2023届江苏扬州中学联培部考前模拟英语考试（英才E）

江苏省扬州中学联培部2023届三模考试 英语（英才E） 2023.5 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Films for you! A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving（1973） A true classic，this Peanuts cartoon gives many viewers a sense of nostalgia（怀旧）．Return to the iconic moment when Lucy pulls the football away from Charlie Brown right as he's about to kick it．Life is hard，but in this animated film，sweetness wins when the Peanuts group prepares a Thanksgiving feast，complete with jelly beans． Planes，Trains and Automobiles（1987） This John Hughes comedy starring Steve Martin and John Candy is already a Thanksgiving classic for many．Neal ends up rerouting the plane because of a snowstorm．Ashe struggles to find a way home for Thanksgiving，he gets stuck with extremely positive Del． One True Thing（1998） Meryl Streep was nominated（提名）for an Academy Award for her performance in this movie as a wife and mom who struggles with cancer．Renée Zellweger plays the grown daughter who has to come home to help with the holiday．The two try to hold the family together，especially during a tense Thanksgiving meal when guests get all the attention． The Gold Rush（1925） Charlie Chaplin as the Little Tramp eats his shoe for Thanksgiving dinner while trapped in a snowstorm in this endearing silent film classic fro m 1925．Watch this one if you're in the mood to see a leather shoe prepared and eaten as if it were a delicious turkey．It makes you grateful for what you have! 1．What could A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving remind many viewers of？ A．Birth of animated films． B．History of football games． C．Taste of jelly beans． D．Sweet memories of old days． 2．Which film best suits people who want to see a leather shoe eaten？ A．The Gold Rush． B．A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving C．One True Thing． D．Planes，Trains and Automobiles． 3．What do these four films have in common？ A．They are related to Thanksgiving． B．They tell interesting family stories． C．They describe the holiday activities． D．They are based on the authors' own life． B My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me. One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began. A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence. I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action. 4．What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety? A．Her inability to act her age. B．Her habit of consumption. C．Her desire to be perfect. D．Her lack of inspiration. 5．How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice? A．She decided to do something for nature. B．She tasted the sweetness of friendship. C．She learned about the harm of desire. D．She built up her courage to speak up. 6．The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________. A．intelligent B．confident C．innovative D．critical 7．What can we learn from this passage? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Patience is a cure of anxiety. C．Action is worry’s worst enemy. D．Everything comes to those who wait. C By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study. At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance. Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.” And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain. Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.” 8．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A．The various patterns at the ocean surface. B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour. C．The way light reflects off marine organisms. D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton. 9．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial. C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable. 10．What can we learn from the passage? A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem. B．Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes. C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate. D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener. 11．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes. B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain. C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans. D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton. D One of the improv (即兴表演) classes I attended regularly was taught by Jim Cranna every Saturday afternoon. Sometimes, as many as twenty-five to sixty-plus folks showed up. Jim made sure to fit everyone in so they could improve their skills. The class lasted for three hours. The usual cast of comic actors played improv comedy games. And we would go to the nearest mini market located in the building and get a snack or coffee during breaks. One day three of us were standing outside the building, when Robin Williams - an internationally famous actor and comic walked by, enjoying the fresh bay air. Completely frozen, my fellow comics couldn’t summon up the courage to just say “hi” to Robin, who was with a friend. I froze for a moment, but then I composed myself. I told them, “Hey, if you guys can’t handle it, then I will ask him to come and join us for the second half of class.” I could hear them mumble under their breath, “Yeah, sure, right. You’re going to ask Robin Williams to come to our comedy class. Good luck with that one!” So I went up to Robin and his friend and asked him to join us.“We’re having an improv comedy class. We’re on break now, but we would be most humbled and honored if you would join us for the second half of the class.”Robin looked directly in my eyes and said with little hesitation, “Okay.”It was like a grown-up child being asked to come and play. With that, he and his friend followed me up to the class. When he saw Robin, Jim said, “Oh my goodness, look who Micheline is bringing to class.” Jim’s eyes were all reddening in astonishment and delight. “Why, it’s Robin Williams!” Robin and his friend stayed the rest of the class and at the end of the classes, Robin and Jim performed a skit (滑稽短剧). We actually watched him shape-shift as he prepared physically and mentally for his made-up character. He gave it his all. It was truly magical. What a delight for all of us that Saturday afternoon! All I know is that if I hadn’t mustered up the courage to ask Robin to join us, none of us would have had that experience. 12．What did the author want to show by telling the experience? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．It’s never too late to mend. C．A brave attempt is half success. D．Actions speak louder than words. 13．What does the underlined word “compose” mean in paragraph 2? A．Look down. B．Make up. C．Pick up. D．Calm down. 14．What did Robin Williams do in our class? A．He performed a romantic comedy with his friend. B．He went to great lengths to look serious and rigid. C．He impressed us with his wonderful performance. D．He gave a lecture on playing improv comedy games. 15．What kind of person was Robin Williams most likely to be? A．Strict but helpful. B．Popular but vain. C．Outgoing but sensitive. D．Well-known but approachable. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Happiness is work in progress but everyone' s process is different . Many people blame their own  unhappiness on uncontrollable circumstances , situations or other people. 16 No one can take away your happiness without your permission. Here are a few things that any of us can start doing to feel more happiness in our lives. Find flow experiences 17 Being consumed by a task or activity, where nothing else matters, is a state of being called Flow. To experience happiness without pursuing it, embrace daily happy habits. When your brain builds expectations about what will make you happy, it begins to adjust itself to seek more happy habits. Express gratitude People who are grateful feel better about themselves and they also show higher levels of happiness. Gratitude can help us feel more connected to the world around us. 18 People who intentionally cultivate gratitude show greater neural sensitivity in the medial prefrontal cortex, a brain region associated with learning, rational thinking, and decision making. Develop meaningful relationships Good social relationships are the most consistent predictor of a happy life. Satisfying relationships not only make people happy, but they also associated with better health and even longer life. 19 When they are positive we feel happiness, contentment, and calm. When relationships bring out the worst in us or they are non-existent, we feel anxious, depressed, and lonely. Live in the moment It’s extremely hard to be happy when you spend most of your time worrying about the past or living in fear of the future. Life is unfolding, but we are too occupied to notice. 20 The simple things are the most extraordinary things that sometimes make life easy to manage. A．So, enjoy the little joys in life when you find them. B．Practicing it can also help make changes in our brains. C．But the truth is that our happiness is our own responsibility. D．It is a state of active, open, intentional attention on the present. E．Besides, they are connected to some of our strongest emotions. F．Have you ever lost yourself in something so much that you lost track of time? G．Every day presents an opportunity to try something that can make you grateful. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My father was the gentlest, most loving dad in the world ——until we had an argument. During those moments, he transformed into a 21 man. My words never reached his “open mind” because his ears were 22 .He spoke with such 23 that it was easy to begin to doubt my own point of view. He always had the last 24 .I could never win. So when he denied my senior class trip to Montreal, I could do nothing but race from his room in 25 And a thought just struck me. If I couldn’t get him to listen to my side of our arguments, maybe I could get him to 26 it. With the hope that his eyes would be more open than his ears, I began to write a note that began “Dear Daddy” and 27 with how much I respected his opinion, how much I hated to fight with him and, 28 how much I loved him. I folded my note into an envelope, 29 it under the door of his bedroom and raced back to my own room where I 30 on my bed. It was only minutes 31 I heard a knock at my door. Seeing the look on my father’s face, I knew my note 32 his temper and touched his heart. The victory of winning my dad’s permission was sweet. 33 , even sweeter was the discovery of a strategy that enabled me to have an argument with my dad that didn’t end in tears, but instead with a hug. My “Dear Daddy” notes became a 34 to many of our arguments. When his “I’m your father, that’s why!” left me 35 , I knew just how to get through to him. 21．A．cautious B．stubborn C．sensitive D．passive 22．A．masked B．struck C．shut D．folded 23．A．authority B．emotion C．enthusiasm D．dignity 24．A．straw B．word C．chance D．minute 25．A．confusion B．fright C．surprise D．despair 26．A．record B．hear C．review D．read 27．A．wound up B．made up C．sprang up D．dried up 28．A．in all B．at all C．above all D．after all 29．A．covered B．slid C．attached D．lay 30．A．collapsed B．suffered C．cried D．panicked 31．A．after B．when C．since D．before 32．A．lost B．melted C．froze D．kept 33．A．Therefore B．Anyway C．However D．Instead 34．A．follow-up B．make-up C．pick-up D．break-up 35．A．worthless B．restless C．speechless D．senseless 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面知文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the specific definition of a zero energy building is an energy-efficient building 36 , on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal 37 the on-site renewable exported energy. It harvests solar energy using panels installed on the roof. When there is 38 (sufficient) solar energy, the building will draw energy from the power grid. Over the course of the year, 39 amount of energy taken from the grid will be zero, achieving net-zero energy consumption. Net-Zero Energy (NZE) buildings are a response to rapidly 40   (rise) energy prices and urgency to take action regarding climate change. Currently, the development of several technologies critical to the support of NZE buildings 41 (advance) rapidly, namely PV panel efficiency, appliance efficiency and increased lighting efficiency. The NZE concept can be applied not only to individual buildings but also to groups of buildings 42 (serve) by a renewable energy system. One 43 (limit) of the NZE concept is that, at present energy consumption levels, it is very difficult to apply to single story buildings and virtually impossible to a multi-story building, unless wide site area is available for PV systems. 44 there are difficulties in implementation, it appears that NZE marks a major shift in high-performance green buildings, which combines extreme energy conservation and efficiency with renewable energy systems 45 (produce) buildings that are energy self-sufficient. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46．假定你是高三学生李华，学校环保社社长。近期，你打算在学校开展一次“减塑”(Less Plastic) 社团活动。请你给王校长写一封申请信，内容包括：1. 社团活动的时间和地点；2. 社会活动的内容。 Dear Mr. Wang, I am Li Hua, the leader of the Environment Protection Club. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “I wish my mother had a ring like those the ladies wear at the hotel,” said Hiram Green to himself one day. Hiram was the son of a fisherman, but the fisherman had died when Hiram was a little boy. Hiram’s mother took on sewing work to earn money to support herself and her son. He helped her when he could re out of school hours, and during vacation time. He had two uncles who had taught him how to catch shrimps. With the money he earned by selling them he could buy things for his own use or pleasure. He had a “bank” almost full of what he called his “shrimp money.” The sight of the flashing diamonds on the hands of some of the summer visitors at the fishing village in which he lived had added a new article to the list of beautiful things his mother would own someday. He had heard that just one single diamond was sometimes worth five hundred dollars or more. This had discouraged him very much. But one day, he happened to pass a shop in the neighboring town and saw a number of diamond rings displayed in the window. He stopped fascinated, and pressed his face against the glass eagerly to see if any prices were marked upon them. Imagine his surprise when he saw upon the largest one a tag marked $4.75. He looked again to see if he had made a mistake. Perhaps it was $475. But no, he knew enough about figures to see that he was right the first time. He went home as fast as he could, and ran up into his bedroom. Then, he opened his “bank” and counted its contents. “Three dollars and twenty-two cents!” he cried. “I’ll have that ring before another week.” Hiram worked early and late for the next few days. He caught more shrimps than he had ever caught in the same length of time, and sold them readily. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At the end of the week he had the sum he desired. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Years after, Hiram learned what he had bought was in fact only glass, and he decided to tell his mother. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第10页，共11页 试卷第11页，共11页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省扬州中学联培部2023届三模考试 英语（英才E） 2023.5 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Films for you! A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving（1973） A true classic，this Peanuts cartoon gives many viewers a sense of nostalgia（怀旧）．Return to the iconic moment when Lucy pulls the football away from Charlie Brown right as he's about to kick it．Life is hard，but in this animated film，sweetness wins when the Peanuts group prepares a Thanksgiving feast，complete with jelly beans． Planes，Trains and Automobiles（1987） This John Hughes comedy starring Steve Martin and John Candy is already a Thanksgiving classic for many．Neal ends up rerouting the plane because of a snowstorm．Ashe struggles to find a way home for Thanksgiving，he gets stuck with extremely positive Del． One True Thing（1998） Meryl Streep was nominated（提名）for an Academy Award for her performance in this movie as a wife and mom who struggles with cancer．Renée Zellweger plays the grown daughter who has to come home to help with the holiday．The two try to hold the family together，especially during a tense Thanksgiving meal when guests get all the attention． The Gold Rush（1925） Charlie Chaplin as the Little Tramp eats his shoe for Thanksgiving dinner while trapped in a snowstorm in this endearing silent film classic fro m 1925．Watch this one if you're in the mood to see a leather shoe prepared and eaten as if it were a delicious turkey．It makes you grateful for what you have! 1．What could A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving remind many viewers of？ A．Birth of animated films． B．History of football games． C．Taste of jelly beans． D．Sweet memories of old days． 2．Which film best suits people who want to see a leather shoe eaten？ A．The Gold Rush． B．A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving C．One True Thing． D．Planes，Trains and Automobiles． 3．What do these four films have in common？ A．They are related to Thanksgiving． B．They tell interesting family stories． C．They describe the holiday activities． D．They are based on the authors' own life． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 【知识点】电影与戏剧、说明文 【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者向读者推荐了几部与感恩节有关的电影。 【详解】1．细节理解题。由文章中“A true classic，this Peanuts cartoon gives many viewers a sense of nostalgia．”（一部真正的经典片，这部花生漫画的动画片给很多观众一种怀旧感。）以及后面的“Life is hard，but in this animated film，sweetness wins”（生活是艰难的，但是在这部电影中，还是以甜蜜为主。）可知这是一部甜蜜的怀旧动画片。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Watch this one if you're in the mood to see a leather shoe prepared and eaten as if it were a delicious turkey．”（如果你想看一只皮鞋被准备好然后吃掉，好像它是一只美味的火鸡一样，可以看这部。）可知，在The Gold Rush中能看到皮鞋被吃。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“a Thanksgiving feast”；第二段“for Thanksgiving”；第三段“a tense Thanksgiving meal”和第四段“Thanksgiving dinner”可推断，每一部电影内容都和Thanksgiving 有关。故选A项。 B My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me. One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began. A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence. I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action. 4．What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety? A．Her inability to act her age. B．Her habit of consumption. C．Her desire to be perfect. D．Her lack of inspiration. 5．How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice? A．She decided to do something for nature. B．She tasted the sweetness of friendship. C．She learned about the harm of desire. D．She built up her courage to speak up. 6．The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________. A．intelligent B．confident C．innovative D．critical 7．What can we learn from this passage? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Patience is a cure of anxiety. C．Action is worry’s worst enemy. D．Everything comes to those who wait. 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 【知识点】记叙文、个人经历、生活故事 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。 【详解】4．细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选C项。 5．细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“ Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Youth for Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。 C By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study. At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance. Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.” And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain. Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.” 8．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? A．The various patterns at the ocean surface. B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour. C．The way light reflects off marine organisms. D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton. 9．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial. C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable. 10．What can we learn from the passage? A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem. B．Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes. C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate. D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener. 11．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes. B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain. C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans. D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 【知识点】气候、自然地理 【分析】本文为一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象的原因是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，现在浮游植物受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，让浮游植物的生长更加旺盛，所以海洋相应会变得更蓝、更绿。 【详解】8．主旨大意题。根据第一段By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第二段At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。故选B。 9．猜测词义题。根据划线词后的Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，也就是很敏感。故A项正确。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.可知，Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了。由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。故D项正确。 11．主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，接下来详细讲述了原因。故C项正确。 D One of the improv (即兴表演) classes I attended regularly was taught by Jim Cranna every Saturday afternoon. Sometimes, as many as twenty-five to sixty-plus folks showed up. Jim made sure to fit everyone in so they could improve their skills. The class lasted for three hours. The usual cast of comic actors played improv comedy games. And we would go to the nearest mini market located in the building and get a snack or coffee during breaks. One day three of us were standing outside the building, when Robin Williams - an internationally famous actor and comic walked by, enjoying the fresh bay air. Completely frozen, my fellow comics couldn’t summon up the courage to just say “hi” to Robin, who was with a friend. I froze for a moment, but then I composed myself. I told them, “Hey, if you guys can’t handle it, then I will ask him to come and join us for the second half of class.” I could hear them mumble under their breath, “Yeah, sure, right. You’re going to ask Robin Williams to come to our comedy class. Good luck with that one!” So I went up to Robin and his friend and asked him to join us.“We’re having an improv comedy class. We’re on break now, but we would be most humbled and honored if you would join us for the second half of the class.”Robin looked directly in my eyes and said with little hesitation, “Okay.”It was like a grown-up child being asked to come and play. With that, he and his friend followed me up to the class. When he saw Robin, Jim said, “Oh my goodness, look who Micheline is bringing to class.” Jim’s eyes were all reddening in astonishment and delight. “Why, it’s Robin Williams!” Robin and his friend stayed the rest of the class and at the end of the classes, Robin and Jim performed a skit (滑稽短剧). We actually watched him shape-shift as he prepared physically and mentally for his made-up character. He gave it his all. It was truly magical. What a delight for all of us that Saturday afternoon! All I know is that if I hadn’t mustered up the courage to ask Robin to join us, none of us would have had that experience. 12．What did the author want to show by telling the experience? A．Every cloud has a silver lining. B．It’s never too late to mend. C．A brave attempt is half success. D．Actions speak louder than words. 13．What does the underlined word “compose” mean in paragraph 2? A．Look down. B．Make up. C．Pick up. D．Calm down. 14．What did Robin Williams do in our class? A．He performed a romantic comedy with his friend. B．He went to great lengths to look serious and rigid. C．He impressed us with his wonderful performance. D．He gave a lecture on playing improv comedy games. 15．What kind of person was Robin Williams most likely to be? A．Strict but helpful. B．Popular but vain. C．Outgoing but sensitive. D．Well-known but approachable. 【答案】12．C 13．D 14．C 15．D 【知识点】学校生活、记叙文、个人经历 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次经历，作者在上即兴表演课程时，在休息的偶遇著名的喜剧演员并鼓起勇气邀请他来为作者他们上喜剧课。 12．推理判断题。根据文章大意可知，作者和同学们偶遇著名喜剧演员却都不敢上前打招呼，最后作者鼓起勇气开口打招呼，并邀请这名喜剧演员为他们上戏剧课。结果该喜剧演员不仅同意了作者的请求，还给了他们精彩的表演。由此推知，文章想告诉我们的是尝试就有可能成功。A. Every cloud has a silver lining黑暗中总有一线光明；B. It’s never too late to mend亡羊补牢，犹未晚也；C. A brave attempt is half success勇敢的尝试是成功的一半；D. Actions speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩。故选C。 13．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“I froze for a moment,(我愣了一会儿)”以及下一句“I told them, “Hey, if you guys can’t handle it, then I will ask him to come and join us for the second half of class.”(我告诉他们，“嘿，如果你们搞不定，那我就叫他来和我们一起上下半节课。”)”可知，作者一开始也不太敢上前邀请Robin，但是后来还是开口了，说明作者是稳定了一下情绪。由此推知，划线词compose与calm down(镇定)意思接近。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段“Robin and his friend stayed the rest of the class and at the end of the classes, Robin and Jim performed a skit (滑稽短剧). We actually watched him shape-shift as he prepared physically and mentally for his made-up character. He gave it his all. It was truly magical.( Robin和他的朋友留下来上了剩下的课，在课结束时，Robin和Jim表演了一个滑稽短剧。我们真的看到了他在身体和精神上为他虚构的角色做准备时的变化。他为此尽了全力。这真的很神奇)”可知，作者及其同学们对Robin的表演印象很深刻。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“One day three of us were standing outside the building, when Robin Williams - an internationally famous actor and comic walked by, enjoying the fresh bay air.(有一天，我们三个人站在大楼外面，国际著名演员兼喜剧演员Robin Williams走过，享受着海湾的新鲜空气)”可知，Robin Williams很出名；再根据第三段“Robin looked directly in my eyes and said with little hesitation, “Okay.”(Robin直视着我的眼睛，毫不犹豫地说：“好的。”)”可知，Robin是个平易近人的人。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Happiness is work in progress but everyone' s process is different . Many people blame their own  unhappiness on uncontrollable circumstances , situations or other people. 16 No one can take away your happiness without your permission. Here are a few things that any of us can start doing to feel more happiness in our lives. Find flow experiences 17 Being consumed by a task or activity, where nothing else matters, is a state of being called Flow. To experience happiness without pursuing it, embrace daily happy habits. When your brain builds expectations about what will make you happy, it begins to adjust itself to seek more happy habits. Express gratitude People who are grateful feel better about themselves and they also show higher levels of happiness. Gratitude can help us feel more connected to the world around us. 18 People who intentionally cultivate gratitude show greater neural sensitivity in the medial prefrontal cortex, a brain region associated with learning, rational thinking, and decision making. Develop meaningful relationships Good social relationships are the most consistent predictor of a happy life. Satisfying relationships not only make people happy, but they also associated with better health and even longer life. 19 When they are positive we feel happiness, contentment, and calm. When relationships bring out the worst in us or they are non-existent, we feel anxious, depressed, and lonely. Live in the moment It’s extremely hard to be happy when you spend most of your time worrying about the past or living in fear of the future. Life is unfolding, but we are too occupied to notice. 20 The simple things are the most extraordinary things that sometimes make life easy to manage. A．So, enjoy the little joys in life when you find them. B．Practicing it can also help make changes in our brains. C．But the truth is that our happiness is our own responsibility. D．It is a state of active, open, intentional attention on the present. E．Besides, they are connected to some of our strongest emotions. F．Have you ever lost yourself in something so much that you lost track of time? G．Every day presents an opportunity to try something that can make you grateful. 【答案】16．C 17．F 18．B 19．E 20．A 【知识点】方法/策略、日常生活 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何让我们的生活更快乐的一些方法。 16．根据空后“No one can take away your happiness without your permission. (没有你的允许，没有人能夺走你的幸福。)”可知，幸福是由自己来决定的。选项C“But the truth is that our happiness is our own responsibility.(但事实是我们的幸福是我们自己的责任。)”与下文内容一致。故选C。 17．根据空后“Being consumed by a task or activity, where nothing else matters, is a state of being called Flow.(沉浸在某一个任务或活动之中，其他都不重要，这是一种被称为流的状态。)”可知，所谓流的状态指的是沉浸在某一件事中。选项F“Have you ever lost yourself in something so much that you lost track of time?(你是否曾经在某件事上太过迷失自己以至于忘记了时间？)”与下文内容一致，引出了下文对“Flow”这一概念的解释。故选F。 18．根据上文“Gratitude can help us feel more connected to the world around us.(感恩能让我们与周围的世界更紧密地联系在一起。)”可知，上文讲的是感恩的对社交的好处；而空后“People who intentionally cultivate gratitude show greater neural sensitivity in the medial prefrontal cortex, a brain region associated with learning, rational thinking, and decision making. (有意培养感恩的人在内侧前额叶皮层表现出更强的神经敏感性，这是一个与学习、理性思考和决策相关的大脑区域。)”指出培养感恩给大脑带来的改变。选项B“Practicing it can also help make changes in our brains. (练习它也有助于改变我们的大脑。)”承上启下，“also”暗示上文讲的是感恩的好处，同时又引出下文对大脑的好处，符合上下文。故选B。 19．根据空前“Satisfying relationships not only make people happy, but they also associated with better health and even longer life.(令人满意的人际关系不仅让人快乐，还能让人更健康，甚至更长寿。)”可知，上文讲的是令人满意的人际关系给身体上带来的好处；而空后“When they are positive we feel happiness, contentment, and calm. When relationships bring out the worst in us or they are non-existent, we feel anxious, depressed, and lonely.(当他们是积极的，我们感到幸福，满足和平静。当一段关系把我们最坏的一面展现出来或者根本不存在时，我们就会感到焦虑、沮丧和孤独。)”则讲述了良好的人际关系带来的情绪上的影响。选项E“Besides, they are connected to some of our strongest emotions.(此外，它们与我们一些最强烈的情感有关。)”与下文内容一致。故选E。 20．根据空后的“The simple things are the most extraordinary things that sometimes make life easy to manage.(简单的事情往往是最不平凡的事情，有时会使生活变得容易管理。)”可知，下文指的是生活中的简单小事很重要。选项A“So, enjoy the little joys in life when you find them.(所以，当你发现生活中的小快乐时，就好好享受吧。)”与下文内容一致，符合文意。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My father was the gentlest, most loving dad in the world ——until we had an argument. During those moments, he transformed into a 21 man. My words never reached his “open mind” because his ears were 22 .He spoke with such 23 that it was easy to begin to doubt my own point of view. He always had the last 24 .I could never win. So when he denied my senior class trip to Montreal, I could do nothing but race from his room in 25 And a thought just struck me. If I couldn’t get him to listen to my side of our arguments, maybe I could get him to 26 it. With the hope that his eyes would be more open than his ears, I began to write a note that began “Dear Daddy” and 27 with how much I respected his opinion, how much I hated to fight with him and, 28 how much I loved him. I folded my note into an envelope, 29 it under the door of his bedroom and raced back to my own room where I 30 on my bed. It was only minutes 31 I heard a knock at my door. Seeing the look on my father’s face, I knew my note 32 his temper and touched his heart. The victory of winning my dad’s permission was sweet. 33 , even sweeter was the discovery of a strategy that enabled me to have an argument with my dad that didn’t end in tears, but instead with a hug. My “Dear Daddy” notes became a 34 to many of our arguments. When his “I’m your father, that’s why!” left me 35 , I knew just how to get through to him. 21．A．cautious B．stubborn C．sensitive D．passive 22．A．masked B．struck C．shut D．folded 23．A．authority B．emotion C．enthusiasm D．dignity 24．A．straw B．word C．chance D．minute 25．A．confusion B．fright C．surprise D．despair 26．A．record B．hear C．review D．read 27．A．wound up B．made up C．sprang up D．dried up 28．A．in all B．at all C．above all D．after all 29．A．covered B．slid C．attached D．lay 30．A．collapsed B．suffered C．cried D．panicked 31．A．after B．when C．since D．before 32．A．lost B．melted C．froze D．kept 33．A．Therefore B．Anyway C．However D．Instead 34．A．follow-up B．make-up C．pick-up D．break-up 35．A．worthless B．restless C．speechless D．senseless 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C 【知识点】家人和亲人 、夹叙夹议 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。在与父亲吵架之前，作者认为父亲是世界上最温柔、最充满关怀的人。然而两人激烈地吵架以后，父亲变得固执、难沟通，作者通过给父亲写小纸条，发现这是一个与父亲平心静气沟通并说服父亲支持自己的想法的好办法。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那段日子里，他变成了一个很固执的人。A. cautious谨慎的；B. stubborn固执的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. passive被动的；消极的；根据下文“My words never reached his “open mind”(我的话从来都打不动他那豁达的心胸)”可知父亲变得固执，故选B项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的话从来都打不动他那豁达的心胸因为他对我的话充耳不闻。A. masked罩住；B. struck击打；C. shut关上；D. folded折叠；作者形象地描述父亲的耳朵被关上了，作者的话之所以说不动父亲，是因为他根本都不听，故选C项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说话如此居高临下，动不动就质疑我自己的观点。A. authority专断；权威；B. emotion情绪；C. enthusiasm热情；D. dignity高贵；根据下文“He always had the last word.I could never win.(他总是最后说了算，我从来都赢不了)”可知父亲比较专断，故选A项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他总是最后说了算，我从来都赢不了。A. straw稻草；B. word话语；C. chance改变；D. minute分钟；根据下文“I could never win.(我从来都赢不了)”可以推理出作者的话比不过父亲的话，父亲总是最后说了算，故选B项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当他拒绝了我去蒙特利尔的高级班研学之旅的时候，我别无选择只能绝望地冲出他的房子，这个时候有个想法映入我的脑海。A. confusion混乱；B. fright害怕；C. surprise吃惊；D. despair绝望；由上文可知，父亲对他的话充耳不闻，拒绝了他的想法，所以作者只能冲出房子，感到很绝望，故选D项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我无法让他倾听我这一边的观点，或许我可以让他读。A. record记录；B. hear听见；C. review复习；回顾；D. read读；根据下文“With the hope that his eyes would be more open than his ears, I began to write a note(带着一丝他的眼睛要比他的耳朵更开明的想法，我开始写一张小纸条)”可以推理出作者是希望写张纸条让父亲读，故选D项。 27．考查动词固定搭配辨析。句意：带着一丝他的眼睛要比他的耳朵更开明的想法，我开始写一张小纸条，结尾写道我多么尊重他的观点、多么后悔和他吵架，最重要的是多么爱他。A. wound up以……结束；B. made up编造；化妆；C. sprang up迅速出现；D. dried up干涸；根据下文“I folded my note into an envelope(我把便条折叠放进信封)”可知便条已经写完了，所以前面表达的意思应该是“以……结束”，故选A项。 28．考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. in all总共；B. at all根本；C. above all最重要的是；D. after all毕竟；由上文可知作者打算用感情打动自己的父亲，他在便条结尾处写了尊重父亲的观点、后悔和他吵架以及很爱自己的父亲，这三者里面最后一点应该是最重要的，故选C项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把便条折叠放进信封，悄悄地从他的卧室门下面塞进去然后冲回我的房间，躺在床上。A. covered覆盖；B. slid悄悄地移动；C. attached粘；贴；D. lay放；根据下文“under the door of his bedroom(从卧室门底下)”可知作者没有把便条当面给父亲，而是悄悄地塞进门缝，故选B项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. collapsed坍塌；（工作劳累后）躺下；B. suffered遭受；C. cried哭；D. panicked惊恐；恐慌；由上文可知作者写完了便条并从门缝塞进了父亲的卧室，如释重负，再根据下文“on the bed(在床上)”可知作者舒服地躺在了床上，故选A项。 31．考查连词词义辨析。句意：过了没几分钟，我就听见一阵敲门声。A. after之后；B. when当……时候；C. since自从；D. before之前；It is/was + 时间 before 为固定搭配，意思为：过了……时间以后，故选D项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他脸上的表情，我知道我的便条化解了他的脾气，触动了他的心。A. lost丢失；B. melted融化；C. froze冻僵；D. kept保持；根据下文“touched his heart.(触动了他的心)”可知作者写的便条起了作用，父亲的脾气已经被化解了，故选B项。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：获得了父亲的允许的胜利是很令人愉快的，然而更为令人愉快的是我发现了一个和父亲理论以拥抱而不是掉眼泪终结的办法。A. Therefore因此；B. Anyway无论如何；C. However然而；D. Instead相反；分析前后句可知作者采用了对比的手法，把前后句进行对比，加强后一句的语气，这是however 的用法，故选C项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的“亲爱的爸爸”便条成为了许多次我们吵架之后紧跟着就做的事情。A. follow-up后续事物；B. make-up化妆；C. pick-up提取；搭便车；D. break-up破裂；根据下文“many of our arguments(我们多次吵架)”可知后来作者和父亲吵架后会随之写便条缓和关系，故选A项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当他那句“我是你爸爸，这就是原因”让我无言以对的时候，我知道如何让他理解我。A. worthless无价值的；B. restless焦躁不安的；C. speechless无言以对的；D. senseless无知的；根据上文“I’m your father, that’s why!( 我是你爸爸，这就是原因)”可知作者的父亲以父亲的身份居高临下，对作者的话充耳不闻，变得很固执，使作者无言以对，故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面知文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the specific definition of a zero energy building is an energy-efficient building 36 , on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal 37 the on-site renewable exported energy. It harvests solar energy using panels installed on the roof. When there is 38 (sufficient) solar energy, the building will draw energy from the power grid. Over the course of the year, 39 amount of energy taken from the grid will be zero, achieving net-zero energy consumption. Net-Zero Energy (NZE) buildings are a response to rapidly 40   (rise) energy prices and urgency to take action regarding climate change. Currently, the development of several technologies critical to the support of NZE buildings 41 (advance) rapidly, namely PV panel efficiency, appliance efficiency and increased lighting efficiency. The NZE concept can be applied not only to individual buildings but also to groups of buildings 42 (serve) by a renewable energy system. One 43 (limit) of the NZE concept is that, at present energy consumption levels, it is very difficult to apply to single story buildings and virtually impossible to a multi-story building, unless wide site area is available for PV systems. 44 there are difficulties in implementation, it appears that NZE marks a major shift in high-performance green buildings, which combines extreme energy conservation and efficiency with renewable energy systems 45 (produce) buildings that are energy self-sufficient. 【答案】 36．where 37．to 38．insufficient 39．the 40．Rising 41．is advancing 42．served 43．limitation 44．Though/Although/While 45．to produce 【知识点】科学技术 、建筑 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零能耗建筑的定义以及其支撑技术和存在意义。 【详解】36．考查定语从句。句意：根据美国能源部的定义，零能耗建筑的具体定义是，在源能源基础上，实际年交付能源小于或等于现场可再生能源输出的节能建筑。本句为定语从句，先行词为an energy-efficient building，关系词在定语从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 37．考查介词。句意：根据美国能源部的定义，零能耗建筑的具体定义是，在源能源基础上，实际年交付能源小于或等于现场可再生能源输出的节能建筑。短语be equal to，意为“与……相等”。故填to。 38．考查形容词。句意：当太阳能不足时，建筑将从电网中获取能量。修饰名词solar energy，用形容词作定语。根据下文的“the building will draw energy from the power grid”可知，只有太阳能不足的时候，才需要从电网中获取能量。故填insufficient。 39．考查冠词。句意：在这一年中，从电网获取的能量将为零，实现能源净零消耗。特指从电网获取的能量，用定冠词the，the amount of，意为“……的数量”。故填the。 40．考查形容词。句意：NZE建筑是对快速上涨的能源价格和对气候变化采取行动的紧迫性的回应。根据空后的“energy prices”可知，空处为形容词作定语，表示“上涨的”。故填rising。 41．考查时态。句意：目前，对支撑NZE建筑至关重要的几项技术正在迅速发展，即光伏板效率、电器效率和提高照明效率。本句缺少谓语动词，根据上下文以及状语“currently”可判断时态为现在进行时；主语为the development，谓语动词用单数。故填is advancing。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：NZE的概念不仅适用于单个建筑，也适用于由可再生能源系统服务的建筑群。分析句子成分可知，这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“groups of buildings”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填served。 43．考查名词。句意：NZE概念的一个局限性是，在目前的能源消耗水平下，它很难应用于单层建筑，几乎不可能应用于多层建筑，除非有广阔的场地面积可用于光伏系统。分析句子成分和One可知，空处为单数名词形式，在句中作主语。故填limitation。 44．考查连词。句意：尽管在实施过程中存在困难，但NZE似乎标志着高性能绿色建筑的重大转变，它将极端节能和效率与可再生能源系统结合起来，生产出能源自给自足的建筑。分析句子成分可知，空处为连词，引导让步状语从句，可用连词though/although/while为表示“虽然、尽管”的意思，首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管在实施过程中存在困难，但NZE似乎标志着高性能绿色建筑的重大转变，它将极端节能和效率与可再生能源系统结合起来，生产出能源自给自足的建筑。句中担当目的状语，用不定式形式。故填to produce。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46．假定你是高三学生李华，学校环保社社长。近期，你打算在学校开展一次“减塑”(Less Plastic) 社团活动。请你给王校长写一封申请信，内容包括：1. 社团活动的时间和地点；2. 社会活动的内容。 Dear Mr. Wang, I am Li Hua, the leader of the Environment Protection Club. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Wang, I am Li Hua, the leader of the Environment Protection Club. In order to raise the awareness of protecting the environment among the teachers and students in our school, our association has decided to hold a “Less Plastics” activity, so I am writing to apply for the permission for it. As we know, using plastics has made great damages to our environment, which contributes to the urgency of improving the awareness of cutting down the usage of plastics. The “Less Plastics” activity which is of great help will be held next Monday along the school path on the left side of the school playground from 10 a.m. to 12 a.m. First, we will design some posters written the information about this activity on the school walls in advance. Then, one of our club members will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. What do you think of our activity? I am looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【知识点】学校活动、环境保护、申请/请求/建议 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学校环保社社长李华的身份，给校长写一封信，申请在学校举办一次“减塑”的社团活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 社团：club→association 导致：lead to→contribute to 减少：reduce→cut down 提前：ahead of time→in advance 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：First, we will design some posters written the information about this activity on the school walls in advance. Then, one of our club member will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. 拓展句：First, we will design some posters written the information about this activity on the school walls in advance, and one of our club member will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The “Less Plastics” activity which is of great help will be held next Monday along the school path on the left side of the school playground from 10 a.m. to 12 a.m. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Then, one of our club member will give a speech about how to reduce plastics next Monday. (运用了疑问副词how + to do的结构作介词宾语) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “I wish my mother had a ring like those the ladies wear at the hotel,” said Hiram Green to himself one day. Hiram was the son of a fisherman, but the fisherman had died when Hiram was a little boy. Hiram’s mother took on sewing work to earn money to support herself and her son. He helped her when he could re out of school hours, and during vacation time. He had two uncles who had taught him how to catch shrimps. With the money he earned by selling them he could buy things for his own use or pleasure. He had a “bank” almost full of what he called his “shrimp money.” The sight of the flashing diamonds on the hands of some of the summer visitors at the fishing village in which he lived had added a new article to the list of beautiful things his mother would own someday. He had heard that just one single diamond was sometimes worth five hundred dollars or more. This had discouraged him very much. But one day, he happened to pass a shop in the neighboring town and saw a number of diamond rings displayed in the window. He stopped fascinated, and pressed his face against the glass eagerly to see if any prices were marked upon them. Imagine his surprise when he saw upon the largest one a tag marked $4.75. He looked again to see if he had made a mistake. Perhaps it was $475. But no, he knew enough about figures to see that he was right the first time. He went home as fast as he could, and ran up into his bedroom. Then, he opened his “bank” and counted its contents. “Three dollars and twenty-two cents!” he cried. “I’ll have that ring before another week.” Hiram worked early and late for the next few days. He caught more shrimps than he had ever caught in the same length of time, and sold them readily. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At the end of the week he had the sum he desired. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Years after, Hiram learned what he had bought was in fact only glass, and he decided to tell his mother. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】   At the end of the week he had the sum he desired. Hurrying to the shop where he had seen the ring, before going inside he gave one swift, almost frightened look into the window. Could it be gone? No, there it was flashing and shining as before. That evening, he placed it on his mother’s finger. She looked at it in surprise. “It is yours, Mother,” he cried, proudly. “I bought it with my shrimp money.” “My dear boy,” said his mother, while something as bright as the shining stone flashed in her eyes, “not one of those ladies can value their rings as I shall value mine.” Years afterwards Hiram learned that what he had thought was a diamond was only a bit of glass. “Did you know it then, Mother?” he asked. His mother nodded. “And you never told me.” “It was brighter to me than any real diamond,” she said. “The brightness I saw flashing in it was the unselfish love of my boy.” Indeed, nothing in the world is more precious than a sincere heart. 【知识点】家人和亲人 、生活故事 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了小男孩Hiram Green想要给母亲买一个钻石戒指，但是这太贵了。有一天他突然发现在一家店里的一个钻石戒指只要4.75美元。他很激动，在一周后攒够了钱，买下了戒指送给母亲。母亲很珍惜。多年以后他才知道那只是一个玻璃，但母亲说这世上没有比这更珍贵的了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①.由第一段首句内容“到周末，他得到了他想要的那笔钱。”可知，第一段可描写Hiram Green去买下了那个戒指送给了母亲。 ②.由第二段首句内容“多年以后，Hiram才知道他原来以为是钻石的东西其实只是一小块玻璃。”可知，第二段可描写Hiram询问母亲是否知道，母亲说虽然是玻璃，但这世上没有比这更珍贵的了。 2.续写线索：买戒指——送戒指——惊喜——真相——珍惜 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①放置：place/put ②闪耀：flash/twinkle ③珍惜：value/cherish 情绪类 ①惊喜：surprise/amazement ②真诚的：sincere/frank 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hurrying to the shop where he had seen the ring, before going inside he gave one swift, almost frightened look into the window. (运用了现在分词作状语和where引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] The brightness I saw flashing in it was the unselfish love of my boy. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句和现在分词作后置定语) 试卷第18页，共21页 试卷第19页，共21页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $