Unit 6 A Look into the Past 历史与考古（单元阅读精练）英语新教材鲁教版九年级全一册

**基本信息** 以“历史与考古”为主题，融合时文与经典史料，通过多元题型系统培养语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |时文阅读|2篇说明文（AI考古/历史质疑）|细节理解+推理判断|从科技赋能考古到科学质疑精神，构建“文化+科技”认知链| |实战演练|1完形（长征）+3阅读（三星堆2篇/丝绸）+1七选五|语境完形+信息匹配+主旨归纳|以中国历史脉络串联（革命精神-古蜀文明-丝路文化），强化跨文本主题关联|

Unit 6 A Look into the Past 历史与考古 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 351 介绍了湖南长沙的一家公司与考古学家合作，利用AI技术从竹简中提取信息，让秦朝官员“华”成为虚拟导游，使游客能够通过扫描二维码体验秦朝生活，展示了“文化+科技”让历史“活”起来的可能性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 227 本文介绍韦斯特对狮身人面像建造年代的不同看法，说明敢于质疑固有观点是科学进步的方式。 实战演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 265 本文介绍了红军长征，战士们在长征中走了大约25000里(约12500公里)，他们在途中遇到了很多困难。我们今天参观他们走过的地方，学习长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 307 本文主要讲述三星堆位于四川广汉，是3000多年前古蜀国的都城。1929年发现玉器，1986年发现两个祭祀坑，出土了青铜面具、青铜神树等文物，展示了古代人民的智慧和中华文明的悠久历史。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 276 本文主要介绍了三星堆考古遗址中青铜人像的相关情况及其中的谜团。 Passage4 阅读理解 七选五 记叙文 181 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了享誉世界的中国丝绸以及丝绸之路。 Passage1 A face-to-face meeting with Emperor Qinshihuang, once only a thought, is now within reach. In Central China’s Hunan Province, AI is making this kind of “meeting” possible—it’s making old things, places and even people from Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC) come alive. This fun project is from teamwork between a Changsha company and archaeologists (考古学家). The team uses AI to extract information from old papers and things dug up. Also, they put them in order. The company’s manager, Zhang Gangyi, showed how useful the technology is. He made a picture of Hua, an officer from the Qin Dynasty. Hua’s story and many facts of life in Qin times were written on about 38,000 bamboo slips (竹简). People found these slips in 2002. They are very useful — they filled an empty part in history and told us 15-year life in an old Qin town. Now, the AI-made Hua is a guide at Liye Ancient Town Archaeological Site Park. The park opened again in October after being fixed. It has a new smart guiding system made by Zhang’s team. They turned the old words on the bamboo slips into fun videos. Visitors can scan QR codes (二维码) at the park to watch these videos. Then they can feel what life was like 2,000 years ago. All pictures, clothes and things in the videos are based on real historical finds. For example, Hua’s clothes got ideas from Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb in Shaanxi. The team had to read many reports to get small facts right. This was a big challenge for them. Zhang loves Chinese history very much. He said technology helps people learn about the past better. “History is not just in museum boxes—people can feel it and talk with it,” he said. He thinks “culture+technology” will make traditional culture easier for everyone to enjoy. For example, visitors could wear VR (虚拟现实) glasses to see Qin Dynasty buildings on screen. He also said our own technology is important. We can’t use foreign technologies for our cultural projects. 与秦始皇面对面相见，曾经只是一个想法，如今却触手可及。在中国中部的湖南省，人工智能让这类“会面”成为现实——它让秦朝（公元前221‑206年）的古物、古迹，甚至历史人物重获生机。这个趣味项目由长沙一家企业与考古学家合作完成。 该团队利用人工智能从古籍和出土文物中提取信息，并将信息整理排序。这家公司的经理张刚毅展示了这项技术的实用价值。他制作出秦朝一名叫华的官吏的人物影像。华的故事以及秦朝大量生活史实记录在大约38000枚竹简之上。这些竹简于2002年被发现，价值极高，填补了历史的一段空白，向我们展现了一座秦朝古城十五年的生活面貌。 如今，人工智能生成的“华”成为里耶古城遗址公园的讲解员。经过修缮，该公园于十月重新开放，配备了张刚毅团队打造的全新智能讲解系统。他们把竹简上古老的文字转化成生动有趣的视频。游客可以在公园扫描二维码观看视频，感受两千年前人们的生活模样。 视频中所有的图像、服饰和器物都以真实历史出土文物为依据。例如，华的服饰设计参考了陕西秦始皇陵。团队需要研读大量报告，力求把每一处细节做到准确，这对他们来说是一项巨大的挑战。 张刚毅十分热爱中国历史。他表示，科技能够帮助人们更好地了解过去。“历史不只是陈列在博物馆展柜之中，人们可以感受历史，与历史对话。”他说道。他认为“文化+科技”可以让传统文化更容易被大众欣赏。比如游客可以佩戴虚拟现实眼镜，在屏幕上看见秦朝建筑。他还提到自主技术十分重要，我们的文化项目不能依赖国外技术。 【长难句分析】 1.A face‑to‑face meeting with Emperor Qinshihuang, once only a thought, is now within reach. 与秦始皇面对面相见，曾经只是一个想法，如今却触手可及。 once only a thought作插入语；with介词短语作后置定语修饰meeting；within reach意为触手可及。 2.Hua’s story and many facts of life in Qin times were written on about 38,000 bamboo slips. 华的故事以及秦朝大量生活史实记录在大约38000枚竹简之上。 本句为一般过去时被动语态，主语为并列结构，were written为谓语。 3.He thinks “culture+technology” will make traditional culture easier for everyone to enjoy. 他认为“文化+科技”可以让传统文化更容易被大众欣赏。 think后接宾语从句；make sth.+adj.+for sb. to do固定结构，表示“使某物对某人来说做起来……”。 【重难词汇梳理】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.extract v.提取 2.archaeologist n.考古学家 3.bamboo slip n.竹简 4.challenge n.挑战 5.traditional adj.传统的 6.come alive 变得鲜活；重获生机 7.be based on 以……为依据 8.scan QR codes 扫描二维码 Passage2 Most scientists agree the Great Sphinx of Giza (吉萨狮身人面像) was built around 2,500 BC． But John Anthony West, a writer and film maker, says that it’s much older, If he’s right, everything anybody has learned about ancient civilizations (文明) would have to be completely revised. West first got interested in ancient history after studying the work of a French researcher. The researcher said Egyptian civilization developed as early as 30,000 years ago, rather than 4,500 years ago, as most experts believe. West joined a scientist to do research together. Their research suggested that the Sphinx had been worn down (磨损) over the years by water, rather than by sand and wind. Wait a minute? Water? How could that be? The Sphinx is in the Sahara Desert. The Sahara Desert has been dry for 12,000 years! However, before that time, it was very green. If it’s true that water wore down the Sphinx, West thinks that it must have been built thousands of years earlier. Whether West is right or wrong, it’s important to challenge accepted ideas. That’s how science progresses. West gave some advice to kids: If you are interested in a topic, read everything you can on it. Do your own research. Ask lots of questions and find your own answers. 大多数科学家一致认为吉萨狮身人面像大约建于公元前2500年。但是作家兼电影制作人约翰·安东尼·韦斯特认为它的年代要久远得多。如果他的观点成立，人们以往所了解的古代文明相关知识就必须彻底改写。 韦斯特在研究一位法国研究者的著作之后，开始对古代历史产生兴趣。这位研究者提出，埃及文明早在三万年前就已经发展起来，而并非大多数专家所认为的四千五百年前。 韦斯特与一位科学家合作开展研究。他们的研究表明，狮身人面像经年累月是被水侵蚀磨损，而非风沙。 等等？水？这怎么可能？狮身人面像地处撒哈拉沙漠。这片沙漠已经干旱一万两千年了！然而在那之前，这里草木繁茂。如果确实是水侵蚀了狮身人面像，韦斯特认为它的建造时间必定要再往前推数千年。 无论韦斯特的观点正确与否，敢于质疑公认的观点十分重要，科学正是这样不断进步的。 韦斯特给孩子们提出一些建议：如果你对某个话题感兴趣，尽可能广泛阅读相关资料，开展属于自己的研究，多提出问题，并找寻属于自己的答案。 【长难句分析】 1.If he’s right, everything anybody has learned about ancient civilizations would have to be completely revised. 如果他的观点成立，人们以往所了解的古代文明相关知识就必须彻底改写。 if引导条件状语从句；everything后接定语从句anybody has learned about ancient civilizations修饰先行词everything。 2.The researcher said Egyptian civilization developed as early as 30,000 years ago, rather than 4,500 years ago, as most experts believe. 这位研究者提出，埃及文明早在三万年前就已经发展起来，而并非大多数专家所认为的四千五百年前。 said后接宾语从句；rather than表对比；as引导方式状语从句。 3.If it’s true that water wore down the Sphinx, West thinks that it must have been built thousands of years earlier. 如果确实是水侵蚀了狮身人面像，韦斯特认为它的建造时间必定要再往前推数千年。 if引导条件状语从句，从句中it作形式主语；thinks后接宾语从句；must have been built对过去事情进行推测。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. civilization n.文明 2. revise v.修改；改写 3. research n.&v.研究 4. wear v.磨损 5. challenge v.质疑；挑战 6. rather than 而不是 7. do research 做研究 Passage1 It was more than 80 years ago, when an army quietly passed across the Yudu River in Ganzhou, Jiangxi. They were the Chinese Central Red Army. They decided to start a 1 hard march. It was 2 known as the Long March. This year is the 83rd year of the victory of the famous march. Let's learn something about it. During the Long March, the Chinese Central Red Army passed many places. They 3 from Jiangxi, passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi. It is said that they 4 about 25, 000 li（about 12, 500 kilometers）during the Long March. At school, you may have learned in books that soldiers 5 many difficulties. They lived a 6 life and fought against the enemies. They crossed Chishui River for four times, 7 many kinds of difficulties. In Sichuan, soldiers spent a hard time creeping（匍匐前进）across Luding Chain Bridge, which was 8 13 iron chains, in the middle of gunfire. They also climbed 9 the snowy Jiajin Mountain which was 4, 930 meters high. They didn't have enough food to eat, so they often went 10 for days. And they didn't have enough 11 to stay away from the cold. Many soldiers 12 . About 86,000 people took part in the march, 13 only about 7, 000 were left when they arrived in Shaanxi. Today, we can visit the places that they once passed through. This way, we may truly understand the 14 of the Long March: Never be 15 of difficulties and never give up. 1．A．short B．long C．slow D．quick 2．A．finally B．gradually C．famously D．probably 3．A．returned B．studied C．hid D．started 4．A．drove B．flew C．walked D．rode 5．A．looked through B．went through C．thought of D．heard of 6．A．hard B．normal C．boring D．successful 7．A．remaining B．making C．avoiding D．facing 8．A．made up of B．made into C．made by D．made for 9．A．through B．over C．into D．on 10．A．hungry B．thirsty C．lonely D．angry 11．A．energy B．money C．matches D．clothes 12．A．escaped B．died C．cried D．feared 13．A．though B．because C．so D．but 14．A．influence B．meaning C．spirit D．result 15．A．afraid B．shy C．tired D．proud Passage2 Have you ever heard of Sanxingdui? It is one of the most amazing archaeological discoveries (考古发现) in China. Sanxingdui is in Guanghan, Sichuan Province, not far from Chengdu. It has a history of more than 3,000 years. Long ago, it was the capital of the ancient Shu Kingdom. The story of Sanxingdui started in 1929. A farmer found some old jade objects (玉器) when he was working in the field. At that time, people didn’t know they were so important. Then in 1986, two big sacrificial pits (祭祀坑) were found. Workers saw many wonderful relics (文物) under the ground. Archaeologists (考古学家) were very surprised. They found over 1,000 relics, such as bronzes (青铜器), gold, jade and ivory. From then on, Sanxingdui became famous around the world. The relics from Sanxingdui are very special. The most famous ones are the huge bronze masks. Some masks have very big eyes and large ears. Their eyes look like cylinders (圆筒) and stand out from the face. Some bronze heads wear gold masks. These masks show that the ancient Shu people were smart and creative. Another amazing relic is the bronze sacred tree (青铜神树). It is nearly 4 meters high. It has nine birds and a dragon on it. Experts think it was a bridge between people and gods in ancient Shu culture. Today, many relics are on show in Sanxingdui Museum. Thousands of visitors come to visit it every year. Sanxingdui shows us that ancient people were very clever and that Chinese civilization (文明) has a long history. As middle school students, we should learn more about our history and protect these old cultural relics. 1．Where is Sanxingdui? A．In Chengdu city center. B．In Guanghan, Sichuan. C．Near Shanghai. D．In the west of Tibet. 2．When were the two big sacrificial pits found? A．In 1929 B．In 1986 C．In 2019 D．In 2022. 3．What is special about the bronze masks? A．They have no eyes or ears. B．They are made of silver. C．Some have big, standing-out eyes. D．They look like modern people. 4．What do experts think the bronze sacred tree was? A．A toy for children. B．A tool for picking fruits. C．A bridge between people and gods. D．A lamp for lighting. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Ancient Shu people had clear written words. B．All mysteries of Sanxingdui have been solved. C．Sanxingdui shows the wisdom of ancient people. D．No new relics have been found in recent years. Passage3 Sanxingdui, is an archaeological site (考古遗址) located in Guanghan city, Sichuan. Between 1,600 and 1,100 BC, Sanxingdui was capital to the ancient kingdom of Shu, which built itself a great Bronze Age civilization (青铜时代文明). There are so many mysteries about it. The bronze man, standing 2.6 meters tall, is one of its biggest mysteries. Researchers have suggested that the man’s height shows his social position, probably as a king or a chief priest (大祭司), or both. Others believe that it may have once been placed on an altar (祭坛) and admired by the people of Sanxingdui. With arms raised in front and fingers of both hands circled to form a hole in the middle, the man had almost certainly been holding something that is likely to have been lost. But what was the man holding? This is a question for anyone who has ever looked up to him. “It could be a gold scepter (权杖),” says Hu Jialin, a famous researcher on Sanxingdui. He explains, because a month before the discovery of the bronze man in August, 1986, a 1.42-meter-long gold scepter was discovered from the site. Weighing about half a kilogram, the scepter was made up of a thin piece of gold covering around a wooden stick. Gold was the material of choice for the ruling class (统治阶级) in the ancient time, and scepters were a symbol of power. But some researchers disagree. They also gave their reasons. What was exactly the bronze man holding? The mystery remains. 1．What could possibly be the bronze man according to the passage? A．A guard. B．A tool maker. C．A king or a chief priest. D．A researcher. 2．How long is the scepter according to the passage? A．2.6 meters. B．1.6 meters. C．1.42 meters. D．1.24 meters. 3．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Culture. B．Travel. C．Technology. D．Health. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The bronze man must have held a scepter. B．The researcher has found out the mysteries. C．The scepters in the ancient times were a symbol of health. D．Many mysteries about Sanxingdui are waiting to be answered. 5．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage4 Many people have deep love for Chinese silk. This kind of material is shiny, soft and smooth. 1 The history of Chinese silk dates back to more than 5,000 years ago. Silk was very expensive in ancient China. 2 Wearing silk clothes was then a status (身份) symbol. The Chinese emperor wanted to keep the quality of silk production a secret. Anyone couldn’t tell the secret or take silkworms out of China, or he would be caught and put to death. However, foreign people loved silk and were willing to pay high prices for it. 3 The trade route from China to Europe was famous as the Silk Road. Silk has been a very important product in China. Thousands of years has passed since silk first appeared in China. And this kind of material is still a hot product wherever it goes. 4 And it can be beautifully coloured. Silk clothes are often embroidered (刺绣) with beautiful flowers and birds. 5 Cities such as Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and Shaoxing are famous for their silk industries. A．Only members of the royal (王室的) family could wear clothes made of silk. B．Silk is mainly produced in the south of the Yangtze River Delta. C．Chinese emperors sold silk to some foreign countries to get more money. D．Silk became one of the main exports (出口产品) in ancient China. E．It plays an important role in Chinese culture. F．The Silk Road makes a big difference to traditional Chinese culture. G．Silk is mostly used for clothing because it feels soft and smooth. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 A Look into the Past 历史与考古 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 351 介绍了湖南长沙的一家公司与考古学家合作，利用AI技术从竹简中提取信息，让秦朝官员“华”成为虚拟导游，使游客能够通过扫描二维码体验秦朝生活，展示了“文化+科技”让历史“活”起来的可能性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 227 本文介绍韦斯特对狮身人面像建造年代的不同看法，说明敢于质疑固有观点是科学进步的方式。 实战演练 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 265 本文介绍了红军长征，战士们在长征中走了大约25000里(约12500公里)，他们在途中遇到了很多困难。我们今天参观他们走过的地方，学习长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 307 本文主要讲述三星堆位于四川广汉，是3000多年前古蜀国的都城。1929年发现玉器，1986年发现两个祭祀坑，出土了青铜面具、青铜神树等文物，展示了古代人民的智慧和中华文明的悠久历史。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 276 本文主要介绍了三星堆考古遗址中青铜人像的相关情况及其中的谜团。 Passage4 阅读理解 七选五 记叙文 181 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了享誉世界的中国丝绸以及丝绸之路。 Passage1 A face-to-face meeting with Emperor Qinshihuang, once only a thought, is now within reach. In Central China’s Hunan Province, AI is making this kind of “meeting” possible—it’s making old things, places and even people from Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC) come alive. This fun project is from teamwork between a Changsha company and archaeologists (考古学家). The team uses AI to extract information from old papers and things dug up. Also, they put them in order. The company’s manager, Zhang Gangyi, showed how useful the technology is. He made a picture of Hua, an officer from the Qin Dynasty. Hua’s story and many facts of life in Qin times were written on about 38,000 bamboo slips (竹简). People found these slips in 2002. They are very useful — they filled an empty part in history and told us 15-year life in an old Qin town. Now, the AI-made Hua is a guide at Liye Ancient Town Archaeological Site Park. The park opened again in October after being fixed. It has a new smart guiding system made by Zhang’s team. They turned the old words on the bamboo slips into fun videos. Visitors can scan QR codes (二维码) at the park to watch these videos. Then they can feel what life was like 2,000 years ago. All pictures, clothes and things in the videos are based on real historical finds. For example, Hua’s clothes got ideas from Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb in Shaanxi. The team had to read many reports to get small facts right. This was a big challenge for them. Zhang loves Chinese history very much. He said technology helps people learn about the past better. “History is not just in museum boxes—people can feel it and talk with it,” he said. He thinks “culture+technology” will make traditional culture easier for everyone to enjoy. For example, visitors could wear VR (虚拟现实) glasses to see Qin Dynasty buildings on screen. He also said our own technology is important. We can’t use foreign technologies for our cultural projects. 与秦始皇面对面相见，曾经只是一个想法，如今却触手可及。在中国中部的湖南省，人工智能让这类“会面”成为现实——它让秦朝（公元前221‑206年）的古物、古迹，甚至历史人物重获生机。这个趣味项目由长沙一家企业与考古学家合作完成。 该团队利用人工智能从古籍和出土文物中提取信息，并将信息整理排序。这家公司的经理张刚毅展示了这项技术的实用价值。他制作出秦朝一名叫华的官吏的人物影像。华的故事以及秦朝大量生活史实记录在大约38000枚竹简之上。这些竹简于2002年被发现，价值极高，填补了历史的一段空白，向我们展现了一座秦朝古城十五年的生活面貌。 如今，人工智能生成的“华”成为里耶古城遗址公园的讲解员。经过修缮，该公园于十月重新开放，配备了张刚毅团队打造的全新智能讲解系统。他们把竹简上古老的文字转化成生动有趣的视频。游客可以在公园扫描二维码观看视频，感受两千年前人们的生活模样。 视频中所有的图像、服饰和器物都以真实历史出土文物为依据。例如，华的服饰设计参考了陕西秦始皇陵。团队需要研读大量报告，力求把每一处细节做到准确，这对他们来说是一项巨大的挑战。 张刚毅十分热爱中国历史。他表示，科技能够帮助人们更好地了解过去。“历史不只是陈列在博物馆展柜之中，人们可以感受历史，与历史对话。”他说道。他认为“文化+科技”可以让传统文化更容易被大众欣赏。比如游客可以佩戴虚拟现实眼镜，在屏幕上看见秦朝建筑。他还提到自主技术十分重要，我们的文化项目不能依赖国外技术。 【长难句分析】 1.A face‑to‑face meeting with Emperor Qinshihuang, once only a thought, is now within reach. 与秦始皇面对面相见，曾经只是一个想法，如今却触手可及。 once only a thought作插入语；with介词短语作后置定语修饰meeting；within reach意为触手可及。 2.Hua’s story and many facts of life in Qin times were written on about 38,000 bamboo slips. 华的故事以及秦朝大量生活史实记录在大约38000枚竹简之上。 本句为一般过去时被动语态，主语为并列结构，were written为谓语。 3.He thinks “culture+technology” will make traditional culture easier for everyone to enjoy. 他认为“文化+科技”可以让传统文化更容易被大众欣赏。 think后接宾语从句；make sth.+adj.+for sb. to do固定结构，表示“使某物对某人来说做起来……”。 【重难词汇梳理】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.extract v.提取 2.archaeologist n.考古学家 3.bamboo slip n.竹简 4.challenge n.挑战 5.traditional adj.传统的 6.come alive 变得鲜活；重获生机 7.be based on 以……为依据 8.scan QR codes 扫描二维码 Passage2 Most scientists agree the Great Sphinx of Giza (吉萨狮身人面像) was built around 2,500 BC． But John Anthony West, a writer and film maker, says that it’s much older, If he’s right, everything anybody has learned about ancient civilizations (文明) would have to be completely revised. West first got interested in ancient history after studying the work of a French researcher. The researcher said Egyptian civilization developed as early as 30,000 years ago, rather than 4,500 years ago, as most experts believe. West joined a scientist to do research together. Their research suggested that the Sphinx had been worn down (磨损) over the years by water, rather than by sand and wind. Wait a minute? Water? How could that be? The Sphinx is in the Sahara Desert. The Sahara Desert has been dry for 12,000 years! However, before that time, it was very green. If it’s true that water wore down the Sphinx, West thinks that it must have been built thousands of years earlier. Whether West is right or wrong, it’s important to challenge accepted ideas. That’s how science progresses. West gave some advice to kids: If you are interested in a topic, read everything you can on it. Do your own research. Ask lots of questions and find your own answers. 大多数科学家一致认为吉萨狮身人面像大约建于公元前2500年。但是作家兼电影制作人约翰·安东尼·韦斯特认为它的年代要久远得多。如果他的观点成立，人们以往所了解的古代文明相关知识就必须彻底改写。 韦斯特在研究一位法国研究者的著作之后，开始对古代历史产生兴趣。这位研究者提出，埃及文明早在三万年前就已经发展起来，而并非大多数专家所认为的四千五百年前。 韦斯特与一位科学家合作开展研究。他们的研究表明，狮身人面像经年累月是被水侵蚀磨损，而非风沙。 等等？水？这怎么可能？狮身人面像地处撒哈拉沙漠。这片沙漠已经干旱一万两千年了！然而在那之前，这里草木繁茂。如果确实是水侵蚀了狮身人面像，韦斯特认为它的建造时间必定要再往前推数千年。 无论韦斯特的观点正确与否，敢于质疑公认的观点十分重要，科学正是这样不断进步的。 韦斯特给孩子们提出一些建议：如果你对某个话题感兴趣，尽可能广泛阅读相关资料，开展属于自己的研究，多提出问题，并找寻属于自己的答案。 【长难句分析】 1.If he’s right, everything anybody has learned about ancient civilizations would have to be completely revised. 如果他的观点成立，人们以往所了解的古代文明相关知识就必须彻底改写。 if引导条件状语从句；everything后接定语从句anybody has learned about ancient civilizations修饰先行词everything。 2.The researcher said Egyptian civilization developed as early as 30,000 years ago, rather than 4,500 years ago, as most experts believe. 这位研究者提出，埃及文明早在三万年前就已经发展起来，而并非大多数专家所认为的四千五百年前。 said后接宾语从句；rather than表对比；as引导方式状语从句。 3.If it’s true that water wore down the Sphinx, West thinks that it must have been built thousands of years earlier. 如果确实是水侵蚀了狮身人面像，韦斯特认为它的建造时间必定要再往前推数千年。 if引导条件状语从句，从句中it作形式主语；thinks后接宾语从句；must have been built对过去事情进行推测。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. civilization n.文明 2. revise v.修改；改写 3. research n.&v.研究 4. wear v.磨损 5. challenge v.质疑；挑战 6. rather than 而不是 7. do research 做研究 Passage1 It was more than 80 years ago, when an army quietly passed across the Yudu River in Ganzhou, Jiangxi. They were the Chinese Central Red Army. They decided to start a 1 hard march. It was 2 known as the Long March. This year is the 83rd year of the victory of the famous march. Let's learn something about it. During the Long March, the Chinese Central Red Army passed many places. They 3 from Jiangxi, passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi. It is said that they 4 about 25, 000 li（about 12, 500 kilometers）during the Long March. At school, you may have learned in books that soldiers 5 many difficulties. They lived a 6 life and fought against the enemies. They crossed Chishui River for four times, 7 many kinds of difficulties. In Sichuan, soldiers spent a hard time creeping（匍匐前进）across Luding Chain Bridge, which was 8 13 iron chains, in the middle of gunfire. They also climbed 9 the snowy Jiajin Mountain which was 4, 930 meters high. They didn't have enough food to eat, so they often went 10 for days. And they didn't have enough 11 to stay away from the cold. Many soldiers 12 . About 86,000 people took part in the march, 13 only about 7, 000 were left when they arrived in Shaanxi. Today, we can visit the places that they once passed through. This way, we may truly understand the 14 of the Long March: Never be 15 of difficulties and never give up. 1．A．short B．long C．slow D．quick 2．A．finally B．gradually C．famously D．probably 3．A．returned B．studied C．hid D．started 4．A．drove B．flew C．walked D．rode 5．A．looked through B．went through C．thought of D．heard of 6．A．hard B．normal C．boring D．successful 7．A．remaining B．making C．avoiding D．facing 8．A．made up of B．made into C．made by D．made for 9．A．through B．over C．into D．on 10．A．hungry B．thirsty C．lonely D．angry 11．A．energy B．money C．matches D．clothes 12．A．escaped B．died C．cried D．feared 13．A．though B．because C．so D．but 14．A．influence B．meaning C．spirit D．result 15．A．afraid B．shy C．tired D．proud 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了红军长征，战士们在长征中走了大约25000里(约12500公里)，他们在途中遇到了很多困难。我们今天参观他们走过的地方，学习长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。 1．句意：他们决定开始一次长途艰苦的行军。 short短的；long长的；slow慢的；quick快的。根据后文的“It was ……known as the Long March.”可知，此处指的是长途的行军，故选B。 2．句意：它被称为著名的长征。 finally最后的；gradually逐渐地；famously著名地；probably可能。根据后文的“This year is the 83rd year of the victory of the famous march.”可知，红军长征是著名的，故选C。 3．句意：他们从江西出发，经过好几个省，最后到达陕西。 returned回来；studied学习；hid躲藏；started出发。根据“passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi.”可知，此处介绍长征是从江西出发，故选D。 4．句意：据说他们在长征中走了大约25000里(约12500公里)。 drove开车；flew飞；walked散步，走路；rode骑，乘。根据常识可知，长征是步行，故选C。 5．句意：在学校，你可能从书本上学到战士们经历了许多困难。 looked through浏览；went through经历；thought of想起；heard of听说。根据宾语“many difficulties”可知，此处表示经历了许多困难，故选B。 6．句意：他们过着艰苦的生活，同敌人作战。 hard努力的，艰苦的；normal正常的；boring无聊的；successful成功的。根据前文的“They decided to start a　　1　　hard march.”可知，此处指的是艰苦的生活，故选A。 7．句意：他们四次渡过赤水，面临各种困难。 remaining仍然；making制作；avoiding避免；facing面临。根据前文的“They lived a　　6　　life and fought against the enemies.”可知，他们面临很多困难，故选D。 8．句意：在四川，战士们在枪林弹雨中艰难地爬过由13条铁链组成的泸定铁桥。 make up of由......组成的；made into制成；made by被......制成；made for为......制作。根据“13 iron chains”可知，此处表示泸定桥是由13条铁链组成的，故选A。 9．句意：他们还爬上了高4930米的大雪覆盖的嘉金山。 through表示从中间穿过；over表示从上方越过；into进入；on在......上面。根据“the snowy Jiajin Mountain”可知，此处表示越过大雪山，用介词over，故选B。 10．句意：他们没有足够的食物吃，所以他们经常挨饿好几天。 hungry饥饿的；thirsty渴的；lonely孤独的；angry生气的。根据“They didn't have enough food to eat,”可知，他们没有足够的食物吃，因此挨饿，故选A。 11．句意：他们没有足够的衣服来御寒。 energy精力；money金钱；matches比赛；clothes衣服。根据“to stay away from the cold”可知，御寒需要足够的衣服，故选D。 12．句意：许多战士死去了。 escaped逃跑；died死；cried哭；feared害怕。根据前文的“They didn't have enough food to eat, so they often went……for days. And they didn't have enough……to stay away from the cold.”可知，许多战士因为没有食物吃，没有衣服御寒，因此死去了，故选B。 13．句意：大约有86000人参加了长征，但当他们到达陕西时，只剩下7000人。 though尽管；because因为；so所以；but但是。结合句意，前半句表示长征出发时大约有86000人，后半句表示他们到达陕西时只剩下7000，前后表示转折关系，因此用连词but，故选D。 14．句意：这样，我们才能真正理解长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。 influence影响；meaning意思；spirit精神；result结果。根据“Never be……of difficulties and never give up.”可知，永不畏惧困难，永不放弃，这是长征的精神，故选C。 15．句意：这样，我们才能真正理解长征精神：永不畏惧困难，永不放弃。 afraid害怕的；shy害羞的；tired疲劳的；proud骄傲的。根据前文的“They crossed Chishui River for four times,　　7　　many kinds of difficulties.”可知，此处表示不害怕困难，be afraid of“害怕……”，故选A。 Passage2 Have you ever heard of Sanxingdui? It is one of the most amazing archaeological discoveries (考古发现) in China. Sanxingdui is in Guanghan, Sichuan Province, not far from Chengdu. It has a history of more than 3,000 years. Long ago, it was the capital of the ancient Shu Kingdom. The story of Sanxingdui started in 1929. A farmer found some old jade objects (玉器) when he was working in the field. At that time, people didn’t know they were so important. Then in 1986, two big sacrificial pits (祭祀坑) were found. Workers saw many wonderful relics (文物) under the ground. Archaeologists (考古学家) were very surprised. They found over 1,000 relics, such as bronzes (青铜器), gold, jade and ivory. From then on, Sanxingdui became famous around the world. The relics from Sanxingdui are very special. The most famous ones are the huge bronze masks. Some masks have very big eyes and large ears. Their eyes look like cylinders (圆筒) and stand out from the face. Some bronze heads wear gold masks. These masks show that the ancient Shu people were smart and creative. Another amazing relic is the bronze sacred tree (青铜神树). It is nearly 4 meters high. It has nine birds and a dragon on it. Experts think it was a bridge between people and gods in ancient Shu culture. Today, many relics are on show in Sanxingdui Museum. Thousands of visitors come to visit it every year. Sanxingdui shows us that ancient people were very clever and that Chinese civilization (文明) has a long history. As middle school students, we should learn more about our history and protect these old cultural relics. 1．Where is Sanxingdui? A．In Chengdu city center. B．In Guanghan, Sichuan. C．Near Shanghai. D．In the west of Tibet. 2．When were the two big sacrificial pits found? A．In 1929 B．In 1986 C．In 2019 D．In 2022. 3．What is special about the bronze masks? A．They have no eyes or ears. B．They are made of silver. C．Some have big, standing-out eyes. D．They look like modern people. 4．What do experts think the bronze sacred tree was? A．A toy for children. B．A tool for picking fruits. C．A bridge between people and gods. D．A lamp for lighting. 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Ancient Shu people had clear written words. B．All mysteries of Sanxingdui have been solved. C．Sanxingdui shows the wisdom of ancient people. D．No new relics have been found in recent years. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述三星堆位于四川广汉，是3000多年前古蜀国的都城。1929年发现玉器，1986年发现两个祭祀坑，出土了青铜面具、青铜神树等文物，展示了古代人民的智慧和中华文明的悠久历史。 1．第一段“Sanxingdui is in Guanghan, Sichuan Province,...”，三星堆位于“四川广汉”。 2．第二段“Then in 1986, two big sacrificial pits (祭祀坑) were found”，两个大祭祀坑“在1986年”被发现。 3．第三段“Some masks have very big eyes...stand out from the face”，面具的特别之处是“有些有突出的大眼睛”。 4．倒数第二段“Experts think it was a bridge between people and gods”，专家认为青铜神树是“人与神之间的桥梁”。 5．最后一段“Sanxingdui shows us that ancient people were very clever”，三星堆展现了古代人民的智慧。 Passage3 Sanxingdui, is an archaeological site (考古遗址) located in Guanghan city, Sichuan. Between 1,600 and 1,100 BC, Sanxingdui was capital to the ancient kingdom of Shu, which built itself a great Bronze Age civilization (青铜时代文明). There are so many mysteries about it. The bronze man, standing 2.6 meters tall, is one of its biggest mysteries. Researchers have suggested that the man’s height shows his social position, probably as a king or a chief priest (大祭司), or both. Others believe that it may have once been placed on an altar (祭坛) and admired by the people of Sanxingdui. With arms raised in front and fingers of both hands circled to form a hole in the middle, the man had almost certainly been holding something that is likely to have been lost. But what was the man holding? This is a question for anyone who has ever looked up to him. “It could be a gold scepter (权杖),” says Hu Jialin, a famous researcher on Sanxingdui. He explains, because a month before the discovery of the bronze man in August, 1986, a 1.42-meter-long gold scepter was discovered from the site. Weighing about half a kilogram, the scepter was made up of a thin piece of gold covering around a wooden stick. Gold was the material of choice for the ruling class (统治阶级) in the ancient time, and scepters were a symbol of power. But some researchers disagree. They also gave their reasons. What was exactly the bronze man holding? The mystery remains. 1．What could possibly be the bronze man according to the passage? A．A guard. B．A tool maker. C．A king or a chief priest. D．A researcher. 2．How long is the scepter according to the passage? A．2.6 meters. B．1.6 meters. C．1.42 meters. D．1.24 meters. 3．What’s the theme of the passage? A．Culture. B．Travel. C．Technology. D．Health. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The bronze man must have held a scepter. B．The researcher has found out the mysteries. C．The scepters in the ancient times were a symbol of health. D．Many mysteries about Sanxingdui are waiting to be answered. 5．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三星堆考古遗址中青铜人像的相关情况及其中的谜团。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers have suggested that the man’s height shows his social position, probably as a king or a chief priest, or both.”可知，青铜人像可能是国王或大祭司。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“a 1.42-meter-long gold scepter was discovered from the site”可知，权杖长1.42米。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。文章围绕三星堆考古遗址、青铜时代文明、青铜人像等文化相关内容展开，所以主题是文化。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What was exactly the bronze man holding? The mystery remains.”可知，三星堆还有很多神秘之处待解答。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，文章第一段总述三星堆是考古遗址，有很多神秘之处；第二段是讲青铜人像身份之谜；第三、第四段是讲青铜人像所持东西之谜。因此，本文属于“总分” 结构，选项D结构图符合。故选D。 Passage4 Many people have deep love for Chinese silk. This kind of material is shiny, soft and smooth. 1 The history of Chinese silk dates back to more than 5,000 years ago. Silk was very expensive in ancient China. 2 Wearing silk clothes was then a status (身份) symbol. The Chinese emperor wanted to keep the quality of silk production a secret. Anyone couldn’t tell the secret or take silkworms out of China, or he would be caught and put to death. However, foreign people loved silk and were willing to pay high prices for it. 3 The trade route from China to Europe was famous as the Silk Road. Silk has been a very important product in China. Thousands of years has passed since silk first appeared in China. And this kind of material is still a hot product wherever it goes. 4 And it can be beautifully coloured. Silk clothes are often embroidered (刺绣) with beautiful flowers and birds. 5 Cities such as Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and Shaoxing are famous for their silk industries. A．Only members of the royal (王室的) family could wear clothes made of silk. B．Silk is mainly produced in the south of the Yangtze River Delta. C．Chinese emperors sold silk to some foreign countries to get more money. D．Silk became one of the main exports (出口产品) in ancient China. E．It plays an important role in Chinese culture. F．The Silk Road makes a big difference to traditional Chinese culture. G．Silk is mostly used for clothing because it feels soft and smooth. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了享誉世界的中国丝绸以及丝绸之路。 1．结合前后文“Many people have deep love for Chinese silk”和“The history of Chinese silk dates back to more than 5,000 years ago”可知，此处在说丝绸在中国文化中具有重要影响。E选项“它在中国文化中扮演着重要的角色”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据下文“Wearing silk clothes was then a status symbol”可知，穿丝绸衣服是一个身份的象征，故此处是在说只有皇家才能穿丝绸。A选项“只有皇家可以穿丝绸做的衣服”符合语境，故选A。 3．结合前后文“However, foreign people loved silk and were willing to pay high prices for it”和“The trade route from China to Europe was famous as the Silk Road”可知，外国人喜欢丝绸并且愿意花高价购买，“丝绸之路”这一贸易线路很有名，故此处是在说丝绸是古代中国的重要出口产品。D选项“在古代中国丝绸成为主要出口商品之一”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据下文“And it can be beautifully coloured. Silk clothes are often embroidered with beautiful flowers and birds”可知，提到了丝绸制成的衣服，故此处说的跟丝绸衣服有关。G选项“丝绸主要用于制作服装，因为它摸起来柔软光滑”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据下文“Cities such as Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and Shaoxing are famous for their silk industries”可知，列举了几个长三角的城市，故此处说的是长江三角洲主要丝绸生产地。B选项“丝绸主要产于长江三角洲南部”符合语境，故选B。 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $