专题02 Unit 2 Lessons in life-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语外研版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了12个高考高频词汇，通过语境串记语篇构建“词根拆解-词性变化-考点应用”的知识网络，以任务驱动引导学生自主梳理词义、搭配及真题用法，形成系统化词汇认知框架。 亮点在于多维度自主学习设计，如语法填空结合真题改编，知识点默写强化语篇应用，培养语言能力。语境串联复盘通过记忆链复述模板，帮助学生自主诊断薄弱点，提升学习能力。教师可依学情精准指导，实现因材施教，助力高效备考。

乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：weaken / pessimistic / anticipate / abnormal / possession / widespread / cooperate / fee / transparent / pure / despair / phrase （知识点来源：选修四 Unit 2 · Lessons in life + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 10 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 A long illness can weaken the strongest body, and some days the patient felt pessimistic about the road ahead. He could not anticipate how the year would end, and the abnormal silence of the empty ward was hard to bear. His few possessions fit into one small bag, yet the kindness of strangers spread widespread warmth through the hospital. Doctors and nurses learned to cooperate as one team, and no fee could buy the care they gave. What mattered was transparent honesty: the doctor told him the truth with pure goodwill. Whenever despair knocked at his heart, his mother's simple phrase — "one day at a time" — brought him back. 【中文译文】 一场漫长的疾病会weaken（削弱）最强壮的身体，有些日子病人对前路感到pessimistic（悲观的）。他无法anticipate（预料）这一年将如何结束，空荡病房里abnormal（反常的）寂静令人难以忍受。 他为数不多的possessions（财物）装进一个小包，但陌生人的善意在医院里传播widespread（广泛的）温暖。医生和护士学会cooperate（合作）成一个团队，任何fee（费用）都买不来他们给予的关怀。 重要的是transparent（透明的）坦诚：医生带着pure（纯粹的）善意告诉他真相。每当despair（绝望）叩击他的心，母亲那句简单的phrase（话语）——“一天一天来”——就把他拉回来。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 weaken /ˈwiːkən/ v. 削弱，使变弱 ⚡考点：weaken one's confidence 削弱信心；weaken the body 使身体变弱；weak adj. 虚弱的 2 pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的 ⚡考点：be pessimistic about 对…悲观；pessimism n. 悲观；optimistic 反义 3 anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v. 预期，预料 ⚡考点：anticipate doing 预期做；anticipate that… 预料…；anticipation n. 预期 4 abnormal /æbˈnɔːml/ adj. 反常的，异常的 ⚡考点：abnormal behaviour 反常行为；abnormally adv. 反常地；normal 反义 5 possession /pəˈzeʃn/ n. 拥有，财产 ⚡考点：in possession of 拥有；take possession of 占有；possess v. 拥有 6 widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛的，普遍的 ⚡考点：widespread concern 广泛关注；spread widely 广泛传播；widespread use 广泛使用 7 cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作，配合 ⚡考点：cooperate with 与…合作；cooperate to do 合作做；cooperation n. 合作 8 fee /fiː/ n. 费用，收费 ⚡考点：a registration fee 注册费；school fees 学费；pay a fee 付费；fee-free 免费的 9 transparent /trænsˈpærənt/ adj. 透明的；坦诚的 ⚡考点：transparent honesty 坦诚；a transparent lie 明显的谎言；transparency n. 透明 10 pure /pjʊə(r)/ adj. 纯粹的；纯净的 ⚡考点：pure goodwill 纯粹善意；pure joy 纯粹的快乐；purely adv. 纯粹地 11 despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望；v. 绝望 ⚡考点：in despair 绝望地；drive sb. to despair 使绝望；despair of 对…绝望 12 phrase /freɪz/ n. 短语，话语 ⚡考点：a set phrase 固定短语；in simple phrases 用简单的话语；phrase book 短语手册 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. weaken /ˈwiːkən/ v. 削弱，使变弱 【核心考点】 weaken是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①削弱，使变弱——weaken one's confidence（削弱信心）、weaken the body（使身体变弱）、weaken the economy（削弱经济）；②（引申）动摇，减弱——Nothing can weaken our friendship（什么都不能削弱我们的友谊）。派生词：weak adj. 虚弱的；weakness n. 弱点；weakly adv. 虚弱地。辨析：weaken（使变弱）vs reduce（减少）vs decline（下降，不及物）vs undermine（暗中削弱）。写作金句：What weakens us is not failure itself, but the fear that keeps us from trying again（削弱我们的不是失败本身，而是让我们不敢再试的恐惧）。 【词根联想】 weak"弱"+ -en"使…"→ 使变弱。联想：-en动词后缀→ weaken（削弱）、strengthen（加强）、lengthen（加长）、widen（加宽）。记住：weak + en = 使之变弱。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：weaken是形容词weak的动词化形式，其反义动词strengthen（加强）为高考高频；阅读中常以"the illness weakened his body"表身体衰弱（2022天津卷原句用法）。 【真题原句】 （2022天津卷·阅读真题）"What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering, which had weakened my self-confidence."（导致我自卑的还有我偶尔的口吃，它削弱了我的自信。）（真题原句·weaken 削弱） 【搭配词块】 weaken one's confidence 削弱信心 / weaken the body 使身体变弱 / weak adj. 虚弱的 / weakness n. 弱点 2. pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的 【核心考点】 pessimistic是议论文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①悲观的——be pessimistic about（对…悲观）、a pessimistic view（悲观的看法）、a pessimistic mood（悲观情绪）；②反义：optimistic（乐观的）。派生词：pessimism n. 悲观主义；pessimist n. 悲观者；pessimistically adv. 悲观地。辨析：pessimistic（悲观的，态度）vs negative（消极的）vs gloomy（阴郁的）vs doubtful（怀疑的）。写作金句：A pessimistic mind sees a wall in every road; an optimistic one sees a road in every wall（悲观者在每条路上看见墙，乐观者在每堵墙上看见路）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语pessimus"最坏的"（malus"坏"的最高级）→ 认为最坏→ 悲观。联想：pess"最坏"→ pessimistic（悲观的）、pessimism（悲观主义）。记住：pessimistic = 总往最坏处想。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：pessimistic后接介词about，be pessimistic about the future（对未来悲观）为高频搭配；其反义词optimistic（乐观的）常在同一语篇中对举，构成态度题考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Some days the patient felt pessimistic about the road ahead, yet hope returned with the morning light."（有些日子病人对前路感到悲观，然而希望随晨光归来。）（经典原句·pessimistic 悲观的） 【搭配词块】 be pessimistic about 对…悲观 / a pessimistic view 悲观看法 / pessimism n. 悲观主义 / optimistic adj. 乐观的 3. anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v. 预期，预料 【核心考点】 anticipate是说明文与议论文语篇的高频动词（较正式）。用法要点：①预期，预料——anticipate that…（预料…）、anticipate doing sth.（预期做某事）、as anticipated（正如所料）；②期待——anticipate the arrival（期待到来）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：anticipation n. 预期→ in anticipation of（期待着，预料到）；anticipated adj. 预期的。辨析：anticipate（预料，含事先准备）vs expect（期望，最通用）vs predict（预测，基于证据）vs foresee（预见）。写作金句：We cannot anticipate every storm, but we can learn to sail in the rain（我们无法预料每一场风暴，但可以学会在雨中航行）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语anticipare"提前拿取"（ante-"在前"+capere"取"）→ 提前想到→ 预期。联想：ante"前"+cip"取"→ anticipate（预期）、participate（参与）。记住：ante + cip = 提前拿到。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：anticipate后接动名词（anticipate doing）而非不定式，in anticipation of（预料到）为写作高频短语，如in anticipation of the exam（预料到考试）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He could not anticipate how the year would end, so he learned to live in the present hour."（他无法预料这一年将如何结束，于是学会活在当下。）（经典原句·anticipate 预料） 【搭配词块】 anticipate that… 预料… / anticipate doing 预期做 / in anticipation of 预料到 / as anticipated 正如所料 4. abnormal /æbˈnɔːml/ adj. 反常的，异常的 【核心考点】 abnormal是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①反常的，异常的——abnormal behaviour（反常行为）、abnormal silence（异常寂静）、an abnormal reaction（异常反应）；②反义：normal（正常的）。派生词：abnormally adv. 反常地；abnormality n. 异常，反常。辨析：abnormal（反常的，偏离正常）vs unusual（不寻常的）vs strange（奇怪的）vs extraordinary（非凡的）。写作金句：What seems abnormal today may simply be the first lesson of a new normal（今日看似反常之事，或许只是新常态的第一课）。 【词根联想】 ab-"偏离"+ normal"正常的"→ 偏离正常→ 反常。联想：ab"偏离"→ abnormal（反常的）、absent（缺席的）、abstract（抽象的）。记住：ab + normal = 偏离正常。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：abnormal的前缀ab-表"偏离"，其反义词normal（正常的）与normally（正常地）为高考高频；abnormally常修饰形容词（abnormally quiet异常安静）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The abnormal silence of the empty ward was hard to bear, but it taught him to value small sounds."（空荡病房里反常的寂静令人难以忍受，却也教会他珍视细小的声响。）（经典原句·abnormal 反常的） 【搭配词块】 abnormal behaviour 反常行为 / abnormal silence 异常寂静 / abnormally adv. 反常地 / abnormality n. 异常 5. possession /pəˈzeʃn/ n. 拥有，财产 【核心考点】 possession是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①拥有——in possession of（拥有，主语为人）、in the possession of（被…拥有）、take possession of（占有）；②财产（常用复数）——personal possessions（个人财物）、his few possessions（他仅有的财物）。派生词：possess v. 拥有；possessed adj. 着魔的；possessor n. 拥有者。辨析：possession（占有/财产）vs ownership（所有权）vs belongings（随身物品）vs property（财产，房地产）。写作金句：Our true possessions are not the things we own, but the people who stay and the days we share（我们真正的财富不是拥有的东西，而是留下来的人和共度的时光）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语possidere"占有"（potis"有能力的"+sedere"坐"）→ 坐在其上→ 占有。联想：sess"坐"→ possession（占有）、session（会议）、assess（评估）。记住：pos + sess = 稳坐其上。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：in possession of（某人拥有）与in the possession of（被某人所拥有）主客相反，为高考高频辨析；possessions作复数时意为"财物、家当"。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"His few possessions fit into one small bag, yet the kindness around him was worth more than gold."（他仅有的财物装进一个小包，而他身边的善意比金子更珍贵。）（经典原句·possession 财物、拥有） 【搭配词块】 in possession of 拥有 / take possession of 占有 / personal possessions 个人财物 / possess v. 拥有 6. widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛的，普遍的 【核心考点】 widespread是说明文与议论文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①广泛的，普遍的——widespread concern（广泛关注）、widespread use（广泛使用）、widespread support（广泛支持）；②（字面义）分布广的——widespread damage（大范围损失）。派生词：wide adj. 宽的；widely adv. 广泛地；spread v. 传播。辨析：widespread（地域/范围广）vs common（普遍的）vs universal（普遍的，无例外）vs prevalent（盛行的）。写作金句：Kindness spreads in ways we cannot measure, yet its warmth is the most widespread cure on earth（善意以无法衡量的方式传播，它的温暖是世间最普遍的疗愈）。 【词根联想】 wide"宽" + spread"传播"→ 传播得宽→ 广泛的。联想：wide"宽"→ widespread（广泛的）、widen（加宽）、worldwide（全世界的）。记住：wide + spread = 铺得很开。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：widespread是合成形容词（wide+spread的过去分词），只能作定语或表语，修饰范围广的事物，如widespread campaigns（广泛的运动，2025全国一卷原句）。 【真题原句】 （2025全国一卷·阅读真题）"Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car."（尽管这些运动十分广泛，现实却是大多数西方城市被彻底改造成围绕汽车需求而设计。）（真题原句·widespread 广泛的） 【搭配词块】 widespread concern 广泛关注 / widespread use 广泛使用 / widely adv. 广泛地 / spread widely 广泛传播 7. cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作，配合 【核心考点】 cooperate是说明文与议论文语篇的高频动词（不及物）。用法要点：①合作——cooperate with sb.（与某人合作）、cooperate in/on sth.（在某事上合作）、cooperate to do（合作做）；②配合——cooperate with the police（配合警方）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：cooperation n. 合作→ in cooperation with（与…合作）；cooperative adj. 合作的。辨析：cooperate（合作，主动配合）vs collaborate（协作，共同创作）vs work together（一起工作）vs unite（联合）。写作金句：Doctors and nurses who cooperate as one team can heal more than any single genius（像一支队伍那样合作的医生和护士，能治愈任何单一天才都无法治愈的病人）。 【词根联想】 co-"共同"+ operate"运作"→ 共同运作→ 合作。联想：co"共同"→ cooperate（合作）、coexist（共存）；oper"工作"→ operate（运作）、operation（手术）。记住：co + operate = 一起干活。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：cooperate后接with表对象，接to do表目的；名词cooperation与介词in搭配，in cooperation with（与…合作）为写作高级表达。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Doctors and nurses learned to cooperate as one team, for no single pair of hands can carry a whole ward."（医生和护士学会像一支队伍那样合作，因为一双手撑不起整间病房。）（经典原句·cooperate 合作） 【搭配词块】 cooperate with 与…合作 / cooperate to do 合作做 / cooperation n. 合作 / in cooperation with 与…合作 8. fee /fiː/ n. 费用，收费 【核心考点】 fee是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①费用，收费——a registration fee（注册费）、school fees（学费）、a membership fee（会员费）、admission fee（入场费）；②搭配——pay a fee（付费）、charge a fee（收费）、fee-free（免费的）。辨析：fee（专业服务/机构的费用）vs cost（成本/花费）vs price（价格）vs charge（收费，动词/名词）vs fare（车船费）。写作金句：No fee can buy the care that a kind heart gives for free, for kindness has no price tag（任何费用都买不来善心免费给予的关怀，因为善意没有价签）。 【词根联想】 古法语fe"封地，报酬"（源自日耳曼语）→ 服务报酬→ 费用。联想：fee与feud（封地）、fief（封地）同源。记住：fee = 服务换取的报酬。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：fee多指"学费、会费、手续费"等机构性费用；fare指"车船票费"；fine指"罚款"，三者易混，为完形与词义辨析题高频考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"No fee could buy the care the nurses gave, and the patient knew he owed a debt no bill could settle."（任何费用都买不来护士们给予的关怀，病人知道他欠下的债不是账单能清算的。）（经典原句·fee 费用） 【搭配词块】 a registration fee 注册费 / school fees 学费 / pay a fee 付费 / fee-free 免费的 9. transparent /trænsˈpærənt/ adj. 透明的；坦诚的 【核心考点】 transparent是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①透明的——transparent glass（透明玻璃）；②坦诚的，公开的——transparent honesty（坦诚）、a transparent process（公开透明的程序）；③（引申）明显的——a transparent lie（明显的谎言）。派生词：transparency n. 透明，透明度；transparently adv. 透明地。辨析：transparent（透明的/坦诚的）vs clear（清晰的）vs obvious（明显的）vs open（公开的）。写作金句：A transparent heart leaves nothing hidden, and honesty, though plain, is the strongest medicine（透明的心不留隐藏，诚实虽朴素，却是最有力的药）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语transparere"透光"（trans-"穿过"+parere"显现"）→ 光可穿过→ 透明。联想：trans"穿过"→ transparent（透明的）、transport（运输）；par"显现"→ appear（出现）。记住：trans + parent = 光线穿透可见。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：transparent由"透明的"引申为"坦诚的、公开的"，如transparent honesty（坦诚）——此义在人物描写与新闻类阅读中高频，与honest同义替换。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"What helped most was transparent honesty: the doctor told the truth with pure goodwill and no false hope."（最有帮助的是坦诚：医生带着纯粹的善意说出真相，不给虚假的希望。）