Unit 3 Food and Culture 单元知识滚动练（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版·新教材）

本讲义聚焦高中英语Unit 2和Unit 3单元知识滚动复习，以词汇拼写、语法填空为基础支架，衔接完成句子与主题语篇阅读，构建从基础语言要素到综合语用能力的递进式学习脉络。 该资料通过科普主题语篇（如辣椒素、人工甜味剂）培养学生语言理解与信息筛选能力，七选五阅读强化逻辑分析，体现语言能力与思维品质的融合。题型设计兼顾基础巩固与能力提升，课中辅助教师检测学情，课后助力学生查漏补缺，落实学习能力培养。

作业5　单元知识滚动练 [分值：85.5分] Unit 2复习强化 Ⅰ.单词拼写(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分) 1．Pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions have completely engaged my attention. 2．Being bold and adventurous，I am willing to participate in such risk-taking activities. 3．The kind madam offered me some good tips，motivating me to take on challenges bravely. 4．I am writing to sincerely invite you to attend the presentation by a distinguished chef on different categories of cuisine and recipes. 5.Prior to taking the important exam，he comforted(安慰) and encouraged me with inspiring words. 6．After cooperating(合作) with the modest and competent scientist，we have made a great achievement. 7．It is Jane’s grasping(抓住) the precious opportunity that makes her promoted to manager of the canteen. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共8小题；每小题1.5分，满分12分) 1．Only by mastering the requirements of the job can you strengthen(strong) your overall competence. 2．While he got a minimum score in the listening examination in his class，he was still optimistic about his studies. 3．The elegant professor has qualifications(qualify) to teach physics at a university. 4．After the disappointing failure，he felt somewhat depressed(depress) about the future. 5．He desired to live a stable and ideal life in familiar surroundings(surround)． 6．What made me lose my temper was that my son behaved badly at dinner. 7．There is clear evidence that junk food does harm to our health. 8.Ingredients used in the cafeteria were of poor quality，which was beyond their expectations(expect)． Unit 3巩固落实 Ⅲ.单句语法填空(共8小题；每小题1.5分，满分12分) 1．Quantities of money are spent(spend) on the living expenses and school tuition fees every year. 2．After his departure，I took the place of him as president of the School Basketball Association(associate)． 3．More logical solutions had been adopted(adopt) by the end of last month，so more achievements would be made. 4．My son had fastened(fasten) the safety belt before I reminded him to do so. 5．The advisor shared some tricks to/of business negotiation. 6．Regardless of the consequences，I will team up with them to handle the overwhelming problem from a different angle. 7．The eventual outcome is entirely consistent with our earlier guesses. 8．The man referred(refer) to just now always does me a favor to step out of the comfort zone. Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．不可否认，是老师的鼓励和帮助让我进步。 There is no denying that it was my teacher’s encouragement and assistance that contributed to my progress. 2．这筐苹果的重量是那些香蕉的两倍。 The weight of this basket of apples is twice that of those bananas. 3．在我走进房间后，我女儿拍起了手，既激动又兴奋。 When I walked into the room，my daughter clapped her hands，excited and thrilled. 4．我的确希望我们可以面对面地彼此交流。 I do hope that we can communicate with each other face to face. 5．尽管我怒火中烧，我仍然耐心地向他解释整件事。 While I was red with anger，I still patiently explained the whole thing to him. Ⅴ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2025·重庆高二上期末) We all know at least one person who loves their food insanely hot.They insist that their hot wings “aren’t spicy enough unless I’m dripping with sweat.” From Latin America to Sichuan Province，chili peppers and their famous burning taste have become a worldwide sensation.But how could something that burns so hot possibly be any good for people? In a study by researchers at Marshall University in the US，scientists made the first complete description of capsaicin(辣椒素)—a chemical found in spicy chilis—and its anti-cancer properties.Although capsaicin is not normally a good medicine due to some negative properties such as its spicy flavor，the study found that there are ways to bring out its anti-cancer benefits while overcoming these negatives. In nature，capsaicin evolved as a defense mechanism(机制) in plants to drive away unwanted animals while attracting those that could spread the seeds，such as birds which cannot taste or feel the spice.From a scientific point of view，capsaicin works by triggering(触发) a pain receptor called TRPV1，causing the body to react as if it had actually touched something hot and dangerous.Yet，this natural repellent(驱虫剂) for most animals has instead become a favorite food for many people，often called “chiliheads”． So，what is it that attracts humans to capsaicin，chili peppers and spicy food in general？Besides its many health benefits—such as pain relief，weight loss，and body heat regulation—people love eating chili peppers precisely because it hits the pain receptors in just the right way. As an article published by Scientific American noted：“People seem to enjoy—and actively seek out—many other sensations...the sensation of falling provided by roller coasters or skydiving，the feelings of fear and anxiety while watching horror movies，the physical pain experienced upon jumping into icy water，or even the feelings of sadness that come while watching a tearjerker.” So，the next time you bite into a hot chili pepper，remember：it’s not just healthy，but fun too! 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了辣椒为什么对人体有好处，以及人们为什么喜欢辣椒。 1．What does the underlined word “property” mean in paragraph 2? A．Tissue. B．Goal. C．Possession. D．Quality. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词后“Although capsaicin is not normally a good medicine due to some negative properties such as its spicy flavor...”可知，虽然辣椒素有一些负面的特性，比如辛辣的味道，但研究发现，有一些方法可以在克服这些负面影响的同时发挥其抗癌作用。由此推知，此处指辣椒素的抗癌特性，故画线词property意为“特性，性质”，和quality意思相近，故选D。 2．What can we learn from the result of the study by researchers at Marshall University? A．The study describes capsaicin for the first time. B．Capsaicin contributes to the prevention of cancer. C．There is a chemical called capsaicin in spicy chilis. D．The negative features of capsaicin cannot be overcome. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“In a study by researchers at Marshall University in the US，scientists made the first complete description of capsaicin(辣椒素)—a chemical found in spicy chilis—and its anti-cancer properties.”可知，辣椒素是可以抗癌的。故选B。 3．How does capsaicin benefit plants? A．It prevents birds from eating plants. B．It causes more seeds to be produced. C．It attracts some animals to distribute seeds. D．It helps plants survive in hot or dangerous situations. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“In nature，capsaicin evolved as a defense mechanism(机制) in plants to drive away unwanted animals while attracting those that could spread the seeds，such as birds which cannot taste or feel the spice.”可知，它吸引一些动物来传播种子从而使植物受益。故选C。 4．How does the author prove spicy food is fun? A．By giving an example. B．By making a comparison. C．By analyzing causes. D．By conducting research. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“many other sensations...the sensation of falling provided by roller coasters or skydiving，the feelings of fear and anxiety while watching horror movies，the physical pain experienced upon jumping into icy water，or even the feelings of sadness that come while watching a tearjerker”可知，作者通过比较来证明辣的食物是有趣的。故选B。 B (2025·湖北十堰高二上期末) A few months ago，I was in a cinema queue behind a man whose two sons were asking if they could have Tango Ice Blasts bright blue partly frozen drinks.The father hesitated for a moment.They’d already had too much sugary stuff that day，he said.“But it’s sugar-free，” replied one of the boys.That sealed the deal.The boys walked off happily into the cinema holding their drinks. In an era when sugar is widely seen as enemy No.1，sugar-free drinks and treats，sweetened with low-calorie additives(添加剂)，become well-liked and promise guilt-free sweetness.Some people deliberately choose low-sugar options in the hope of losing weight or managing diabetes；others just enjoy the taste. But even if you aren’t seeking them out，it’s hard to avoid artificial sweeteners.In 2021，researchers looked at foods for sale in Hong Kong and found that sweeteners were present not just in products where you would expect them，such as sugarless chewing gum，but also in salad dressings，breads，instant noodles and many crisps. They have become such a common part of our diet that environmental scientists have started looking for traces of them—particularly acesulfame potassium(乙酰磺胺酸钾)，which passes through the body largely undigested—as a marker for human waste in lakes and rivers. The rise of sweeteners is，in part，a sign of the spectacular success of sugar taxes，which have been introduced in more than 40 countries since 2010.In the UK，the soft drinks industry tax was announced in 2016 and fully carried out in 2018，as part of a plan to “tackle childhood obesity”．The tax charged manufacturers 24p a litre for any drink with 8g or more of added sugar per 100ml.Almost all the major soft drinks brands in the UK cut the sugar content of their products and replaced the missing sweetness with some kind of artificial alternative.Only few brands keep their recipes the same.Once they became more expensive，compared to the sugar-free alternatives，their sales fell. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章从无糖饮料的流行入手，讲述了甜味剂被广泛使用的现象和原因。 5．What made sugar-free drinks and treats popular? A．The public’s pursuit of health. B．The taste of low-calorie additives. C．People’s promise to manage diabetes. D．Parents’ expectation of guilt-free sweetness. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段首句以及“Some people deliberately choose low-sugar options in the hope of losing weight or managing diabetes”可知，无糖饮料和零食变得流行是因为人们追求健康，故选A。 6．Why is it hard to avoid artificial sweeteners? A．Because they are present in every food product. B．Because they can be found in the environment. C．Because they are widely used in our diet. D．Because they are part of a plan to deal with obesity. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2021，researchers looked at foods for sale in Hong Kong and found that sweeteners were present not just in products where you would expect them，such as sugarless chewing gum，but also in salad dressings，breads，instant noodles and many crisps.”以及第四段中的“They have become such a common part of our diet”可知，很难避免人造甜味剂是因为它们在我们的饮食中被广泛使用。故选C。 7．What did drink manufacturers in the UK do with the sugar tax? A．Major soft drinks brands reduced their products’ sugar content. B．Few soft drinks brands refused to change their recipes. C．Nearly all big soft drinks brands turned to artificial sweeteners. D．Drink companies lowered the price to raise their sales. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Almost all the major soft drinks brands in the UK cut the sugar content of their products and replaced the missing sweetness with some kind of artificial alternative.”可知，几乎所有的大型软饮料品牌都转而使用人工甜味剂。故选C。 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Sugar，Enemy No.1 B．The Rise of Artificial Sweeteners C．The Secret to Health: Low-calorie Additives D．Scientific Facts Behind Health 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。文章从无糖饮料的流行入手，讲述了甜味剂被广泛使用的现象和原因，由此可知，B选项“人工甜味剂的兴起”最适合作文章标题。故选B。 Ⅵ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) A food additive is any substance that is added to food.Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food”． 1 Natural substances like milk，as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market，can be described by chemical formulas. The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances.Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. 2 And some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food.Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike：vitamin C is vitamin C，whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange.Like “chemical”，“man-made” doesn’t necessarily mean “not fit to eat”． 3 We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better.Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize，thicken，harden，keep wet，keep firm，or improve the appearance of their products.Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious，and give it a longer shelf life. 4 Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument.Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe. 5 Many people feel there’s a risk of eating food to which anything has been added.But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government，and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market.For most people，the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very slim. A．Food additives are used for many reasons. B．The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. C．It pays to avoid food additives and eat only wholefoods. D．Of course，they make it more attractive to the consumer. E．But many natural chemicals，found in plants and animals，are harmful when eaten. F．Some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. G．Food additives are substances that become part of a food product when they are added during the processing or making of that food. 语篇解读　本文是议论文。文章介绍了食品添加剂的种类和作用、人们对食品添加剂的担忧以及政府为保证食品添加剂的安全所做的努力。 1．答案　B 解析　根据前文“Many people are put off by the idea of ‘chemicals in food’．”以及后文“Natural substances like milk，as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market，can be described by chemical formulas.”可知，空处应是过渡句，指出所有食物都含有化学物质，B项“The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals.”符合文意。故选B。 2．答案　E 解析　前文“Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided.”提到一些人认为只有天然食品才是健康的，后文“And some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food.”提到人造的食品其实也有好处，由此可知，空处与上文为转折关系，E项“But many natural chemicals，found in plants and animals，are harmful when eaten.”指出植物和动物中的许多天然化学物质食用后是有害的，符合文意。故选E。 3．答案　A 解析　设空处位于段首，是本段的中心句。根据后文“We add sugar and salt...Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize，thicken，harden，keep wet，keep firm，or improve the appearance of their products.”可知，本段主要讲述了食品添加剂的使用有很多原因，所以A项“Food additives are used for many reasons.”符合文意。故选A。 4．答案　D 解析　根据前文“Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious，and give it a longer shelf life.”可知，食品添加剂给食物带来很多好处，D项“Of course，they make it more attractive to the consumer.”承接前文，继续讲食品添加剂带来的好处，符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D。 5．答案　F 解析　根据后文“Many people feel there’s a risk of eating food to which anything has been added.”可知，许多人认为食用添加了任何添加剂的食品都有风险，F项“Some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market.”符合语境。选项中的have been proved unsafe对应上文中的have not been proved safe，进一步指出了食品添加剂的风险。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $