Unit 2 单词讲解课件 2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语课件聚焦八年级上册8个单元核心词汇，从词形变化、短语搭配、考点用法到例句应用系统讲解，通过单元主题（如“Happy Holiday”“Home Sweet Home”）构建前后知识脉络，形成从基础记忆到语境应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与学习能力培养，通过“速记小口诀”（如“名词前后随便放，代词只能中间藏”）和考点辨析（如borrow/lend区分）强化词汇应用，搭配“小试牛刀”等分层练习提升思维品质。学生能高效掌握词汇用法，教师可直接利用结构化内容提升教学效率。

八上英语单词讲解 English vocabulary explanation for the first volume of Grade 8 课件中标红部分为重点考点 1 目 录/contents Unit 1 Happy Holiday Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Unit 3 Same or Different? Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! Unit 6 Plan for Yourself Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes Unit 8 Let's Communicate! 2 1. pack /pæk/ v. 打包；收拾 n. 包；一包 词形变化：过去式/过去分词 packed packer n. 打包工人 常用短语： pack up 打包收拾行李 pack into 把……塞进 a pack of 一包…… 例句： He puts a pack of snacks into his schoolbag. 3 2. pack up 打包 词法结构: pack 动词（打包）+ up 副词，动副短语 规则： 宾语是代词(it/them)，必须放中间：pack it up ✔；pack up it ❌ 宾语是名词，放中间、后面都可以：pack clothes up = pack up clothes 速记小口诀: 名词前后随便放，代词只能中间藏； 旅行打包用pack up，收工收摊也用上。 例句：I need to pack up my clothes for the trip. 4 3. bathroom /ˈbɑːθruːm/ n. 浴室；洗手间 词形变化： 复数 bathrooms 考点用法： 公共场所通用词，等同于washroom 例句： Excuse me, where is the bathroom? The bathroom is next to my bedroom. 5 4. sort /sɔːt/ v. 分类；整理 n. 种类 词形变化： 过去式 sorted 形容词 sortable 常用短语： a sort of 一种 all sorts of 各种各样 sort…into… 把…分成 sort…from… 把…挑出来 考点用法：all sorts of = all kinds of，后接复数名词 例句： I sort my books into three different boxes. 6 5. bedroom　/ˈbedruːm/　n.卧室；卧房 词形变化： 　 复数：bedrooms 　 构词拆解：bed（床）+ room（房间） 常用搭配: 　 master bedroom 　　主卧 　 clean the bedroom 　打扫卧室 考点用法: 可数名词，数量大于1必须加s：two bedrooms 两间卧室 名词作定语修饰其他词，直接用单数：bedroom door 卧室门（不用bedrooms door） 例句： I put all my storybooks in my bedroom. 7 6. balcony /ˈbælkəni/ n. 阳台 词形变化： 复数 balconies（辅音+y，变y为i+es） 例句： I often drink tea on the balcony in summer. We hang all our clothes on the balcony. 8 7. hang up 悬挂；挂断电话 词形变化： 悬挂：hang-hung-hung 绞死：hang-hanged-hanged 常用短语：hang up 挂起衣物；挂断电话 考点区分：hung 表挂东西，hanged只表示处决 例句： Hang up your coat when you get home. She hung up the phone after our talk. 9 8. invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ v. 邀请 词形变化： invitation 可数 n. an invitation 一张邀请函 常用短语：invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to sp 邀请某人去某地 核心考点：to 是不定式，后面必须加动词原形，必考填空 例句： My cousin invites me to visit his bedroom. She invites all the classmates to her party. 10 9. living room 客厅 考点： 名词短语,固定搭配，分开写，不加连字符 例句： Our whole family watches TV in the living room. We put a big sofa in the living room. 11 10. arrival /əˈraɪvl/ n. 到达 词形变化： arrive v. 到达 arrive in +大地点（城市、国家） arrive at +小地点（车站、酒店） 例句： We wait for his arrival at the gate. The arrival of my dad makes us happy. 12 11. yet /jet/ adv. 还；仍旧 conj. 但是 考点用法： 　现在完成时否定句、疑问句句尾 　肯定句不用yet，改用already 　固定搭配 not yet 还没有 例句：I haven’t packed my luggage yet. 　　　—Have you cleaned the room? —Not yet. 13 12. add /æd/ v. 添加；相加 词形变化：added 过去式 addition n. 添加；添加物 常用短语： add up 相加 add up to 总计 add sth to sth 把某物加入某物 例句：Add some milk to the hot water. These numbers add up to one hundred. 14 13. add sth to sth 把.......加入....... 核心考点用法 错误：add sugar into water 正确：add sugar to water 结构拆分：add + 要加的东西 + to + 原本的事物 否定形式：don’t add sth to sth 不要把某物加到某物 例句: Please add some milk to the hot coffee. 15 14. go shopping 去购物 语法结构： go + 动名词（go swimming / go fishing / go hiking） go shopping with sb. 和sb.去购物 例句： My grandma goes shopping every weekend. I want to go shopping after school. 16 15. biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/ n. 饼干 词形变化： 复数 biscuits 常用搭配： a pack of biscuits 一包饼干 chocolate biscuits 巧克力饼干 例句： I take some biscuits in my pack for the trip. She likes eating chocolate biscuits. 17 16. borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ v. 借入 词形变形：borrower n. 借用人 borrow-borrowed-borrowed 核心考点： borrow sth from sb 向某人借东西 borrow 是短暂性动词，表示“借进来”，东西从别人到自己手上。 不能和时间段连用，若要表达借多久需换成 keep。 易混区分： borrow 借入（我向别人拿） lend 借出（我把东西给别人） 例句： I borrow a book from my deskmate. 18 17. plan /plæn/ v. 打算，规划 n. 计划 词形变形：复数/三单plans；现在分词planning；过去式planned 变形拓展：planner n. 规划者 planning n. 规划 planned adj. 有计划的 高频搭配：plan to do sth 计划做某事 make a plan to do sth 制定计划做某事 make a plan for sth 为某事制定计划 plan on doing sth 打算做某事 例句： We plan to join the treasure hunt game this weekend. She makes a detailed plan for her mountain trip. 19 18. treasure /ˈtreʒə(r)/ n. 宝藏，财富（不可数）v. 珍视 词形变形：treasured adj. 珍贵的 核心短语：treasure hunt 寻宝游戏 hidden treasure 埋藏的宝藏 cultural treasures 文化瑰宝 例句： Many children take part in the fun treasure hunt in the park. I treasure every warm moment with my whole family. 20 19. hunt /hʌnt/ v. 打猎；搜寻 词形变形：hunting n. 狩猎 hunter n. 猎人 核心搭配：go on a hunt 去狩猎 hunt for sth 搜寻某物 例句： The little boy hunts for his lost key everywhere in the apartment. Local people never go on a hunt in this forest. 21 20. lift /lɪft/ n. 电梯；搭便车 / v. 举起，抬起 词形变形: lifter n. 起重机；举重运动员 lifted adj. 被举起的；振奋的 固定搭配：give sb a lift 顺路载某人去某地 例句： Could you give me a lift to the community gate after class? The strong boy can lift the heavy box without help. 22 21. give sb a lift 开车顺便送某人 词形变形： 三单：lifts；现在分词：lifting；过去式/过去分词：lifted 核心短语： take the lift 乘电梯 lift up 举起，抬起 lift off（火箭、飞机等）起飞，发射 例句： Will you give me a lift to the community activity center? 23 22. until /ənˈtɪl/ prep.&conj. 直到……为止 三大核心语法用法 1. 肯定句： 谓语多用延续性动词（wait, stay, sleep），动作持续到时间点停止。 2. 否定句 not…until…： 谓语多用瞬间动词（leave, start, finish），意为“直到……才”。 3. 主将从现规则： until引导将来时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，不用将来时。 例句：My mom waits until I finish all my housework every night. I didn’t stop cleaning the rubbish until ten o’clock. 24 23. be careful with 当心，注意 词形变形：careless adj. 粗心的 careful adj. 细心的 核心搭配： be careful with / of / about 当心 be careful to do sth 小心做某事 例句： If you are careless, you will make lots of spelling mistakes. Be careful with the broken plate in the kitchen . 25 24.movie /ˈmuːvi/ n. 电影 核心短语：go to the movies 去看电影 the movies 电影院、影视行业 例句： My best friend invites me to the movies this Saturday. This movie talks about a boy’s treasure hunt experience. 26 25. the movies 电影院、影视行业 单词辨析： movie 可数名词单数：a movie 一部电影 the movies 复数，特指观影场所、电影行业，前面必须加定冠词the 同义表达： 英式：go to the cinema 去看电影 单数：go to a movie 去看一场电影 例句： We plan to go to the movies after we finish cleaning our apartment. 27 26. dead /ded/ adj. 死去的；没电的，失效的 多层含义：① 死的，失去生命的； ② （机器、电器）不运行的，没电的； ③ 无活力的，沉闷的 • 词性转换（中考高频变形）： die v. 死亡，凋谢（短暂性动词） death n. 死亡，逝世 dying adj. 垂死的，临终的 death n. 死亡 特殊用法：the dead 集合名词，意为“死者”（= dead people） 例句： My phone is dead, so I can’t text you right now. 28 27. note /nəʊt/ n. 笔记，便条；笔记本 / v. 留意，记录 词形变形：notebook n. 笔记本 核心短语：take notes = make notes 记笔记 note down 记下 make a note of… 把……记下来 take note of 注意，留意 例句： Remember to take notes while listening to the English lesson. I note down all new words in my small notebook every day. 29 28. take notes 记笔记 固定搭配： take notes（必须用复数notes，泛指做笔记这件事） • 同义表达：make notes / write notes • 细分搭配：take notes in class 课堂记笔记 take notes of sth 记录某事 易错点： ❌ take note（单独单数用法极少，一般不使用） ✅ take notes（常规标准表达） 例句：It’s a good habit to take notes during the English lesson. 30 29. clean up 打扫干净；清理（垃圾、杂物）；整理 动副短语： 名词作宾语：可放中间或后面 clean the room up = clean up the room 代词作宾语（it/them）：只能放中间 clean it up ✔ / clean up it ❌ 拓展短语：clean out 彻底清理（容器、储物间） clean off 擦去污渍 例句 We need to clean up the living room before our friends come. Please clean up the rubbish on the balcony right now. 31 30. community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区；社团 词形变化： 复数：communities（辅音+y结尾，变y为i+es） 词性转换： communal adj. 公共的；社区的 常用搭配： in the community 在社区里 local community 当地社区 例句： There is a big park in our community. People in this community often take part in volunteer activities. 32 31. rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ n. 垃圾；废弃物 核心语法： 不可数名词，没有复数形式，不能说 a rubbish / rubbishes 常用搭配： take out rubbish 倒垃圾 throw rubbish 扔垃圾 rubbish bin 垃圾桶 例句： Don’t leave rubbish on the street or in the community. 33 32. almost /ˈɔːlməʊst/ adv. 差不多；几乎；将近 核心用法： almost 是副词，不能直接修饰名词 可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词 考点辨析： almost：强调“差一点就完全达到”，可和否定词连用 nearly：侧重“接近”，一般不用于否定句 例句： It is almost time for us to go to the movies. I almost forgot to take out the rubbish in the community. 34 33. journey /ˈdʒɜːni/ n. 旅程；行程；历程 词形变化： 复数 journeys 词义区分（中考高频辨析）： journey：侧重较长距离的陆路旅行，也可比喻人生、成长的“历程” trip： 短途出行、游玩 travel：泛指旅行（不可数） 常用搭配： a long journey 长途旅程 life journey 人生历程 例句： We are planning a long journey to the ancient mountain town. 35 34. pull /pʊl/ v.&n. 拉；拖；拽 词形变形： 三单 pulls 现在分词 pulling 过去式/过去分词 pulled 常用短语： pull down 拆毁；拉倒 pull out 拔出；驶出 pull up 停下；拔起 例句： Please pull the heavy box out of the bedroom. The horse pulls the cart along the country road. 36 35. luggage /ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/ n. 行李 核心语法： 不可数名词，没有复数形式，不能说 a luggage / luggages 表达“一件行李”：a piece of luggage 多件行李：pieces of luggage 常用搭配： pack luggage 收拾行李 check luggage 托运行李 例句： I pack my luggage carefully before going on a journey. There are three pieces of luggage in the living room. 37 36. share sth with sb 把某物与某人分享 结构解析： share（动词）+ 分享的事物 + with + 分享的对象 词形变形： 三单 shares 过去式/过去分词 shared 现在分词 sharing 拓展短语： share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦 share in sth 分担某事 例句： I share my biscuits with my deskmate during the trip. She shares her travel notes with all the classmates. 38 37. familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/ adj. 熟悉的；常见的 考点搭配： be familiar with sth/sb 某人熟悉某物/某人（主语是人） be familiar to sb 某物为某人所熟悉（主语是物） 词形拓展： unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的（反义词） 例句： I am familiar with every street in this community. The old movie is familiar to most people. 39 38. joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话；玩笑 v. 开玩笑 词形变化： 复数 jokes 动词三单 jokes 过去式 joked 常用搭配： tell a joke 讲笑话 play a joke on sb 捉弄某人；开某人玩笑 make a joke 开玩笑 例句： He tells a funny joke to make us relaxed on the journey. Don’t play a joke on your deskmate in class. 40 39. several /ˈsevrəl/ det.&pron. 几个；一些 核心考点： 修饰可数名词复数,不能修饰不可数名词 可单独使用：several（people） 几个人 短语搭配： several days 几天 例句： Several students share snacks with each other. 41 40. nod /nɒd/ v. & n. 点头 词形变形： 三单 nods 现在分词 nodding（双写d） 过去式/过去分词 nodded 固定搭配： nod to/at sb 向某人点头 nod in agreement 点头同意 give sb a nod 朝某人点了点头 例句： She nodded when I told her the familiar story. 42 41. writer /ˈraɪtə(r)/ n. 作家；作者 词性转换： write - wrote - written writing n. 写作；文字 拓展搭配： a famous writer 知名作家 travel writer 旅行作家 例句： This writer wrote many jokes in his text. 43 42. text /tekst/ n. 文本；正文；文字 v. （美式口语）发短信 固定短语： text sb on the mobile phone send a text message to sb send sb a text message 用手机给某人发短信 名词搭配： the main text 正文 text message 短信 核心短语： text sb / text sb a message 给某人发短信 例句： I text my mother every night to share my life. 44 43. describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述；形容 词形变形： description n.描述（注意拼写差异，少e） 必考搭配： describe sth to sb 向某人描述某物 describe oneself 自我介绍 易错提醒: ❌ describe sb sth （错误） ✅ describe sth to sb（正确，to不能丢） 例句： Can you describe the luggage to me? 45 44. wherever /weəˈevə(r)/ conj. 无论哪里；在任何地方 核心用法: 引导让步状语从句 = no matter where 可引导地点从句，意为“凡是……地方” 同义转换: Wherever he travels = No matter where he travels 例句: Wherever you go, I will go with you. You can find rubbish wherever you go in the community. 46 45. matter /ˈmætə(r)/ v. 要紧；n. 问题；事情；麻烦 三单形式：matters 常用搭配： a personal matter 私事 What's the matter? 怎么了？出什么事了？ 例句： Your safety matters most. 你的安全最重要。 47 46. no matter 不论；不要紧 必考搭配： no matter + 疑问词(where/who/what/when) = 疑问词+ever 无论…… no matter where = wherever 无论哪里 no matter what = whatever 无论什么 固定短句 ： It doesn't matter. 没关系、不要紧 例句： No matter what joke you tell, I won't be angry. —Sorry! —It doesn't matter. 48 47. perhaps /pəˈhæps/ adv. 也许，可能 位置灵活: 句首（最常用）：Perhaps + 完整句子 句中/句末：主语 + perhaps + 动词 同义辨析（中考必考）: perhaps = maybe（口语通用，可互换，maybe更随意） probably：很可能（概率70%以上，确定性更强） possibly：有可能（客观存在机会，语气最弱） 例句: Perhaps the writer will text me and describe his journey. It will perhaps take several days to pack all luggage. 49 48. plate /pleɪt/ n. 盘子；碟子 复数形式：plates 高频搭配: a plate of … 一盘…… a plate of fruit 一盘水果 a plate of cakes 一盘蛋糕 on the plate 在盘子上 例句: There are several apples on the white plate. 50 49. freshly /ˈfreʃli/ adv. 刚刚；新鲜地 词性转换: fresh adj. 新鲜的；刚做好的 修饰规则： 副词修饰动词/形容词，常放形容词前 例句: The cakes are freshly made and they smell sweet. The bread is freshly baked. 51 50. smell /smel/ v. & n. 闻到；发臭；气味 不规则变形（中考高频易错）： 原形 smell 过去式、过去分词 smelled / smelt（两种都正确） 现在分词 smelling 常考搭配： a nice smell 好闻的气味 smell out 嗅出；察觉 take a smell 闻一闻 感官动词考点（重点） smell 属于系动词，后接形容词，不能接副词 ✅ The food smells good. ❌ The food smells well. 例句：Can you smell the freshly baked bread? 52 51. joy /dʒɔɪ/ n. 喜悦；乐趣；快乐 词形变形： joys 复数 joyful adj.快乐的；高兴的 核心词义： 喜悦，高兴（内心的幸福感，不可数） 乐事，趣事（一件件开心的事，可数） 固定搭配： full of joy 充满喜悦 to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是 share joys and sorrows 同甘共苦 with joy 高兴地 例句： The children shouted with joy when they saw the gifts. 53 52. apartment /əˈpɑːtmənt/ n. 公寓套房 高频搭配： a two-bedroom apartment 两室公寓 in the apartment 在公寓里 apartment building 居民楼；公寓大楼 community apartment 小区公寓 区分考点： apartment / flat：成套公寓（整套房子） room：单个房间（卧室、客厅单间） house：独栋带院子的别墅、平房 例句： We live in a bright apartment in this community. 54 53. block /blɒk/ 大楼；街区；大块 v.阻挡；堵塞 词形变形： 复数名词 blocks 三单 blocks 现在分词 blocking 过去式/过去分词 blocked 必考短语： block up 堵塞，封住 a block of 一大块…… block the road 堵路 block the window 挡住窗户 block sb’s way 挡住某人的路 例句： There is an apartment block in our community. 55 54. decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/ v. 装饰；装潢 词形变形： 三单 decorates 现在分词 decorating 过去式 / 过去分词 decorated decoration n. 装饰品；装饰（可数复数：decorations） 核心搭配： decorate sth with sth 用某物装饰某物 例句： We decorate our apartment with colourful posters. She decorated the wall with fresh flowers and clean plates. 56 55. cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/ v. 遮盖；包括 n. 词形变形： 三单 covers 现在分词 covering 过去式/过去分词 covered 核心搭配： cover A with B 用B盖住A be covered with… 被……覆盖（被动结构，高频考点） cover up 遮掩，掩盖 take cover 躲避（风雨、危险） book cover 书封面 plastic cover 塑料盖子 例句： We took cover under the tree when it rained. 57 56. poster /ˈpəʊstə(r)/ n.海报 词形变形：post v. 张贴；邮寄 复数 posters 高频搭配：movie poster 电影海报 put up a poster 张贴海报 design a poster 设计海报 travel poster 旅行宣传海报 wall poster 墙上海报 例句： We put up colourful posters to decorate our apartment. This poster tells people not to leave rubbish everywhere in the community. 58 57.scissors /ˈsɪzəz/ n. 剪刀 核心语法（中考高频易错）: 本身只有复数形式，无单数scissor，不能直接用 a scissors 表达一把剪刀：a pair of scissors 两把/多把剪刀：two pairs of scissors 常用搭配: a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 use scissors 使用剪刀 例句: I need a pair of scissors to cut paper. 59 58. glue /ɡluː/ n. 胶水 v. 粘贴 词形变化： 三单 glues 现在分词 gluing 过去式 glued 固定搭配： glue A to B 把A粘在B上 例句： There is some glue on the desk. Glue the paper cut to the poster. 60 59. paper cut 剪纸 复数形式：paper cuts 词义区分: paper cut（名词短语）中式剪纸 papercut 单个合成词，含义完全相同 常用搭配: make paper cuts 做剪纸 decorate windows with paper cuts 用剪纸装饰窗户 例句: We use scissors and glue to make beautiful paper cuts. 61 小试牛刀 1. We need to ______ the park. There is lots of rubbish everywhere. A. clean up it B. clean it up C. clean up them D. clean them up 2. This kind of flower smells _____, so we decorate our apartment _____ it. A. sweet; with B. sweetly; with C. sweet; by D. sweetly; by 3. There are three ______ on the table, and we will put fresh fruit on them. A. plate B. plates C. a plate D. plate’s 4. The whole wall ______ beautiful posters that a young writer drew. A. covers with B. is covered with C. covers to D. is covered to 5. ______ you don’t know him well, you won’t be ______ his stories. A. If; familiar to B. Though; familiar with C. If; familiar with D. Because; familiar to 6. I want to ______ my happiness ______ my best friend by texting her every day. A. share; to B. share; with C. take; with D. take; to 7. —Where is my luggage? —Look, there are several ______ of luggage beside the door. A. piece B. pieces C. piece’s D. pieces’ 8. You need ______ to cut paper and some glue to stick paper cuts. A. a pair of scissors B. a scissors C. two scissor D. pair of scissors 9. The bread is ______ baked, and it has a wonderful ______. A. fresh; smell B. freshly; smell C. fresh; smelt D. freshly; smelt 10. Don’t ______ jokes on your classmates in the community activity. It’s impolite. A. tell B. make C. play D. say 11. The famous ______ will ______ his long journey in his new text tomorrow. A. writer; describe B. writer; describes C. writing; describe D. writing; describes 12. ______ we will put up this poster to ask people not to throw rubbish. A. May be B. Perhaps C. Possible D. Probable 能力提升 1. We __________ (decorate) our apartment with paper cuts last weekend. 2. The table is ________ (cover) with many plates of fruit now. 3. This ________ (write) often texts his friends to describe his trips. 4. There are five ________ (plate) on the kitchen desk in my apartment. 5. The rubbish ________ (smell) terrible. Please clean it up at once. decorated covered writer plates smells 6. Many students put up colourful __________ (poster) in our community. 7. I want __________ (share) my snacks with my deskmate on the journey. 8. These flowers are ________ (fresh) picked this morning. 9. He made several funny ________ (joke) to make us relaxed. 10. Can you __________ (description) your new luggage to me clearly? posters to share freshly jokes describe 11. A pair of scissors and some glue ________ (be) on the desk for making paper cuts. 12. People in this community are ________ (familiar) with each other. 13. She ________ (nod) her head when she heard my plan yesterday. 14. ________ (perhaps) we will clean up the park after school today. 15. We need three pieces of ________ (luggage) for this long journey. are familiar nodded Perhaps luggage 拔高巩固 Our community will hold a handcraft activity this Sunday. A famous 1.______ (write) will teach us to make beautiful 2._________ (paper-cut). We need a pair of 3.________ (scissor) and some 4.________ (glue). We plan to 5.________ (decorate) the apartment hall. The wall is 6.________ (cover) with posters already. We stick our works with glue beside 7.________ (fresh) flowers on plates. The flowers 8.______ (smell) great. 9.________ (perhaps) we will 10.______ (share) our paper cuts with all neighbours. writer paper-cuts scissors glue decorate covered freshly smell Perhaps share Thanks for watching 69 null 2019 74526.805 $