内容正文：
Unit 2 Reading and Thinking 课文梳理及自测训练
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
全文翻译
智能家居，让生活更便捷
你是否曾经忘记锁家门？或者忘记关掉电视或者电脑？这类事情时常发生，既浪费资源，有时还会引发麻烦。然而，在不那么遥远的未来，我们将会住进智能家居。当我们外出时，它会替我们锁好大门；当我们忘记关闭电视，它会自动断电。这些智能家居会保障我们安全，节约能源，并且营造更舒适的居住环境。
智能控制
如今，我们需要开关操控灯光、旋钮操控家电、遥控器操控电视和空调。在未来，我们将使用先进技术，几乎实现家中全部设备的自动控制。未来的住宅会使用集成传感器，识别到你每天早晨离家，随后自动切换至节能模式。你再也不需要手动去按各类开关。家居系统还会学习你的日常作息与个人偏好，所以每天晚上你回到家，一切都准备就绪。你一踏入家门，灯光随即亮起，同时播放你喜爱的音乐或者电视节目；到家时晚餐已经为你备好。所有设备均可响应语音指令，所以如果你想要改变作息，只需要说出你的要求，家居系统就会遵照执行。
常态化健康监测
除此之外，你的智能家居会每天监测你的健康。例如，你的床会记录你每晚睡眠质量，还会检测你的体重。一旦你出现睡眠或者体重问题，系统就会向你的手机发送警报。它还会给出建议，告诉你如何拥有更健康的饮食、如何改善睡眠。智能马桶也会持续监测你的健康状况。如果身体出现异常，或是患上癌症这类重大疾病，它们可以提前发出预警，有可能挽救你的生命。
杜绝灾害
智能家居能够预防事故带来的严重破坏。举例来说，如果水管漏水，或者电线短路，你的智能家居就会检测到故障，并为你提供相关信息。这样，你就能够在房屋被水淹或者起火之前把问题解决。
这项智能技术并非幻想。许多这类全新创新成果已经可以投入使用，并且已经在部分家庭当中应用。从这个意义上来说，明日之家已经成为今日现实。尽管如此，大多数新建住宅用上这项新技术，还需要若干年时间。
重点单词
1.persuade /pəˈsweɪd/v. 说服，劝说
persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事
派生词：persuasion n. 说服；persuasive adj. 有说服力的
2.switch /swɪtʃ/n. 开关 v. 切换；改变
switch off 关掉 (电器)
switch on 打开 (电器)
switch to 切换到……
派生词：switchable adj. 可切换的
3.secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/adj. 安全的；稳固的 v. 保护；获得
keep…secure 保障…… 安全
secure sth from/against 保护…… 免受
派生词：security n. 安全；insecure adj. 不安全的；insecurity n. 不安全
4.distant /ˈdɪstənt/adj. 遥远的；疏远的
in the not‑too‑distant future 在不太遥远的未来
distant relative 远亲
派生词：distance n. 距离；distantly adv. 遥远地
5.remote /rɪˈməʊt/adj. 遥远的；远程的
remote control 遥控器；remote work 远程办公
派生词：remotely adv. 遥远地；remoteness n. 遥远
6.automatic /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/adj. 自动的
automatic control 自动控制
派生词：automatically adv. 自动地；automation n. 自动化
7.integrated /ˈɪntɪɡreɪtɪd/adj. 集成的；综合的
integrated sensors 集成传感器；integrated system 集成系统
派生词：integrate v. 使整合；integration n. 整合
8.efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/adj. 效率高的
energy‑efficient mode 节能模式；be efficient at 擅长，对…… 高效
派生词：efficiency n. 效率；inefficient adj. 效率低的；inefficiency n. 低效
9.mode /məʊd/n. 模式；方式
energy‑efficient mode 节能模式；work mode 工作模式
派生词：modal adj. 模式的
10.routine /ruːˈtiːn/n. 常规，日常作息 adj. 日常的
daily routine 日常作息；routine work 日常工作
派生词：routinely adv. 例行地；通常
11.preference /ˈprefrəns/n. 偏爱；偏好
have a preference for 偏爱……；in preference to 优先于
派生词：prefer v. 更喜欢；preferable adj. 更可取的
12.instant /ˈɪnstənt/adj. 立刻的 n. 瞬间 conj. 一…… 就……
the instant (that)… 一…… 就……；in instant need 急需
派生词：instantly adv. 立刻 conj. 一…… 就……
13.warning /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/n. 警告，警示
send a warning to 向…… 发出警告；warning signal 警告信号
派生词：warn v. 警告；warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
14.constant /ˈkɒnstənt/adj. 持续不断的；恒定的
keep constant track of 持续追踪；constant temperature 恒温
派生词：constantly adv. 持续地；constancy n. 恒定，忠贞
15.abnormal /æbˈnɔːml/adj. 反常的，异常的
something abnormal 某些异常情况；abnormal behaviour 反常行为
派生词：normal adj. 正常的；abnormally adv. 反常地；abnormality n. 异常
16.critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/adj. 严重的；至关重要的；批判的
critical illness 重大疾病；be critical to/for 对…… 至关重要
派生词：critic n. 评论家；criticise v. 批评；criticism n. 批评
17.cancer /ˈkænsə(r)/n. 癌症
suffer from cancer 患癌症
派生词：cancerous adj. 癌性的
18.leaking /ˈliːkɪŋ/adj. 漏水的 v. 渗漏 (leak 现在分词)
a leaking water pipe 漏水的水管
派生词：leak v./n. 泄漏；leakage n. 泄露
19.detect /dɪˈtekt/v. 检测；察觉；发现
detect faults 检测故障
派生词：detection n. 探测；detective n. 侦探
20.relevant /ˈreləvənt/adj. 相关的
relevant information 相关信息；be relevant to 与…… 有关
派生词：relevance n. 相关性；irrelevant adj. 无关的
21.fantasy /ˈfæntəsi/n. 幻想，空想
pure fantasy 纯粹幻想
派生词：fantastic adj. 极好的；幻想的
22.innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/n. 创新；新发明 (复数 innovations)
technological innovations 技术创新
派生词：innovate v. 创新；innovative adj. 创新的
23.available /əˈveɪləbl/adj. 可获得的，可使用的
be available for 可用于……；be available to sb 某人可以使用
派生词：availability n. 可用性；unavailable adj. 不可获得的
24.nevertheless /ˌnevəðəˈles/adv. 尽管如此；然而（高级过渡词）
考点：放句首、句中、句末，用逗号隔开，= however
25.wire /ˈwaɪə(r)/n. 电线；导线
electrical wiring 电线线路；a short in the electrical wiring 电线短路
派生词：wired adj. 有线的；wireless adj. 无线的
26.structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/n. 结构；构造 v. 组织
sentence structure 句子结构
派生词：structural adj. 结构的；restructure v. 重组
27.potential /pəˈtenʃl/ adj. 潜在的；可能的n. 潜力，潜能
potential risk 潜在风险
potential danger 潜在危险
potential customer 潜在客户
achieve one’s potential 发挥某人的潜能
potentially save your life 有可能挽救你的生命
派生词：potentially adv. 潜在地；有可能potentiality n. 潜在性；可能性
28.crime /kraɪm/n. 罪行；犯罪活动
commit a crime 犯罪
serious crime 严重罪行
crime rate 犯罪率
派生词：criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯罪的；criminally adv.犯罪地
29.combine /kəmˈbaɪn/v.(使) 结合，组合
搭配：combine A with B 把 A 与 B 结合
combine to do sth 联合起来做某事
派生词：combination n. 结合；联合
重点短语
1.in the not‑too‑distant future 在不太遥远的将来
2.switch off 关掉 (电器)
3.keep…secure 保障…… 的安全
4.energy‑efficient mode 节能模式
5.daily routine 日常作息
6.respond to voice commands 响应语音指令
7.keep constant track of 持续监测、追踪
8.warn sb early on 提前预警
9.prevent…from… 阻止…… 遭受……
10.a short in the electrical wiring 电线短路
11.in this sense 从这个意义上来说
12.the instant (that)… 一…… 就……
13.it will take some years before… 还要过好几年才……
重点语法
1.名词性连词引导时间状语从句
the instant (that)… 一……就……
同类：the moment (that) / the minute (that) / the second (that)
功能：名词直接当连词，等于 as soon as，引导时间状语从句。
规则：
• that 可省略，不充当从句成分；不能用 when / which
• 副词 instantly / immediately / directly，后面不加that
易混辨析
状语从句：I knew it the instant (that) I saw her.（that 不可用when替换）
定语从句：I remember the moment when we met.（when作关系副词）
2.will be doing 将来进行时
结构：will be + doing
含义：将来某段时间正在发生、持续进行的动作。
In the future, we will be using advanced technology.
未来我们将会在使用先进的技术。
• 强调将来持续性动作，不表示一次性动作。
• 否定：will not be doing
3.keep + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
keep … + adj. 使……保持某种状态
These smart homes will keep us secure.
智能家居会保障我们安全。
secure 形容词作宾补。
4.it will take some years before … 还要过几年才……
it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.
大多数新家开始使用这项新技术之前，还需要数年时间。
结构：It will be +时间段 + before … / It will take +时间段 + before…
拓展：It won’t be long before… 不久之后就……
5.非谓语动词
现在分词作后置定语
many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.很多创新已经问世，正在一些家庭中被使用。
being done：现在进行时的被动语态，表示“正在被……”
6.nevertheless 高级过渡副词
nevertheless = however 然而、尽管如此
位置：句首、句中、句末，必须用逗号隔开。
This smart technology is not a fantasy. Nevertheless, it will take some years…
这项技术并非幻想，然而还需要数年……
7.条件状语从句
if a water pipe starts leaking, or if there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will detect it.
如果水管漏水或者电线短路，智能家居会检测出来。
主将从现：if从句一般现在时，主句将来时。
课文自测
Have you ever forgotten 1. (lock) your door when you left home? In the not‑too‑distant future, your home will keep you 2. (secure). Smart homes will use advanced technology 3. (make) our life much more convenient.
Today, we have to use switches for our lights. In the future, we will 4. (use) advanced technology for almost everything in our houses. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy‑efficient mode all by 5. (it). You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and 6. Your home will also learn your daily routine and 7. (prefer), so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. Your lights will come on the 8. you enter the door along with your favourite music. All controls will respond 9. voice commands.
Besides convenience, smart homes can also promote our health. Smart toilets will be keeping constant 10. of our health. They can warn us 11. potential health problems. If there is something 12. (normal), they will send us a 13. (warn).
Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage 14. accidents. For example, if a water pipe starts 15. (leak), your smart home will detect it. This will allow you 16. (fix) the problem before any damage is done.
This smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new innovations 17. ( use) in some homes. Nevertheless, 18. will take some years before most new homes 19. (begin) to use this new technology. It is obvious that smart homes have great 20. (potential).
拓展训练
一、根据句意以及首字母提示，写出单词正确形式。
1. This new i________ has greatly changed people’s living habits.
2. Please cut off the power if the wire starts l________.
3. She has a strong p________ for quiet and simple life.
4. The machine will work in an energy‑efficient m________.
5. The i________ you press the button, the machine starts to work.
6. All the facts you offered are r________ to this research.
7. N________, traditional lifestyles will not disappear soon.
8. All the books in this library are a________ to students.
9. It is not a f________ to live in a fully smart home in the future.
二、阅读理解
Many people hold the belief that pollinators such as bees only exist in wide‑ranging wild areas, far away from noisy cities. Yet growing evidence indicates that certain pollinator species can survive and even grow well within city boundaries, provided that suitable resources are available.
Urban landscapes are often considered hostile to wildlife. Concrete, high‑rise buildings and heavy traffic break natural habitats into small, isolated pieces. Pesticides used in public green spaces also pose potential threats to tiny insects. Nevertheless, cities can offer unexpected advantages. Compared with rural farmland treated with chemical pesticides, well‑managed city gardens may serve as relatively safe shelters. Besides, urban heat island effects extend the flowering period of local plants, thus providing pollinators with food for a longer season.
Researchers carried out a three‑year project across a dozen European cities. They recorded pollinator varieties and quantities in community gardens, public parks and private yards. Their data suggested that plant diversity mattered most. Where citizens planted various native flowering species instead of single‑species grassland, the number of pollinators rose sharply.
Still, urban pollinators face obvious limits. Small separated green patches cannot support large insect populations. Even abundant flowers cannot make up for the lack of continuous migration routes. Experts warn that city planners should avoid treating urban biodiversity merely as a decorative effect. If city governments fail to take practical measures, the promising potential of urban areas to support pollinators will never be realized.
1. What do many people think of pollinators at first?
A. They can adapt to city life very easily.
B. They are supposed to live in wild natural spaces.
C. They are threatened by wildlife in rural areas.
D. They benefit a great deal from city heat effects.
2. What is one advantage cities bring to pollinators?
A. Larger continuous wild habitats
B. Chemical‑free farmland resources
C. Longer time of plant blooming
D. Complete migration channels for insects
3. What does the research project show?
A. Various native plants help pollinators increase in number.
B. Public parks are more suitable than private yards for insects.
C. Single‑species grassland attracts the largest quantity of bees.
D. European cities have solved most problems pollinators meet.
4. Which of the following will the experts probably agree with?
A. Urban biodiversity is mainly for city decoration.
B. Little can be done to improve conditions for city insects.
C. More high‑rise buildings should be built in city centres.
D. Effective actions are required to make full use of city potential.
三、七选五
Scientific discoveries mean little if they cannot reach the public. Researchers are expected to share their findings beyond academic circles. 1.
Many scientific reports are filled with complex terms which are easy for experts to understand but confusing for non‑specialists. 2. They tend to assume that background knowledge is already known to every reader, which creates invisible barriers. Even well‑meaning writers may fail to spot such barriers.
3. Illustrations, simple analogies and real‑life examples can bridge the gap. Instead of throwing abstract concepts directly at audiences, authors may compare unknown phenomena to familiar daily experiences. For instance, complex energy‑transfer processes can be compared to water flowing through pipes.
However, simplification carries risks. 4. If writers cut important details just for easy reading, they may twist the original scientific message. Balance must be kept between readability and accuracy.
Communicating science well is a skill rather than a born gift. 5. With continuous practice, researchers can gradually master it and connect valuable knowledge with the public.
A. Yet this communication task proves surprisingly challenging.
B. Scientists often overlook the knowledge gap between themselves and readers.
C. Readers should make efforts to acquire necessary academic background.
D. Useful tools can help translate abstract ideas into understandable content.
E. Too much simplification may do harm to scientific truth.
F. It demands patience, repeated revision and constant feedback from audiences.
G. Ordinary readers seldom show interest in advanced scientific topics.
四、书面表达
假定你校英语报正在征集以 Technology in our life 为主题的稿件，请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容要点：
1. 科技给生活带来便利；2. 科技存在的弊端；3. 你的看法。
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课文自测参考答案
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
1. to lock
2. secure
3. to make
4. be using
5. itself
6. off
7. preferences
8. instant
9. to
10. track
11. of
12. abnormal
13. warning
14. from
15. leaking
16. to fix
17. are being used
18. it
19. begin
20. potential
拓展训练
一、单句首字母填空
1. innovation
2. leaking
3. preference
4. mode
5. instant
6. relevant
7. Nevertheless
8. available
9. fantasy
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D
1. B
解析：细节理解题。定位第一段第一句：Many people hold the belief that pollinators such as bees only exist in wide‑ranging wild areas。很多人认为传粉生物只生活在广阔野外。B选项“它们理应生活在野外自然环境”和原文一致。A错，人们认为它们不在城市；C无原文依据；D是城市带来的好处，不是人们最初看法。
2. C
解析：细节理解题。定位第二段末尾：urban heat island effects extend the flowering period of local plants。城市热岛效应延长植物花期。C“植物开花时间更长”同义改写。A错，城市栖息地碎片化；B错，城市花园相对安全，不等于完全无化学药剂；D错，城市缺少完整迁徙通道。
3. A
解析：细节理解题。第三段：Where citizens planted various native flowering species…the number of pollinators rose sharply。种植多样本土开花植物，传粉生物数量急剧上涨，对应A。B错，文中没有对比公园和私人庭院；C错，单一种类草地传粉者数量少；D错，欧洲城市并未解决大部分问题。
4. D
解析：推理判断题。定位最后一段：If city governments fail to take practical measures, the promising potential … will never be realized。专家警告，政府要采取实际举措，才能发挥城市潜力。D“需要有效行动充分挖掘城市潜力”符合。A与原文“avoid treating merely as decoration”相反；B错，是可以有所作为；C错，建造更多高楼会破坏栖息地。
三、七选五
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.E 5.F
1. A
解析：前文：研究者应当把发现分享给大众；后文讲述科普存在重重困难。A“但是这项沟通任务却异常具有挑战性”，转折逻辑，承上启下。
2. B
解析：后句：They tend to assume that background knowledge is already known to every reader。科学家想当然认为读者具备背景知识。B“科学家经常忽视自己和读者之间的知识鸿沟”，后句是B选项的具体解释。
3. D
解析：空格后列举插图、类比、实例这些工具，用来弥合普通读者和科学之间的鸿沟。D“实用工具可以把抽象概念转化为易懂的内容”总领本段。
4. E
解析：本段中心：简化科普存在风险。后句：过度删减细节会扭曲科学信息。E“过度简化会损害科学事实”，契合段落主旨。
5. F
解析：前句：做好科学传播是技能，不是天赋。F“它需要耐心、反复修改和来自受众持续的反馈”，it指代“communicating science well”。
四、书面表达参考范文
With the advance of modern technology, our life has been greatly changed. It brings us plenty of convenience. We can keep in touch with people far away and finish many tasks online, making our study and work more productive.
However, technology has its drawbacks. Spending too much time on electronic devices will affect our physical health. What’s more, some teenagers may become addicted to the Internet.
As far as I am concerned, we should make good use of technology. We ought to use it wisely rather than be controlled by it, so that we can benefit more from it.
中文翻译
随着现代科技的发展，我们的生活发生了巨大改变。它带给我们诸多便利。我们能够和远方的人保持联系，在网上完成很多任务，让学习和工作更高效。
但是，科技也存在弊端。花费过多时间使用电子产品会损害我们的身体健康。此外，部分青少年还会沉迷网络。
在我看来，我们应该好好利用科技。我们应当理性使用它，而不是被它支配，这样我们才能从中收获更多益处。
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