（经典原句·transparent 坦诚的、透明的） 【搭配词块】 transparent honesty 坦诚 / transparent glass 透明玻璃 / transparency n. 透明 / transparently adv. 透明地 10. pure /pjʊə(r)/ adj. 纯粹的；纯净的 【核心考点】 pure是记叙文与议论文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①纯粹的——pure goodwill（纯粹善意）、pure joy（纯粹的快乐）、pure science（纯科学）；②纯净的——pure water（纯净水）、pure gold（纯金）；③（强调）完全的——by pure chance（纯属偶然）。派生词：purely adv. 纯粹地；purity n. 纯净；purify v. 净化。辨析：pure（纯粹/纯净的）vs clean（干净的）vs fresh（新鲜的）vs innocent（天真的）。写作金句：A pure heart sees the good in others, and that seeing, in turn, brings out the good in oneself（纯净的心能看见他人的善，而这份看见，反过来也会唤醒自己内心的善）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语purus"干净的"→ 纯净的。联想：pur"纯净"→ pure（纯净的）、purify（净化）、purity（纯净）。记住：pure = 一尘不染。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：pure在强调句中意为"完全的、十足的"，如by pure chance（纯属偶然）、pure nonsense（一派胡言），为阅读熟词生义考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The doctor spoke with pure goodwill, and the patient trusted every word he heard."（医生带着纯粹的善意说话，病人相信听到的每一个字。）（经典原句·pure 纯粹的） 【搭配词块】 pure goodwill 纯粹善意 / pure joy 纯粹的快乐 / by pure chance 纯属偶然 / purity n. 纯净 11. despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望；v. 绝望 【核心考点】 despair是记叙文与议论文语篇的高频名词/动词。用法要点：①（名词）绝望——in despair（绝望地）、drive sb. to despair（使某人绝望）、the depth of despair（绝望的深渊）；②（动词）绝望——despair of doing（对做…绝望）。派生词：despairing adj. 绝望的；despairingly adv. 绝望地。辨析：despair（绝望，彻底失去希望）vs hopelessness（无望）vs desperation（孤注一掷）vs disappointment（失望）。写作金句：Despair is only the night between two mornings, and every dawn proves it was never the end（绝望只是两个早晨之间的夜，每一个黎明都证明它从来不是终点）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语desperare"失去希望"（de-"去掉"+sperare"希望"）→ 无望。联想：sper"希望"→ despair（绝望）、desperate（绝望的）、prosper（兴旺）。记住：de + spair = 希望尽失。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：despair既作名词又作动词；in despair（绝望地）为高频搭配；动词despair of doing（对做某事绝望）后接动名词，为语法填空考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Whenever despair knocked at his heart, his mother's simple phrase — one day at a time — brought him back."（每当绝望叩击他的心，母亲那句简单的话语——"一天一天来"——就把他拉回来。）（经典原句·despair 绝望） 【搭配词块】 in despair 绝望地 / drive sb. to despair 使绝望 / despair of doing 对…绝望 / despairing adj. 绝望的 12. phrase /freɪz/ n. 短语，话语 【核心考点】 phrase是记叙文与说明文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①短语，习语——a set phrase（固定短语）、a common phrase（常用短语）；②话语，措辞——in simple phrases（用简单的话语）、the phrase that changed my life（改变我一生的话语）。派生词：phrasing n. 措辞；phrasebook n. 短语手册。辨析：phrase（短语/话语）vs expression（表达）vs idiom（习语，文化典故）vs saying（谚语）。写作金句：One simple phrase, repeated with love, can carry a person through the longest night（一句简单的话语，带着爱反复说起，就能带一个人熬过最长的夜）。 【词根联想】 希腊语phrasis"说话"（phrazein"说出"）→ 话语。联想：phras"说"→ phrase（短语）、paraphrase（释义）。记住：phrase = 说出的话。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：phrase在阅读中常指"某人常说的话、口头禅"，如one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential（一句让许多人无法发挥潜力的话，2022北京卷原句）——此义在人物描写类阅读中高频。 【真题原句】 （2022北京卷·阅读真题）"It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can't."（正是脑海中那个声音告诉我那句让许多人无法发挥潜力的话："我不行"。）（真题原句·phrase 话语、短语） 【搭配词块】 a set phrase 固定短语 / a common phrase 常用短语 / in simple phrases 用简单的话语 / phrase book 短语手册 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 weaken weak (adj.) weakness (n.) weakly (adv.) weaken one's confidence / weaken the body pessimistic pessimism (n.) pessimist (n.) pessimistically (adv.) be pessimistic about / a pessimistic view anticipate anticipation (n.) anticipated (adj.) --- anticipate that… / in anticipation of abnormal abnormality (n.) abnormally (adv.) normal (adj.反义) abnormal behaviour / abnormal silence possession possess (v.) possessed (adj.) possessor (n.) in possession of / take possession of widespread wide (adj.) widely (adv.) widen (v.) widespread concern / widespread use cooperate cooperation (n.) cooperative (adj.) cooperatively (adv.) cooperate with / in cooperation with fee fees (n.复数) fee-free (adj.) --- a registration fee / school fees transparent transparency (n.) transparently (adv.) --- transparent honesty / transparent glass pure purity (n.) purely (adv.) purify (v.) pure goodwill / by pure chance despair despairing (adj.) despairingly (adv.) --- in despair / despair of doing phrase phrasing (n.) phrasebook (n.) --- a set phrase / in simple phrases Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022天津卷·阅读·改编）My stuttering had ____________ (weak) my self-confidence for years. 2.（2022北京卷·阅读·改编）It was that voice telling me one ____________ (phrases): "I can't." 3.（2025全国一卷·阅读·改编）Although these campaigns were ____________ (widely), the reality was quite different. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）A serious illness can ____________ (weaker) the strongest body. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）He felt ____________ (pessimism) about the road ahead. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Nobody could ____________ (anticipation) how the year would end. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The ____________ (abnormality) silence of the empty ward was hard to bear. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）His few ____________ (possess) fit into one small bag. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The kindness of strangers spread ____________ (wide) warmth through the hospital. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）Doctors learned to ____________ (cooperation) as one team. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）No ____________ (fees) could buy the care the nurses gave. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）What mattered was ____________ (transparency) honesty. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）She spoke with ____________ (purely) goodwill and no false hope. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Whenever ____________ (despairing) knocked at his heart, he remembered his mother. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）His mother's simple ____________ (phrases) calmed him down every time. 【答案】 1. weakened 2. phrase 3. widespread 4. weaken 5. pessimistic 6. anticipate 7. abnormal 8. possessions 9. widespread 10. cooperate 11. fee 12. transparent 13. pure 14. despair 15. phrase 【逐题解析】 1. weakened — 提示词weak为形容词，had后须用过去分词构成完成时，weakened意为"削弱"。 2. phrase — 提示词phrases为复数，不定冠词one后须用单数phrase（话语）。 3. widespread — 提示词widely为副词，系动词were后须用形容词widespread（广泛的）。 4. weaken — 提示词weaker为形容词比较级，情态动词can后须用动词原形weaken（削弱）。 5. pessimistic — 提示词pessimism为名词，系动词felt后须用形容词作表语pessimistic（悲观的）。 6. anticipate — 提示词anticipation为名词，情态动词could后须用动词原形anticipate（预料）。 7. abnormal — 提示词abnormality为名词，定冠词The后修饰名词silence须用形容词abnormal（反常的）。 8. possessions — 提示词possess为动词，few后须用可数名词复数possessions（财物）。 9. widespread — 提示词wide为形容词，修饰名词warmth须用合成形容词widespread（广泛的）。 10. cooperate — 提示词cooperation为名词，to后须用动词原形cooperate（合作）。 11. fee — 提示词fees为复数，不定冠词No后须用单数fee（费用）。 12. transparent — 提示词transparency为名词，系动词was后须用形容词transparent（坦诚的）。 13. pure — 提示词purely为副词，介词with后须用形容词pure（纯粹的）。 14. despair — 提示词despairing为形容词，连词Whenever后从句缺主语，须用名词despair（绝望）。 15. phrase — 提示词phrases为复数，形容词性物主代词mother's后须用单数phrase（话语）。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 漫长疾病会____________（削弱）最强壮的身体，有些日子病人对前路感到____________（悲观的），无法____________（预料）结局，病房里____________（反常的）寂静难熬。 他仅有的____________（财物）装进小包，善意却传播____________（广泛的）温暖；医护____________（合作）成队，任何____________（费用）买不来关怀。____________（坦诚的）真相带____________（纯粹的）善意；每当____________（绝望）来袭，母亲那句____________（话语）"一天一天来"将他拉回。 【答案】 weaken; pessimistic; anticipate; abnormal; possessions; widespread; cooperate; fee; transparent; pure; despair; phrase Part 7 关联阅读 When the doctor gave his report, the room seemed to hold its breath. A long illness had weakened a body that had once climbed mountains, and for weeks the patient could not shake a pessimistic mood. He tried not to anticipate the worst, but the abnormal silence of the hospital made every small sound feel loud. The nurses moved in soft shoes, and the machines beeped in quiet rhythms. One evening he counted the tiles on the ceiling and wondered how many more nights like this remained. His sister visited and told him not to count tiles but to count the days that were kind to him. He smiled for the first time in weeks, and the tiles stopped mattering. The doctors said patience was half the medicine, though they could not prescribe it. His possessions, gathered over forty years, fit into a single bag beside the bed: a worn watch, two books and a photograph. Yet the warmth around him was widespread. Neighbours he barely knew left soup at the door, and old colleagues sent letters from distant cities. The hospital staff learned to cooperate like a well-practised team, each nurse knowing what the other would do next. No fee could ever buy such care, the patient thought, though the bills still arrived each month. He kept the letters under the photograph and read one whenever the pain grew loud. What helped most was transparent honesty. His doctor explained the illness in plain words, with pure goodwill and no false hope. When despair came knocking, as it did on dark nights, the patient repeated his mother's simple phrase: one day at a time. The words were old and worn, but they worked. Slowly the muscles remembered their strength, and the gloomy forecast gave way to small victories: a few steps, then a whole corridor, then a garden bench. The man who had counted tiles now counted steps, and each one was a quiet triumph. He learned that life's lessons are often taught in the slow hours, and that hope, like a muscle, grows with use. 1. Why did the patient stop counting the tiles on the ceiling? A. He began to count the days that were kind to him. B. He had counted every tile in the room. C. The nurses asked him to stop counting. D. The tiles were repainted the next day. 2. What did the neighbours do when they heard about the illness? A. They visited him in hospital every day. B. They left soup at the door and old colleagues sent letters. C. They paid his hospital bills for him. D. They brought him a new watch. 3. What helped the patient most during the illness? A. The machines that beeped in quiet rhythms. B. The tiles he counted on the ceiling. C. Transparent honesty and his mother's simple phrase. D. The bills that arrived each month. 4. What is the main lesson of the passage? A. Hospitals should be quieter for patients. B. Money can buy the best medical care. C. Every illness ends with a full recovery. D. Hope, like a muscle, grows with use. 【参考答案与高考标准解析】 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：首段明确——"His sister visited and told him not to count tiles but to count the days that were kind to him"，姐姐让他别再数瓷砖，而去数善待他的日子，与A项完全对应，故选A。B项"数完了所有瓷砖"、C项"护士叫他别数"、D项"瓷砖次日重刷"均为无中生有。 第2题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第二段明确——"Neighbours he barely knew left soup at the door, and old colleagues sent letters from distant cities"，几乎不认识的邻居把汤留在门口，老同事从远方来信，与B项吻合，故选B。A项"每天来医院探望"、C项"替他付住院费"、D项"送新手表"均与原文不符。 第3题（细节理解题·高考核心）：第三段点明——"What helped most was transparent honesty... the patient repeated his mother's simple phrase"，帮助最大的是坦诚以及母亲那句简单的话语，与C项一致，故选C。A项"嗡嗡作响的机器"、B项"天花板瓷砖"是患者烦躁时的计数对象，D项"每月账单"是负担而非帮助。 第4题（主旨大意题·高考压轴）：全文由病中绝望写到缓慢康复，末句收束——"life's lessons are often taught in the slow hours, and that hope, like a muscle, grows with use"，点明希望如肌肉般越用越强，与D项吻合，故选D。A项"医院应更安静"是细节，B项"金钱能买最好医疗"与"No fee could buy such care"相反，C项"每种病都能痊愈"过于绝对。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：weaken, pessimistic, anticipate, abnormal, possession, widespread, cooperate, fee, transparent, pure, despair, phrase Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. The long illness made his body weaker and weaker. → The long illness ____________ed his body. 2. He held a sad and negative view of the future. → He held a ____________ view of the future. 3. We did not expect that the exam would be so difficult. → We did not ____________ that the exam would be so difficult. 4. The strange quiet of the empty room made everyone nervous. → The ____________ quiet of the empty room made everyone nervous. 5. All his belongings were packed into a single small bag. → All his ____________s were packed into a single small bag. 6. The love around the old man was felt in many places. → The love around the old man was ____________. 7. The two teams worked together to finish the project. → The two teams ____________d to finish the project. 8. There is a small charge for using the library. → There is a small ____________ for using the library. 9. The manager was honest and open about the difficulties. → The manager was ____________ about the difficulties. 10. Helping others gives her a completely joyful feeling. → Helping others gives her ____________ joy. 11. He cried in hopelessness when he lost the game. → He cried in ____________ when he lost the game. 12. "Never give up" is a saying that changed his life. → "Never give up" is a ____________ that changed his life. 【答案】 1. weaken 2. pessimistic 3. anticipate 4. abnormal 5. possessions 6. widespread 7. cooperate 8. fee 9. transparent 10. pure 11. despair 12. phrase Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：weaken → pessimistic → anticipate → abnormal → possession → widespread → cooperate → fee → transparent → pure → despair → phrase 复述模板（填空）： 疾病____________（削弱）身体，病人____________（悲观的），无法____________（预料）结局，病房____________（反常的）寂静难熬。 仅有的____________（财物）装进小包，善意____________（广泛的）传播；医护____________（合作），____________（费用）买不来关怀。____________（坦诚的）真相带____________（纯粹的）善意；____________（绝望）来袭时，母亲那句____________（话语）将他拉回。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：weaken; pessimistic; anticipate; abnormal; possessions; widespread; cooperate; fee; transparent; pure; despair; phrase 复述模板参考版本： A long illness can weaken the strongest body, and some days the patient felt pessimistic about the road ahead, unable to anticipate how the year would end amid the abnormal silence of the ward. His few possessions fit into one bag, yet kindness spread widespread warmth; doctors and nurses cooperated as one team, and no fee could buy their care. What mattered was transparent honesty and pure goodwill, and whenever despair knocked, his mother's simple phrase — one day at a time — brought him back. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（外研版2019） 高考高频知识点：weaken / pessimistic / anticipate / abnormal / possession / widespread / cooperate / fee / transparent / pure / despair / phrase （知识点来源：选修四 Unit 2 · Lessons in life + 高考高频知识点） 学校:______________ 姓名: ______________ 班级: ______________ 座号: ______________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 1 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 8 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 8 【练习题】 8 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 9 【练习题】 9 Part 7 关联阅读 9 Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 10 Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 11 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 A long illness can weaken the strongest body, and some days the patient felt pessimistic about the road ahead. He could not anticipate how the year would end, and the abnormal silence of the empty ward was hard to bear. His few possessions fit into one small bag, yet the kindness of strangers spread widespread warmth through the hospital. Doctors and nurses learned to cooperate as one team, and no fee could buy the care they gave. What mattered was transparent honesty: the doctor told him the truth with pure goodwill. Whenever despair knocked at his heart, his mother's simple phrase — "one day at a time" — brought him back. 【中文译文】 一场漫长的疾病会weaken（削弱）最强壮的身体，有些日子病人对前路感到pessimistic（悲观的）。他无法anticipate（预料）这一年将如何结束，空荡病房里abnormal（反常的）寂静令人难以忍受。 他为数不多的possessions（财物）装进一个小包，但陌生人的善意在医院里传播widespread（广泛的）温暖。医生和护士学会cooperate（合作）成一个团队，任何fee（费用）都买不来他们给予的关怀。 重要的是transparent（透明的）坦诚：医生带着pure（纯粹的）善意告诉他真相。每当despair（绝望）叩击他的心，母亲那句简单的phrase（话语）——“一天一天来”——就把他拉回来。 Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + ⚡考点： 1 weaken /ˈwiːkən/ v. 削弱，使变弱 ⚡考点：weaken one's confidence 削弱信心；weaken the body 使身体变弱；weak adj. 虚弱的 2 pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的 ⚡考点：be pessimistic about 对…悲观；pessimism n. 悲观；optimistic 反义 3 anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v. 预期，预料 ⚡考点：anticipate doing 预期做；anticipate that… 预料…；anticipation n. 预期 4 abnormal /æbˈnɔːml/ adj. 反常的，异常的 ⚡考点：abnormal behaviour 反常行为；abnormally adv. 反常地；normal 反义 5 possession /pəˈzeʃn/ n. 拥有，财产 ⚡考点：in possession of 拥有；take possession of 占有；possess v. 拥有 6 widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛的，普遍的 ⚡考点：widespread concern 广泛关注；spread widely 广泛传播；widespread use 广泛使用 7 cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作，配合 ⚡考点：cooperate with 与…合作；cooperate to do 合作做；cooperation n. 合作 8 fee /fiː/ n. 费用，收费 ⚡考点：a registration fee 注册费；school fees 学费；pay a fee 付费；fee-free 免费的 9 transparent /trænsˈpærənt/ adj. 透明的；坦诚的 ⚡考点：transparent honesty 坦诚；a transparent lie 明显的谎言；transparency n. 透明 10 pure /pjʊə(r)/ adj. 纯粹的；纯净的 ⚡考点：pure goodwill 纯粹善意；pure joy 纯粹的快乐；purely adv. 纯粹地 11 despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望；v. 绝望 ⚡考点：in despair 绝望地；drive sb. to despair 使绝望；despair of 对…绝望 12 phrase /freɪz/ n. 短语，话语 ⚡考点：a set phrase 固定短语；in simple phrases 用简单的话语；phrase book 短语手册 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. weaken /ˈwiːkən/ v. 削弱，使变弱 【核心考点】 weaken是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频动词。用法要点：①削弱，使变弱——weaken one's confidence（削弱信心）、weaken the body（使身体变弱）、weaken the economy（削弱经济）；②（引申）动摇，减弱——Nothing can weaken our friendship（什么都不能削弱我们的友谊）。派生词：weak adj. 虚弱的；weakness n. 弱点；weakly adv. 虚弱地。辨析：weaken（使变弱）vs reduce（减少）vs decline（下降，不及物）vs undermine（暗中削弱）。写作金句：What weakens us is not failure itself, but the fear that keeps us from trying again（削弱我们的不是失败本身，而是让我们不敢再试的恐惧）。 【词根联想】 weak"弱"+ -en"使…"→ 使变弱。联想：-en动词后缀→ weaken（削弱）、strengthen（加强）、lengthen（加长）、widen（加宽）。记住：weak + en = 使之变弱。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：weaken是形容词weak的动词化形式，其反义动词strengthen（加强）为高考高频；阅读中常以"the illness weakened his body"表身体衰弱（2022天津卷原句用法）。 【真题原句】 （2022天津卷·阅读真题）"What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering, which had weakened my self-confidence."（导致我自卑的还有我偶尔的口吃，它削弱了我的自信。）（真题原句·weaken 削弱） 【搭配词块】 weaken one's confidence 削弱信心 / weaken the body 使身体变弱 / weak adj. 虚弱的 / weakness n. 弱点 2. pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的 【核心考点】 pessimistic是议论文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①悲观的——be pessimistic about（对…悲观）、a pessimistic view（悲观的看法）、a pessimistic mood（悲观情绪）；②反义：optimistic（乐观的）。派生词：pessimism n. 悲观主义；pessimist n. 悲观者；pessimistically adv. 悲观地。辨析：pessimistic（悲观的，态度）vs negative（消极的）vs gloomy（阴郁的）vs doubtful（怀疑的）。写作金句：A pessimistic mind sees a wall in every road; an optimistic one sees a road in every wall（悲观者在每条路上看见墙，乐观者在每堵墙上看见路）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语pessimus"最坏的"（malus"坏"的最高级）→ 认为最坏→ 悲观。联想：pess"最坏"→ pessimistic（悲观的）、pessimism（悲观主义）。记住：pessimistic = 总往最坏处想。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：pessimistic后接介词about，be pessimistic about the future（对未来悲观）为高频搭配；其反义词optimistic（乐观的）常在同一语篇中对举，构成态度题考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Some days the patient felt pessimistic about the road ahead, yet hope returned with the morning light."（有些日子病人对前路感到悲观，然而希望随晨光归来。）（经典原句·pessimistic 悲观的） 【搭配词块】 be pessimistic about 对…悲观 / a pessimistic view 悲观看法 / pessimism n. 悲观主义 / optimistic adj. 乐观的 3. anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v. 预期，预料 【核心考点】 anticipate是说明文与议论文语篇的高频动词（较正式）。用法要点：①预期，预料——anticipate that…（预料…）、anticipate doing sth.（预期做某事）、as anticipated（正如所料）；②期待——anticipate the arrival（期待到来）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：anticipation n. 预期→ in anticipation of（期待着，预料到）；anticipated adj. 预期的。辨析：anticipate（预料，含事先准备）vs expect（期望，最通用）vs predict（预测，基于证据）vs foresee（预见）。写作金句：We cannot anticipate every storm, but we can learn to sail in the rain（我们无法预料每一场风暴，但可以学会在雨中航行）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语anticipare"提前拿取"（ante-"在前"+capere"取"）→ 提前想到→ 预期。联想：ante"前"+cip"取"→ anticipate（预期）、participate（参与）。记住：ante + cip = 提前拿到。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：anticipate后接动名词（anticipate doing）而非不定式，in anticipation of（预料到）为写作高频短语，如in anticipation of the exam（预料到考试）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"He could not anticipate how the year would end, so he learned to live in the present hour."（他无法预料这一年将如何结束，于是学会活在当下。）（经典原句·anticipate 预料） 【搭配词块】 anticipate that… 预料… / anticipate doing 预期做 / in anticipation of 预料到 / as anticipated 正如所料 4. abnormal /æbˈnɔːml/ adj. 反常的，异常的 【核心考点】 abnormal是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①反常的，异常的——abnormal behaviour（反常行为）、abnormal silence（异常寂静）、an abnormal reaction（异常反应）；②反义：normal（正常的）。派生词：abnormally adv. 反常地；abnormality n. 异常，反常。辨析：abnormal（反常的，偏离正常）vs unusual（不寻常的）vs strange（奇怪的）vs extraordinary（非凡的）。写作金句：What seems abnormal today may simply be the first lesson of a new normal（今日看似反常之事，或许只是新常态的第一课）。 【词根联想】 ab-"偏离"+ normal"正常的"→ 偏离正常→ 反常。联想：ab"偏离"→ abnormal（反常的）、absent（缺席的）、abstract（抽象的）。记住：ab + normal = 偏离正常。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：abnormal的前缀ab-表"偏离"，其反义词normal（正常的）与normally（正常地）为高考高频；abnormally常修饰形容词（abnormally quiet异常安静）。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The abnormal silence of the empty ward was hard to bear, but it taught him to value small sounds."（空荡病房里反常的寂静令人难以忍受，却也教会他珍视细小的声响。）（经典原句·abnormal 反常的） 【搭配词块】 abnormal behaviour 反常行为 / abnormal silence 异常寂静 / abnormally adv. 反常地 / abnormality n. 异常 5. possession /pəˈzeʃn/ n. 拥有，财产 【核心考点】 possession是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①拥有——in possession of（拥有，主语为人）、in the possession of（被…拥有）、take possession of（占有）；②财产（常用复数）——personal possessions（个人财物）、his few possessions（他仅有的财物）。派生词：possess v. 拥有；possessed adj. 着魔的；possessor n. 拥有者。辨析：possession（占有/财产）vs ownership（所有权）vs belongings（随身物品）vs property（财产，房地产）。写作金句：Our true possessions are not the things we own, but the people who stay and the days we share（我们真正的财富不是拥有的东西，而是留下来的人和共度的时光）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语possidere"占有"（potis"有能力的"+sedere"坐"）→ 坐在其上→ 占有。联想：sess"坐"→ possession（占有）、session（会议）、assess（评估）。记住：pos + sess = 稳坐其上。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：in possession of（某人拥有）与in the possession of（被某人所拥有）主客相反，为高考高频辨析；possessions作复数时意为"财物、家当"。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"His few possessions fit into one small bag, yet the kindness around him was worth more than gold."（他仅有的财物装进一个小包，而他身边的善意比金子更珍贵。）（经典原句·possession 财物、拥有） 【搭配词块】 in possession of 拥有 / take possession of 占有 / personal possessions 个人财物 / possess v. 拥有 6. widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛的，普遍的 【核心考点】 widespread是说明文与议论文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①广泛的，普遍的——widespread concern（广泛关注）、widespread use（广泛使用）、widespread support（广泛支持）；②（字面义）分布广的——widespread damage（大范围损失）。派生词：wide adj. 宽的；widely adv. 广泛地；spread v. 传播。辨析：widespread（地域/范围广）vs common（普遍的）vs universal（普遍的，无例外）vs prevalent（盛行的）。写作金句：Kindness spreads in ways we cannot measure, yet its warmth is the most widespread cure on earth（善意以无法衡量的方式传播，它的温暖是世间最普遍的疗愈）。 【词根联想】 wide"宽" + spread"传播"→ 传播得宽→ 广泛的。联想：wide"宽"→ widespread（广泛的）、widen（加宽）、worldwide（全世界的）。记住：wide + spread = 铺得很开。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：widespread是合成形容词（wide+spread的过去分词），只能作定语或表语，修饰范围广的事物，如widespread campaigns（广泛的运动，2025全国一卷原句）。 【真题原句】 （2025全国一卷·阅读真题）"Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car."（尽管这些运动十分广泛，现实却是大多数西方城市被彻底改造成围绕汽车需求而设计。）（真题原句·widespread 广泛的） 【搭配词块】 widespread concern 广泛关注 / widespread use 广泛使用 / widely adv. 广泛地 / spread widely 广泛传播 7. cooperate /kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 合作，配合 【核心考点】 cooperate是说明文与议论文语篇的高频动词（不及物）。用法要点：①合作——cooperate with sb.（与某人合作）、cooperate in/on sth.（在某事上合作）、cooperate to do（合作做）；②配合——cooperate with the police（配合警方）。派生词是语法填空高频考点：cooperation n. 合作→ in cooperation with（与…合作）；cooperative adj. 合作的。辨析：cooperate（合作，主动配合）vs collaborate（协作，共同创作）vs work together（一起工作）vs unite（联合）。写作金句：Doctors and nurses who cooperate as one team can heal more than any single genius（像一支队伍那样合作的医生和护士，能治愈任何单一天才都无法治愈的病人）。 【词根联想】 co-"共同"+ operate"运作"→ 共同运作→ 合作。联想：co"共同"→ cooperate（合作）、coexist（共存）；oper"工作"→ operate（运作）、operation（手术）。记住：co + operate = 一起干活。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：cooperate后接with表对象，接to do表目的；名词cooperation与介词in搭配，in cooperation with（与…合作）为写作高级表达。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Doctors and nurses learned to cooperate as one team, for no single pair of hands can carry a whole ward."（医生和护士学会像一支队伍那样合作，因为一双手撑不起整间病房。）（经典原句·cooperate 合作） 【搭配词块】 cooperate with 与…合作 / cooperate to do 合作做 / cooperation n. 合作 / in cooperation with 与…合作 8. fee /fiː/ n. 费用，收费 【核心考点】 fee是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①费用，收费——a registration fee（注册费）、school fees（学费）、a membership fee（会员费）、admission fee（入场费）；②搭配——pay a fee（付费）、charge a fee（收费）、fee-free（免费的）。辨析：fee（专业服务/机构的费用）vs cost（成本/花费）vs price（价格）vs charge（收费，动词/名词）vs fare（车船费）。写作金句：No fee can buy the care that a kind heart gives for free, for kindness has no price tag（任何费用都买不来善心免费给予的关怀，因为善意没有价签）。 【词根联想】 古法语fe"封地，报酬"（源自日耳曼语）→ 服务报酬→ 费用。联想：fee与feud（封地）、fief（封地）同源。记住：fee = 服务换取的报酬。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：fee多指"学费、会费、手续费"等机构性费用；fare指"车船票费"；fine指"罚款"，三者易混，为完形与词义辨析题高频考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"No fee could buy the care the nurses gave, and the patient knew he owed a debt no bill could settle."（任何费用都买不来护士们给予的关怀，病人知道他欠下的债不是账单能清算的。）（经典原句·fee 费用） 【搭配词块】 a registration fee 注册费 / school fees 学费 / pay a fee 付费 / fee-free 免费的 9. transparent /trænsˈpærənt/ adj. 透明的；坦诚的 【核心考点】 transparent是说明文与记叙文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①透明的——transparent glass（透明玻璃）；②坦诚的，公开的——transparent honesty（坦诚）、a transparent process（公开透明的程序）；③（引申）明显的——a transparent lie（明显的谎言）。派生词：transparency n. 透明，透明度；transparently adv. 透明地。辨析：transparent（透明的/坦诚的）vs clear（清晰的）vs obvious（明显的）vs open（公开的）。写作金句：A transparent heart leaves nothing hidden, and honesty, though plain, is the strongest medicine（透明的心不留隐藏，诚实虽朴素，却是最有力的药）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语transparere"透光"（trans-"穿过"+parere"显现"）→ 光可穿过→ 透明。联想：trans"穿过"→ transparent（透明的）、transport（运输）；par"显现"→ appear（出现）。记住：trans + parent = 光线穿透可见。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：transparent由"透明的"引申为"坦诚的、公开的"，如transparent honesty（坦诚）——此义在人物描写与新闻类阅读中高频，与honest同义替换。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"What helped most was transparent honesty: the doctor told the truth with pure goodwill and no false hope."（最有帮助的是坦诚：医生带着纯粹的善意说出真相，不给虚假的希望。）（经典原句·transparent 坦诚的、透明的） 【搭配词块】 transparent honesty 坦诚 / transparent glass 透明玻璃 / transparency n. 透明 / transparently adv. 透明地 10. pure /pjʊə(r)/ adj. 纯粹的；纯净的 【核心考点】 pure是记叙文与议论文语篇的高频形容词。用法要点：①纯粹的——pure goodwill（纯粹善意）、pure joy（纯粹的快乐）、pure science（纯科学）；②纯净的——pure water（纯净水）、pure gold（纯金）；③（强调）完全的——by pure chance（纯属偶然）。派生词：purely adv. 纯粹地；purity n. 纯净；purify v. 净化。辨析：pure（纯粹/纯净的）vs clean（干净的）vs fresh（新鲜的）vs innocent（天真的）。写作金句：A pure heart sees the good in others, and that seeing, in turn, brings out the good in oneself（纯净的心能看见他人的善，而这份看见，反过来也会唤醒自己内心的善）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语purus"干净的"→ 纯净的。联想：pur"纯净"→ pure（纯净的）、purify（净化）、purity（纯净）。记住：pure = 一尘不染。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：pure在强调句中意为"完全的、十足的"，如by pure chance（纯属偶然）、pure nonsense（一派胡言），为阅读熟词生义考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"The doctor spoke with pure goodwill, and the patient trusted every word he heard."（医生带着纯粹的善意说话，病人相信听到的每一个字。）（经典原句·pure 纯粹的） 【搭配词块】 pure goodwill 纯粹善意 / pure joy 纯粹的快乐 / by pure chance 纯属偶然 / purity n. 纯净 11. despair /dɪˈspeə(r)/ n. 绝望；v. 绝望 【核心考点】 despair是记叙文与议论文语篇的高频名词/动词。用法要点：①（名词）绝望——in despair（绝望地）、drive sb. to despair（使某人绝望）、the depth of despair（绝望的深渊）；②（动词）绝望——despair of doing（对做…绝望）。派生词：despairing adj. 绝望的；despairingly adv. 绝望地。辨析：despair（绝望，彻底失去希望）vs hopelessness（无望）vs desperation（孤注一掷）vs disappointment（失望）。写作金句：Despair is only the night between two mornings, and every dawn proves it was never the end（绝望只是两个早晨之间的夜，每一个黎明都证明它从来不是终点）。 【词根联想】 拉丁语desperare"失去希望"（de-"去掉"+sperare"希望"）→ 无望。联想：sper"希望"→ despair（绝望）、desperate（绝望的）、prosper（兴旺）。记住：de + spair = 希望尽失。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：despair既作名词又作动词；in despair（绝望地）为高频搭配；动词despair of doing（对做某事绝望）后接动名词，为语法填空考点。 【经典原句】 （经典原句）"Whenever despair knocked at his heart, his mother's simple phrase — one day at a time — brought him back."（每当绝望叩击他的心，母亲那句简单的话语——"一天一天来"——就把他拉回来。）（经典原句·despair 绝望） 【搭配词块】 in despair 绝望地 / drive sb. to despair 使绝望 / despair of doing 对…绝望 / despairing adj. 绝望的 12. phrase /freɪz/ n. 短语，话语 【核心考点】 phrase是记叙文与说明文语篇的高频名词。用法要点：①短语，习语——a set phrase（固定短语）、a common phrase（常用短语）；②话语，措辞——in simple phrases（用简单的话语）、the phrase that changed my life（改变我一生的话语）。派生词：phrasing n. 措辞；phrasebook n. 短语手册。辨析：phrase（短语/话语）vs expression（表达）vs idiom（习语，文化典故）vs saying（谚语）。写作金句：One simple phrase, repeated with love, can carry a person through the longest night（一句简单的话语，带着爱反复说起，就能带一个人熬过最长的夜）。 【词根联想】 希腊语phrasis"说话"（phrazein"说出"）→ 话语。联想：phras"说"→ phrase（短语）、paraphrase（释义）。记住：phrase = 说出的话。 【熟词生义】 熟词生义：phrase在阅读中常指"某人常说的话、口头禅"，如one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential（一句让许多人无法发挥潜力的话，2022北京卷原句）——此义在人物描写类阅读中高频。 【真题原句】 （2022北京卷·阅读真题）"It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can't."（正是脑海中那个声音告诉我那句让许多人无法发挥潜力的话："我不行"。）（真题原句·phrase 话语、短语） 【搭配词块】 a set phrase 固定短语 / a common phrase 常用短语 / in simple phrases 用简单的话语 / phrase book 短语手册 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 weaken weak (adj.) weakness (n.) weakly (adv.) weaken one's confidence / weaken the body pessimistic pessimism (n.) pessimist (n.) pessimistically (adv.) be pessimistic about / a pessimistic view anticipate anticipation (n.) anticipated (adj.) --- anticipate that… / in anticipation of abnormal abnormality (n.) abnormally (adv.) normal (adj.反义) abnormal behaviour / abnormal silence possession possess (v.) possessed (adj.) possessor (n.) in possession of / take possession of widespread wide (adj.) widely (adv.) widen (v.) widespread concern / widespread use cooperate cooperation (n.) cooperative (adj.) cooperatively (adv.) cooperate with / in cooperation with fee fees (n.复数) fee-free (adj.) --- a registration fee / school fees transparent transparency (n.) transparently (adv.) --- transparent honesty / transparent glass pure purity (n.) purely (adv.) purify (v.) pure goodwill / by pure chance despair despairing (adj.) despairingly (adv.) --- in despair / despair of doing phrase phrasing (n.) phrasebook (n.) --- a set phrase / in simple phrases Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 1.（2022天津卷·阅读·改编）My stuttering had ____________ (weak) my self-confidence for years. 2.（2022北京卷·阅读·改编）It was that voice telling me one ____________ (phrases): "I can't." 3.（2025全国一卷·阅读·改编）Although these campaigns were ____________ (widely), the reality was quite different. 4.（2026山东济南·模拟）A serious illness can ____________ (weaker) the strongest body. 5.（2026广东广州·模拟）He felt ____________ (pessimism) about the road ahead. 6.（2026江苏南京·模拟）Nobody could ____________ (anticipation) how the year would end. 7.（2026浙江杭州·模拟）The ____________ (abnormality) silence of the empty ward was hard to bear. 8.（2026四川成都·模拟）His few ____________ (possess) fit into one small bag. 9.（2026湖北武汉·模拟）The kindness of strangers spread ____________ (wide) warmth through the hospital. 10.（2026河北石家庄·模拟）Doctors learned to ____________ (cooperation) as one team. 11.（2026福建厦门·模拟）No ____________ (fees) could buy the care the nurses gave. 12.（2026安徽合肥·模拟）What mattered was ____________ (transparency) honesty. 13.（2026陕西西安·模拟）She spoke with ____________ (purely) goodwill and no false hope. 14.（2026湖南长沙·模拟）Whenever ____________ (despairing) knocked at his heart, he remembered his mother. 15.（2026河南郑州·模拟）His mother's simple ____________ (phrases) calmed him down every time. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 漫长疾病会____________（削弱）最强壮的身体，有些日子病人对前路感到____________（悲观的），无法____________（预料）结局，病房里____________（反常的）寂静难熬。 他仅有的____________（财物）装进小包，善意却传播____________（广泛的）温暖；医护____________（合作）成队，任何____________（费用）买不来关怀。____________（坦诚的）真相带____________（纯粹的）善意；每当____________（绝望）来袭，母亲那句____________（话语）"一天一天来"将他拉回。 Part 7 关联阅读 When the doctor gave his report, the room seemed to hold its breath. A long illness had weakened a body that had once climbed mountains, and for weeks the patient could not shake a pessimistic mood. He tried not to anticipate the worst, but the abnormal silence of the hospital made every small sound feel loud. The nurses moved in soft shoes, and the machines beeped in quiet rhythms. One evening he counted the tiles on the ceiling and wondered how many more nights like this remained. His sister visited and told him not to count tiles but to count the days that were kind to him. He smiled for the first time in weeks, and the tiles stopped mattering. The doctors said patience was half the medicine, though they could not prescribe it. His possessions, gathered over forty years, fit into a single bag beside the bed: a worn watch, two books and a photograph. Yet the warmth around him was widespread. Neighbours he barely knew left soup at the door, and old colleagues sent letters from distant cities. The hospital staff learned to cooperate like a well-practised team, each nurse knowing what the other would do next. No fee could ever buy such care, the patient thought, though the bills still arrived each month. He kept the letters under the photograph and read one whenever the pain grew loud. What helped most was transparent honesty. His doctor explained the illness in plain words, with pure goodwill and no false hope. When despair came knocking, as it did on dark nights, the patient repeated his mother's simple phrase: one day at a time. The words were old and worn, but they worked. Slowly the muscles remembered their strength, and the gloomy forecast gave way to small victories: a few steps, then a whole corridor, then a garden bench. The man who had counted tiles now counted steps, and each one was a quiet triumph. He learned that life's lessons are often taught in the slow hours, and that hope, like a muscle, grows with use. 1. Why did the patient stop counting the tiles on the ceiling? A. He began to count the days that were kind to him. B. He had counted every tile in the room. C. The nurses asked him to stop counting. D. The tiles were repainted the next day. 2. What did the neighbours do when they heard about the illness? A. They visited him in hospital every day. B. They left soup at the door and old colleagues sent letters. C. They paid his hospital bills for him. D. They brought him a new watch. 3. What helped the patient most during the illness? A. The machines that beeped in quiet rhythms. B. The tiles he counted on the ceiling. C. Transparent honesty and his mother's simple phrase. D. The bills that arrived each month. 4. What is the main lesson of the passage? A. Hospitals should be quieter for patients. B. Money can buy the best medical care. C. Every illness ends with a full recovery. D. Hope, like a muscle, grows with use. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：weaken, pessimistic, anticipate, abnormal, possession, widespread, cooperate, fee, transparent, pure, despair, phrase Part 8 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达 1. The long illness made his body weaker and weaker. → The long illness ____________ed his body. 2. He held a sad and negative view of the future. → He held a ____________ view of the future. 3. We did not expect that the exam would be so difficult. → We did not ____________ that the exam would be so difficult. 4. The strange quiet of the empty room made everyone nervous. → The ____________ quiet of the empty room made everyone nervous. 5. All his belongings were packed into a single small bag. → All his ____________s were packed into a single small bag. 6. The love around the old man was felt in many places. → The love around the old man was ____________. 7. The two teams worked together to finish the project. → The two teams ____________d to finish the project. 8. There is a small charge for using the library. → There is a small ____________ for using the library. 9. The manager was honest and open about the difficulties. → The manager was ____________ about the difficulties. 10. Helping others gives her a completely joyful feeling. → Helping others gives her ____________ joy. 11. He cried in hopelessness when he lost the game. → He cried in ____________ when he lost the game. 12. "Never give up" is a saying that changed his life. → "Never give up" is a ____________ that changed his life. Part 9 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用12个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：weaken → pessimistic → anticipate → abnormal → possession → widespread → cooperate → fee → transparent → pure → despair → phrase 复述模板（填空）： 疾病____________（削弱）身体，病人____________（悲观的），无法____________（预料）结局，病房____________（反常的）寂静难熬。 仅有的____________（财物）装进小包，善意____________（广泛的）传播；医护____________（合作），____________（费用）买不来关怀。____________（坦诚的）真相带____________（纯粹的）善意；____________（绝望）来袭时，母亲那句____________（话语）将他拉回。 你的复述： __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $