Unit7阅读专项训练2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 紧扣译林版八上Unit7核心词汇与环保话题，通过完形+阅读题型系统训练词义辨析与语篇理解，适配中考题型，强化语言能力与环保意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10题|名词/动词词义辨析、短语辨析（如lead to, set up）|以湿地保护为主题，串联ecosystem, rare等核心词汇，形成"词汇理解-语境应用"链条| |阅读理解|4篇（A-D）|细节理解、段落主旨、观点态度题解法|围绕生态系统、珊瑚礁等子话题，递进考查信息提取与逻辑分析，强化environmental-friendly等短语应用|

译林版八年级上册Unit 7阅读专项训练 命题说明 本套练习紧扣译林版八上Unit7课本词汇、短语命题，话题围绕生态系统、湿地保护、野生动物、气候环境、环境污染与治理，覆盖单元核心词汇：coral，reef，penguin，ecosystem，climate，wetland，include，prevent，store，harmful，therefore，wildlife，cause，damage，rare，red‑crowned crane，lead to，create，set up，balanced，knowledge，wastewater，environment‑friendly，solve，environmental；重点短语：get rid of，slow down，quite a few，lead to，set up。题型参照江苏中考阅读题型设置：1篇完形填空+4篇阅读理解。严控超纲词汇，难度适配八年级单元同步巩固，适合课堂限时训练、课后作业。文本贴合一线教师命题习惯，复制粘贴到Word即可直接排版打印，支持学科网上传。 第一部分 完形填空（10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Wetlands are important parts of our 1. They 2 many kinds of wildlife, such as the 3 red‑crowned cranes. Every year, quite a few of them stay here in the 4. However, bad climate and human activities may 5 great damage to wetlands. Wastewater is harmful to plants and animals. It can 6 more pollution and 7 the number of wild birds. People want to 8 this problem. Therefore, some volunteers 9 nature reserves. They hope to keep a 10 world for wildlife. 1. A. system B. ecosystem C. topic D. knowledge 2. A. hold B. trap C. kill D. solve 3. A. noisy B. balanced C. rare D. environmental 4. A. ton B. daytime C. mud D. carbon 5. A. prevent B. create C. cause D. return 6. A. lead to B. get rid of C. slow down D. set up 7. A. store B. harm C. act D. include 8. A. prevent B. return C. create D. cover 9. A. slow down B. get rid of C. set up D. lead to 10. A. harmful B. non‑living C. environment‑friendly D. nearly 第二部分 阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分） Passage A Wetlands are special ecosystems. They include ponds, lakes and other wet places. They can hold lots of water and store carbon dioxide. They act like the kidneys of our earth. Wetlands are home to quite a few kinds of wildlife. Red‑crowned cranes are rare birds. Every year, some fly to the north‑east of China and stay in wetlands in daytime. They look for food in the mud. But now wetlands face serious problems. Wastewater from factories is harmful. It may lead to pollution and damage the living places of animals. Bad climate also causes changes to wetlands. Therefore, more people begin to learn environmental knowledge. Some groups set up nature reserves. They try to get rid of bad pollution and prevent further harm to wetlands. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 11. What do wetlands act like on the earth? A. Lungs B. Kidneys C. Livers D. Hearts 12. Where do some red‑crowned cranes stay according to the passage? A. In the deserts in the north‑west B. In wetlands in north‑east China C. On coral reefs in the sea D. In noisy city centres 13. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Wetlands cannot store carbon dioxide. B. Wastewater does no harm to wildlife. C. People set up nature reserves to protect wetlands. D. Red‑crowned cranes are very common birds. Passage B Coral reefs are important sea ecosystems. Lots of sea animals live around them, including penguins and many small fish. However, climate change brings big trouble. Higher sea temperature may kill coral. That will damage the whole reef. Carbon dioxide is one main reason. It can be trapped by sea water and makes the sea less comfortable for coral. Nearly one‑third of coral reefs are in danger now. Sadly, quite a few sea animals lose their homes. Scientists want to slow down the bad change. They create new ways to protect coral. They tell more people environmental knowledge. If we take action, we can prevent more loss of coral reefs. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 14. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. The importance and danger of coral reefs B. Different kinds of penguins around the world C. How to get rid of wastewater in cities D. Reasons for noisy environment 15. What makes coral reefs in great danger? A. Lots of ponds and pools B. Climate change and carbon dioxide C. Too many red‑crowned cranes D. Too much mud on land 16. What do scientists do to protect coral reefs? A. They kill all the small fish around reefs. B. They set up lots of new factories nearby. C. They create new ways and spread environmental knowledge. D. They move all coral to ponds on land. Passage C Our world needs a balanced ecosystem. Both living and non‑living things make up the system. Wildlife plays an important role. But human activities cause serious problems. Wastewater and other harmful waste lead to much damage. Some rare animals lose their living cover, and their number drops fast. Many people want to solve these environmental problems. Volunteers work in wetlands in north‑east China. They prevent people from polluting water. They also set up reserves for red‑crowned cranes. Around 20 tons of waste is got rid of every year in some reserves. Knowledge helps us understand our earth better. We should try to be environment‑friendly in daily life. Small actions can slow down environmental harm. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 17. What makes up the ecosystem according to the text? A. Only wildlife B. Living and non‑living things C. Only ponds and mud D. Only coral reefs 18. What do volunteers do in the wetlands? A. They kill some rare birds. B. They prevent water pollution and set up reserves. C. They produce lots of wastewater. D. They trap carbon dioxide for factories. 19. What can we do in daily life? A. Try to be environment‑friendly. B. Throw waste into wetlands. C. Kill some wildlife for fun. D. Create more wastewater. Passage D Many topics about environmental protection are hot these days. More people learn that climate change influences different ecosystems, from coral reefs in the sea to wetlands on land. Penguins live in cold places. Their living places are becoming smaller because of climate change. Red‑crowned cranes need safe wetlands. Pollution may lead to bad results for them. Sadly, quite a few kinds of wildlife are becoming rare. We cannot change the big climate quickly, but small steps matter. We should get more knowledge. We can slow down pollution. Some groups create new projects and set up reserves. If we work together, we can prevent further damage to our home. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 20. What influences coral reefs and wetlands according to the passage? A. Noisy cities B. Climate change C. Too much daytime D. Too much mud 21. What problem do penguins meet? A. They have no enough mud to live in. B. Their living places are getting smaller. C. They cannot trap carbon dioxide. D. They have too many ponds to choose from. 22. What is the writer’s opinion? A. We can do nothing to protect wildlife. B. Small steps also make a difference to environmental protection. C. We must create more wastewater to change climate. D. Red‑crowned cranes should move to coral reefs. 参考答案与详细解析 一、完形填空答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C 完形填空逐题解析 1.答案：B. ecosystem 考点解析：名词词义辨析。单元核心词汇ecosystem生态系统。句意：湿地是我们生态系统重要的一部分。system系统；topic话题；knowledge知识，均不符合语境。 2.答案：A. hold 考点解析：动词词义辨析。hold容纳。句意：湿地容纳许多种野生动物。trap吸收，使陷入险境；kill杀死；solve解决。 3.答案：C. rare 考点解析：形容词词义辨析。rare稀罕的、珍贵的。丹顶鹤是珍稀鸟类。noisy吵闹的；balanced保持平衡的；environmental环境的。 4.答案：B. daytime 考点解析：名词词义辨析。daytime白天。句意：每年相当多丹顶鹤白天停留在这里。ton吨；mud泥；carbon碳。 5.答案：C. cause 考点解析：动词词义辨析。cause造成。固定搭配cause great damage造成巨大破坏。prevent阻止；create创造；return返回。 6.答案：A. lead to 考点解析：短语辨析。lead to导致。废水会导致更多污染。get rid of清除；slow down（使）慢下来；set up建立。 7.答案：B. harm 考点解析：动词词义辨析。harm伤害、损害。废水会伤害野生鸟类的数量。store贮存；act行动；include包括。 8.答案：A. prevent 考点解析：动词词义辨析。prevent防止。人们想要防止这个问题。return返回；create创造；cover躲避处。 9.答案：C. set up 考点解析：短语辨析。set up建立。志愿者建立自然保护区。slow down减慢；get rid of清除；lead to导致。 10.答案：C. environment‑friendly 考点解析：形容词词义辨析。environment‑friendly环保的。句意：他们希望为野生动物维护一个环保的世界。harmful有害的；non‑living非生物的；nearly几乎。 二、阅读理解答案与解析 Passage A 答案：11.B 12.B 13.C 11.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“They act like the kidneys of our earth.”湿地就像地球的肾脏。 12.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Some fly to the north‑east of China and stay in wetlands in daytime.”一些丹顶鹤待在中国东北的湿地。 13.答案：C 考点解析：细节判断题。原文“Some groups set up nature reserves.”人们建立自然保护区保护湿地。A错，湿地可以储存二氧化碳；B错，废水对野生动物有害；D错，丹顶鹤是珍稀鸟类。 Passage B 答案：14.A 15.B 16.C 14.答案：A 考点解析：段落主旨题。第一段介绍珊瑚礁的重要地位，同时点明气候变化给珊瑚礁带来危险。其余选项只是零散信息。 15.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“climate change brings big trouble”及第二段“Carbon dioxide is one main reason”可知，气候变化与二氧化碳使珊瑚礁陷入危机。 16.答案：C 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Scientists want to slow down the bad change. They create new ways to protect coral. They tell more people environmental knowledge.”科学家创新保护方式，传播环保知识。 Passage C 答案：17.B 18.B 19.A 17.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Both living and non‑living things make up the system.”生物和非生物共同构成生态系统。 18.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Volunteers work in wetlands in north‑east China. They prevent people from polluting water. They also set up reserves for red‑crowned cranes.”志愿者阻止水污染、建立保护区。 19.答案：A 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“We should try to be environment‑friendly in daily life.”日常生活中我们要做到环保。 Passage D 答案：20.B 21.B 22.B 20.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“More people learn that climate change influences different ecosystems, from coral reefs in the sea to wetlands on land.”气候变化影响珊瑚礁与湿地。 21.答案：B 考点解析：细节理解题。原文“Their living places are becoming smaller because of climate change.”企鹅的栖息地正在缩小。 22.答案：B 考点解析：作者观点态度题。原文“We cannot change the big climate quickly, but small steps matter.”小行动对于环保同样有意义。A错误，我们可以做很多事；C、D表述与原文不符。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $