie Jones is a well-known comedian and actress，best known for her time on ‘Saturday Night Live’(SNL) and her work in stand-up comedy.”可知，Leslie Jones以表演喜剧而闻名。故选B。 解析 2.Why did Leslie Jones do all kinds of work? A.To make her comedy colorful. B.To give some advice to Foxx. C.To remember her ultimate goal. D.To keep her friendship with Foxx. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At the age of 19，she received advice from Jamie Foxx...Foxx advised her to go out，live life，work various jobs，and gain a broader range of experiences to enrich her comedy.”可知，Leslie Jones去从事各种各样的工作是为了积累生活经历，让她的喜剧更加丰富多彩。故选A。 解析 3.What made Leslie Jones successful in comedy? A.Her spirit of taking risks. B.Her exaggerated eye contact. C.Her unique physical performance. D.Her desire for gaining experiences. √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Her devotion to physical comedy and her unique approach have contributed to her success in the entertainment industry.”可知，Leslie Jones独特的身体表演使她在喜剧领域获得成功。故选C。 解析 4.Which of the following best describes Leslie Jones? A.Responsible. B.Easy-going. C.Self-confident. D.Hard-working. √ 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句、第五段前两句和最后一段中的“In summary，Leslie Jones’ comedy career began unexpectedly in college，and despite facing initial challenges，she pursued a variety of life experiences to enrich her comedy.”可知，Leslie Jones并非科班出身的喜剧演员，虽然她最初面临挑战，但她通过不同的生活经历丰富自己的喜剧，最终获得成功。由此推知，她是一个非常努力、刻苦的人。故选D。 解析 B(此篇精读) Jokes and humour are often thought of as unimportant things.If the lawyer defending you in court couldn’t stop joking，you’d be understandably alarmed. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在听到笑话并理解其中的幽默感时大脑的工作机制。 However，regarding humour as insignificant is a mistake.Humour，jokes and laughter，have a vital role to play in human behaviour and interaction.They are a powerful part of social bonding and are genuinely beneficial for health via their stress-relieving properties. A substantial amount of data has been generated regarding how humour works in the brain and on the various types of recognizable jokes that trigger(引发) it. Verbal puns(双关语)，the most familiar type of joke，involve words that convey two meanings at once.For example，“Why did the golfer wear two pairs of trousers? In case he got a hole in one.” Here “hole in one” has two possible interpretations.Their simplicity and familiarity mean most people recognize the humour in puns.So，the brain’s humour processes are still engaged. But where does humour arise from in the brain? Considerable research points towards a specific system in the brain for recognizing humour.This system seemingly detects and resolves incongruity(不协调).Our brains know how things，like language and behaviours，should work.But，in the real world，many things don’t match our expectations.It seems our brains have evolved a system to recognize when this happens. If normality is subverted，it means we don’t know what’s going to happen，which creates cognitive(认知的) tension.However，the system that recognizes incongruity seemingly also resolves it，by providing an explanation，or at least a confirmation that the incongruity has no negative consequences.This removes the uncertainty，relieving the tension.So，we experience a rewarding feeling.If the incongruity is not resolved，however，humour is absent.If the answer to “Why did the golfer wear two pairs of trousers？” is “in case the metal owl that lives in his gold bag attacks him”，that’s not funny.There’s unresolved incongruity. Humour is essentially our brain going “This isn’t how things usually work，but I’m okay with it！” 5.What does the author say about humour in the first two paragraphs? A.Its positive role is often underrated. B.It mainly serves to entertain and amuse. C.Its harmful effects shouldn’t be ignored. D.It is necessary for professional communication. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jokes and humour are often thought of as unimportant things.”和第二段中的“However，regarding humour as insignificant is a mistake.”并结合之后提到幽默对个人健康、社会关系等的重要意义可知，幽默的积极作用和影响经常被低估。故选A。 解析 6.Why does the author mention the “hole in one” example in paragraph 4? A.To prove a theory. B.To draw a conclusion. C.To illustrate a concept. D.To make a comparison. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Verbal puns(双关语)，the most familiar type of joke，involve words that convey two meanings at once.For example...Here ‘hole in one’ has two possible interpretations.”可知，举例是为了进一步解释双关语这一概念。故选C。 解析 7.What does the underlined word “subverted” in paragraph 6 probably mean? A.Detected. B.Overturned. C.Established. D.Repeated. √ 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“Our brains know how things，like language and behaviours，should work.But，in the real world，many things don’t match our expectations.”以及画线词后“it means we don’t know what’s going to happen”可知，大脑知道事情应该如何发展，而一旦常态被……，大脑就不再知道会发生什么，可推知此处normality is subverted指的是“常态被颠覆或者推翻”。故画线词意思是“推翻”。故选B。 解析 8.What is the best title for the text? A.How Jokes Affect Brain Structures B.Using Humour to Boost Brain Power C.Jokes and the Brain’s Reward System D.Unlocking Brain Secrets Behind Humour √ 标题归纳题。根据第三、五、六段可知，本文旨在介绍在人们听到幽默的话语或者笑话时，大脑是如何进行信息加工和处理以便人们能够领悟幽默感的。D选项“解开幽默背后的大脑秘密”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 解析 1.understandably(派)＝understand ＋ abl(e) ＋ y adv.可理解地 2.insignificant(派)＝in＋significant adj.不重要的 3.substantial adj.大量的；多的 4.generate v.产生，创造 5.considerable adj.相当多的 6.evolve v.进化；逐渐形成 7.normality(派)＝normal＋ity n.常态 8.rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的 词汇积累 If normality is subverted，it means we don’t know what’s going to happen，which creates cognitive tension. 分析：此句是复合句。if引导条件状语从句；主句中means后为省略关系词that的宾语从句，在该从句中，what引导宾语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰we don’t know what’s going to happen，关系代词在从句中作主语。 翻译：如果常态被颠覆，就意味着我们不知道会发生什么，这将造成认知紧张。 句式分析 (2025·浙江杭州高二上期中) Having a good sense of humor makes you more enjoyable to be around. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养幽默感。 Ⅳ.七选五阅读 A.Be creative，not silly. B.Pause in between sentences. C.You might also do better at work. D.Know when to pull the plug on yourself. E.You can also try your hand in the real world. F.A lot of times，we say things purely to please others. G.Similarly，you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor. √ 1 Here’s how you can develop your sense of humor. 根据上文“Having a good sense of humor makes you more enjoyable to be around.”可知，上文介绍有幽默感的好处。根据下文“Here’s how you can develop your sense of humor.”可知，下文介绍如何培养幽默感。故空格处应承接上文，继续补充有幽默感的好处。C项说明这有利于工作，符合语境。故选C。 解析 •Surround yourself with humor. You learn more effectively when you fully expose yourself to a subject. 2 Watch stand-up comedy.Listen to programs that amuse you.Read humorous books.There’s a lot of fun out there. A.Be creative，not silly. B.Pause in between sentences. C.You might also do better at work. D.Know when to pull the plug on yourself. E.You can also try your hand in the real world. F.A lot of times，we say things purely to please others. G.Similarly，you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor. √ 本段小标题建议让幽默包围你，上文“You learn more effectively when you fully expose yourself to a subject.”提到充分接触某一科目有助于学习，下文介绍如何用这一方法培养幽默感。G项“同样地，你也可以通过用幽默包围自己来提高你的幽默感”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 解析 •Learn what amuses you. 3 We amuse our friends by praising a change they made.However，when it comes to being funny，don’t change your sense of humor to amuse other people.Instead，start with what amuses you.Then，if you think the other person will also be amused with it，share it with them. A.Be creative，not silly. B.Pause in between sentences. C.You might also do better at work. D.Know when to pull the plug on yourself. E.You can also try your hand in the real world. F.A lot of times，we say things purely to please others. G.Similarly，you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor. √ 根据下文“We amuse our friends by praising a change they made.However，when it comes to being funny，don’t change your sense of humor to amuse other people.”可知，我们常通过赞扬朋友所做的改变来取悦他们，但我们不应该为了取悦他人而改变自己的幽默感。由此推知，空格处应围绕“取悦他人”展开，F项“很多时候，我们说的话纯粹是为了取悦别人”符合语境。故选F。 解析 •Think about timing and audience. You don’t have to be funny all the time，so don’t expect that of yourself.When you catch yourself trying to be funny，slow down.Simply speak slower so you’re not as likely to stop and repeat yourself.Try speaking at 60%－70% of your usual rate. 4 A.Be creative，not silly. B.Pause in between sentences. C.You might also do better at work. D.Know when to pull the plug on yourself. E.You can also try your hand in the real world. F.A lot of times，we say things purely to please others. G.Similarly，you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor. √ 根据上文“When you catch yourself trying to be funny，slow down.Simply speak slower so you’re not as likely to stop and repeat yourself.Try speaking at 60%－70% of your usual rate.”可知，这里讲当你发现自己试图搞笑时，说话速度要慢下来。B项“在句子之间停顿”是让说话速度慢下来的一种做法。故选B。 解析 • 5 A.Be creative，not silly. B.Pause in between sentences. C.You might also do better at work. D.Know when to pull the plug on yourself. E.You can also try your hand in the real world. F.A lot of times，we say things purely to please others. G.Similarly，you can improve your sense of humor by surrounding yourself with humor. √ 空格处是本段小标题。从前面几个小标题的句式结构可知，此处应填入祈使句。根据下文“You don’t need to seize every single opportunity to be funny.If you’re in the middle of a bad joke，just end it.”可知，本段主要建议人们要学会适可而止，D项“知道何时应制止你自己”最能概括本段主旨。故选D。 解析 You don’t need to seize every single opportunity to be funny.If you’re in the middle of a bad joke，just end it.“You know what，now that I’m telling it，it’s not as funny as it sounded in my head” can be a bit of an awkward end and hurt your pride a little bit，but it saves everyone time and patience.In the long run，they’ll respect your taste. Zu Chongzhi was a famous and remarkable mathematician and scientist in ancient China.He lived in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. 语篇解读　这是一篇人物介绍。文章主要介绍了祖冲之在数学领域的贡献。 Ⅴ.语法填空 When he was young，he had 1. broad range of interests，such as 2.________(nature) science and philosophy.And he was interested in mathematics，astronomy and machinery. a 1.考查冠词。a range of表示“各种各样的……”，符合句意，故填a。 2.考查形容词。根据science可知，此处要用形容词作定语。故填natural。 解析 natural The achievement Zu Chongzhi made in the calculation(计算) of the value of pi has been 3. (international) acknowledged. internationally 考查副词。设空处修饰has been acknowledged，应用副词作状语，故填internationally。 解析 Liu Hui，a mathematician in the Wei and Jin Dynasties，proposed a way 4. (work) out the value of pi—the cyclotomic method(割圆术). 考查动词不定式。way意为“方法”时后用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to work。 解析 to work Based on the earlier research，Zu Chongzhi came to the conclusion that the value of pi falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927 after more than 1,000 5. (time) of calculation. 考查名词复数。此处的time意为“次”，是可数名词，由“more than 1,000”可知应用复数形式。故填times。 解析 times He also 6. (come) up with the viewpoint that the approximate value of pi is 355/113，which is called “milü”.It boosted the calculation of pi to a new phase.It was more than 1,000 years before the Western mathematicians calculated the same value. came 考查动词时态。这里描述的是过去发生的动作，所以要用一般过去时。故填came。 解析 Thus the value of pi is also called “zulü” 7. memory of him. 考查介词。in memory of意为“为纪念……”。故填in。 解析 in Besides the achievement in mathematics，he wrote the book Zhui Shu,8. gathered his accomplishments in mathematics and 9.__________(take) as a teaching material during the Tang Dynasty. which was taken 8.考查定语从句。逗号前主谓宾结构完整，空后是动词gathered，且由语境可知动词gathered的主语即空前的名词Zhui Shu，所以设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故填which。 9.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，在which引导的定语从句中，and连接两个并列的谓语(即设空处与前面的gathered)，关系词which指代先行词Zhui Shu在从句中作主语，和动词take之间是被动关系，结合during the Tang Dynasty可知句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was taken。 解析 And he also made a great 10. (contribute) to astronomy and machinery. contribution 考查名词。make a great contribution to意为“对……做出巨大贡献”，故填contribution。 解析 返 回 本课结束 $