内容正文:
《Unit 8 Then and now》教案(3课时)-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)(新版)小学英语六年级上册
1、 学情分析
六年级学生已经积累一定英语基础,前期接触过一般过去时,掌握部分动词过去式,具备基础听说读能力,能够进行简单情景对话。本单元主题为过去与现在的变化,需要同时切换一般过去时与一般现在时,学生容易混淆两种时态动词形式,不规则动词变形记忆存在困难。学生对生活、通讯方式变迁话题有生活体验,乐于结合自身、家人真实经历表达,但连贯运用…years ago、could/couldn’t、now进行完整语段输出的能力不足,书面表达时容易出现时态混用错误。学生具备小组合作、看图提取信息的学习能力,适合借助表格、时间轴、课文文本开展对比式课堂学习。
2、 教材分析
本单元主题Then and now(过去和现在),围绕个人能力、通讯方式、生活方式的时代变化展开,单元板块包含Story time、Grammar time、Fun time、Sound time、Checkout time,以祖孙对话的课题探究为故事主线,呈现过去与现在生活的对比语篇。核心词汇围绕通讯、信息获取:then, now, ago, telephone, mobile phone, radio, newspaper, Internet, letter, email;核心语法为could/couldn’t(can过去式),…years ago过去时间标志词,一般过去时与一般现在时对比,不规则动词过去式;语篇讲述Mike采访爷爷奶奶,对比过去获取新闻、沟通交友、购物出行的方式,感悟科技带来生活改变,亲情不会改变的内涵。教材由故事理解,过渡语法归纳,再到口语操练,最后综合输出,层层递进,引导学生用英语描述变化,落实学科育人。本单元安排3课时完成教学,第1课时Story time语篇理解,第2课时Grammar time、Fun time语法操练,第3课时Sound time、Checkout time综合运用。
3、 核心素养教学目标
(1) 语言能力
1. 能听懂、认读、朗读本单元核心词汇、短语,读懂Story time完整语篇,获取文本时间、事件细节信息;
2. 掌握句型…years ago, sb could / couldn’t… Now sb can…,In the past,… Now…,能区分could/couldn’t和can/can’t,辨别…ago、now时态标志词,正确使用常见不规则动词过去式;
3. 能朗读复述课文片段,口头描述个人、家人过去与现在的变化,完成简单书面语句输出。
(2) 文化意识
了解通讯、生活方式随时代发展发生的改变,体会科技给生活带来便利,懂得时代不断进步,感悟无论生活如何改变,亲情与情感沟通始终重要,尊重不同时代的生活方式,建立热爱生活的情感。
(3) 思维品质
借助表格、时间轴对比过去、现在的信息,训练对比分析、归纳整理信息的逻辑思维;能区分过去与现在不同状态,发现时态使用规律,学会从文本中提取关键信息,进行简单推理思考。
(4) 学习能力
学会借助时间标志词判断时态,掌握“阅读—找关键词—归纳句型”的阅读策略;乐于参与小组对话、文本研读活动,主动联系生活实际运用单元语言知识,养成跟读、整理动词变形的学习习惯。
4、 教学重难点
教学重点
1. Story time课文理解、朗读;掌握通讯、变化主题核心词汇;
2. 掌握句型…years ago, sb could/couldn’t… Now sb can…,识别…ago、in the past、now时间标识;
3. 理解could是can的过去式,区分一般过去时、一般现在时基本用法。
教学难点
1. 在语境中正确切换一般过去时和一般现在时,不混淆动词形式;
2. 不规则动词过去式read‑read, write‑wrote等在句子中准确使用;
3. 结合真实生活,连贯口头描述人或者生活发生的变化。
5、 教学过程
第一课时 Story time
课时任务:学习Story time课文,掌握单元核心词汇,读懂祖孙对话课题语篇,梳理文本中爷爷、奶奶过去与现在生活方式变化,会朗读课文,理解重点句型。
1. 课堂导入,话题激趣
教师展示两组图片,一组老式电话、收音机、纸质信件,一组智能手机、网络电脑、电子邮件。
师:Look at these pictures. What can you see?
生:I can see a telephone / a mobile phone…
师:Very good. One is long long before, one is today. We can say “then” and “now”. 板书板书课题Unit8 Then and now,带读then / now。
师:What does “then” mean?
生:It means long ago, in the past.
师:Yes. “Now” means today. Boys and girls, what changes can you find between then and now?
生自由简单发言,说一说看到的不同。
师:Great. Today Mike does a project. A project about life in the past and now. 板书短语do a project,讲解project“课题”。Mike asks his grandpa and grandma many questions. Let’s go into the story。
设计意图:直观图片引出单元主题then与now,激活学生已有生活经验,引出故事背景Mike做生活变迁课题,自然导入Story time课文。
2. 初读课文,整体感知
教师播放Story time完整录音,学生看书静听。
师:Now listen carefully, try to answer one big question:What is Mike’s project about?
播放录音结束,请学生作答。
生:His project is about life in the past and now.
师:Perfect. Open your books, turn to Story time。请学生默读课文,圈出文中出现的人物。
师:Who are in this story?
生:Mike, Grandpa, Grandma.
师:Right. Mike talks with his grandparents. He wants to know changes in their life。板书单词changes,释义“变化”。
师:Please skim the text, draw two kinds of time words in the article,把表示过去、现在的时间短语画横线。
学生默读勾画,教师巡视。
师:Who can tell me which words mean “past”?
生:six years ago, thirty years ago, twenty years ago。
师:Excellent。…years ago表示……年以前,用于讲述过去,是过去时间标记。and which words mean now?
生:Now, these days。
教师板书时间标志短语,带领全班齐读,搭建时间轴简易板书,左侧写…years ago(then / in the past),右侧写now / these days,区分两大时间场景。
设计意图:听读、默读文本,训练学生获取主旨、定位文本信息能力,抓时间关键词,为本课时态对比搭建支架。
3. 分段研读课文,文本细节解析
段落一(课文开头对话)
文本原文:Hi, Grandpa and Grandma. I’m doing a project on life in the past and now. Can you tell me about the changes in your life?
师:Let’s read the first paragraph together。教师领读句子,讲解短语tell sb about sth告诉某人关于某事。
师:Why does Mike talk with grandpa and grandma?
生:Because he is doing a project about life in the past and now.
段落二:Grandpa的变化(获取新闻的方式)
文本:Thirty years ago, Grandpa listened to the radio for news. He read newspapers for news. Now he reads news on the Internet.
教师出示本部分课文,重点词汇教学radio, newspaper, Internet,教师带读三遍,纠正发音。
师:Look at this sentence “Thirty years ago, Grandpa listened to the radio for news.” Thirty years ago,三十年前,是过去,动词要用过去式。listen过去式listened;read原形read /riːd/,过去式仍然拼写read,读音变为 /red/,这个是不规则变化,请大家做好笔记。
师提问:How did Grandpa get news thirty years ago?
生:He listened to the radio and read newspapers for news.
师:Good。What about now? How does he get news now?
生:Now he reads news on the Internet.
教师在黑板简易表格填写爷爷的信息:
Time
Grandpa get news
Thirty years ago
listened to the radio, read newspapers
Now
reads news on the Internet
师:Please read these two sentences in groups,小组内分角色朗读爷爷的片段。
段落三:Grandma的变化(写信交友、购物)
文本:Twenty years ago, Grandma wrote letters to her friends. She made friends at school. Now she writes emails to her e‑friends. She does shopping on the Internet.
师:Twenty years ago,二十年前,同样讲述过去。重点单词letter, email, e‑friend,动词write‑wrote、make‑made不规则过去变形,板书原形和过去式,强调过去时间句子动词用过去式。
师问:What did Grandma do twenty years ago?
生:She wrote letters to her friends and made friends at school.
师:Now, what does she do?
生:Now she writes emails to her e‑friends and does shopping on the Internet.
师点拨:twenty years ago是过去,wrote、made;now是现在,主语she第三人称单数,动词write‑writes,do‑does。继续完善黑板表格,补充奶奶内容。
段落四:Mike自身能力变化
文本:Six years ago, Mike could read and draw, but he could not write. Now he can do many things.
师:Look here,could是can的过去式,表示“过去能够”;could not = couldn’t,过去不能够。
师:Six years ago,六年前,Mike很小。What could Mike do six years ago?
生:He could read and draw.
师:What couldn’t he do?
生:He could not write.
师:Now, what can Mike do?
生:Now he can do many things.
师:“but”在这里起到转折作用,过去会做某事,但是不会做另一件事。请同学们齐读句子,体会but转折含义。
继续表格补充Mike的能力变化。
段落五课文结尾感悟
文本:With new technology, life becomes easier and faster. But one thing never changes: the love in the family.
师讲解technology科技。师提问:What becomes easier and faster?
生:Life becomes easier and faster with new technology.
师:What never changes?
生:The love in the family.
师:Yes. Technology changes our life, but family love is always there。
设计意图:逐段解析课文原文,依托教材文本,师问生答逐层挖掘细节,借助表格梳理人物过去与现在,重点突破词汇、不规则动词、could/couldn’t句型,把语法知识融入课文语境,不脱离文本单独讲语法。
4. 课文跟读、朗读巩固
播放完整课文录音,学生逐句跟读,注意过去式读音,尤其read /red/。之后开展分层朗读,全班齐读、小组分角色朗读Mike、Grandpa、Grandma对话。
师:Now, let’s read the whole story together。读完后,教师针对表格,引导学生看着表格尝试口头复述课文主要信息。
师:Who wants to try to talk about grandpa’s changes according to our table?
学生尝试口头复述片段。
5. 课时小结
师:In this lesson, we read Story time. We know Mike’s project about then and now. We learn …years ago,could/couldn’t。Grandpa, Grandma and Mike all have many changes。
第二课时 Grammar time & Fun time
课时任务:归纳本单元语法:can‑could,一般过去时与一般现在时对比,操练…years ago sb could/couldn’t… Now sb can…句型,Fun time开展口语互动练习,强化时态辨别,巩固不规则动词。
1. 复习导入
师:Let’s review Story time. Look at our blackboard table. Who can retell grandpa’s changes?
邀请2‑3名学生根据上节课板书表格复述课文片段。
师:Great. From the story, we find many sentences about then and now. Let’s look at Grammar time。打开课本Grammar time板块。
设计意图:回顾第一课时Story time文本内容,由课文自然过渡语法板块,实现语篇向语法归纳的衔接。
2. Grammar time语法探究学习
教师出示Grammar time课本原句范例:
1. Six years ago, Mike could read and draw.
2. He could not write.
3. Now he can read and draw.
4. Now he can write.
师:Please look at these four sentences. Read them yourselves first。学生自主朗读。
师:Please find the difference between could and can。小组讨论1分钟。
小组汇报。
生:could用于过去,can用于现在。
师总结板书:
can(现在)→ could(过去式)
can’t = cannot;couldn’t = could not
师:When do we use could?
生:We use could with time words like …years ago, in the past。
师:Exactly。…years ago标志过去,情态动词使用could/couldn’t;now标志现在,使用can/can’t。教师用表格对比呈现:
Time
Modal verb
Example
…years ago / in the past
could / couldn’t
Five years ago, I could swim. I couldn’t skate.
now
can / can’t
Now I can swim. I can skate too.
师再出示另外两组课本例句,区分实义动词过去式和现在时:
Thirty years ago, Grandpa listened to the radio.
Now he reads news on the Internet.
Twenty years ago, Grandma wrote letters.
Now she writes emails.
师:Look at the verbs。过去句子动词要用过去式,now句子用动词原形或者三单形式。提醒学生重点记忆本单元不规则动词清单,板书:
write‑wrote;read‑read /red/;make‑made。
师:Let’s do sentence practice。教师给出情景:五年前我会骑车,不会游泳。现在我会骑车,也会游泳。请学生口头造句。
生1:Five years ago, I could ride a bike. I couldn’t swim. Now I can ride a bike and I can swim.
师点评纠正。再进行2组口头造句训练。
设计意图:依托教材Grammar time原句,引导学生自主观察、归纳语法规则,而不是教师直接灌输,表格直观对比,把情态动词、实义动词时态变化讲清,结合口头造句巩固句型。
3. Fun time板块教学
打开课本Fun time,课本活动为Talk about you。范例:
A: What could you do five years ago?
B: I could… I couldn’t…
A: What can you do now?
B: I can…
师:Look at Fun time。We can talk about ourselves, our changes。教师和一名学生示范对话。
师:What could you do five years ago?
生:I could draw. I couldn’t ride a bike.
师:What can you do now?
生:I can draw and I can ride a bike.
师:Nice work。Now work in pairs。学生两人一组,参照Fun time课本范例,开展对话练习,谈论自己五年前和现在的本领变化,教师巡视课堂,查看学生句型使用情况,及时纠正时态错误,重点关注could/can混用的问题。
挑选几组同学上台展示对话。
师:Who wants to show your dialogue to us?
两组学生展示完毕之后,教师拓展,不仅仅讲自己,也可以谈论家人。
师:We can also talk about our parents。For example:Ten years ago, my father could drive a car. He couldn’t use Wechat. Now he can drive and chat on Wechat。给学生提供拓展案例。
学生可以更换搭档,尝试谈论家人过去与现在的能力。
设计意图:落实Fun time教材板块,由示范到结对练习,由谈论自我拓展家人,实现语言知识向口语实践转化,训练本单元核心句型。
4. 语法巩固练习
教师给出课本相关句式填空(口头完成)。
1 Three years ago, I ______ (can) run fast, but I ______ (can not) jump high.
2 Now I ______ (can) run and jump.
学生口头填写could; couldn’t; can。
师:Please tell me why we use could here?
生:Because of three years ago,是过去时间。
继续口头操练2道小题,强化时间标志词判断时态的意识。
5. 课时小结
师:Today in Grammar time, we sum up can‑could用法,分清…years ago过去和now现在。In Fun time we practice talking about changes of ourselves and family members。
第三课时 Sound time & Checkout time(单元综合运用)
课时任务:完成Sound time语音板块;Checkout time读写板块,综合巩固单元词汇、句型、时态,读懂相关小语段,完成单元语言综合输出。
1. 复习旧知导入
师:Boys and girls, let’s review. Please look at these time words,快速识别哪些表示过去,哪些表示现在:ten years ago, now, in the past, these days。学生集体分类。
师:Let’s make one short sentence together。Ten years ago, my mother could sing. She couldn’t dance. Now she can sing and dance。全班齐读。
师:We know many words and sentences about changes. Now let’s go to Sound time。
2. Sound time语音板块教学
出示Sound time教材文本:
Slowly, slowly, slow down.
Show me how you go around.
教师播放Sound time录音,学生听。
师:Listen and find the sound /əʊ/ in these words。slowly, slow, show, go。板书单词,标出字母组合ow发 /əʊ/。
师带领学生跟读,体会ow字母组合发音 /əʊ/。
师:Read after the tape,逐句跟读歌谣,注意节奏。之后全班拍手朗读歌谣,开展小组竞赛朗读。
拓展补充更多ow发 /əʊ/ 的简单单词:snow, know。
设计意图:落实教材Sound time语音板块,感知字母组合ow发音,借助歌谣增加课堂趣味,训练语音语感。
3. Checkout time板块学习
活动一:Look and write(课本Checkout time第一部分,看图写句子)
课本图片呈现过去、现在两组画面:人们过去写信、听收音机;现在用手机、互联网。
师:Open Checkout time。Look and write。Look at the pictures,write sentences with “In the past…” “Now…”。
教师先引导观察图片。
师:Look at picture 1,In the past,what did people do?
生:In the past, people wrote letters.
师:What about now?
生:Now people write emails.
教师点拨:In the past过去,动词用过去式wrote;now现在,动词write原形,主语people复数。学生自主完成课本填空书写,教师巡视,重点查看动词变形是否正确,尤其wrote、read等不规则变形。写完之后校对课本参考答案,全班齐读完整句子。
活动二:Read and write(Checkout time阅读小语篇)
小短文主题:My changes,讲述主人公自身过去和现在的变化。
师:Now let’s read the short passage “My changes”。学生默读短文,圈出时间词。
师提问:What could he do seven years ago? What couldn’t he do? What can he do now?
学生从文本当中找信息回答教师提问。
师:This short passage is about himself。We can learn to write our own short passage like this。教师在黑板给出简单写作支架:
…years ago, I could… I couldn’t…
Now I can…
There are many changes in my life.
学生依托支架,写3‑5句话介绍自己的变化,完成简单书面输出,教师课堂巡视指导学生书写,提醒时态动词错误。挑选2‑3份学生作品,投影展示,全班阅读。
设计意图:完整使用Checkout time教材板块,从看图写句到阅读小短文,再迁移到简单小语段书写,完成单元听说读写综合训练,搭建书写支架降低书面输出难度。
4. 单元综合巩固活动
开展“Changes show”课堂小活动,学生可以结合图片或者口头,介绍家人生活过去和现在的变化,鼓励使用本单元…years ago, could/couldn’t, now, in the past词汇句型。
师:Who would like to introduce your father’s or mother’s changes?
生示例:Twenty years ago, my mum could ride a bike. She couldn’t use mobile phones. Now she can ride bikes and shop on the Internet.
教师倾听,适时纠正语言错误。
5. 课时小结
师:This lesson, we learn sound time /əʊ/ sound,finish checkout time reading and writing. We can talk and write about changes with …years ago, could / couldn’t, now。
6、 单元小结
本单元三课时,第一课时立足于Story time课文,读懂Mike对爷爷奶奶的课题采访,学习通讯主题词汇,理解…years ago、could/couldn’t核心句型,梳理人物过去与现在生活能力变化;第二课时依托Grammar time归纳can‑could语法规则,区分一般过去时与一般现在时时间标志,借助Fun time操练口语对话,谈论自我、家人能力变迁;第三课时落实Sound time语音感知,通过Checkout time完成看图写句、短文阅读与仿写,实现单元知识综合输出。
通过单元学习,学生能够识别过去与现在的时间标识,正确使用could/couldn’t描述过去本领,can描述现在本领,掌握本单元不规则动词过去式,能够口头、书面简单描述个人、家庭生活发生的变化,感受时代科技进步,懂得无论生活如何变迁,亲情的珍贵。
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