Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 主题类文拓展阅读（配套课件PPT）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版·新教材）

该高中英语课件围绕“麦克里岛从生态破坏到保护恢复”主题，以记叙文形式呈现岛屿自然景观、原生生物及人类活动引发的生态失衡，通过“引入-问题-措施-结果”的语篇结构流程，结合词汇积累和句式分析搭建学习支架，帮助学生梳理前后知识脉络。 其亮点在于以真实生态案例为载体，融合语言能力（如“conservation”“erosion”等词汇及复合句结构解析）、思维品质（通过练习题推断因果关系、概括主旨）和文化意识（培养环保责任感与人类命运共同体意识）。采用“案例分析+技能训练”教学方法，学生能提升语篇理解和逻辑分析能力，教师可直接利用结构化资料高效开展主题教学。

主题类文拓展阅读 Journey across a vast land Unit 4 (选自外研版选择性必修第二册 Unit 5) MACQUARIE ISLAND：from Chaos to Conservation I am standing on Macquarie Island，in the South-west Pacific Ocean，halfway between Australia and Antarctica.Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long，thin shape.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically，giving it a wild and natural beauty.No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants，including royal penguins，king penguins，and elephant seals，existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. But the island’s more recent history tells a different story.It’s a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island.In their ships they unknowingly brought rats and mice.These small animals quickly took over the island，eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds.Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice.Unfortunately，the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds，too. Meanwhile，rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans.Loose on the island，they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes，which caused soil erosion. The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats，meaning that the number of cats also increased.This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds.The end result was that parakeets，once large in number and native to the island，died out in 1891. Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s，the rabbits remained out of control.Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island.With this goal in mind，a virus was released onto the island.But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000， it also meant less food for the cats.The cats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds，killing up to 60,000 each year.In the 1980s，traps and dogs were used to catch the cats.The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000. But as the saying goes，“While the cat’s away，the mice will play.” With the departure of the cats from the island，the mouse and rat population started to increase.And remember those 10,000 or so rabbits? It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus，and their numbers exploded once again. Then，in 2006，the rabbits’ digging caused some land to collapse，and killed a substantial number of penguins.This incident made it clear that the rat，mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all. So，I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters.The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species，and that’s where I come in—with my dogs.They have been trained to find every last one，without harming the native animals.This intervention is a long，much-delayed ending to a sad story，but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending. Postscript：In 2014，Macquarie Island was declared pest-free and the island’s ecology is finally on the road to recovery. 1.Which are not the native inhabitants on Macquarie Island? A.Mice. B.Elephant seals. C.King penguins. D.Royal penguins. √ 2.What was the cause of soil erosion on the island? A.Overpopulation of rabbits. B.The extinction of parakeets. C.The increasing number of cats. D.More rats and mice than necessary. √ 3.Why were the dogs introduced to the island? A.To kill the mice. B.To catch the rabbits. C.To diversify the species. D.To decrease the number of cats. √ 4.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.The author is unsure about the result. B.Poison can harm the native animals. C.The intervention is long but worthwhile. D.Those trained dogs may cause other bad effects. √ 5.What’s the main idea of the text? A.Macquarie Island’s tragic story. B.What people’s intervention on the island was. C.How Macquarie Island was saved from destruction. D.Strong winds and stormy seas around the Macquarie Island. √ 6.Where may be the text taken from? A.A novel. B.A guidebook. C.A travel brochure. D.A journal of environmental protection. √ 本文是一篇记叙文，作者根据自己的工作体验讲述了麦克里岛的生态系统从遭遇严重破坏到逐步恢复的过程，文章旨在提高读者保护生态系统的意识。 语篇结构 introduction brought introduced remove departure invading 1.chaos n.混乱；紊乱 2.conservation n.对(环境、文物等)保护；保持 3.sculpt vt.使具有某种形状；雕刻，雕塑 4.inhabitant n.(某地的)栖息动物 5.unknowingly adv.不知不觉地，无意中 6.rat n.老鼠 7.subsequently adv.后来，随后 8.erosion n.侵蚀 9.postscript n.附言 10.pest n.有害小动物；害虫 词汇积累 1.Loose on the island，they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes，which caused soil erosion. [结构分析] 此句为 句。Loose on the island是形容词短语作状语；what引导 从句；破折号后解释的是what rabbits do best的内容；which引导 从句，修饰整个 。 [汉语翻译]_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 句式分析 复合 宾语 非限制性定语 由于在岛上放任其生存，兔子做了自己最擅长的事——它们飞快地繁殖，开始吃当地植被并挖洞，这造成了土壤侵蚀。 主句 2.This incident made it clear that the rat，mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all. [结构分析] 此句为 句。it作 ，that引导 从句；once and for all意思是“ ”。 [汉语翻译]_____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 复合 形式宾语 这一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛滥的问题需要彻底解决。 宾语 最终地，彻底地 本课结束 $