UNIT 4 Humour 培优提能练(一)（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义聚焦语篇理解与语言运用核心知识点，涵盖记叙文（个人成长故事）、说明文（幽默的积极作用）、七选五（情绪调节方法）、完形填空（家庭影响叙事）及语法填空（文化遗产介绍），构建从语篇输入（细节、词义、主旨理解）到语言输出（补全、综合运用、语法规范）的学习支架。 资料以真实情境语篇为载体，通过分析Joan坚持梦想的故事培养思维品质（推理与评价），对比宋代“Mo He Le”与芭比娃娃渗透文化意识（中外文化理解），七选五提供冬季情绪调节策略提升学习能力（主动调适策略）。课中助力教师实施分层教学，课后帮助学生通过题型训练巩固语言能力，弥补知识盲点。

培优提能练(一) [分值：62.5分] Ⅰ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2024·天津高二下期末) Like many young women，Joan Molinsky dreamed of a career on stage，entertaining the masses.However，her parents were skeptical，despite their daughter’s success in a number of local talent contests.Eager to see her perform in a club setting，Dr.Molinsky had his comedian-wanna-be daughter booked at the family’s beach club，which is Joan’s first dinner engagement. Miss Molinsky started her act with a funny song，but the audience’s attention span lasted only as long as it took the dessert carts to visit their tables.In a matter of no time，the 300 people in attendance had resumed any and all conversations they’d had prior to the pretty’s introduction on stage. Heartbroken and ignored，Joan grounded her way through and uttered a polite “thank you” at the end of her final song.She burst into the nearby kitchen，teary-eyed with embarrassment.Her parents were also embarrassed and reinforced their belief that Joan had no future in entertainment. Dr.Molinsky told Joan to give up her dream of comedy and pursue a more realistic career choice.His daughter went ballistic. “I don’t care what you say！” She screamed at her father.“I do have talent.It’s my life.It’s my choice how I live it.” The fight eventually resulted in Joan moving out of her family’s home and taking up temporary work，while pursuing her dreams with a variety of troupes(剧团) and shows.Her dedication eventually led to a job in California as a writer and on-air “bait girl” for Candid Camera(《隐蔽摄像机》)． Despite her growing role on the show，host Allen Funt never could remember her first name，calling her everything from Jeri to Jeannie to Jackie.It was during her time with Candid Camera that Joan received a call from The Tonight Show.They wanted her to appear with Johnny Carson. Once on stage，Joan and Carson hit it off immediately.In the end，Carson wiped tears of laughter from his eyes and said aloud to his millions of viewers，“Oh，you’re funny.You’re going to be a star.” The next day，dozens of appearance offers flooded in from all over the country，putting Joan on comedy’s A-list.She also resigned from Candid Camera that day，much to the regret of an angry Funt.From that point on，no one would ever misidentify or underestimate Joan Rivers again. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了琼·莫林斯基Joan Molinsky想要成为喜剧明星，尽管遭受失败和挫折，但她也不放弃，为了自己的梦想不懈努力并最终获得成功的故事。 1．What was Joan’s first dinner engagement like? A．It made her famous overnight. B．She was constantly interrupted by the audience. C．The audience gave her a lasting encouragement. D．Few paid much attention to what she performed. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段首句“Heartbroken and ignored，Joan grounded her way through and uttered a polite ‘thank you’ at the end of her final song.”可知，在琼的第一次晚宴演出中，很少有人注意她的表演。故选D。 2．What does the underlined word “ballistic” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Confident. B．Excited. C．Angry. D．Compassionate. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词前文“Dr.Molinsky told Joan to give up her dream of comedy and pursue a more realistic career choice.”以及第五段“‘I don’t care what you say！’She screamed at her father.‘I do have talent.It’s my life.It’s my choice how I live it.’”可知，琼因为父亲让自己放弃喜剧梦想感到生气。故画线词意思是“生气的”。故选C。 3．How did Joan’s performance on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson change her career? A．She received negative reviews from the audience. B．She decided to quit comedy altogether. C．She became a star and received many offers. D．She was criticized for her lack of talent. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The next day，dozens of appearance offers flooded in from all over the country，putting Joan on comedy’s A-list.”可知，琼因为在《今夜秀》中的表演成了明星并收到了很多邀请。故选C。 4．What can we learn from Joan’s story? A．One should listen to parents’ advice. B．Don’t give up on your dreams easily. C．Success comes quickly if you do have talents. D．No one can achieve his dream without family support. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了琼·莫林斯基想要成为喜剧明星，尽管遭受失败和挫折，但她也不放弃，为了自己的梦想不懈努力并最终获得成功。可知，琼的故事告诉我们不要轻易放弃梦想。故选B。 B (2025·河南洛阳高二上月考) Humor has long been recognized for its positive effects，even in the darkest times.Laughter serves as a bridge，helping individuals get through pain.This is shown in Amy Herzog’s new play，Mary Jane.The play balances humor and heartbreak，providing a fresh idea on the trials of care-giving and the strength of the human spirit. Mary Jane tells the story of a single mother who raises her disabled son，Alex.The play explores friendship，unconditional motherly love，and hope and despair.Despite all the challenges she faces，Mary Jane’s life is filled with humor，offering the audience a brief respite(喘息) from her emotional trouble. The play focuses on the characters’ emotional and psychological experiences rather than the physical presence of Alex who is mostly hidden from the audience.This is achieved by showing the influence of Alex’s condition through the eyes of those who care for him.The audience feels the weight of his absence and his various needs，which take up most of Mary Jane’s life.Mary Jane tries hard to meet the demands of her job while managing her son’s constant medical needs.Her interactions with the supporting characters show the importance of community support and humor that help her fight with her daily struggles.One of the most moving parts of the play is that of Mary Jane’s interactions with other mothers of disabled children.They exchange advice，encourage and entertain each other with humor. Norman Cousins，a professor，recorded his recovery from a severe illness through daily laughter.Cousins discovered that ten minutes of genuine laughter had an anesthetic(麻醉的) effect and gave him at least two hours of pain-free sleep.His findings show humor’s physical and psychological benefits. Research also supports the importance of laughter and humor，showing that it can reduce stress，improve mood and resilience.Humor positively and directly affects people’s health.This indicates that humor could buffer against stress and improve overall mental health. 语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章主要通过介绍戏剧Mary Jane展现了幽默在困难时期的重要作用，以及幽默对人身心健康的好处。 5．Which words can best describe Mary Jane? A．Curious and sensitive. B．Loyal and hard-working. C．Careful and friendly. D．Strong and humorous. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Despite all the challenges she faces，Mary Jane’s life is filled with humor”和第三段中的“Mary Jane tries hard to meet the demands of her job while managing her son’s constant medical needs...humor that help her fight with her daily struggles.”可知，Mary Jane虽然面临很多挑战，但仍努力克服困难，她的生活充满了幽默，说明她坚强且幽默。故选D。 6．What can we learn from the play? A．The audience seldom sees Alex in the play. B．Mary Jane has no friends. C．Mary Jane never goes out to work. D．Mary Jane has a considerate husband. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The play focuses on the characters’ emotional and psychological experiences rather than the physical presence of Alex who is mostly hidden from the audience.”可知，观众在剧中很少看到Alex。故选A。 7．How did Cousins recover from his illness? A．By having plenty of exercise. B．By laughing a lot every day. C．By having a balanced diet. D．By taking lots of medicine. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Norman Cousins，a professor，recorded his recovery from a severe illness through daily laughter.Cousins discovered that ten minutes of genuine laughter had an anesthetic(麻醉的) effect and gave him at least two hours of pain-free sleep.”可知，Cousins是通过每天多笑来恢复健康的。故选B。 8．What is the purpose of the text? A．To advertise a new play. B．To provide humor in our daily life. C．To emphasize the importance of humor. D．To introduce the way to be humorous. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据第一段中的“Humor has long been recognized for its positive effects，even in the darkest times.”和最后一段中的“Research also supports the importance of laughter and humor，showing that it can reduce stress，improve mood and resilience.”可知，文章主要是想强调幽默的重要性。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2024·湖北荆门高二上期末) Tricks to Preparing for Winter Sadness Do you feel tired and sleepy easily in winter？Or do you experience a mood shift as it turns to winter？ 1 Actually，these common symptoms can be owing to Seasonal Affective Disorder，or SAD，a type of depression that typically arrives in winter because of the change of the seasons.Here are some recipes for you to predict its onset and ward it off. 　2　 There’s been a fair bit of research supporting light therapy(疗法) as being effective for seasonal kinds of depression.So don’t withdraw like the hibernating bear but walk outside to expose yourself to the sun every day. 3 Choose essential foods to boost mood. When the temperature drops，our body loses more heat and requires high-calorie food to supplement this loss. 4 Instead of giving in to such high carbs(碳水)，it is important to consume foods such as dark chocolate that can cheer you up. Engage in more social interaction. 5 Not only can it help you stay on track with regular activity but also stay connected，which furthermore lifts your spirits.After all，being alone is never consistent with your goal of getting rid of winter sadness. Too nervous to enter winter？Not every mild blue feeling in winter is SAD.It may be just a psychological response that everyone could experience seasonally.If winter comes，can spring be too far behind? A．If so，just lighten up. B．If not，it couldn’t be better! C．Work out on a regular basis to keep fit. D．Get outside regularly to absorb some light. E．But food merely containing carbs can make you feel more tired. F．Remember，even 20 or 30 minutes could make a huge difference. G．It is a great way to invite a friend or family member to support each other. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲了关于冬季季节性情绪障碍Seasonal Affective Disorder的预防方法。 1．答案　A 解析　前文提出了冬天来临的时候情绪是否会发生变化的问题，后文指出这些表现可能是由于SAD，并给出了应对方法。A选项“If so，just lighten up.”对前文的问题进行肯定回答，指出如果冬天来临时情绪有变化的话，要放轻松，可以引出下文的应对方法。故选A。 2．答案　D 解析　根据本段后文可知，本段强调要每天多出去走走，让自己多接触阳光。D选项“Get outside regularly to absorb some light.”概括本段主要内容，适合作小标题。故选D。 3．答案　F 解析　根据前文“So don’t withdraw like the hibernating bear but walk outside to expose yourself to the sun every day.”可知，要每天多出去走动晒太阳。F选项“Remember，even 20 or 30 minutes could make a huge difference.”承接前文，提出即使二三十分钟也会有效果，符合语境。故选F。 4．答案　E 解析　根据后文“Instead of giving in to such high carbs(碳水)，it is important to consume foods such as dark chocolate that can cheer you up.”可知，不要只吃高碳水食物，还要吃一些让自己振奋起来的食物。E选项“But food merely containing carbs can make you feel more tired.”与下文的“carbs(碳水)”形成呼应，且引出正确的做法。故选E。 5．答案　G 解析　根据本段小标题“Engage in more social interaction.”可知，本段的建议是参加更多的社交活动。G选项“It is a great way to invite a friend or family member to support each other.”指出可以通过邀请朋友和家人互相支持，与本段小标题呼应，符合语境。故选G。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2024·河北石家庄高二期中) Last summer，my family had a vacation that left a lasting impact on me.Our family is a tight-knit(关系紧密的) group，each member with their unique 1 .My mother stands out with her cheerful and humorous 2 .Her personality has a way of 3 any situation，making her the heart and soul of our adventures. During our journey，we 4 a situation that showed my mother’s kindness and humor.We had just arrived at a little town when we 5 a lost tourist looking bewildered(茫然的)．Most people would have walked by，but not my mom.She 6 the stranger with a warm smile and started a(n) 7 .Her sense of humor and friendliness 8 put the traveler at ease. As we listened to their conversation，I realized the importance of extending a helping hand to those in need，even to 9 .Finally with my mom’s help，the tourist reunited with her partners.It was a heartwarming moment that taught me the power of kindness，humor，and the beauty of human 10 . Throughout the trip，I 11 how my mother’s positive attitude and willingness to lend a hand made our journey smoother and more 12 .She taught me that life’s adventures are not just about the 13 but also discovering valuable life along the way. Looking back on，I 14 myself on having such a loving family.And the trip was such a 15 experience. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对去年夏天家庭度假的回忆，特别强调了母亲在旅行中的积极态度和善良、幽默的个性对作者的影响。 1．A.heights B．characteristics C．plans D．wealth 答案　B 解析　height高度；characteristic特点；plan计划；wealth财富。根据下文“My mother stands out with her cheerful and humorous______ .”介绍母亲的性格特点可知，作者想要说的是每个家庭成员都有独特的性格特点。故选B。 2．A.nature B．blood C．duty D．interest 答案　A 解析　nature性格，本性；blood血统；duty职责；interest兴趣。根据句中“cheerful and humorous”可知，此处说的是性格。故选A。 3．A.setting aside B．appealing to C．brightening up D．taking up 答案　C 解析　set aside留出；appeal to呼吁；brighten up使明亮，使愉快；take up开始从事。根据上文“cheerful and humorous”可推知，开朗幽默的母亲能使任何情况变得愉快。故选C。 4．A.foresaw B．evaluated C．created D．encountered 答案　D 解析　foresee预见；evaluate评估；create创造；encounter遇到。下文讲述了作者一家遇到一位迷路的游客，开朗幽默的母亲主动提供帮助的事情，所以他们“遇到”一个情况。故选D。 5．A.spotted B．accepted C．questioned D．dropped 答案　A 解析　spot看见；accept接受；question质疑；drop丢弃。根据上文“arrived at a little town”和“a lost tourist looking bewildered”可知，他们一到达小镇就看见一个迷路的游客。故选A。 6．A.prevented B．approached C．recognized D．impressed 答案　B 解析　prevent阻止；approach接近；recognize识别；impress使印象深刻。根据句中“Most people would have walked by，but not my mom.”可知，母亲没有像其他人一样走开，而是走近这个陌生人。故选B。 7．A.trouble B．silence C．conversation D．experiment 答案　C 解析　trouble麻烦；silence沉默；conversation交谈；experiment实验。根据下文“As we listened to their conversation”可知，母亲和陌生人开始交谈。故选C。 8．A.slightly B．hardly C．instantly D．truly 答案　C 解析　slightly稍微地；hardly几乎不；instantly立即地；truly真实地。结合常识和句中“Her sense of humor and friendliness”可推知，母亲的幽默和友善会让那位陌生人立刻放松下来。故选C。 9．A.neighbors B．co-workers C．producers D．strangers 答案　D 解析　neighbor邻居；co-worker同事；producer生产者；stranger陌生人。根据上文作者的母亲热情帮助迷路的陌生人可推知，此处指即使对陌生人，也要伸出援手。故选D。 10．A.qualification B．connection C．agreement D．responsibility 答案　D 解析　qualification资格；connection联系；agreement协定；responsibility责任。根据上文“I realized the importance of extending a helping hand to those in need”可推知，母亲让作者懂得了帮助需要帮助的人的重要性，这也可以理解为一种责任，所以作者明白了人类责任带来的美好。故选D。 11．A.expected B．explained C．regretted D．observed 答案　D 解析　expect预料；explain解释；regret后悔；observe注意到。根据句中“how my mother’s positive attitude and willingness to lend a hand made our journey smoother”可知，这是作者在整个旅途中看到的事情。故选D。 12．A.changeable B．normal C．enjoyable D．difficult 答案　C 解析　changeable易变的；normal正常的；enjoyable愉快的；difficult困难的。与形容词“smoother”是并列关系，说明母亲的“积极的态度和愿意伸出援手的意愿”带来的美好结果：“愉快的”旅程。故选C。 13．A.destinations B．devotion C．resistance D．predictions 答案　A 解析　destination目的地；devotion奉献；resistance抵抗；prediction预测。此处表示人生的旅途不只是关于目的地，还有对沿途宝贵经历的发现。along the way“沿途”与destination“目的地”是同范畴词。故选A。 14．A.press B．pride C．charge D．challenge 答案　B 解析　press压；pride以……为豪；charge收费；challenge挑战。根据上文作者对母亲的描述和句中“having such a loving family”可推知，作者为有这样的家庭感到自豪。故选B。 15．A.distant B．risky C．demanding D．memorable 答案　D 解析　distant遥远的；risky危险的；demanding要求高的；memorable难忘的。根据第一段中“Last summer，my family had a vacation that left a lasting impact on me.”可知，这次旅行是一次难忘的经历。故选D。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2024·江苏常州高二上期末) During the Song Dynasty，there was a beloved toy known as “Mo He Le”，1.___________________is praised as the “Barbie doll(芭比娃娃)” of its time.Mo He Le gained 2.____________(popular) on the traditional Chinese Qixi Festival,3._____________was widely sold.It was crafted mainly from wood and clay materials,4.____________(feature) complex details in body shape，facial expressions and hair.Some Mo He Le 5.___________(figure) even had fixed poses with a characteristic feature—holding lotus flowers and leaves in hands.It was not 6._________(common) for children to copy the appearance of these toys. With fashionable styles and diverse clothing，Barbie dolls 7.__________(attract) the attention of children throughout the world.8.__________(similar)，Mo He Le appealed to children with their unique styles and charming appearance.9._____________being made of a different material，Mo He Le succeeded in creating lifelike toys that stress children’s entertainment and imagination and played 10.______________essential role in the ancient times. 1．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 2．答案　popularity 解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，空处作gained的宾语，popular的名词形式popularity“流行，受欢迎”，为不可数名词，gain popularity表示“流行起来”，符合题意。故填popularity。 3．答案　and 解析　考查连词。分析句子可知，空处连接前后两个谓语成分，两者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 4．答案　featuring 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，feature在句中为非谓语动词，作伴随状语，与其逻辑主语It是主动关系，应用feature的现在分词形式。故填featuring。 5．答案　figures 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，此处figure“人，人物”是可数名词，前面有some修饰，应用其复数形式。故填figures。 6．答案　uncommon 解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处作表语，上文提到“磨喝乐”很受欢迎，再根据“for children to copy the appearance of these toys”可推知，此处指孩子们模仿这些玩具的外观并不“罕见”，common的反义词uncommon“罕见的，不寻常的”符合题意。故填uncommon。 7．答案　have attracted/have been attracting 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，结合句意可推知，时态可用现在完成时，表示动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，并且也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，会继续进行下去，主语Barbie dolls为复数，助动词用have。故填have attracted/have been attracting。 8．答案　Similarly 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空处修饰整个句子，结合句子所表示的情况和前一句相似可知，similar的副词形式similarly“相似地，同样”符合题意，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Similarly。 9．答案　Despite 解析　考查介词。空后为动名词短语，且与逗号后的句子表示相反的两方面，因此空处应用意为“尽管”的介词despite，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Despite。 10．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。根据空前“played”和空后“essential role in”可推知，此处用固定短语play a role in表示“在某事中起某种作用”，且essential的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $